JP2002255677A - Small-sized test equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide small-sized test equipment which can simulates a manuring procedure under various temperature conditions. SOLUTION: In order to ensure the reproducibility of experiment, a reaction vessel 11 is kept under a fixed temperature for a prescribed time in the temperature holding mode and, thereafter, is subjected to pseudo-thermal insulation in the temperature follow-up mode and the temperature of fermenting substance CO is naturally elevated. In such a case, the initial conditions of the fermenting substance CO is allowed to coincide with each other and the experiment having high reproducibility is made possible. Otherwise, as another experiment, the reaction vessel 11 is preliminarily subjected to pseudo-thermal insulation in the temperature follow-up mode, the temperature of the fermenting substance CO is naturally elevated and the temperature hysteresis at that time is stored. Subsequently, by the exchange, etc., of the fermenting substance CO in the reaction vessel 11, the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 is regulated in the temperature forced mode. In such a experiment, the reproducibility of the initial pseudo-thermal insulation test can be confirmed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a small-sized test apparatus for testing the composting process of plants, livestock dung and the like, and can freely simulate the composting process in, for example, a large composting plant. The present invention relates to a small test device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to simulate the composting process in a large-scale composting plant, it is necessary to reproduce a temperature change or the like in a central portion of a compost material. In order to reproduce the same fermentation process as a large composting device using a small amount of compost raw materials, undesired heat release and endotherm occur from the environment due to the small heat capacity, resulting in a change in bacterial flora and a problem with reproducibility. was there. In order to solve this problem, there is a small-sized test apparatus that accommodates compost raw materials in a small reaction vessel, insulates the reaction vessel in a pseudo manner, and reproduces the composting process in the reaction vessel.

[0003] This type of small test apparatus has a structure in which a reaction vessel is immersed in a water tank for temperature control, and controls the temperature of water filled in the water tank to approach an index value of a thermometer provided inside the reaction vessel. Do. Thereby, the reaction vessel is pseudo-insulated from the surroundings, and in the reaction vessel, a composting process similar to the composting process in a large-scale composting plant proceeds.

[0004]

However, since the above-mentioned small test apparatus uses a heat medium having a large heat capacity,
It can only achieve the pseudo adiabatic effect and cannot simulate the composting process in a composting plant or the like under various temperature conditions.

Further, in the above-described small-sized test apparatus, since the state of the air supplied to the reaction vessel is not taken into consideration during the pseudo-insulation test, it is impossible to grasp the influence of disturbance due to the supply of air.

An object of the present invention is to provide a compact test apparatus capable of simulating a composting process under various temperature conditions.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a small-sized test apparatus comprising: a reaction vessel for accommodating a fermented body; and a temperature-controlling outer vessel for accommodating the reaction vessel with a gas layer therebetween. A temperature tracking means for sequentially changing the temperature of the outer vessel according to the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel, and the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel at a predetermined time by adjusting the temperature of the outer vessel. And temperature maintaining means for maintaining the temperature at a predetermined temperature.

[0008] In the above-mentioned small test apparatus, the temperature follow-up means not only changes the temperature of the outer vessel in accordance with the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel, but also the temperature holding means adjusts the temperature of the outer vessel in advance. Since the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel is maintained at a predetermined temperature at a specified time, a constant value control test for maintaining the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel at a predetermined temperature for a certain period of time is performed. After the control, a pseudo adiabatic test can be performed using the temperature following means.

A small test apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is a small test apparatus comprising a reaction container for accommodating a fermented body and an outer container for temperature control for accommodating the reaction container with a gas layer therebetween. A temperature follower for sequentially changing the temperature of the outer vessel according to the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel; and adjusting the temperature of the outer vessel so that the temperature of the outer vessel is adjusted between the first time and the second time designated in advance. Temperature forcing means for gradually changing the temperature of the fermented body from the first temperature to the second temperature.

[0010] In the above-mentioned small test apparatus, the temperature follow-up means not only changes the temperature of the outer vessel in accordance with the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel, but also the temperature forcing means adjusts the temperature of the outer vessel in advance. Since the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel is gradually changed from the first temperature to the second temperature between the designated first time and the second time, the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel is changed from the first temperature to the second temperature. The two temperatures can be varied continuously with the desired curve. In other words, the reproducibility can be tested and the temperature pattern for optimizing the fermentation amount and the fermentation organism can be determined by using the temperature change curve obtained by performing the pseudo adiabatic test using the temperature following means.

A small test apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is a small test apparatus comprising: a reaction container for accommodating a fermented body; and an outer container for temperature control for accommodating the reaction container with a gas layer therebetween. A temperature following means for sequentially changing the temperature of the outer vessel according to the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel, a gas supply means for supplying a gas to the reaction vessel, a gas temperature, a component,
And gas supply adjusting means for adjusting at least one of the flow rates.

[0012] In the above-mentioned small-size test apparatus, at least a temperature, a component, and a flow rate of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel are used in the pseudo adiabatic test in which the temperature following means sequentially changes the temperature of the outer vessel according to the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel. Since one of them can be adjusted, the gas conditions for optimizing the fermentation amount and the fermentation organism can be determined by variously changing the conditions of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel.

Further, in the small-sized test apparatus according to the fourth aspect,
The apparatus is further characterized by further comprising a gas temperature follow-up means for controlling the gas supply adjusting means and sequentially changing the temperature of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel in accordance with the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel.

[0014] In the above-mentioned small test apparatus, in the pseudo adiabatic test, the thermal disturbance due to the gas supplied to the reaction vessel is reduced, so that conditions closer to those of an actual composting plant or the like can be set.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A small test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the overall structure of the small test apparatus according to the embodiment. This small test device
A test apparatus main body 10 having a double structure including a reaction vessel 11 and an outer vessel 13, an electronic balance 20 for measuring the weight of the test apparatus main body 10, and a first thermometer 30 for measuring the internal temperature of the reaction vessel 11. A heater driving device 40 for heating the outer container 13 by appropriately energizing a heater 13a provided on the outer periphery of the outer container 13, a second thermometer 50 for measuring the temperature of the outer container 13 itself, and air or the like for the reaction container 11. A gas source 60 for supplying a gas containing the gas, a gas analyzer 70 for analyzing the gas flowing out of the reaction vessel 11, and a main controller 90 for controlling the entire small test apparatus as a whole. Among the above, the heater driving device 40 and the main control device 90 constitute a temperature control circuit.

The test apparatus main body 10 accommodates a fermentation substance CO such as bran or livestock dung inside the reaction vessel 11. The reaction vessel 11 is provided with an inlet portion 19a at a lower portion,
A gas, which is air containing oxygen, moisture, and the like, is supplied from a gas source 60. The gas generated from the fermentation substance CO or passed therethrough is introduced into the gas analyzer 70 via the outlet 19b at the top of the reaction vessel 11. The reaction container 11 is housed in the outer container 13 via an air layer AR functioning as a thermal buffer. In this case, the space between the reaction vessel 11 and the outer vessel 13 is an air layer AR. However, the same effect can be obtained by storing various gases other than air in this space.

The electronic balance 20 can measure the mass of the test apparatus main body 10 and accurately and sequentially detect the mass of the fermentation substance CO in the reaction vessel 11 and the mass change accompanying the composting of the fermentation substance CO. And outputs the result to main controller 90 as digital data.

The first thermometer 30 is composed of a thermosensitive element such as a resistance thermometer, and is driven by a thermometer driving device 32 to accurately and sequentially detect the temperature of the inside of the reaction vessel 11, ie, the temperature of the fermentation substance CO. The result is output to main controller 90 as digital data.

The heater driving device 40 can adjust the power supplied to the heater 13a provided on the outer periphery of the outer container 13, so that the entire outer container 13 can be appropriately heated by the heater 13a.

The second thermometer 50 is composed of a thermosensitive element such as a resistance temperature detector, and is driven by a thermometer driving device 52 to accurately and sequentially measure the temperature of the outer container 13 itself, that is, the wall of the outer container 13. The result can be detected, and the result is output to main controller 90 as digital data.

The gas source 60 includes a compressor (not shown) for compressing and supplying air, a flow meter for adjusting the amount of air supplied from the compressor, and a temperature adjusting element for adjusting the temperature of air from the compressor. Prepare. The gas source 60
Is connected to a component addition device 62,
Oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, or the like can be appropriately added to the air supplied to the first inlet portion 19a.

The gas analyzer 70 is not shown, but
It is provided with a trap for ammonia, water vapor, etc., an oxygen sensor, etc., and can analyze the components and the amount of gas discharged from the outlet 19b of the reaction vessel 11, and output the result to the main controller 90 as digital data.

The main controller 90 comprises a computer or the like, and includes an electronic balance 20, a first thermometer 30, a second thermometer 50,
The measurement result is received as digital data from the gas analyzer 70 or the like, and the result can be stored as a change with time or statistically analyzed. Further, main controller 90
Can use the measurement results of the first thermometer 30 and the second thermometer 50 for output control of the heater driving device 40.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view for explaining a detailed structure of the test apparatus main body 10. The test apparatus main body 10 is a double tank containing the reaction container 11 in the outer container 13 as described above.

The inner reaction vessel 11 is made of a resin material such as polypropylene, and has a cylindrical shape narrowed at a lower portion. An inlet 19 a for air conduction provided at the lower end of the reaction vessel 11 is detachably connected to the tube 14.
Air and the like from the gas source 60 in FIG. 1 are supplied through the tube 14. The upper portion of the reaction vessel 11 is covered with a sealing member 15 made of aluminum, and the airtightness in the reaction vessel 11 is maintained by an O-ring OL1. Since the sealing member 15 is thermally coupled to the outer container 13 and is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, it sufficiently follows the temperature of the outer container 13. A first thermometer 30 extending to the composting space CS inside the reaction vessel 11 is fixed to the sealing member 15, and the first composting space C
The temperature of S can be measured. Also, the sealing member 15
Is formed with an outlet 19b for collecting gas in the composting space CS, and supplies the gas discharged from the composting space CS to the gas analyzer 70 of FIG. 1 through the pipe 15c. Further, the center of the sealing member 15 is provided with the reaction vessel 11.
A sampling window 15a for collecting, observing, and the like the fermentation substance in the inside is provided. This sampling window 15a
Is openable and closable by a lid member 16, and the airtightness in the reaction vessel 11 can be maintained by the O-ring OL2. A portion near the bottom in the reaction vessel 11 has a porous bottom plate member 1 serving as a bottom of the composting space CS for accommodating fermentation substances.
7 is fixed. The lower space of the bottom plate member 17 is a gas supply port GP, and temporarily stores gas supplied from the inlet 19a. The gas supplied to the gas supply port GP is supplied to a large number of vents 17 a provided in the bottom plate member 17.
To the composting space CS.

The outer vessel 13 contains the reaction vessel 11 in a cylindrical internal space via an air space AR. The entire side wall of the outer container 13 is covered with a heater 13a. The main body 13b of the outer container 13 is made of a material such as aluminum, and is entirely uniformly heated by the surrounding heater 13a. The second inside of the side wall of the main body 13b
The thermometer 50 is embedded, and can measure the temperature of the main body 13b. An opening 13 is provided at the bottom of the main body 13b.
c is formed, and the inlet 19a, which is a projection at the lower end of the reaction vessel 11, is inserted and exposed to the outside. Opening 1
An O-ring OL3 is buried in 3c to maintain the airtightness of the internal space of the outer container 13, that is, the air layer AR. The upper end of the outer container 13 is sealed by a sealing member 15 also serving as a lid of the reaction container 11. Further, the reaction vessel 11
The whole is fixed to the electronic balance 20 of FIG. 1 via a column 18 extending from the lower part of the main body 13b.

Assuming that the test apparatus main body 10 shown in FIG. 2 is a simplified heat system, the composting space CS for accommodating the fermentation substance as a heating element, the reaction vessel 11, the air layer AR, and the main body of the outer vessel 13 It can be considered that the heater 13a and the heater 13a as a heat source are connected in series. For example, while measuring the temperature of the composting space CS with the first thermometer 30, the second
If the heater 13a is driven so that the temperature of the main body 13b detected by the thermometer 50 becomes equal to the measurement result of the first thermometer 30, the temperatures of the composting space CS and the main body 13b become substantially equal, and the thermal balance Is maintained, the outflow of heat from the composting space CS to the air layer AR and the outer container 13 and the inflow of heat from the outer container 13 to the composting space CS are almost offset, and the reaction container 11 is heated from the surroundings. A pseudo adiabatic effect which is isolated in isolation is obtained. At this time, it is possible to prevent the reaction vessel 11 from being strongly affected by the ambient temperature due to the air layer AR serving as a buffer. That is, excessive inflow / outflow of heat due to control delay of the heater 13a or overshoot acts with an appropriate time delay. Thereby, the reaction vessel 1
1 can be improved in thermal stability, and the accuracy of the pseudo adiabatic effect can be further improved. In addition, since the thickness of the main body 13b is increased to some extent, the outer container 13 has a certain heat capacity, and uneven heating by the heater 13a can be avoided. Further, since the heater 13a and the second thermometer 50 are appropriately separated from each other, the main body 1 of the outer container 13 is
The temperature of 3b can be measured more accurately.

On the other hand, in the test apparatus main body 10 shown in FIG. 2, since the reaction vessel 11 and the outer vessel 13 can be separated, the reaction vessel 11 can be formed of a material which is relatively resistant to thermal deformation. In addition, a heat treatment such as sterilization may be performed in advance with another apparatus in a state where the reaction vessel 11 is filled with the fermentation substance, or a test of composting may be performed while preparing a plurality of reaction vessels 11 and exchanging them. . After the test, only the reaction vessel 11 can be washed, or the reaction vessel 11 can be discarded together with the fermentation substance. Further, the reaction vessel 1
Since the first container 1 and the outer container 13 are structurally separated from each other, the reaction container 11 and the heater 13a are also separated from each other, thereby preventing an electric leakage accident. The fermented substance contained in the reaction vessel 11 often contains a large amount of water, and water is also generated during the fermentation process.
When a is provided, it is necessary to take into consideration the prevention of electric leakage.

In particular, since the reaction vessel 11 is made of polypropylene, the reaction vessel 11 can be sterilized by another autoclave sterilization apparatus, and the experiment can be started after the inside of the apparatus is sterilized. When the autoclave sterilization as described above cannot be performed, sterilization using alcohol or the like is required, but such a sterilizing agent may be a disturbance factor. In addition, since the reaction vessel 11 is made of polypropylene, there is no outflow of ions (for example, copper ions are said to have a bactericidal effect) unlike the case where the reaction vessel 11 is formed of a metal material, so that the fermentation substance as a reaction system is not affected. Don't worry about giving. Further, unnecessary heat flow is less likely to be generated as compared with the metal container, and the stability of the pseudo heat system can be further improved.

The operation of the small test apparatus shown in FIG. 1 will be described below. First, the temperature control of the reaction vessel 11 will be described.

The reaction vessel 11 has three modes including a temperature following mode realized by the temperature following means, a temperature holding mode realized by the temperature holding means, and a temperature forced mode realized by the temperature forcing means. Temperature control is performed. These operation modes are programmed in the main control device 90, and the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 can be controlled individually or in an appropriate combination according to an instruction of the operator. Reaction vessel 11
When the temperature is controlled, the main controller 90 controls the first and second
The heater driving device 40 is controlled based on the measurement results of the thermometers 30 and 50, and the amount of heating of the outer container 13 by the heater 13a is controlled.

In the above temperature control, in the temperature following mode, the temperature of the outer container 13 is sequentially changed according to the result of measuring the temperature of the fermentation substance CO in the reaction container 11. In particular,
The amount of electricity supplied to the heater 13a is adjusted using a technique such as PID control, and the measured value of the second thermometer 50 is made to match the measured value of the first thermometer 30 (a fluctuating target value).

In the temperature keeping mode, the temperature of the fermentation substance CO in the reaction vessel 11 is kept at a desired temperature at a time designated in advance. Specifically, the power supply amount of the heater 13a is determined by PID
Adjustment is performed using a method such as control, and the measurement value of the first thermometer 30 is made to coincide with a constant target value. In this case, the measured value of the second thermometer 50 is somewhat smaller than the measured value of the first thermometer 30, and the heat generated in the reaction vessel 11
3 will flow out.

In the temperature forced mode, a time t specified in advance
From time 1 to time t2, fermentation substance C in reaction vessel 11
The temperature of O is gradually changed from the temperature T1 to the temperature T2. Specifically, the energization amount of the heater 13a is adjusted using a technique such as PID control so that the measurement value of the first thermometer 30 draws a desired curve. It should be noted that the amount of electricity supplied to the heater 13a can be adjusted so that the measured value of the second thermometer 50 corresponding to the temperature of the outer container 13 draws a desired curve. In this case, the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 cannot be strictly controlled.

With the above-described temperature control, an experiment can be performed using the small test apparatus of FIG. 1 under various conditions as exemplified below.

First, in order to ensure the reproducibility of the experiment, the reaction vessel 11 is kept at a constant temperature for a certain time in the temperature holding mode, and then the temperature of the fermentation substance CO is reduced by pseudo-insulating the reaction vessel 11 in the temperature following mode. Let it rise naturally. In this case, after keeping the fermentation substance CO as a sample at a constant temperature, the temperature of the outer container 13 is sequentially changed with the temperature change of the fermentation substance CO. As described above, by providing the constant value control step of keeping the temperature constant as a pre-process of the pseudo adiabatic process, the initial conditions in the fermentation process of the fermentation substance CO can be substantially matched, and an experiment with high reproducibility can be performed.

FIG. 3A is a graph conceptually illustrating the above-mentioned temperature control. The horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates temperature. As is clear from the graph, the temperature of the fermentation substance CO in the reaction vessel 11 is maintained at T0 until time t0. After that, the reaction vessel 11 is pseudo-insulated to allow the reaction vessel 11 to naturally rise in temperature.

As another experiment, the temperature of the fermentation substance CO is naturally raised by pseudo-insulating the reaction vessel 11 in the temperature following mode in advance, and the temperature history at that time is stored. Next, the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 is adjusted in the temperature forced mode, for example, by exchanging the fermentation substance CO in the reaction vessel 11. In this case, the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 is forcibly changed so as to match the temperature history when the reaction vessel 11 is pseudo-insulated in the temperature following mode. In such an experiment, the reproducibility of the initial pseudo adiabatic test can be confirmed.

As still another experiment, the temperature of the fermentation substance CO is naturally increased by pseudo-insulating the reaction vessel 11 in the temperature following mode in advance, and the temperature history at that time is stored. An operator sets a deformation pattern obtained by deforming such a temperature history in terms of temperature and time, and forcibly adjusts the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 based on the deformation pattern. In such an experiment, various simulations for optimizing the fermentation pattern of the fermentation substance CO and optimizing the fermentation product can be performed, and various experimental results can be collected.

FIG. 3B is a graph conceptually illustrating the above temperature control. The temperature of the fermentation substance CO in the reaction vessel 11 that was at the temperature T1 at the time t1 is gradually increased to the temperature T2 at the time t2. The dashed line indicates the temperature history of the pseudo adiabatic test performed in advance.
The test is performed under the condition that the temperature of the fermentation substance CO is increased by T.

As another experiment, an arbitrary temperature rise pattern is set in consideration of the external conditions of the actual composting plant, and the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 is forcibly adjusted based on the temperature rise pattern. You can also. In such an experiment, a simulation that takes into account the environmental conditions of the actual plant becomes possible.

Hereinafter, control of gas supply to the reaction vessel 11 will be described. The temperature and the flow rate of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel 11 are appropriately adjusted by controlling the gas source 60 and the component addition device 62. For example, the moisture generated from the fermentation substance CO can be measured by adjusting the amount of moisture contained in the air or the like supplied to the reaction vessel 11 and measuring the amount of moisture in the exhaust gas by the gas analyzer 70. .
Similarly, the amount of absorbed oxygen, the amount of generated ammonia, and the like can be monitored. The gas supplied to the reaction vessel 11 is
It can be increased or decreased in a pulsed manner. This makes it possible to simulate the case where ventilation is performed by periodically supplying outside air in an actual composting plant or the like.

The temperature of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel 11 is realized by a gas temperature tracking mode realized by gas temperature tracking means, a gas temperature holding mode realized by gas temperature holding means, and a gas temperature forcing means. It is managed in three modes including a gas temperature forced mode. These operation modes are programmed in the main control device 90, and the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 can be controlled individually or in an appropriate combination according to an instruction of the operator.

In the gas temperature tracking mode, the temperature of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel 11 is sequentially changed according to the result of measuring the temperature of the fermentation substance CO in the reaction vessel 11. In the gas temperature holding mode, the temperature of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel 11 at a predetermined time and period is held at a desired temperature value. Further, in the gas temperature compulsory mode, the temperature of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel 11 is gradually changed from the temperature T1 to the temperature T2 at a desired rate between the time t1 and the time t2 designated in advance.

In the above-described gas temperature follow-up mode, the leakage of heat is eliminated, and the effect of pseudo heat insulation can be enhanced. Thereby, the heat balance in the reaction vessel 11 can be accurately measured. In addition, in the gas temperature holding mode or the gas temperature forced mode, the temperature of the supplied gas can be kept constant or changed to a desired temperature every moment. Temperature rise pattern can be set. In such an experiment, a simulation can be performed in consideration of environmental conditions of an actual plant or the like.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in order to adjust the temperature of the outer container 13, a Peltier element or a water jacket can be provided around the outer container 13 together with the heater 13a. in this case,
The temperature of the outer vessel 13 can be more freely adjusted, and the temperature of the reaction vessel 11 can be freely controlled.

[0048]

According to the small-sized test apparatus according to the first aspect,
The temperature follower not only changes the temperature of the outer container sequentially according to the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel, but also the temperature holding means adjusts the temperature of the outer vessel so that the fermentation in the reaction vessel can be performed at a predetermined time. Since the temperature of the body is maintained at a predetermined temperature, a constant value control test for maintaining the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time is performed, or the temperature follow-up means is used after such constant value control. A simulated adiabatic test can be performed.

According to the small-sized test apparatus of the second aspect, not only the temperature follow-up means changes the temperature of the outer vessel in accordance with the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel, but also the temperature forcing means comprises By adjusting the temperature, the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction vessel is gradually changed from the first temperature to the second temperature between the first time and the second time specified in advance, so that the fermented body in the reaction vessel is changed. Can be continuously changed from the first temperature to the second temperature with a desired curve. In other words, the reproducibility can be tested and the temperature pattern for optimizing the fermentation amount and the fermentation organism can be determined by using the temperature change curve obtained by performing the pseudo adiabatic test using the temperature following means.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the simulated adiabatic test in which the temperature following means sequentially changes the temperature of the outer vessel according to the temperature of the fermentation body in the reaction vessel, Since at least one of the temperature, the component, and the flow rate can be adjusted, the conditions of the gas supplied to the reaction vessel can be variously changed to determine the gas conditions for optimizing the fermentation amount and the fermentation organism. .

According to the small-sized test apparatus of the fourth aspect, in the pseudo adiabatic test, the thermal disturbance due to the gas supplied to the reaction vessel is reduced, and conditions closer to those of an actual composting plant or the like are set. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall structure of a small test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a detailed structure of a test apparatus main body constituting the small test apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of temperature control using the small test device of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Test apparatus main body 11 Reaction container 13 Outer container 13a Heater 13b Main body 15 Sealing member 15a Sampling window 17 Bottom plate member 19a Inlet part 19b Outlet part 20 Electronic balance 30 First thermometer 32 Thermometer driving device 40 Heater driving device 50 Second Thermometer 52 Thermometer driving device 60 Gas source 62 Component adding device 70 Gas analyzer 90 Main controller AR Air layer CO Fermentation material

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kaoru Shiiba 13 Okubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Nisshin Flour Milling Co., Ltd. Inside the Tsukuba Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Toshinori Kimura 2-25 Ekunokudai, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref. EA09 EB06 4H061 AA03 AA10 CC36 CC41 CC47 EE66 GG48 GG70

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A small-sized test apparatus comprising: a reaction vessel containing a fermented body; and an outer vessel for temperature control containing the reaction vessel separated by a gas layer, wherein the fermentation body in the reaction vessel is A temperature follower for sequentially changing the temperature of the outer container according to a temperature; and a temperature for maintaining the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction container at a predetermined time at a predetermined time by adjusting the temperature of the outer container. A small-sized test apparatus comprising: a holding unit. 2. A small-sized test apparatus comprising: a reaction vessel containing a fermented body; and an outer vessel for temperature control containing the reaction vessel separated by a gas layer, wherein the fermentation body in the reaction vessel is provided. A temperature following means for sequentially changing the temperature of the outer container according to the temperature; and adjusting the temperature of the outer container to adjust the temperature of the fermented body in the reaction container between a first time and a second time specified in advance. A small test apparatus comprising: temperature forcing means for gradually changing a temperature from a first temperature to a second temperature. 3. A small-sized test apparatus comprising: a reaction vessel for accommodating a fermented body; and an outer vessel for temperature control for accommodating the reaction vessel with a gas layer therebetween, wherein the fermentation body in the reaction vessel is provided. Temperature following means for sequentially changing the temperature of the outer container according to temperature; gas supply means for supplying a gas to the reaction vessel; and gas supply adjustment means for adjusting at least one of the temperature, component and flow rate of the gas. A small-sized test apparatus comprising: 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising gas temperature tracking means for controlling said gas supply adjusting means to sequentially change the temperature of gas supplied to said reaction vessel in accordance with the temperature of said fermented body in said reaction vessel. The small test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein