JP2002192115A - Garbage treatment method and fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treatment method for garbage or the like and to provide a fertilizer by dissolving garbage or the like with a strong acid, neutralizing the garbage, decomposing the resulting garbage by microorganism, and finally carrying out steam evaporation by high temperature thermochemical reaction to obtain a pure white powder in a garbage treatment tank. SOLUTION: The treatment method for garbage or the like is carried out by storing garbage in a garbage treatment tank after pulverization of the garbage, adding a prescribed amount of hydrochloric acid, heating to a prescribed temperature, stirring the garbage to decompose organic substances by the strong acid, acceleratedly produce a fluidizing decomposed product, and promote steam evaporation, discharging the generated steam out of the treatment tank to promote volume decrease, and successively adding a strong alkali containing no chlorine to make the resulting garbage mixture neutral or weakly alkaline, and next adding and mixing a powder of quicklime to cause high temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove high heat steam and produce a fine powder with pure white color subjected to the thermal decomposition, complete disinfection, dewatering, and volume decrease in the garbage treatment tank and recovering the powder outside the tank.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for dissolving garbage and the like with a strong acid, neutralizing the garbage, decomposing the bacterium into microorganisms, and finally vaporizing the garbage by a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to form pure white fines in the garbage processing tank. The present invention relates to a method for obtaining garbage, a method for obtaining powder, and a fertilizer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional garbage processing apparatus,
(1) Recycling-type first garbage processing equipment that turns residue into a compost by decomposing garbage by effective microorganisms such as EM bacteria and reducing the volume to about one-fifth, and (2) garbage A second recycling garbage processing device that dissolves germs with high-temperature and high-pressure steam, mixes the effective microorganisms such as EM bacteria with EM ceramics, decomposes them, and reduces the volume to about one-tenth. Kaihei 08-192136), and (3) a recycle-type third garbage disposal device that uses the residue that is heated and agitated to promote drying and dehydration and reduces the volume to about one-tenth as fertilizer, (4) Recycle garbage by oxidation, sterilization and liquefaction to separate it into leachate and residue, separate the residue into leachate and pomace, gasify the leachate to produce fuel, and heat sterilize pomace to recycle as fertilizer 4th garbage processing device (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-10460)
4), and (5) a biodegradable (woody shard that has propagated microorganisms) mixed with garbage and decomposed into water, carbon dioxide, etc. in 8 to 48 hours to leave no residue and the fifth (6) Add lime to garbage and stir to pyrolyze it for one week, add effective bacteria, stir and compress to make fertilizer, etc. (7) mechanically crushing garbage to 10 mm or less to form a slurry, adding slaked lime and film-treated quick lime to the slurry, stirring and mixing, 7th garbage processing equipment that evaporates water to dry and reduce the volume of water (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 06-263573 and 07-303874)
And (8) an eighth garbage processing apparatus for mechanically crushing garbage into granules, adding quicklime, stirring and mixing, evaporating water with heat of reaction to dry and reduce volume (Japanese Patent Application No. 06 -263573, Japanese Patent Application No. 06-007763, Japanese Patent Application No. 09-243262: Japanese Patent Application No. 09-001103) and (9) A treatment agent that mixes quicklime, shellfish flour, and plant meal in garbage. A ninth garbage processing device (Japanese Patent Application No. 09-103753) that adds, stirs and mixes, evaporates water with the heat of reaction to dry and reduce the volume, and (10) adds quicklime to exhausted blood of livestock and the like. And a device for treating the exhausted blood of livestock etc. (Japanese Patent Application No. 06-305870), which is dried, reduced in volume and granulated by evaporating the water with the heat of reaction and drying, and (11) bacterial alkali It is necessary to decompose the lettuce with garbage under aerobic conditions at 27 to 32 ° C for a few days, during which time it does not generate putrefactive odor and promotes significant weight reduction and remains. Method of processing garbage such as incinerating Jo of the solids (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-117233),
Etc.

[0003]

The processing of garbage and the like often involves burning at 800 ° C. for a long time. Glaciers have receded, the sea level has risen steadily, and drift ice has been decreasing year by year.
In a global environment where one-fifth of the Kanto region will be submerged below sea level when the temperature of the earth rises by 2 ° C in 10 years, the generation of carbon dioxide by incineration of garbage contributes to global warming. In addition, heating with a heater, high-temperature high-pressure steam, or the like consumes earth resources, and cannot be said to be environmentally friendly. From this viewpoint, the second and third garbage processing apparatuses are not preferable.

[0004] The above-mentioned first garbage processing apparatus is an EM.
Disadvantages are that the running cost of effective microorganisms such as bacteria is high, the residue is not clean, it adheres dirty to the container, it is necessary to treat the dirty decomposition solution, and the odor comes out when throwing garbage. is there. This disadvantage also exists in the above-mentioned second garbage processing apparatus. The above-mentioned third garbage processing apparatus also has a disadvantage that the residue is not clean.

[0005] The above-mentioned fourth garbage processing apparatus has disadvantages in that the system becomes a large plant, the facility cost is extremely high, the installation space for the apparatus is extremely large, and the processing takes a long time.

[0006] The fifth garbage processing apparatus described above completely decomposes garbage, so that it is not necessary to dispose of the residue. Therefore, the garbage is not thrown away and the earth is not polluted. Because it cannot be recycled and emits a large amount of carbon dioxide, it cannot be said that it is environmentally friendly. In addition, an expensive biochip is required, and the running cost is high.

[0007] The above-mentioned sixth garbage disposal apparatus requires expensive and effective bacteria, running costs are high, and the compressed fertilizer as the residue is not clean, and the bagged packaging is clean. I can't.

In the seventh, eighth, ninth, and tenth garbage processing apparatuses, the fertilizer that is the residue is not clean, and the bag packaging cannot be performed cleanly.

The eleventh method for treating garbage and the like requires a considerable number of days for decomposition, necessitates incineration of the residue, and is not environmentally friendly because garbage, which should be a resource, cannot be recycled. I can't say.

[0010] The present invention provides a method for dissolving, sterilizing, evaporating water, and removing garbage without using a disinfectant such as a chemical.
It can reduce the volume by about 1/5, dissolve garbage, deodorize, sterilize, evaporate water, reduce the volume, and handle the residue safely and clean like potato starch. It can be used as a pure white fine powder that can be easily bagged and packed cleanly, and it can be very effectively reused as fertilizer for paddy fields and upland fields with reduced soil strength. It is intended to provide.

[0011]

The above object is achieved by the following means. (1) Garbage and the like are finely divided and stored in a garbage processing tank, a required amount of strong acid containing no chlorine is added, heated to a required temperature and agitated, and the garbage and the like are decomposed with a strong acid to decompose organic matter and flowable. Generates and promotes products, promotes steam evaporation by heating, discharges steam out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction and deodorizes, and then mixes with a strong alkali containing no chlorine to neutralize Or weakly alkaline, and then mixed and stirred quicklime powder to cause a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove high-temperature steam, causing thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction. A method for treating garbage or the like, wherein pure white fine powder is generated in a garbage processing tank and collected outside the garbage processing tank. (2) Garbage and the like are finely divided and stored in a garbage processing tank, a required amount of a strong acid containing no chlorine is added, heated to a required temperature and stirred, and the garbage and the like are decomposed with a strong acid to decompose organic substances with a fluidity. Generates and promotes products, promotes steam evaporation by heating, discharges steam out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction and deodorizes, and then mixes with a strong alkali containing no chlorine to neutralize It is returned to a weak alkalinity and the temperature of the fluid decomposition product in the garbage disposal tank is adjusted to a temperature suitable for bacteria, and a bacterial carrier is introduced to propagate the bacteria and promote the decomposition of microbial organic substances. The steam is discharged out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction, and then the lime powder is mixed and agitated to cause a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove the high-temperature steam. Decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration and volume reduction A method for treating garbage or the like, characterized in that pure white fine powder produced is generated in a garbage processing tank and collected outside the garbage processing tank. (3) Garbage and the like are stored in the garbage disposal tank in the form of fine granules, and a bacterial carrier is put into the garbage, heated to a temperature suitable for the bacteria, stirred, and the bacteria are propagated to promote microbial organic matter decomposition. ,
Add a required amount of strong acid which does not contain chlorine and decompose organic matter by the strong acid to generate and promote flowable decomposed product, and also to promote steam evaporation by heating and discharge steam out of garbage disposal tank to reduce volume. Accelerate and deodorize, then add strong alkali not containing chlorine and stir and mix to return to neutral or weak alkalinity, then mix quicklime powder and stir to generate high-temperature thermochemical reaction, It completely separates and removes water vapor, generates pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction in the garbage disposal tank, and collects it outside the garbage disposal tank. How to process garbage. (4) Garbage and the like are finely divided and stored in a garbage processing tank, and a bacterial carrier is put into the garbage and heated to a temperature suitable for bacteria and stirred to propagate the bacteria and promote the decomposition of microbial organic matter. ,
Add a required amount of strong acid which does not contain chlorine and decompose organic matter by the strong acid to generate and promote flowable decomposed product, and also to promote steam evaporation by heating and discharge steam out of garbage disposal tank to reduce volume. Accelerate and deodorize, then mix strong alkali not containing chlorine, return to neutral or weak alkalinity, put the fluid decomposed product in the garbage disposal tank at a temperature suitable for bacteria, and put the bacterial carrier To promote the decomposition of microbial organic matter, and during this time, to promote the evaporation of water vapor by heating, discharge the water vapor out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction, and then mix the powder of quick lime. Stirring causes a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove high-temperature steam,
A method for treating garbage, wherein pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction is generated in a garbage processing tank and collected outside the garbage processing tank. (5) A fertilizer comprising a white fine powder produced by any of the above-mentioned methods for treating garbage and the like.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred example of an apparatus for treating garbage and the like for carrying out the method for treating garbage and the like according to the first to fourth aspects of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a garbage disposal tank 1
Has a closed structure in which a lid plate 1b is placed on the processing tank main body 1a and tightened with bolts. The treatment tank main body 1a is a cylindrical container, and is particularly made of high-grade stainless steel (SUS316) having excellent corrosion resistance.
Etc.), made of an acid and heat resistant material such as titanium steel. The lid plate 1b is made of the same material as the processing tank body 1a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stirring shaft 2 supported at both ends at the center of the bottom surface of the processing tank main body 1a and the bottom surface of the lid plate 1b has a two-dimensional arrangement around the stirring shaft 2 with a radiation difference of 120 degrees. Upper wing 3a, middle wing 3b and lower wing 3c
With a stirring blade consisting of The lower blade 3c turns near the bottom surface of the processing tank body 1a. The stirring shaft 2, the upper blade 3a, the middle blade 3b, and the lower blade 3c are also made of an acid-resistant and heat-resistant material such as high-grade stainless steel (such as SUS316) and titanium steel having particularly excellent corrosion resistance.

As shown in FIG. 1, the stirring shaft 2 is driven to rotate by a motor 5 installed on the cover plate 1b. Stirring shaft 2
An endless chain 4c is wound around a sprocket gear 4a fixed to the upper end of the motor and a sprocket gear 4b fixed to the output shaft of the motor 5 installed on the cover plate 1b. The motor 5 is driven from the start of processing such as garbage to the completion of the processing. The stirring shaft 2 is rotated at a low speed of 5 to 10 rpm.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the processing tank main body 1a
A heating chamber forming wall 6a defining a hot-air heating chamber 6b having a hot-air inlet 6a 'and a hot-air outlet 6a "is welded to the outside. The hot-air generating device (combination of blower and heater) (not shown) generates the heat. Hot air at 200 ° C
a ′, the garbage, etc., which are circulated in the hot-air heating chamber 6b and are stirred and stored in the processing tank body 1a with the processing tank body 1a as a heat exchange heating surface, are heated to 30 ° C. to 60 ° C. The hot air is supplied to the hot-air heating chamber 6b from the start of the processing of garbage and the like, after the injection of quick lime,
It takes a few minutes.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lid plate 1b has
A garbage inlet 1c is opened, a shutter 7b which is opened and closed by an air cylinder device 7a is mounted on the garbage inlet 1c, and a garbage crusher 7c is mounted on the shutter 7b. 7d is provided. The garbage input hopper 7d is provided with a lid 7e for preventing rain from entering. The lid 7e is lifted from one end and swings open. When the lid 7e is opened, the shutter 7b is opened. A hot air exhaust port 1d is opened in the lid plate 1b, and the hot air exhaust port 1d is
An exhaust fan 8c, a heater 8d, and a deodorizing element 8e, which is, for example, a platinum catalyst, are mounted in the odor processing cylinder 8b in this order from the bottom. The deodorizing element 8e, which is a platinum catalyst, for example, in the case of intense acetic acid that gives off a foul odor, effectively promotes a reaction of decomposing into odorous carbon dioxide and water vapor. The deodorizing principle is an oxidation catalyst deodorizing method.
The reaction formula is CH ₃ COOH + 2O ₂ → 2CO ₂ + 2H ₂
It becomes O. The heater 8d heats the gas sucked in from the garbage processing tank 1 by the exhaust fan 8c and makes the gas come into contact with the deodorizing element 8e to circulate the extremely strong odor to make it completely odorless. The calorific value of the heater 8d is determined so that the exhaust fan 8c can heat the gas sucked from the garbage processing tank 1 to 350 ° C. or more. The shutter 7b and the shutter 8a are made of an acid-resistant and heat-resistant material such as high-grade stainless steel (SUS316 or the like), titanium steel or the like, which is particularly excellent in corrosion resistance. Odor treatment tube 8
An inspection lid 8b 'is provided at b, so that the exhaust fan 8c and the deodorizing element 8d can be inspected, repaired, and replaced. Odor treatment tube 8b
An exhaust pipe 8f is provided on the upper surface of the air conditioner.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
A shutter 9b, which is opened and closed by an air cylinder device 9a, is provided at a dissolution promoter input port 1e provided at b. A dissolution promoter input hopper 9c is provided above the shutter 9b, and the dissolution promoter input hopper 9c is closed. Lid 9d that can be locked in the open position
When the lid 9d is opened, the air cylinder device 9a operates to open the shutter 9b, and when the lid 9d is closed, the air cylinder device 9a operates to close the shutter 9b. ing. The shutter 9b, the dissolution promoter charging hopper 9c and the lid 9d are made of high-grade stainless steel (SUS316, etc.) and titanium
Made of heat resistant material. From the dissolution promoter input hopper 9c, a bacterial carrier, a strong acid (acetic acid, glacial acetic acid, nitric acid, or sulfuric acid,
Preferably, acetic acid) and alkali (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide) are added. A very small amount of the bacterial carrier is charged. The amount of the strong acid is charged according to the amount of the waste.
As the alkali, an amount for neutralization or returning to weak alkalinity is added. In order to check the PH value, a cock 18 for sampling is provided at the lower side of the processing layer main body 1a.
Bacterial carriers are those that have grown anaerobic bacteria such as Clostridium, Peptococcus, Peptopreptococcus, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, or anaerobic glucose such as Xanthomonas, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, etc. A breeding gram-negative rod that degrades is preferred. In addition, bacteria that have bred bacteria such as Streptomyces, Lactobacillus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Saccharomyces, Crabshigera, and Penicillium may be used.

As shown in FIG. 2, furthermore, a two-stage shutter type measuring instrument 10 is inserted into a quicklime input port 1f provided in the cover plate 1b.
The quick lime charging hopper 11a is provided on the two-stage shutter type weighing device 10, and the quick lime charged into the quick lime storage hopper 10b is transported by the lower horizontal screw conveyor 10c, the inclined screw conveyor 10d, and the horizontal screw conveyor 10e. The lime is supplied to the quick lime charging hopper 11a. To prevent quicklime from absorbing moisture, the quicklime storage hopper 10b is provided with a lid 10f that can be locked in a closed state and has a packing for sealing, a lower horizontal screw conveyor 10c and an inclined screw conveyor 10d. The horizontal screw conveyor 10e also has a closed structure. Quicklime hopper 11a
The quicklime storage hopper 10b is not shown when a portion of the hopper conical wall is made of glass so that the storage level of quicklime can be visually recognized. When the quicklime supply switch is turned on, the lower horizontal screw conveyor 10c
The inclined screw conveyor 10d and the horizontal screw conveyor 10e are driven for a certain period of time, and the quick lime storage hopper 10b is driven.
The quicklime inside is supplied to the quicklime input hopper 11a. Thus, if quicklime is always stored in the quicklime input hopper 11a, quicklime is supplied to the two-stage shutter type measuring device 10. The quick lime input hopper 11a and the quick lime storage hopper 10b are provided with vibration generating means for reducing the adhesion of quick lime. The two-stage shutter type weighing device 10 includes shutters 10a and 10b in two stages, the upper and lower stages.
0d, the lower shutter 10a is closed, the upper shutter 10b is opened, quick lime flows down to the lower shutter 10a, the space between the shutters is filled, the upper shutter 10b is closed, and the lower shutter 10b is closed. When the shutter 10a is opened, quicklime filled in the inter-shutter space falls into the garbage processing tank 1. The two-stage shutter type weighing device 10 has shutters 10a and 10
The passing amount can be measured by a value obtained by multiplying the number of times of opening and closing b and the volume of the space between shutters. The amount of quicklime is determined so that a high-temperature thermochemical reaction of 350 ° C. or more occurs. The operation of the exhaust fan 8c for deodorization and the energization of the heater 8d are performed from the start of the refuse treatment, and when the start switch of the two-stage shutter weighing device 10 is turned on for quick lime injection, It is designed to be closed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, an intake / exhaust pipe 12 stands up on the cover plate 1b. The upper end of the rising portion of the intake / exhaust pipe 12 is divided into a T-shape,
An electromagnetic gate valve 1 is provided at a portion branched above the T-shaped portion.
An elbow pipe 19 is mounted at the end of the pipe 3 and an elbow-shaped exhaust gas recovery pipe 20 is provided at a pipe part branched from the T-shaped section in the horizontal direction. An air-cooling fin 15 is provided at the front side of the air-cooling fin 15 and communicates with the air-cooling fin 15. The electromagnetic gate valve 13 is open from the start of the refuse treatment, secures a passage for taking in outside air into the garbage treatment tank 1, and turns on the start switch of the two-stage shutter weighing device 10 for charging quicklime. A high-temperature thermochemical reaction is caused by the injection of quick lime, and high-temperature steam and fermentation gas generated by the high-temperature thermochemical reaction are led to a horizontal pipe portion from a T-shaped portion at the rising portion of the intake / exhaust pipe 12 to collect a liquid in the liquid collecting tank 1.
4 The high-temperature steam and the reaction / fermentation gas passing through the intake / exhaust pipe 12 are cooled and liquefied by the air-cooled fins 15 fitted in the middle of the intake / exhaust pipe 12, and are collected in the liquid collecting tank 14. The liquid collected in the liquid collecting tank 14 is mostly water, but contains a large amount of methane / butane, carbon dioxide, alcohol, and oil, so that it can be mixed with petroleum products and treated as a flammable liquid.
This leads to recovery of heat energy. When the exhaust fan 8c is driven, the inside of the garbage disposal tank 1 becomes negative pressure. Exhaust fan 8c
Is driven to take in the outside air from the intake / exhaust pipe 12, and the exhaust fan 8 c ensures the flow of gas that exhausts the water vapor with the bad smell in the garbage disposal tank 1 to the outside of the garbage disposal tank 1,
In addition, the supply of oxygen necessary for the deodorization reaction is achieved,
When d is opened and a strong acid or strong alkali is charged from the dissolution promoter charging hopper 9c, a bad odor can be prevented from being emitted from this. When a cooling switch (not shown) is turned on, the exhaust fan 8c rotates in the reverse direction and the electromagnetic gate valve 13 opens.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a garbage disposal tank 1
Inside, a thermocouple 16 is suspended from the lid plate 1b. The thermocouple 16 is provided near the inner peripheral surface of the processing tank body 1a so as to be higher than the upper blade 3a. The thermocouple 16
Is provided to detect a temperature change at the time of a high-temperature thermochemical reaction by the input of quick lime. The number of times of quick lime charging differs depending on the amount of waste. If the high-temperature thermochemical reaction of 350 ° C. or more does not occur after one minute of one or two quick lime injections, a third quick lime injection is performed. If the temperature does not rise to 350 ° C even after the third quick lime charging, perform the third quick lime charging. For this purpose, the relationship between time and temperature is graphically displayed on the monitor of the signal of the thermocouple 16, and the quick lime can be properly introduced by looking at the graph. Garbage disposal tank 1
When the processing is completed, the moisture is completely removed, and the pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, and volume reduction remains in the garbage processing tank 1.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the garbage processing tank 1
A gate valve 17a provided with a discharge pipe 1f is attached to the lower surface of the processing tank main body 1a, and an elbow pipe 17b is provided in order to discharge and recover the pure white fine powder from the tank.
In addition, an inspection window 21 is also provided on the side surface of the processing tank body 1a. A heat-resistant glass is attached to the inspection window 21. The presence of the inspection door and viewing window 21 enables the confirmation and removal of non-pulverized plastic lumps and the like. In addition, when the garbage disposal tank 1 is free of water vapor, the pure white fine powder is stirred smoothly. Can be visually confirmed from the outside.

Next, a method of treating garbage and the like common to the first to fourth inventions of the present application will be described with reference to the apparatus for treating garbage and the like having the above configuration. When the start switch of the apparatus is turned on, the motor 5 is driven to rotate the stirring blades 3a, 3b, 3c. In addition, hot air is supplied to the heating chamber forming wall 6a by a hot air generating device (not shown), and the tank wall surface of the garbage processing tank 1 is overheated. When the lid 7e is opened, the shutter 7b is also opened, so that garbage is put into the garbage hopper 7d. When the lid 7e is closed, the shutter 7b is also closed. The garbage thrown into the garbage throwing hopper 7d is pulverized by the garbage crusher 7c and then falls into the garbage processing tank 1. And the stirring blade 3
The mixture is stirred by a, 3b, and 3c and heated to 30 ° C to 60 ° C, and decomposition of organic matter proceeds in a short time by spoilage bacteria contained in garbage. In order to promote microbial organic matter decomposition, it is preferable to add a bacterial carrier together with the input of garbage. When the lid 9d is opened, the shutter 9b is also opened, so that the bacterial carrier is introduced from the dissolution promoter introduction hopper 9c. An aerobic bacterium is preferably used as the bacterium carrier introduced at this stage. In addition, it is preferable to load a bacterial carrier, such as Xanthomonas, Acinetobacter, Flavobacterium, Nitrosomonas, or Nitrobacter, which has propagated Gram-negative rods that degrade glucose under anaerobic conditions. During this time, the exhaust fan 8c is driven, the outside air is taken in from the intake / exhaust pipe 12, the exhaust fan 8c sucks in the odorous steam in the garbage disposal tank 1, and the heater 8d removes the gas sucked in by the exhaust fan 8c. The garbage is heated to 350 ° C. or more and brought into contact with the deodorizing element 8 e to exhaust the extremely strong odor completely out of the garbage disposal tank 1. Subsequently, after about one hour has passed, the lid 9d is opened, and acetic acid is introduced from the dissolution promoter introduction hopper 9c. The input amount of acetic acid shall be proportional to the input amount of garbage. Since acetic acid is a strong acid, when the input amount is large, bacteria involved in organic matter decomposition up to that time are killed. Thereafter, acetic acid is added to the organic decomposition product of the garbage in the course of decomposition, and the mixture is continuously stirred at a temperature of 30 ° C to 60 ° C. It promotes evaporation and discharges water vapor out of the garbage disposal tank 1 to promote volume reduction. At this time, the amount of water vapor discharged out of the garbage processing tank 1 is about one third to one fourth of the water contained in the garbage. Decomposition of organic substances by acetic acid stirred at a temperature of 30 ° C to 60 ° C is extremely strong as in the case of decomposing stomachs of animals, and decomposition proceeds in a short time. One to one and a half hours is sufficient for the decomposition of organic substances by acetic acid. During this time, the exhaust fan 8c is driven, the outside air is taken in from the elbow pipe 19 and the intake / exhaust pipe 12, the exhaust fan 8c sucks in the odorous steam in the garbage processing tank 1, and the heater 8d is operated by the exhaust fan 8c. The inhaled gas is heated to 350 ° C. or more and brought into contact with the deodorizing element 8 e to exhaust the extremely strong odor completely out of the garbage disposal tank 1. Intense acetic acid, which gives off a foul odor, is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water vapor and deodorized. Subsequently, after about one hour, the lid 9d is opened, and a strong alkali containing no chlorine is supplied from the dissolution promoter charging hopper 9c to return the fluidized organic substances to neutral or weakly alkaline. At this time, the feeding amount of the strong alkali is determined as follows: every time the strong alkali is added little by little, after a fixed stirring time has elapsed, the cock 18 for sampling is opened slightly, a sample of the fluidized organic matter is taken out, and its PH value is measured. Measure and confirm that it has returned to neutral or weakly alkaline. Subsequently, the lid 9d is opened, and the microorganism carrier is introduced from the dissolution promoter introduction hopper 9c to further decompose the fluid decomposition organic matter by the microorganism. The fluidized decomposed organic substance has a PH value returned to neutral or weakly alkaline, and is a decomposed substance in which microorganisms are easily attacked for decomposition, and is stirred at a temperature of 30 ° C to 60 ° C. Rapid decomposition progresses in a very short time within minutes. At this stage, microbial decomposition of fluidized organic matter is carried out. Therefore, the microorganism carrier to be introduced is subjected to anaerobic fermentation (fermentation that produces a flammable fluid such as ethanol fermentation, methane fermentation, or butane fermentation). Those that have propagated bacteria are preferred. When the organic matter is decomposed with acetic acid for as long as two hours, the decomposition has sufficiently proceeded so that the fixed substance has a size of the fine powder class, and further decomposition of the fluidly decomposed organic matter by microorganisms is not necessary. However, considering that the liquid to be liquefied and recovered at the end of the process can be used as a flammable liquid for energy recovery,
It is preferable to perform anaerobic fermentation (fermentation that produces a flammable fluid such as ethanol fermentation, methane fermentation, or butane fermentation). Subsequently, the start switch of the two-stage shutter type weighing device 10 is turned on, and a required amount of quicklime is put into the garbage processing tank 1. At this time, all other shutters are closed.
Further, the electromagnetic gate valve 13 is closed. As a guide, the amount of quicklime to be added is about 60% of the volume of the fluidized decomposition organic matter. When the appropriate amount of quicklime is injected, a rapid high-temperature thermochemical reaction occurs with the fluidized decomposed organic matter, exceeding 100 ° C after one minute, exceeding 300 ° C within several minutes, At the same time as the steam evaporation occurs, the combustible gas, ethanol, and carbon dioxide gas generated by the anaerobic fermentation are cooled by the air-cooling fins 15 through the intake / exhaust pipe 12 together with the entire amount of the steam, and are liquefied and collected in the sump collection tank 14. Liquid collection tank 14
Is mostly water, but methane and butane,
Since it contains a lot of carbon dioxide, alcohol and oil, it can be mixed with petroleum products and treated as a flammable liquid, leading to the recovery of thermal energy. When a sufficient amount of time has passed since the introduction of quick lime, the discharge of water vapor and the like almost disappears. Garbage disposal tank 1
Inside, a pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction is generated and remains. At this time, a cooling switch (not shown) is turned on, the electromagnetic gate valve 13 is opened, and the exhaust fan 8c is rotated in the reverse direction to generate outside air into the garbage treatment tank 1.
When flowing into the inside, the stirring blades 3a, 3b, 3c are rotating, so that the pure white fine powder is effectively cooled.
The gas in the garbage processing tank 1 passes through the intake / exhaust pipe 12, passes through the electromagnetic gate valve 13, and is exhausted to the atmosphere. In the garbage treatment tank 1, pure white fine powder which does not contain moisture and is smooth remains. The inspection door and viewing window 21 is free of water vapor and the inside can be clearly seen. When the gas temperature in the garbage disposal tank 1 drops to near normal temperature while watching the monitor, the gate valve 17a is opened. Then, the pure white fine powder is smooth without containing water, and the stirring blade 3
Since a, 3b and 3c are rotating, the entire amount is discharged well through the gate valve 17a. Organic substances do not adhere and remain on the inner peripheral surface of the garbage processing tank 1, the stirring shaft 2, and the stirring blades 3a, 3b, 3c.

The pure white fine powder produced as described above is a mixture of organic fine powder whose volume has been reduced to one-tenth by decomposition of the sediment and steam evaporation, and slaked lime, and the mixing ratio is 1: 1. As it is 0.4-0.6 and completely sterilized,
Very effective as an organic fertilizer.

It should be noted that garbage and the like are stored in the garbage disposal tank in the form of fine granules, a strong acid containing no chlorine is added, the mixture is heated to a required temperature and stirred to decompose organic substances, and evaporated steam is discharged outside the garbage disposal tank. Discharging, then mixing with strong alkali containing no chlorine and returning to neutral to weak alkali, then
The fluid decomposition organic matter is transferred to another treatment tank by a pump, and a microorganism carrier is charged to promote microbial organic matter decomposition, and then the powder of lime is mixed and stirred to cause a high-temperature thermochemical reaction. High-temperature steam is completely separated and removed, and pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction is generated in the garbage processing tank and collected outside the garbage processing tank. The present invention also includes a case of a two-tank type.

[0026]

As described above, according to the method for treating garbage and the like according to the first to fourth inventions of the present application, garbage and the like can be converted into pure white fine powder in a short time, and the odor is reduced to the atmosphere. There is no sprinkling inside. Pure white fine powder is safe, clean and easy to handle like potato starch, sanitary, and easy to handle by bagging. The waste does not adhere to the garbage disposal tank, so that the entire amount can be discharged cleanly, the sanitary treatment can be easily performed by bagging, etc., and the apparatus does not become dirty. Since the garbage treatment does not contain chlorine, generation of gas containing dioxin during the thermochemical reaction can be avoided. Since strong alkali and quicklime which do not contain chlorine which is a treating agent are non-volatile and have no toxicity,
It is safer than garbage and other treatment methods that include a sterilization process for garbage using a disinfectant, which is one of the conventional technologies. It is a mixture of the fine powder of organic matter and slaked lime, and can effectively use garbage. The fertilizer according to the fifth invention of the present application is a mixture of a decomposition product of kitchen garbage and slaked lime, and is a dry white powder of a neutral white region which is completely sterilized, and contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium required for soil. It is very effective for the soil because it contains a large amount of water, etc., and is recyclable for earth resources and is environmentally friendly.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall front view showing a preferred example of an apparatus for treating garbage and the like for carrying out the method for treating garbage and the like according to the first to fourth inventions of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a main part of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... garbage disposal tank, 1a ... treatment tank body, 1b ...
・ Cover plate, 1c ・ ・ ・ Garbage input port, 1d ・ ・ ・ Hot air exhaust port, 1e ・ ・ ・ Dissolution promoter input port, 1f ・ ・ ・ Discharge pipe, 2
... Agitating shaft, 3a ... Upper stage blade, 3b ... Middle stage blade, 3
c: Lower wing, 4a, 4b: Sprocket gear, 4c
... Endless chain, 5 ... Motor, 6a ...
· Heating chamber forming chamber, 6a '· · · hot air inlet, 6a' · · · hot air outlet, 6b · · · hot air heating wall, 7a · · · air cylinder device, 7b · · · shutter, 7c · · · ·・ Garbage crusher,
7d: hopper for putting garbage, 7e: lid, 8a
-Shutter, 8b-Odor treatment cylinder, 8c-Exhaust fan, 8d-Heater, 8e-Deodorant element, 9
a ・ ・ ・ Air cylinder device, 9b ・ ・ ・ Shutter, 9c ・
..Dissolution promoter charging hopper, 9d ... lid, 10 ...
Two-stage shutter type measuring device, 10a ... shutter, 10b
..Shutter, 10c ... air cylinder device, 10d
..Air cylinder device, 11a: quick lime input hopper, 11b: quick lime storage hopper, 11c: lower horizontal screw conveyor, 11d: inclined screw conveyor, 11e: upper horizontal screw conveyor, 1
1f: lid, 12: intake / exhaust pipe, 13: electromagnetic gate valve, 14: liquid collecting tank, 15: air-cooled fin, 16: thermocouple, 16a: discharge pipe , 17a
... gate valve, 17b ... elbow tube, 18 ... cock for sampling, 19 ... elbow tube, 20 ...
・ Elbow type exhaust gas recovery pipe, 21 ・ ・ ・ Inspection window also used as inspection door,

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] December 26, 2000 (200.12.
26)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Brief description of drawings

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main part front view showing a preferred example of an apparatus for treating garbage and the like for carrying out the method for treating garbage and the like according to the first to fourth inventions of the present application.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view of a main part of the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an overall front view showing a preferred example of a processing apparatus for processing garbage and the like in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

[Description of Signs] 1 ... Garbage treatment tank, 1a ... Treatment tank body, 1b ...
・ Cover plate, 1c ・ ・ ・ Garbage input port, 1d ・ ・ ・ Hot air exhaust port, 1e ・ ・ ・ Dissolution promoter input port, 1f ・ ・ ・ Discharge pipe, 2
... Agitating shaft, 3a ... Upper stage blade, 3b ... Middle stage blade, 3
c: Lower wing, 4a, 4b: Sprocket gear, 4c
... Endless chain, 5 ... Motor, 6a ...
· Heating chamber forming chamber, 6a '· · · hot air inlet, 6a' · · · hot air outlet, 6b · · · hot air heating wall, 7a · · · air cylinder device, 7b · · · shutter, 7c · · · ·・ Garbage crusher,
7d: hopper for putting garbage, 7e: lid, 8a
-Shutter, 8b-Odor treatment cylinder, 8c-Exhaust fan, 8d-Heater, 8e-Deodorant element, 9
a ・ ・ ・ Air cylinder device, 9b ・ ・ ・ Shutter, 9c ・
..Dissolution promoter charging hopper, 9d ... lid, 10 ...
Two-stage shutter type measuring device, 10a ... shutter, 10b
..Shutter, 10c ... air cylinder device, 10d
..Air cylinder device, 11a: quick lime input hopper, 11b: quick lime storage hopper, 11c: lower horizontal screw conveyor, 11d: inclined screw conveyor, 11e: upper horizontal screw conveyor, 1
1f: lid, 12: intake / exhaust pipe, 13: electromagnetic gate valve, 14: liquid collecting tank, 15: air-cooled fin, 16: thermocouple, 16a: discharge pipe , 17a
... gate valve, 17b ... elbow tube, 18 ... cock for sampling, 19 ... elbow tube, 20 ...
・ Elbow type exhaust gas recovery pipe, 21 ・ ・ ・ Inspection window also used as inspection door,

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C05F 9/00 B09B 3/00 ZABD F-term (Reference) 4D004 AA03 BA03 BA04 CA04 CA15 CA19 CA24 CA32 CA42 CA46 CA48 CB04 CB06 CB13 CB27 CB36 CC12 DA01 DA06 4G037 CA04 EA04 4G078 AB20 BA05 DA01 EA03 4H061 AA01 AA02 CC47 CC55 EE12 EE66 FF07 GG18 GG30 GG43 GG48 GG70

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Garbage and the like are finely divided and stored in a garbage processing tank, a required amount of a strong acid containing no chlorine is added, the mixture is heated to a required temperature and stirred, and the garbage and the like are decomposed into organic substances by the strong acid and flow. In addition to generating and promoting decomposed products, it promotes steam evaporation by heating and discharges steam out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction and deodorization, and then mix strong alkali containing no chlorine. Return to neutral or slightly alkaline, then
The quicklime powder is mixed and stirred to cause a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove the high-temperature steam, giving a pure white fine powder that undergoes thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction. A method for treating garbage and the like, wherein the method is generated in a treatment tank and collected outside the garbage treatment tank. 2. Garbage and the like are finely divided and stored in a garbage disposal tank, a required amount of a strong acid containing no chlorine is added, heated to a required temperature and stirred, and the garbage and the like are decomposed into organic substances by the strong acid and flow. In addition to generating and promoting decomposed products, it promotes steam evaporation by heating and discharges steam out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction and deodorization, and then mix strong alkali containing no chlorine. Neutral or weakly alkaline, the flowable decomposed product in the garbage disposal tank is brought to a temperature suitable for bacteria, a bacterial carrier is thrown in, bacteria are propagated, microbial organic matter decomposition is promoted, and during this time heating is performed. It promotes steam evaporation and discharges steam out of the kitchen garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction, and then mixes and agitates quicklime powder to cause a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove the hot steam. , Pyrolysis, complete sterilization, dehydration, volume reduction A method for treating garbage or the like, characterized in that the pure white fine powder that caused the garbage is generated in a garbage processing tank and collected outside the garbage processing tank. 3. A garbage disposal tank containing finely divided garbage and the like, containing the garbage and the like, charging a bacterial carrier, heating the bacterium to a temperature suitable for the bacterium, stirring the garbage to propagate the bacterium, and promoting the decomposition of microbial organic matter. ,
Next, a required amount of a chlorine-free strong acid is added to decompose organic matter by the strong acid to generate and promote a flowable decomposed product, and to promote steam evaporation by heating and discharge the steam out of the garbage treatment tank to reduce the volume. To promote neutralization and deodorization, then add a strong alkali containing no chlorine and stir and mix to return to neutral to weakly alkaline, then mix and mix quicklime powder to cause a high-temperature thermochemical reaction. To completely separate and remove high-temperature steam, and to generate pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction in the garbage disposal tank and collect it outside the garbage disposal tank. Characteristic garbage disposal method. 4. A garbage disposal tank containing finely divided garbage and the like, containing the garbage, charging the bacteria carrier, heating the mixture to a temperature suitable for the bacteria, and agitating the bacteria to propagate the bacteria and promote the decomposition of microbial organic substances. ,
Next, a required amount of a chlorine-free strong acid is added to decompose organic matter by the strong acid to generate and promote a flowable decomposed product, and to promote steam evaporation by heating and discharge the steam out of the garbage treatment tank to reduce the volume. To promote neutralization and deodorization, and then mix strong alkalis containing no chlorine to return to neutral or weak alkalinity, and set the fluid decomposition product in the garbage disposal tank to a temperature suitable for bacteria to bring the bacterial carrier up. The bacteria are propagated to promote microbial organic matter decomposition, and during this time, heating promotes steam evaporation and discharges steam out of the garbage disposal tank to promote volume reduction. Mix and stir to create a high-temperature thermochemical reaction to completely separate and remove the high-temperature steam, and place pure white fine powder that has undergone thermal decomposition, complete sterilization, dehydration, and volume reduction into the garbage disposal tank. Generated and collected outside the garbage disposal tank Processing method of garbage, such as characterized by. 5. A fertilizer comprising a white fine powder produced by the method for treating garbage or the like according to any one of [1] to [4].