JP2002192018A - Cyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently separate and recover a powder and granular material from a gas by improving the separation and recovery yield of the powder and granular material by using a cyclone, and reducing the replacement and cleaning frequency of a filter 32. SOLUTION: A partition material 21 is provided between an opening 19 at the lower part of an inner cylinder 12 of the cyclone and an output port 20 at the lower side of an outer cylinder 11. A space 24 required for a solid 23 to fall which is included in an air flow 30 and is carried into the inside of the cyclone, is provided between the peripheral edge 22 of the partition material 21 and the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder. The convection of air spontaneously generated in the space between the lower side output port 20 of the cyclone and the inner cylinder 12 is made into cyclic convection which is circulated between the output port 20 and the partition member 21 by interrupting the spontaneous convection under the opening 19 of the inner cylinder. Thereby, the discharge of the powder and granular material 23 from the outlet 14 of the cyclone is prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention carries fine solids (hereinafter referred to as "granules") such as grain, cut or crushed plant fragments, and cut or crushed plastic or wood fragments. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cyclone for generating a swirling airflow in a flow path of a flowing air to separate and recover powdery and granular materials from the airflow, that is, to a gas / solid separation device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A cyclone has a cylindrical inner cylinder 12 having an opening 19 with one end opened above the inside of an outer cylinder 11 having an outlet 20 provided at a lower pointed portion of a conical shape having a pointed downward end.
Is disposed with its opening 19 facing downward, and an inlet 13 through which an airflow 30 flows into a gap 17 between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder and the outer peripheral surface 16 of the inner cylinder is provided above the outer cylinder 11. An outlet 14 through which the airflow 30 rises in the inner space 18 of the inner cylinder and flows out of the outer cylinder 11 is provided above the inner cylinder 12, and the opening 19 of the inner cylinder is located at a position lower than the inlet 13. A gas 30 flows into the inside of the cyclone from the inflow port 13, a gap 17 between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder and the outer peripheral surface 16 of the inner cylinder, and a lower end of the inner cylinder. Through the opening 19 of the inner cylinder and the internal space 18 surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder.
A channel is formed that flows out from 4 to the outside.

[0003] Inside the cyclone, the granular material entering from the inlet 13 through the airflow 30 forms a spiral from the upper side of the outer cylinder 11 by centrifugal force and its own weight, and slides on the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder 11. At the outlet 20. In the process, the opening 19 of the inner cylinder 12 faces downward,
Since the opening 19 is located at a position lower than the inflow port 13 and a wide gap 17 is formed between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder and the outer peripheral surface 16 of the inner cylinder, the powder 23 rises together with the airflow 30. As a result, the inner cylinder 12 does not enter through the opening 19.

A so-called rotary valve cyclone (see FIG. 3) which opens and closes an outlet 20 by a so-called rotary valve 34 having several doors 33 which rotate around a horizontal axis is attached to the cyclone. Exit 20
A so-called open cyclone (see FIG. 4) used by connecting the container to a collecting container 35 such as a chamber or a collecting bag, and a collecting device 46 incorporating a screw 36 rotating about a horizontal axis.
So-called screw valve cyclone (see FIG. 5) attached to outlet 20, door 38 swinging about horizontal axis 37
There is a so-called door valve cyclone (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) in which the valve is attached to the outlet 20.

[0005] Most of the cyclones are used by connecting the outlet 14 to a filter 33 and providing a blower (blowing fan) between the outlet 14 and the filter 32 or in front of the inlet 13. (See FIG. 1). Some filters are called back filters 32. This filter has a cylindrical shape, and its both ends are open openings, and is mounted in an airtight chamber. The inside of the chamber is divided into upper and lower stages by a partition wall 39, an inlet 41 and an outlet 42 are provided in the upper chamber 40, and a door 44 is provided in the lower chamber 43. An opening 45 is provided in the partition wall 39 so that gas can flow between the upper chamber 40 and the lower chamber 43.

[0006] The back filter 32 is used with its one end connected to the suction port 41 of the chamber and the other end connected to the opening 45 of the partition wall and fixed to the upper chamber 40. The gas sent from the cyclone passes through the back filter 32 and is discharged from the discharge port 42. When the powder 23 is mixed with the gas, the powder 23 becomes
It falls into the lower chamber 43 without passing through the back filter 32 and accumulates, and is periodically collected by opening the door 44.

The present inventor has made an invention relating to a cyclone outlet and is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3062944. The cyclone according to the invention is called a screw cyclone, and the upper part of the outer cylinder 11 forms a cylindrical shape, the upper part of the cylindrical shape continues to the middle part of the inverted cylinder, and the middle part of the inverted cylinder. Continues to a cylindrical lower portion, the entire outer cylinder 11 forms a conical shape with the tip pointed downward, and the cylindrical lower portion is a downwardly opened outlet 20. A door 38 that swings around a horizontal shaft 37 and opens and closes is attached to the outlet 20, and the rotary shaft 26 hangs down from the inside of the inner cylinder 12 toward the door 38. A screw 25 is attached to a lower portion of the rotation shaft 26, and a partition member 21 whose peripheral edge 22 is circularly formed is formed between the screw 25 of the rotation shaft 26 and the opening 19 of the inner cylinder. It is mounted concentrically and its screw Between the outlet 20 taken with the lower end of 25, a solid 23 carried into the inside cyclone ride on the air current 30
There is provided a space 10 necessary for accumulating (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

[0008] In the screw cyclone, the granular material 23 that falls and accumulates on the lower side in the outer cylinder is pushed down by the screw 25, and the lower end of the screw 25 and the outlet 20 are removed.
Compressed between At that time, when the compressive drag acting inside the sediment of the granular material reaches within a certain limit, the door 39 is pushed open by the compressive drag and the weight of the sediment of the granular material,
The powder 23 falls from the outlet 20 and is taken out. In the meantime, the lower end of the outer cylinder 11 is
Is closed by the sediment of the particulate matter remaining on the lower end of the cyclone, so that the outside air does not enter the inside of the cyclone from the outlet 20, so that the particulate matter 23 is continuously discharged during the operation of the cyclone. Can be taken out.

[0009]

However, depending on the type of the granular material 23, during the use of the screw cyclone, the granular material 23 to be separated from the airflow 30 is sent out from the outlet 14 and accumulates in the filter 32. It turns out that it may be easier. To find out the cause, the powder 23 separated from the airflow 30 inside the outer cylinder is certainly
The powder 23 drops down and accumulates, and a part of the powder 23 accumulates along the rotation axis 26 of the screw together with the ascending air current generated in the center of the cyclone, and the part of the ascending Although the powder 23 drops again by its own weight, the remaining part of the powder 23 that has risen continues to rise so as to be caught in the airflow 30 that enters the inner cylinder 12,
It has been found that the air enters the inner cylinder 12 together with the updraft 30 and is sent out to the filter 32.

Such a situation occurs irrespective of the rotation speed of the screw 25, and a rotary valve cyclone other than the screw cyclone, an open cyclone,
It has also been found that it occurs in a screw valve cyclone, a door valve cyclone, and the like, and particularly easily occurs when the bulk density of the granular material 23 is light and small. I guess, in the rotary valve cyclone, the powder 23 that slides down along the inner slope of the outer cylinder is repelled by the door 33 or repels the powder 23 that adheres to the door 33, and the open cyclone or screw In a valve cyclone or a door valve cyclone, the powder particles 23 that have hit against the deposited powder particles 23 and are repelled or repelled are deposited, and the powder particles 23 that rise slightly in this manner become the outer cylinder 1.
1 causes a convection in the lower portion of the outer cylinder 11, and a part of the granular material 23 which has risen on the naturally occurring upward air current in the lower portion of the outer cylinder 11 is forcibly forced in the upper portion of the outer cylinder 11. It is considered that it is caught in the updraft 30 generated in the inner cylinder 12 and enters the inner cylinder 12.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been completed on the basis of the above findings, and has a structure in which a lower outlet 20 of the cyclone and an inner cylinder 12 are provided.
In the space between the two, the naturally occurring upward air flow is blocked below the opening 19 of the inner cylinder to prevent the particles 23 from being mixed into the filter 32, and to increase the yield of separation and recovery of the particles by the cyclone. It is an object of the present invention to reduce the frequency of replacement and cleaning of the filter 32, and to efficiently separate and collect powders from gas.

[0012]

The cyclone according to the present invention has the following features. (A) One end is opened at the upper inside of the outer cylinder 11 having an outlet 20 at a lower pointed portion of a conical shape with the pointed downward. The cylindrical inner cylinder 12 forming the opening 19 is
(B) An inlet 13 through which the airflow 30 flows into the gap 17 between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder and the outer peripheral surface 16 of the inner cylinder is provided above the outer cylinder 11. C) An outlet 14 through which the airflow 30 rises in the inner space 18 of the inner cylinder and flows out of the outer cylinder 11 is provided above the inner cylinder 12, and (d) the opening 19 at the lower end of the inner cylinder is It is set at a position lower than the inlet 13, and (e) flows into the inside from the inflow port 13, a gap 17 between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder and the outer peripheral surface 16 of the inner cylinder, and a lower end of the inner cylinder. In the cyclone of the gas / solid separation apparatus, in which the flow path of the gas flow 30 flowing through the opening 19 and the internal space 18 surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder and flowing out from the outlet 14 to the outside is formed. a) Partition material 21 between opening 19 at the lower part of the inner cylinder and outlet 20 at the lower side of the outer cylinder
(B) Peripheral edge 22 of the partitioning material 21
A space 24 necessary for the solids 23 carried by the airflow 30 and carried into the cyclone to fall is provided between the inner peripheral surface 15 of the outer cylinder.

[0013]

1 and 2 show a screw cyclone. A partition member 21 has a conical shape, the inside of which is a conical space, and a rotary shaft of a screw 25. 26.

FIG. 3 shows a rotary valve cyclone. The partition member 21 has a hemispherical shape, the inside of which is a conical space, and is suspended from the inner cylinder 12 by a shaft member 27. ing.

FIG. 4 shows an open-valve cyclone. The partition member 21 has a conical shape, the inside of which is a conical space, and is suspended from the inner cylinder 12 by a shaft member 27. ing.

FIG. 5 shows a screw valve cyclone, in which a partition member 21 is formed by gathering several blade members 28 in a conical shape without closely contacting each other like a fan or a windmill. It is hung from 12.

The upper part of the outer cylinder 11 of these cyclones has a cylindrical shape, the upper part of which continues to the middle part of the inverted cylinder, which is the lower part of the cylinder. Continuing into the section, the entire cyclone has a conical shape with the tip pointed downward, and the lower end of the lower cylindrical portion is an outlet 20 that is open downward. The inner cylinder 12 has a cylindrical shape, is arranged concentrically with the outer cylinder 11, and has an inner peripheral surface 1 of the outer cylinder.
5 and the outer peripheral surface 16 of the inner cylinder, a wide donut-shaped gap 1
It is 7. The upper end of the inner cylinder 12 protrudes from the outer cylinder 11, and the upper end of the protruding inner cylinder 12 has an outlet 14.
Is provided and connected to the filter 32.

As the partition member 21, a member (28) having air permeability such as a wire netting or perforated metal may be used, but a non-permeable member (28) such as a metal plate or a plastic plate is preferably used. Use In short, even if the upward airflow 29 spontaneously occurs from the vicinity of the outlet 20 on the lower side of the outer cylinder, the upward airflow 29 is pushed back by the partition member 21 and is generated on the inner slope (15) of the outer cylinder 11. As long as it is urged by the granular material 23 sliding down and descends, and rises again from the vicinity of the outlet 20, it may be circulated in the space 31 sandwiched between the outlet 20 and the partition member 21, As long as the circulation convection is formed, the partitioning material 21
The material and shape of can be freely set. But,
In order to prevent the accumulation of the particulate material on the partition member 21, the partition member 21 is made as sharp as possible as shown in FIG. 4 and the rotating shaft 26 is formed as shown in FIGS. The partition member 21 is rotationally driven to apply vibration to the partition member 21,
2 is larger than the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 12 so that
Should be suppressed.

[0019]

According to the present invention, the rate of separation and recovery of gas and solids by the cyclone is significantly improved to such an extent that the filter 32 becomes unnecessary, so that replacement and cleaning of the filter 32 can be omitted, and dust from the filter 32 can be reduced. There is no scattering and a pollution-free cyclone is obtained. A practical machine of a screw cyclone was manufactured by applying the present invention, and a practical test was performed for 8 hours. As a result, only two particles were discharged from the outlet 14 and caught on the filter 32, and the cyclone was fed. Almost all of the granules are automatically collected from the cyclone outlet 20, and the separation and collection rate of the granules by the cyclone becomes 99.99% or more.

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the rise of the powder particles and the particles 23 deposited near the outlet 20 on the lower side of the outer cylinder 11. The distance between them can be shortened. In particular, when attaching the partition member 21 to the rotating shaft 26 of the screw cyclone,
Since the rotating shaft 26 is gently rotated at a low speed, the partition member 21 is not largely swung, and the partition member 21 vibrates due to the minute vibration transmitted from the motor via the gently rotating rotary shaft 26. Does not accumulate on the partitioning material 21 even if it has a flat conical shape. For this reason, it is possible to make the partition member 21 a flat plate, shorten the distance between the opening 19 of the inner cylinder and the outlet 20, and reduce the bulk of the cyclone as a whole. As a result, the cyclone is easily transported, and its installation is facilitated. The space required is small, and the working space in which the cyclone is installed can be effectively used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cyclone connected to a filter according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of the cyclone according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional front view of the cyclone according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional front view of the cyclone according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional front view of the cyclone according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Space 11 Outer cylinder 12 Inner cylinder 13 Inlet 14 Outlet 15 Inner peripheral surface of outer cylinder 16 Outer peripheral surface of inner cylinder 17 Gap 18 Internal space of inner cylinder 19 Opening of inner cylinder 20 Outlet 21 Partition material 22 Partition material 22 Peripheral edge 23 Powder (solid) 24 Space 25 Screw 26 Rotating shaft 27 Shaft material 28 Blade material 29 Air flow 30 Air flow 31 Space 32 Filter 33 Door 34 Rotary valve 35 Collection container 36 Screw 37 Horizontal shaft 38 Door 39 Partition wall 40 Upper chamber 41 suction port 42 discharge port 43 lower chamber 44 door 45 opening 46 collection device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An opening (19) having an open end at the upper inside of an outer cylinder (11) provided with an outlet (20) at a lower pointed portion of a conical shape with a pointed downward point. A cylindrical inner cylinder (12) is disposed with its opening (19) facing downward, and (b) an inner peripheral surface (15) of the outer cylinder and an outer peripheral surface (1) of the inner cylinder.
An inlet (13) through which the air current (30) flows into the gap (17) between 6) is provided above the outer cylinder (11).
An outlet (14) through which the air flow (30) rises in the inner space (18) of the inner cylinder and flows out of the outer cylinder (11) is provided above the inner cylinder (12). The opening (19) at the lower end of the tube is set at a position lower than the inlet (13), and (e) flows into the inside from the inlet (13), and the inner peripheral surface (15) of the outer tube and the inner tube Through the gap (17) between the outer peripheral surfaces (16), the opening (19) at the lower end of the inner cylinder, and the inner space (18) surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the inner cylinder.
In the cyclone of the gas / solid separation device in which the flow path of the air flow (30) flowing out from the outside is formed,
(A) a partition member (21) is provided between an opening (19) at the lower part of the inner cylinder and an outlet (20) at the lower side of the outer cylinder;
(B) Between the peripheral edge (22) of the partition member (21) and the inner peripheral surface (15) of the outer cylinder, a solid (23) carried into the cyclone by the airflow (30) is required to fall. A cyclone having a space (24). 2. The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein (c) an upper portion of the outer cylinder (11) has a cylindrical shape,
The upper part of the cylinder continues to the middle part of the inverted cylinder,
The inverted cylindrical intermediate portion continues to the cylindrical lower portion, and the entire outer cylinder (11) has a conical shape with the tip pointed downward, and (d) the cylindrical lower portion has The outlet (20) is opened downward, and (e) a door (38) that swings around a horizontal axis (37) and is opened and closed is attached to the outlet (20). (F) A rotating shaft (26) from the inside of the inner cylinder (12) toward the door (38).
(G) A screw (25) is attached to a lower portion of the rotation shaft (26), and (h)
A partition member (21) whose peripheral edge (22) is circularly formed around a portion of the rotary shaft (26) between the screw (25) and the opening (19) of the inner cylinder is concentric with the rotary shaft (26). (I) a space required between the lower end of the screw (25) and the outlet (20) to accumulate the solids (23) carried inside the cyclone by the airflow (30). The cyclone according to claim 1, wherein (10) is provided.