JP2002253073A - Fungus of lentinus edodes sing. and fruit body of lentinus edodes sing. - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a fungus of Lentinus edodes Sing. having a short period from inoculation of a spawn to formation of a fruit body and high productivity without requiring growing operation to grow the fruit body and to provide a technique of cultivating and culturing the fungus. SOLUTION: This new fungus of the Lentinus edodes Sing. has an external stimulation-independent fruit body-forming ability and a short nutrient growth period.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shiitake mushroom having an industrially useful temperament and belongs to a shiitake cultivation technique.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Shiitake mushrooms, which are widely consumed in the market because of their good flavor and aroma, are widely used in the market. The culture has been shifted to fungal bed cultivation by inoculating shiitake mushroom inoculum on the medium formed by adding nutrients and the like to sawdust. In order to generate a long fruiting body, a generating operation for giving a low-temperature stimulus suited to the characteristics of the variety is indispensable.

[0003] In view of the present situation, the inventor of the present invention has intensively studied and considered the use of the properties and substrates of Shiitake mushrooms as a means for increasing the productivity of shiitake cultivation and culture techniques.
Under the assumption that some of the shiitake mushrooms, which are wild strains collected all over the country held by the applicant, have properties that will solve them, regarding the stored strains, When its characteristics were examined,
The inventors of the present invention found that Shiitake mushrooms collected from Shimomasawa, Shimomori village, Kamioi-gun, Iwate prefecture, had an external stimulus-independent fruiting body-forming ability and a short vegetative life, and completed the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shiitake mushroom which has a very short period from inoculation of a seed fungus to formation of fruiting bodies.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a shiitake bacterium which forms a fruiting body in conventional shiitake mushroom cultivation without giving a stimulus such as a low-temperature stimulus essential for generating fruiting bodies. Things.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the Shiitake bacterium of the present invention is characterized by having an ability to form an external stimulus-independent fruiting body.

[0007] The invention described in claim 2 of the present invention is a shiitake mushroom characterized by having a short vegetative growth period.

[0008] The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is a shiitake mushroom having the ability to form an external stimulus-independent fruiting body and having a short vegetative growth period.

The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is a novel shiitake mushroom MIL-LEW-H13-1 (deposit number: FERM P-18234).

[0010] Furthermore, an invention according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is a shiitake mushroom body obtained by cultivating the shiitake mushroom of the above invention.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The Shiitake fungi of the present invention have been found by culturing strains collected from various parts of the country. Specifically, Shiitake mushrooms inoculated on a sawdust medium are transformed into a fruiting body The temperature is 25 ° C., the humidity is 55 to 65%, and the light irradiation is 1 without applying low-temperature stimulus, water treatment such as flooding or water sprinkling, or external stimulus such as impact, which is usually performed to generate a group.
By culturing the cells several times a day for about 10 minutes / time, the characteristics and substrate of the bacteria were measured.

The Shiitake mushroom of the present invention has been found by the above measurement to have the characteristic of being able to form a fruiting body independent of external stimuli, which was not observed at all in conventional Shiitake mushrooms. In contrast, the normal shiitake bacterium requires 70 days or more as a period from the inoculation of the inoculum to the formation of fruiting bodies (long vegetative period), whereas the shiitake bacterium of the present invention requires about 40 days, more specifically Is 45
It was also recognized that the vegetative cultivation had a very short period of time, ie, less than one day.

The shiitake mushroom belonging to the present invention is referred to as L
entinula edodes MIL-LEW-H
13-1H44, deposited with the Institute of Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, and given the deposit number FERM P-18234.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments. The shiitake fungi used for comparison were FMC2 and FMC29, which were distributed by the National Institute for Forest Research, which is a national research and research institute, and A-567, which was purchased from Akiyama Seed Laboratories, Inc.

<Cultivation Test I> 150 g of sawdust medium (Bunaoga: corn bran = 4: 1 (mass ratio), water content 65% (mass ratio)) in a 300 ml Mericlon flask.
And inoculated with Shiitake mushroom, temperature 25 ° C, humidity 55
Cultured at ~ 65%. The light was irradiated several times a day at a rate of about 10 minutes (approximately that light was applied when the cell was turned on when the cell was turned on). No operation for giving a stimulus such as watering or lowering the culture temperature was performed. The test number was 20, and the time point when the umbrella and handle of the fruiting body could be clearly distinguished was defined as the fruiting body formation date, the number of days from the inoculation date was measured, and the results are summarized in Table 1. The incidence of fruiting bodies was 85%, and the average number of days when 17 fruiting bodies occurred was 40.76 ± 1.09. In addition, FMC2 and A-567 did not show formation of fruit body primordium under the above conditions.

[0016]

[Table 1]

<Cultivation Test II> 150 g of sawdust medium (Bunaoga: corn bran = 4: 1 (mass ratio), water content 65% (mass ratio)) in a 300 ml Mericlon flask.
, And inoculated with shiitake mushroom hypha (precultured on a PDA agar medium), and cultured at 25 ° C in the dark. After culturing for 40 days, 60 days, and 80 days, the strain was taken out from the four flasks and transferred to an artificial weather device (Nippon Medical Chemical Co., Ltd.).
(2 hours / day). The number of buds generated is as shown in Table 2, and the observation results are as follows.

<MIL-LEW-H13-1> Culture 40
Three to eight buds (bearing body primordia) were formed per day, and these grew to normal fruiting bodies. Although the morphology was buncho (strain-like development), the number of buds decreased on 60 days of culture as compared with the case of 40 days, but normal mushrooms appeared. In addition, 80 days of culture were not performed.

<FMC2> No fruiting body primordium was observed in any of the culture days.

<A-567> On the 40th day of culture, even if the fruit body primordium was formed, the fruit body did not grow. Culture 60
In the day, although a small number of buds grew to fruiting bodies, they were malformed mushrooms that could not be opened by an umbrella. At 80 days in culture, a few sprouts have grown into normal fruiting bodies.

[0021]

[Table 2]

<Cultivation Test III> Bunaoga and Tempak (nutritional body; registered trademark of Mori Sangyo Co., Ltd.) are 4: 1 by mass.
When the 1.3 kg bacterial bed adjusted to 63-65% in water was cultivated by air conditioning at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 60-70%, it spread in 40 days and did not give a low-temperature irritation. On the 50th day, mushrooms having a diameter of about 2 cm were formed. Tested on 10 bacterial beds, the incidence was 100%,
The location of the mushrooms was mainly in the sub-shoulder part of the bed.

After culturing a commercially available strain (Mori Sangyo Co., Ltd .: Yuyu, Marumaru) under the same conditions for 90 days, remove it from the culture bag, further cultivate it for 180 days, and perform a development operation (low temperature stimulation). The yield was about 480 g.

<Mycelium growth test> Each strain was subjected to Difco (Di)
fco) potato dextrose agar (PD
A) was inoculated in a place where it was poured into a Ryan tube, allowed to stand at a temperature of 25 ° C. for one week, and then measured for elongation of mycelia for 10 days, and the results are shown in Table 3. The unit in Table 3 is cm / 1
Day 0.

[0025]

[Table 3]

[0026]

The shiitake mushroom of the present invention has an ability to form a fruiting body independent of external stimuli and a shortened fruiting body formation period, and therefore greatly improves the productivity of shiitake cultivation and culture techniques.

Usually, in order to form fruiting bodies, it is necessary to apply low-temperature stimulus, water treatment such as flooding or water sprinkling, and external stimulus such as impact. However, such an operation is omitted by using this shiitake bacterium. Yes, and normal Shiitake fungi
When cultivating on a fungal bed, the fruiting body formation requires 70 days or more, whereas the shiitake fungi of the present invention form fruiting bodies around 40 days ago. Is very short, so that productivity can be significantly improved.

Further, utilizing such new characteristics,
By crossing with a conventionally known shiitake fungus, it has become possible to breed a new shiitake mushroom species having new properties and characteristics.

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2B030 AA05 AB02 AD06 AD20 CA09 CD28 4B065 AA71X AC20 BA22 CA41 CA53

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A Shiitake bacterium having an ability to form an external stimulus-independent fruit body. 2. A shiitake bacterium having a shortened fruiting body formation period. 3. A shiitake bacterium having an external stimulus-independent body formation ability and a shortened body formation period. 4. A novel Shiitake mushroom MIL-LEW-H1
3-1 (Accession number FERM P-18234). 5. A shiitake mushroom body obtained by cultivating the shiitake mushrooms according to claim 1.