JP2002254407A - Method and apparatus for rotative machining - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus capable of machining an outer peripheral surface of a work in an optional shape without changing a direction of the work. SOLUTION: Cutters 52 and 53 are allowed to rotate by a rotary action of a drum 64 around a square column-like member 30, and an envelope curve of a rotary locus of a cutting edge is moved in a direction approaching its rotation axis Or or being separated therefrom in relation with a rotation angle θso as to form a shape of a handle at a rotation axis side. Then, by machining the square-column-like member 30 positioned near the rotation axis Or from a circumference during rotation of the cutters 52 and 53, the square-column-like member 30 can be processed from an optional direction without providing a plurality of the cutter 52 for machining one handle and distances from the rotation axis Or of the cutters 52 and 53 are changed in relation to the angle θ. Thereby, a peripheral surface of the square column-like member 30 can be machined into a required shape.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing method and a processing apparatus for processing an outer peripheral surface of a work with a rotary cutting tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the cutting of a workpiece using a rotary cutting tool in which a cutting edge provided on an outer peripheral portion is rotated about an axis, for example, the rotary cutting tools provided in a processing device are XY2 orthogonal to each other. By moving the workpiece in the axial direction or the XYZ three-axis directions, the surface of the work is cut and removed by the cutting edge. In such processing equipment, usually,
The rotary cutting tool is directed toward the workpiece from one direction. Therefore, when trying to cut a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the work that is difficult to cut from that direction, for example, the work is continuously or intermittently moved to an arbitrary axis so that the work surface is directed to the rotary cutting tool. It is rotated around to change its direction.

[0003]

However, in the processing of a large or long work, it is extremely difficult to change the direction of the work on a processing device, for example, to reverse the upper and lower surfaces, or In many cases, a large posture changing device is required. Therefore, in general, it is necessary to lower the work from the processing device and change the direction, and then mount the work on the processing device again, which has a problem that the processing efficiency is significantly reduced. For example, as described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 11-42607 filed by the applicant of the present invention, a plurality of bundles (sticks) are made of long prismatic wood with a handle (tenon). In the case of manufacturing by cutting in the form of being connected to each other,
Since the connecting portion has low strength, it is not possible to change the work surface by rotating the wood. In addition, if a plurality of rotary cutting tools are arranged around the work to constitute a device capable of processing from various directions, it is unnecessary to change the direction of the work, but in that case, with an increase in the number of tools, Along with an increase in the cost of the apparatus, there are problems that the processing apparatus becomes extremely large or the size of a work that can be processed is significantly restricted.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a processing method and a processing apparatus capable of cutting an outer peripheral surface into an arbitrary shape without changing the direction of a work. Is to provide.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the gist of the rotary processing method of the first invention is as follows. (A) The cutting edge is rotated around a predetermined rotation axis. A tool rotation step of rotating the rotary cutting tool around a predetermined rotation axis around the work held by the holding device, and (b) the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutting edge is on the rotation axis side And moving the rotary cutting tool toward or away from the rotation axis in relation to the rotation angle so as to form a predetermined shape.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the invention, the rotary cutting tool can be rotated around the work held by the holding device in the tool rotating step, while the rotation locus of the cutting edge in the tool separating step can be adjusted. The envelope is moved toward or away from the rotation axis in relation to the rotation angle so that the envelope forms a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side. Therefore, since the rotary cutting tool can be rotated around the work,
The workpiece can be machined from any direction without providing a plurality of rotary cutting tools in the processing device, and the distance of the rotary cutting tool from the rotation axis can be changed in relation to the rotation angle. As a result, the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutting edge has a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side, so that the outer peripheral surface of the work is cut into the predetermined shape. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface can be cut into an arbitrary shape without changing the direction of the work.

[0007]

The second object of the present invention is to provide a rotary machining apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention, in which (a) a work is cut by a cutting edge provided on an outer peripheral portion. A rotary cutting tool that is rotated around a predetermined rotation axis for cutting from the outer peripheral side, and (b) a tool that rotates the rotary cutting tool around a predetermined rotation axis around the work. A rotation device, (c) a rotation angle detection device for detecting a rotation angle of the rotary cutting tool, and (d) a tool separation device for moving the rotary cutting tool in a direction to approach or separate from the rotation axis. A contact moving device, and (e) for controlling the tool separation / contact moving device in relation to its rotation angle such that an envelope of a rotation locus of the cutting edge forms a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side. And a separation and movement control device.

[0008]

With this arrangement, the rotary cutting tool having the cutting edge on the outer peripheral portion and rotated around the axis can be rotated around the workpiece by the tool rotating device, and the tool can be separated. The tool is moved in a direction approaching or separating from the rotation axis by the contact movement device, and the tool separation movement device moves the rotation locus of the cutting edge in relation to the rotation angle detected by the rotation angle detection device. The separation / contact movement control device controls the envelope so as to form a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side. Therefore, since the rotary cutting tool can be rotated around the work, the work can be processed from any direction even if the processing device is not provided with a plurality of rotary cutting tools, and the rotation of the rotary cutting tool can be performed. By changing the distance from the axis of rotation in relation to the rotation angle,
Since the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutting edge has a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side, the outer peripheral surface of the work is cut into the predetermined shape. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface can be cut into an arbitrary shape without changing the direction of the work.

[0009]

In another preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, preferably, the separation / contact movement control device is arranged so that the rotation axis is adjusted so that the envelope of the rotation locus matches the shape of the workpiece after machining on the rotation axis side. A trajectory of the rotation axis to be drawn around the center is stored, and a position of the rotation axis with respect to the rotation angle on the trajectory with respect to the rotation angle is determined with the rotation axis as a reference point. The tool separating and moving device is controlled so as to be positioned above. With this configuration, the rotary cutting tool is moved in a direction approaching or separating from the rotation axis in relation to the rotation angle, so that the rotation axis is maintained on the track stored in advance. Therefore, the workpiece can be easily cut so as to obtain a desired cross-sectional shape.

[0010] Preferably, the predetermined shape is formed by a plurality of straight lines, and the separation / contact movement control device is configured to measure a distance from the rotation axis at a predetermined initial position to a rotation axis of the rotary cutting tool. When the distance is X0, the distance X from the rotation axis to the rotation axis at the rotation angle θ from the initial position is determined by the equation X = X0secθ. With this configuration, the trigonometric function is used based on the distance X0, that is, the value obtained by adding the radius of the rotary cutting tool to the distance from the rotation axis to the workpiece surface after cutting, and the rotation angle θ of the rotary cutting tool. The distance X, that is, the position of the rotation axis of the rotary cutting tool is determined, and the value is used to control the tool moving device. That is, when the predetermined shape, that is, the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the work after cutting is formed by a straight line,
Since the desired machining accuracy can be obtained even if the cutting point is shifted from a straight line passing through the rotation axis and the rotation axis if the rotation axis is moved in parallel with the straight line constituting the predetermined shape,
In this way, the moving of the rotary cutting tool can be easily controlled.

Preferably, the tool separating / moving device moves the rotary cutting tool linearly toward the rotation axis. With this configuration, since the rotary cutting tool is always moved on a straight line passing through the rotation axis, its position detection and position control are facilitated.

Preferably, the tool turning device includes the tool separating / moving device at an outer peripheral portion and a work carrying hole at a central portion through which the work enters and exits in the direction of the rotation axis. It is a rotating drum. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain a rotary processing apparatus that can easily cut the outer peripheral surface of a long work.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an entire bundle cutting apparatus 10 to which a rotary processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. The bundle cutting device 10 includes a work supply device 1
2, a pattern forming device 16, a plate conveyor 19, a positioning device 22, a code writing device 24, a bundle separation device 26, and an electronic control device 28 for controlling these. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a workpiece cut by the bundle cutting apparatus 10. The workpiece, that is, the prismatic member 30 is formed into a plurality of bundles 20 connected to each other at the end face of the handle 14 by cutting, and the bundles 20 are individually separated as necessary. The handle 14 has a contour in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the prism member 30 formed of a plurality of straight lines, that is, a rectangular shape. The prismatic member 30 handled by the bundle cutting device 10 has a total length of, for example, about 300 (mm) to 6000 (mm), and a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction has a side of 90 (mm).
It forms a square of about 150 (mm). In the present embodiment, the pattern forming device 16 corresponds to a rotary processing device.

Returning to FIG. 1, the work supply device 12
Is composed of a roller conveyor 32, a chain conveyor 34 installed beside the roller conveyor 32, a plurality of cylinder devices 36, and the like. Roller conveyor 3
2 transfers the prism member 30 in the right direction in the figure, that is, in the X direction, and supplies it to the pattern forming device 16. Further, the chain conveyor 34 transfers the prismatic member 30 in the upward direction in the figure toward the roller conveyor 32, that is, in the Y direction. Further, the cylinder device 36 moves the prism member 30 located at the end of the chain conveyor 34 on the roller conveyor 32 side onto the roller conveyor 32.

The roller conveyor 32 includes a plurality of rollers 38 driven by an electric motor (not shown).
A longitudinal reference member 42 fixed to form a reference surface 40 at a position in the Y direction of the prism member 30 on the roller conveyor 32, and a pneumatic cylinder (not shown) And a plurality of pressing members 44 that press against the reference surface 40 by an urging force such as described above. For this reason, the prismatic member 30 has a position in the Y direction defined by the reference plane 40 and a position in the Z direction perpendicular to the Y direction and the X direction and toward the near side from the paper. 38, one by one in the state defined by the surface contacting the upper side of the handle 38.
6.

The chain conveyor 34 has a plurality of, for example, four chain rotating devices 46 installed at equal intervals and in parallel with each other. Therefore, the longitudinal direction is Y
By rotating the chains of the respective chain rotating devices 46 substantially aligned in the same direction in synchronization, the plurality of prismatic members 30 placed on the respective chain rotating devices 46 are transported toward the roller conveyor 32. Is done. The transported prism 30 is stopped by a stopper (not shown) immediately before the roller conveyor 32, and is stopped there.

The cylinder device 36 includes a vertical cylinder 48 for moving the prism 30 in the Z direction, and a horizontal cylinder (not shown) for moving the vertical cylinder 48 in the Y direction. When the transfer of the prismatic member 30 located on the roller conveyor 32 to the pattern forming device 16 is completed, the prismatic member 30 that has been waiting in front of the chain conveyor 30 is instructed by the electronic control device 28 according to the instruction. From 34, it is moved onto the roller conveyor 32. That is, as described above, the chain conveyor 3
4, the prismatic member 30 stopped at the end on the roller conveyor 32 side is raised in the Z direction by a certain height by the vertical cylinder 48, and then the vertical cylinder 48 is moved by the horizontal cylinder (not shown). It is moved in the Y direction to the upper side of the roller conveyor 32, further lowered by the vertical cylinder 48, and placed on the roller conveyor 32. The constant height is a distance at which the prism member 30 can pass above the pressing member 44.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the pattern forming device 16 as viewed from the work supply device 12, and FIG.
5 is a side sectional view corresponding to a section taken along line BB in FIG. The left direction in FIG. 4 corresponds to the right direction in FIG. 1 described above, that is, the X direction in which the prismatic member 30 is transferred. In these figures, the handle forming device 16 is formed by, for example, an arm having a cutting edge at the tip protruding from the hub toward the outer periphery at 90 ° intervals into a frame 50 assembled so as to form a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. A pair of cutters (rotary cutting tools) 52, 5
3 and a first fixing device 56 and a second fixing device 58 for fixing the prismatic member 30 before and after the cutters 52 and 53 in the transport direction. In this embodiment, these fixing devices 5
6, 58 correspond to a holding device. The cutters 52, 5
3 has the same shape and has a short cylindrical cutting blade rotation locus, but in FIG. It is located at a position slightly separated from the work supply device 12 in the direction. The positional relationship in the longitudinal direction is such that the cutting edges 52a and 53a provided on the outer peripheral surface are located on substantially one plane at one end in the axial direction, and the cutting edges 52a and 53a The end face side in the axial direction on the side closer to is slightly larger in diameter. The large-diameter portion is used for forming a chamfered shape as shown in FIG.

The cutting device 54 rotates the pair of cutters 52 and 53 around, for example, a rotation axis Or substantially coincident with the center of a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the prism member 30. And a pair of linear movement mechanisms for moving each of the cutters 52 and 53 on the straight line passing through the rotation axis Or toward the inner circumferential side or the outer circumferential side. The separation / contact moving device and the cutters 52 and 53 are connected to the rotation axis Or.
And a pair of cutter rotation drive mechanisms for rotating around a rotation axis that is substantially parallel to the shaft.

The above-mentioned rotating mechanism is configured to move the upper and lower
A roll receiver 62 rotatably supporting a roll 60 about an axis substantially parallel to the rotation axis Or at each location; a drum 64 rotatably held about the rotation axis Or by the roll 60; And a servo motor 66 fixed above the frame 50 to rotate the drum 64. In FIG. 3, the servo motor 66 is omitted. The above-mentioned drum 64 has relatively large holes 6 at one center and two places around the drum (a total of three places).
A cylindrical portion is integrally provided around a disk-shaped portion having 8,70. The roll 60 is pressed against the cylindrical portion of the drum 64. The drum 64
On the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion, for example, a groove having a width dimension similar to the thickness dimension of the roll 60 is provided on the entire periphery thereof, and a part of the outer peripheral portion of the roll 60 is fitted into the groove. However, this groove was omitted. The center portion of the hole 68 is a carry-in hole for carrying the prism 30 into the processing position through the drum 64.

A ring gear 7 having the same diameter as the cylindrical portion is provided on the outer peripheral end face of the drum 64 on the bundle separating device 26 side.
2 is fixed by screws or the like. A speed reducer 74 is provided below the servo motor 66,
The ring gear 72 is in mesh with a spur gear 76 attached to the rotation shaft of the speed reducer 74. A belt 78 is wound between the rotation shaft of the servomotor 66 and the rotation shaft of the reduction gear 74 on the side opposite to the spur gear 76. Therefore, the rotation of the servomotor 66 is transmitted to the ring gear 72 and the drum 64 integrated therewith via the belt 78, the speed reducer 74, and the spur gear 76, so that the ring gear 72 and the drum 64 are rotated around the rotation axis Or. Be moved.
Note that the servo motor 66 has an encoder, and the rotation angle θ of the drum 64 is detected based on the number of rotations, and is sent to the control device 28.

In addition, the above-mentioned linear moving mechanism is configured to move the motor bracket 80 to the drum 64 perpendicular to the rotation axis Or.
A pair of LM guides 82 for guiding in a radial direction of the ball screw 84, a ball screw 84, and servo motors 88 and 89 for rotationally driving a shaft (screw shaft) 86 of the ball screw 84.
And so on. The above-mentioned LM guide 82 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5 in which a part of FIG. 4 is cut away, and FIG. 6 and the like in which a main part in FIG. 4 is enlarged to show a configuration of a linear moving mechanism, a rail 90 is fixed to the back surface of the drum 64 in FIG. Meanwhile, a slide 92 is fixed to the motor bracket 80. 5 and 6, only one servomotor 88 located on the upper side is shown. The ball screw 84 has a ball retainer 94 integrated with the motor bracket 80, but the shaft 86 has a bearing 96 mounted on the drum 64.
Thus, relative rotation with respect to the motor bracket 80 around the axis thereof is possible. A pulley 98 is attached to the upper end of the shaft 86 in FIG.
When the pulley 98 is rotated by the belt 100 wound between the shaft 8 and 89, the shaft 86 and the ball holder 94 are relatively rotated, so that the motor bracket 80 is guided by the LM guide 82. While moving, the drum 64 is moved to the inner peripheral side or the outer peripheral side. The servomotors 88 and 89 are also provided with an encoder and the like, and the rotation speed and direction thereof are extended.
1, X2 is detected and sent to the control device 28.

The cutter rotation drive mechanism is provided with a motor 10 mounted on the motor bracket 80.
2, 103 and a bearing device 104 for supporting the cutters 52 and 53 rotatably around a rotation axis parallel to the rotation axis Or, for example. Bearing device 104
Are attached to the motor bracket 80 described above. Therefore, the bearing device 104 and the cutter 5
The motors 2 and 53 are moved together with the motors 102 and 103 in the radial direction of the drum 64 by the linear moving mechanism. In other words, the cutters 52 and 53 are
The rotation axis can move in a direction orthogonal to r. Of the hole 68, a longitudinal portion other than the above-described central portion is provided with a hole 70 so that the bearing device 104 can be moved.
Are motors 102 and 103 that are moved accordingly
Are provided to enable the movement of the object. The rotating shaft 106 of the cutters 52 and 53 and the driving shaft 108 of the motors 102 and 103 have pulleys 1 respectively.
10 and 112 are fitted, and a belt 114 is wound between them, and the cutters 52 and 53 are
By rotating the drive shaft 108 at a constant speed, the drive shaft 108 is rotated around its axis. FIG.
5 and 6, the cutters 52 and 53 show the rotation locus of the cutting edge provided on the outer peripheral edge when the cutters 52 and 53 are rotated in this manner.

Although not shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the motors 88 and 8 attached to the drum 64 are not shown.
Cables for power supply and signal transmission / reception are connected to 9, 102, 103 and the like. Therefore, the drum 64
Cannot rotate in one direction, the rotation angle θ is limited to 360 ° or less, and the rotation direction is reversed every rotation.

In FIG. 4, the first fixing device 56 includes a vertical clamp cylinder 116 disposed above the roller conveyor 32, and a work piece below and slightly below the vertical clamp cylinder 116. And a horizontal clamp cylinder 120 mounted via a mounting member 118 suspended from the frame 50 at a position on the supply device 12 side. The prismatic member 30 is connected to the piston rod 12 of the vertical clamp cylinder 116.
2 is pressed against the roller 38 by a pressing member 124 attached to the tip of the second, and a pressing member 126 of a piston rod (not shown) of the horizontal clamp cylinder 120.
Is pressed toward the reference surface 40 of the reference member 42, so that the unprocessed portion is firmly fixed in a state where the positioning is performed in the X direction and the Y direction.

The second fixing device 58 also has a vertical clamp cylinder 128 and a horizontal clamp cylinder 130, and is constructed similarly to the first fixing device 56 described above. The processed part of the member 30 is firmly fixed. The pressing members 132 and 134 of the second fixing device 58 have the same length as the pressing member 12 of the first fixing device 56 in the longitudinal direction of the prismatic member 30.
4, 126 are longer. As shown in FIG. 2 described above, the bundle 20
Since the length of the handle 14 is short or has a portion connected at the end surface of the handle 14 having a small area, the portion can be securely fixed without being damaged.

Returning to FIG. 1, the positioning device 22
A positioning arm 136 having a long thin plate shape, a clamp cylinder 140 for driving the positioning arm 136 in a direction perpendicular to its longitudinal direction and parallel to the paper surface while being guided by a pair of guide rods 138, and the entire positioning device 22 And a pulse motor 142 for moving in the transfer direction corresponding to the longitudinal direction. At a position facing the positioning arm 136, a reference member 146 having a reference surface 144 facing the positioning arm 136 is provided. This positioning arm 136
During the cutting process for separating the bundles 20 individually, the piston rod (not shown) of the clamp cylinder 140 is protruded by being protruded, and is pushed forward to press the prism member 30 with the reference surface 146. Position. The above-described pulse motor 142 is for rotating a pinion (not shown) about its axis in order to move the entire positioning device 22 back and forth in the transport direction of the prism 30. The pinion is engaged with a rack (not shown) provided along the longitudinal direction of the prism member 30. Therefore, by rotating the pinion with the pulse motor 142, the positioning device 22 can be moved in the longitudinal direction and stopped at an arbitrary position.

The plate conveyor 19 is driven by a motor with a speed reducer (not shown). By controlling the pulses supplied to the motor, the rotation speed of the plate conveyor 19 and the transfer of the prismatic member 30 are controlled. Speed can be controlled.

Further, the code writing device 24 writes the code indicating the disposition position on the side face or the like of the plurality of bundles 20 formed in a state where they are interconnected by the pattern forming device 16 before separation. It is for. Sign writing device 24
Is provided with, for example, an ink jet printer, and the X of the prismatic member 30 by the second moving device 22 is
It is operated in synchronization with the movement in the direction, that is, the rotation of the pulse motor 142.

The bundle separating device 26 includes a handle cutting circular saw 148 which is driven to rotate by a motor (not shown) or the like and is moved in a substantially vertical direction to approach or separate from the prism 30. . The prismatic member 30 on which the handle 14 is formed by the handle forming device 16 is positioned by the positioning device 22.
The bundles 20 are separated from each other by being transferred toward the bundle separating device 26 while being positioned by the above, and being cut by the handle cutting circular saw 148 in a continuous portion between the handles 14.

The detailed structure of the plate conveyor 19, the positioning device 22, the code writing device 24, the bundle separation device 26, and the like are not necessary for understanding the present embodiment, and thus will be omitted. In addition, the pattern forming device 16 in the work transfer direction is used.
Before or after the above, a work moving device for transferring the work (the prismatic member 30) is appropriately provided, but this is not shown in FIG.

The electronic control unit 28 includes a CPU 150, a ROM 152, and a RAM 15 as shown in FIG.
4. A so-called microcomputer including an input / output port (not shown) and the like. As described below, based on the outputs of various sensors (not shown), using the RAM 154 in accordance with a program stored in the ROM 152 in advance, It controls the device 12, the first fixing device 56, the second fixing device 58, the handle forming device 16, the plate conveyor 19, the positioning device 22, the code writing device 24, the bundle separating device 26, and the like.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining the control function of the cutting device 54 of the pattern forming device 16, which is a main part of the operation of the electronic control device 28. The shape setting unit 156 inputs shape data to be processed, for example, X and Y coordinate data representing the cross-sectional shape of the pattern 14 formed by cutting, to the control device 28 before processing the prismatic member 30. It is for. On the other hand, after processing starts,
The rotation angle θ of the drum 64 sequentially captured (detected) by the encoder 172 functioning as a rotation angle detection device in the servo motor 66 and the encoders 174 and 176 in the servo motors 88 and 89 sequentially. Captured (detected) cutters 52, 5
Signals representing the positions X1 and X2 of No. 3 are sent to the control device 28. The position signals X1 and X2 represent, for example, the distance from the rotation axis Or to the rotation axis of the cutters 52 and 53, that is, the coordinates thereof.

Based on the detected rotation angle data θ and the cutter position data X 1 and X 2, the control device 28 cuts the prism 30 according to the value input by the shape setting device 156. , Drum 64
And a servo motor 88, 8 for rotating the ball screw 84 in the linear movement mechanism.
9 is controlled. However, in the above-described control, the rotation speed of the drum 64 is preferentially treated. In principle, while keeping the value constant, the rotation axes of the cutters 52 and 53 pass along a predetermined orbit. The distance of the rotation axis from the rotation axis Or is changed in accordance with the rotation angle θ. Thereby, the cutter 52,
The rotation trajectory of the cutting edge 53 is on the rotation axis Or side.
A shape corresponding to the data input to the shape setting unit 156 is formed. That is, the amount of change per scan of the CPU module from the position data X1 and X2 (pulse data) (that is, the amount to be changed in each signal read cycle to obtain the shape set as described above)
Is calculated, and as a result, the drum 6 of the cutters 52 and 53 is calculated.
4 to determine the moving speed in the radial direction. Further, the amounts of change of X1 and X2 with respect to the position command of the rotation angle θ are obtained by a function operation expression, and the position data is commanded. In the present embodiment, the control device 28 corresponds to a separation and movement control device.

The data processing as described above is performed when processing is performed while rotating the drum 64. For example, in the case of a shape having a portion where the cutting amount in the radial direction of the cutters 52 and 53 is large. The rotation of the drum 64 is stopped at a rotation angle at which the processing is required,
Only the linear movement mechanism needs to be operated appropriately.

The pattern forming apparatus 16 configured as described above
Is operated, for example, according to the timing chart shown in FIG. First, at time t1, when a work, that is, a prismatic member 30 is detected by a servo arm (not shown) provided on the work supply device 12 side,
The cylinder that closes the tip of the chuck provided at the tip of the servo arm is operated. Thereby, for example, one end of the prismatic member 30 is held by the chuck, and then the servo arm is advanced in the transfer direction of the workpiece from the pattern forming device 16 to the bundle separating device 26, whereby the prismatic member 30 is The part to be processed is located between the cutters 52 and 53 of the pattern forming apparatus 16.

At the following time t2, the forward movement of the servo arm is stopped, and the work clamp cylinders at the entrance and exit of the pattern forming device 16, that is, the cylinders 116, 1 of the first fixing device 56 and the second fixing device 58, are stopped.
20, 128, and 130 piston rods 122 and the like are protruded or advanced. Thereby, the first fixing device 56 and the second fixing device 58 securely fix the prism 30 at the processing position.
Simultaneously with the start of the fixing, the upper handle cutter and the lower handle cutter, that is, the cutters 52 and 53 are advanced toward the prism 30 while being rotated about their rotation axes. At this time, the rotation of the drum 64 is stopped, and the cutters 52 and 53 are advanced toward the rotation axis Or to the cutting depth at the initial position of the drum 64.

At time t3 when both the cutters 52 and 53 reach the cutting depth at the initial position, the rotation of the rotary unit, that is, the drum 64, in one direction is started while the rotation is continued. During the period up to time t4 when the drum 64 is rotated, the cutting process proceeds while the positions of the cutters 52 and 53 in the drum radial direction are changed in relation to the rotation angle θ as described above. In this embodiment, the drum 6
4 is rotated and the cutters 52 and 53 are changed in their radial positions to approach or separate from the rotation axis Or from time t3 to time t4. These two steps are performed simultaneously, corresponding to the step and the tool separation / contact movement step.

FIG. 9 shows a main part of the control operation of the electronic control device 28 during the time t3 to t4, that is, the cutting device 5.
4 shows an example of processing of a work cutting control routine of No. 4; First, in the rotation angle detection step 158, the rotation angle θ of the drum 64 from the initial position is detected based on the detection results of the motor rotation speed and the rotation direction sequentially detected by the encoder 172 of the motor 66. In the following inter-axis distance calculation step 160, the distance (inter-axis distance) between the rotation axis Or and the rotation axes of the cutters 52 and 53 is calculated by, for example, a trigonometric function equation.

The distance between the axes is calculated, for example, based on the positional relationship between the movement of the cutter 52 and the prism 30 during cutting as shown in FIG. In the figure, the rotation locus of the cutter 52 at the initial position of the drum 64 is indicated by a solid line, and thereafter, the positions of the rotation locus sequentially moved with the rotation of the drum 64 are indicated by a plurality of dashed lines. In the figure, X1n (n = 0,
1, 2,...) Represent the rotational axis position of the cutter 52 detected by the encoder 174, and the rotational axis O
Assuming that the position of r is a reference point (zero point), the distance between the axes is equal to the coordinate X1n of the rotation axis. This value is
It is also a value obtained by adding the radius of the cutter 52 to the distance from the rotation axis Or to the work surface 162 formed. The initial position X10 of the rotation axis is determined, for example, so as to pass through the rotation axis Or and to be perpendicular to the processing surface 162 formed by cutting. Therefore, when the rotation axis of the cutter 52 by being rotated by θ from its initial position and is moved to the X1 _1, same distance to the pivot axis Or is given by X1 ₁ = X1 ₀ secθ . In other words, when forming the pattern 14 in which the surface to be processed 162 is flat as shown in the figure, the envelope X is moved by moving the rotation axis X1 of the cutter 52 in parallel with the surface to be processed 162. since the may be a straight line, setting the initial position as described above, it will be able to calculate the position of the rotation axis X1 _n by a simple trigonometric formulas.

[0042] In the subsequent displacement amount calculation step 164, the amount of displacement required to position the rotation axis to X1 ₁ as described above,
That this displacement to determine the moving distance by rotating the motor 88, the difference between the calculated axial distance and current computed axial distance just before, for example, △ X1 = X1 ₁
-X1 is _0. Then, a reference speed command set value calculation step 1
At 66, a reference speed command set value is calculated by multiplying the difference ΔX1 by a constant C calculated by [C = (feed forward value) / (speed scaling constant)]. The motor 88 for linearly moving the cutter 52 in the radial direction is controlled by such a reference speed command set value. That is, the drum 64 of the cutter 52
Is controlled in speed by changing the rotation speed of the motor 88.

However, the rotational axis position X of the cutter 52 is sequentially detected while the drum 64 is rotating, and the rotational speed of the motor 88 is sequentially corrected based on the actual position.
That is, the current position data X is acquired in the position correction setting step 168, and the above-described distance calculation process 160 to reference speed command set value calculation step 166 at the rotation angle θ at that time are executed based on the value. By doing
The cutter 52 is moved while the linear movement speed is constantly corrected. In short, the position of the cutter 52 is controlled by the drum 6
4 (rotary unit) makes one rotation, the rotation angle θ at each time point is used as position information, and a value input in advance is calculated in a numerical control (NC) processing device, and the position is calculated in real time. This is performed while performing the correction and the speed correction.

The movement of the cutter 52 in the radial direction of the drum 64 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 10 described above, after the rotation axis is moved along a straight line along the processing surface 162, The traveling direction is bent at a right angle so as to move on a straight line along the processing surface 170 to be formed. When the moving direction changes at a right angle in this manner, the rotation trajectory of the cutter 52 is located on a straight line passing through the processing surface 170. Therefore, strictly speaking, the rotation trajectory of the cutter 52 is not always located on the outer peripheral surface of the handle 14, and
Subsequently, at an intermediate stage in which the process proceeds to the cutting of the work surface 170, the work once breaks from the outer peripheral surface. However, considering the shape of the envelope of the rotation trajectory on the rotation axis side, a portion deviating from the outer circumference of the handle 14 as described above is located on the outer circumference of the envelope, and thus is seen as a whole. If
The cutter 52 is moved so that the envelope of the rotation locus follows the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the handle 14. As is clear from FIG. 10, in the present embodiment, the contour of the section to be cut in the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the prismatic member 30 is the processing surface 162 in the cross section,
It is composed of a plurality of straight lines constituting the outer periphery such as 170.

Although only the operation of the cutter 52 is described with reference to FIG. 10, it is provided at a position on the opposite side of the cutter 52 with respect to the rotation axis Or in the radial direction of the drum 64. Similarly, the position of the cutter 53 in the radial direction is changed in relation to the rotation angle θ. However, as described above, the cutters 52 and 53 are arranged such that their positions in the axial direction are slightly separated from each other. Two handles 14 are provided between the plurality of bundles 20 formed from the prismatic members 30. As shown in FIG. 2, the two handles 14 are provided.
The shape of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the prismatic member 30 is not necessarily the same in the circumferential direction. In addition, between the handles 14, an inclined surface that becomes a chamfer when the bundle 20 is separated is provided. Therefore, two cutters 5
2 and 53 respectively extend around the entire periphery of the prismatic member 30 by 360.
By being rotated, one and the other of the two handles 14 located between the bundles 20 are independently processed. As a result, the two surfaces of the prismatic member 30 are simultaneously cut by the two cutters 52 and 53 so that the two handles 14 are simultaneously formed during one rotation of the drum 64. Become.

Returning to FIG. 8, at time t4, the cutters 52 and 53, that is, the positions of the upper handle cutter and the lower handle cutter when they are not machined, for example, the cross section of the prism 30 as shown in FIG. It is retracted to a position off the top. Then, when the retreat is completed at time t5, the cylinders 116 and 128 of the first fixing device 56 and the second fixing device 58 are successively set within a period until time t6.
And the like (inlet / outlet work clamp cylinder) are retracted, and the fixed state of the prismatic member 30 is released. Thereafter, when the servo arm is moved forward again, the prism 30 is moved in the transfer direction (X direction) by a distance corresponding to the length of the bundle 20 to be subsequently formed. A similar operation is repeated. Prismatic member 30
In this way, the pattern 14 is sequentially cut while being transferred intermittently in its longitudinal direction,
The plurality of bundles 20 as shown in FIG. 2 are formed in a connected shape. At the end of one processing, the drum 64 is always in the initial position (rotation angle θ = 0).
And the cutters 52 and 53 are also returned to the initial positions furthest away from the rotation axis Or, and the next processing is always started from the initial position.

As described above, according to the pattern forming apparatus 16 of the present embodiment, the cutters 52 and 53 operate at times t3 to t4.
In the tool rotation process, the periphery of the prismatic member 30 fixed by the first fixing device 56 and the second fixing device 58 is rotated by the rotation of the drum 64, while the cutters 52 and 53 are rotated in the tool separation process. The controller 28 controls the control device 28 in a direction approaching or separating from the rotation axis Or in relation to the rotation angle θ so that the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutting edge forms the shape of the handle 14 on the rotation axis side. Motor 8 to be controlled
It is moved by the rotation operation of 8, 89. Therefore, the cutters 52 and 53 are rotated around the rotation axis, and during the rotation, the prismatic member 30 located near the rotation axis is processed from the periphery. The prismatic member 30 can be machined from any direction without providing a plurality of cutters 52, and the distance X of the cutters 52 and 53 from the rotation axis Or is related to the rotation angle θ. Is changed so that the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutting edge forms the shape of the handle 14 on the rotation axis Or side.
Is cut into its shape. Therefore, the pattern 14 can be continuously cut without changing the direction of the prism member 30.

In this embodiment, the handle 14 formed by cutting has a cross-sectional shape formed by a plurality of straight lines, and the control device 28 determines from the rotation axis Or at the initial position θ = 0 °. when the distance to the rotation axis of the cutter 52 and 53 was set to X1 _0, the distance X1 from the pivot axis Or in the rotational angle θ from its initial position to its rotational axis, wherein X1 = X1 ₀ It is determined by secθ. Therefore, the cutters 52 and 53 are set at the distance X _0, that is, the distance from the rotation axis Or to the work surfaces 162 and 170 after cutting.
The distance X, that is, the position of the rotation axis X of the cutters 52 and 53 is determined using a trigonometric function from the value obtained by adding the radius of the motor 88 and the rotation angle θ.
9 is controlled. That is, in the case where the outer peripheral surface shape of the workpiece after cutting is formed by a straight line like the handle 14, if the rotation axis X is moved in parallel to the straight line, the rotation axis Or and the rotation axis Even if the cutting point is displaced from a straight line passing through the center X, a desired processing accuracy can be obtained, so that the linear movement of the cutters 52 and 53 can be easily controlled.

In this embodiment, the cutter 52,
Since the configuration is such that the 53 is moved linearly toward the rotation axis Or, the position detection and position control thereof are easy.

In the above embodiment, the cutters 52 and 53 are controlled so as to move linearly with respect to the prism 30 in order to form the handle 14 having a rectangular cross section. Since 53 can be rotated around the prism 30 and moved in the radial direction passing through the center of rotation, if the position in the radial direction is changed in relation to the rotation angle θ, The trajectory of the position X of the rotation center and the envelope of the rotation trajectory of the cutter draw an arbitrary shape. For example, it is also possible to form an arbitrary pattern 14 having a cross section of a circle, an ellipse, or various polygons.

In such a case, for example, in the above-described distance calculation process 160 in FIG. 9, the shape of the surface to be formed is set such that the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutters 52 and 53 is drawn. Then, the trajectory to be drawn of the rotation axis corresponding thereto is input (stored) in the control device 28 in advance.
Then, an intersection between the straight line passing through the rotation axis and the contour of the surface to be processed is calculated according to the detected rotation angle θ,
Alternatively, by reading out the value of X corresponding to the detected rotation angle θ stored in advance as coordinate data related to the rotation angle θ, the motor 88 is moved so that the cutters 52 and 53 are positioned at that position. , 89 may be controlled.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention can be implemented in other embodiments.

For example, in the embodiment, the prismatic member 30 for manufacturing the bundle 20 by the rotary processing apparatus of the present invention is used.
Although the present invention is applied to the (wood) pattern forming apparatus 16, it can be similarly used for processing wood for manufacturing other structural materials. Also, by appropriately changing the shape, material, and the like of the cutters 52 and 53, the present invention is similarly applied to metal, resin, and other processing.

Further, in the embodiment, the rotary processing device is applied to the bundle cutting device 10 for processing a partial portion while intermittently transferring a long workpiece in the longitudinal direction. The present invention is similarly applied to the processing of a work that does not involve the above, and even when it is difficult to change the orientation of the work, it is possible to obtain the same effect that any surface can be processed.

Although the handle forming apparatus 16 of the embodiment is provided with a pair of cutters 52 and 53, the number of the cutters, that is, the number of the rotary cutting tools is appropriately determined according to the processing mode and the desired processing efficiency. Be changed. For example, if a further pair of cutters whose positions in the axial direction are matched with the cutters 52 and 53 are added, the necessary rotation angle of the drum 64 can be halved to 180 ° in the processing mode as in the embodiment. Process efficiency can be further improved. Conversely, as long as there is no problem in processing efficiency, processing shape, or the like, only one cutter provided on the drum 64 may be used.

In the embodiment, the cutters 52, 5
Although 3 is configured to be linearly movable toward the rotation axis Or, the moving direction may be deviated from the rotation axis Or, and the moving direction may be shifted in a curved manner with respect to the drum 64. Is also good.

Further, in the embodiment, the cutters 52 and 53 whose rotation axis direction is parallel to the rotation axis direction are provided on the drum 64, but the rotation axis direction is appropriately determined according to the processing form. Can be changed.

Although not specifically exemplified, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a bundle cutting apparatus provided with a pattern forming apparatus as one embodiment of a rotary processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a bundle cut by the bundle cutting device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line A- in FIG. 1 for explaining the pattern forming apparatus.
It is a figure corresponding to A section.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a linear moving mechanism by enlarging a main part of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a main part of a control function of the electronic control device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a timing chart for explaining a main part of the operation of the pattern forming apparatus.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a main part of the operation of the pattern forming apparatus.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a prismatic member and a cutter during cutting.

[Description of Signs] 16: Pattern forming device 28: Electronic control device (separation / contact movement control device) 30: Prismatic member (work) 52, 53: Cutter (rotary cutting tool) {64: Drum, 66: Servo motor} (Tool rotating device) ｛82: LM guide, 84: Ball screw, 88: Servo motor｝ (separating / moving device) 172: Encoder (rotating angle detecting device)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A tool for rotating a rotary cutting tool in which a cutting edge provided on an outer peripheral portion is rotated around a predetermined rotation axis around a predetermined rotation axis around a work held by a holding device. Rotating the tool so that the rotary cutting tool approaches or separates from the rotation axis in relation to the rotation angle so that the envelope of the rotation locus of the cutting edge forms a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side. And a step of moving the tool in and out of the direction of rotation. 2. A rotary cutting tool which is rotated around a predetermined rotation axis so as to cut a work from an outer peripheral side thereof with a cutting edge provided on an outer peripheral portion; A tool rotation device for rotating around a predetermined rotation axis, a rotation angle detection device for detecting a rotation angle of the rotary cutting tool, A tool separating and moving device for moving in a direction in which the tool is separated from the tool, the tool separating and moving device being related to a rotation angle thereof such that an envelope of a rotation locus of the cutting edge forms a predetermined shape on the rotation axis side. A rotary processing device, comprising: 3. The rotary machining apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the tool moving device moves the rotary cutting tool linearly toward the rotation axis.