JP2002180500A - Revolving speed reducer of working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make effective use of space over the upper surface of an upper revolving structure and reduce the rate at which noises are dissipated to the outside to allow rational drive for revolution by suspending a revolving speed reducer from the upper revolving structure and inside a revolving wheel for use of extra space. SOLUTION: Inside a support housing 2 with a speed reduction mechanism 10 directly connected to a revolving motor 16 and connected to the lower portion of the housing, the output shaft 11 of the speed reduction mechanism 10 is pointed upwards and supported by bearings 7 and 7'. The revolving speed reducer is mounted on the frame (revolving frame 20) of the upper revolving structure and suspended into the revolving wheel mounting structure of lower support (lower traveling body 30), with the support housing 2 located inside the revolving wheel 25, so that a pinion 12 fitted over the output shaft 11 engages the internal gear 26 of the support housing 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a turning reducer for mainly driving and operating a turning operation part of a construction machine, and more particularly to transmitting power to a turning wheel of a turning mechanism of an upper turning body of a construction machine. The present invention relates to a swing speed reducer of a working machine in which a swing speed reducer is mounted in a suspended structure so that a space in a swing portion can be secured and noise transmission into a driver's cab can be reduced.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in construction machines, for example, working machines having an upper rotating body such as a hydraulic shovel or a crane,
A turning mechanism is mounted on a center frame of the tracked lower traveling body, and an upper turning body equipped with a working machine is supported via the turning mechanism. In the turning mechanism, as shown in FIG. 2 which shows a conventional structure for mounting a turning speed reducer, a normal vertical turning drive (turning speed reducer) 100 is mounted on a frame (upper turning body). A drive gear 103 (pinion) attached to the output shaft 102 which is attached to the side of the revolving frame 106 and is directly connected to the planetary gear reduction mechanism 101 is attached to the center frame 11.
The internal gear 113 is engaged with the internal gear 113 formed on the inner peripheral portion of the fixed side 112a of the turning wheel 112 attached to the rotating wheel 112, and drives the turning drive 100 to rotate the pinion 103, thereby fixing the fixed internal gear. The upper revolving unit (the revolving frame 106) is rotated by being driven to mesh with the reciprocating member 113.

[0003] As described above, the swing drive unit 100 for the upper swing body is used.
Must be mounted on the turning frame 106 because the engine serving as a power source is mounted on the turning frame 106. For this reason, it is generally mounted on the turning frame 106 at a position above the turning mechanism. Further, the turning drive 100 is installed at a position near the center of the turning frame 106 due to the structure of the turning mechanism.

[0004]

In such a commonly used turning speed reducer, a loud noise is generated when the turning speed reducer is driven. In particular, the noise propagates to the operator's cab installed on the turning frame and is transmitted to the operator. There is a problem that frequent turning motions may cause discomfort and increase mental fatigue. Of course, it is not preferable for the surrounding environment.

On the other hand, in a model such as a small-swing hydraulic excavator that requires a very small space in the rear part of the swivel frame, there is no room for providing the swing reducer on the swivel frame. In fact, the design tends to be unreasonable, and the fact that the above-mentioned noise exerts a great influence on the operator is in fact.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a swing speed reducer is suspended from an upper swing body inside a swing wheel inside a lower stationary side support frame to provide a sufficient space. It is an object of the present invention to provide a turning reduction gear of a working machine capable of rationally driving by effectively utilizing the space on the upper surface of an upper revolving structure and reducing external radiation of noise.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a turning reduction gear for a working machine according to the present invention is a turning reduction gear for a working machine provided with a turning mechanism, comprising a turning motor. In a support housing that connects a reduction mechanism directly connected to the lower part, the output shaft of the reduction mechanism is arranged and supported by bearings upward, and a pinion mounted on the output shaft meshes with the internal gear of the turning wheel. The support housing is attached to a frame of an upper revolving structure inside the revolving wheel, and is suspended and arranged inside a revolving wheel mounting structure of a lower support.

According to the present invention, the support housing of the speed reducer is mounted on the upper revolving structure, and is suspended from the inside of the revolving wheel of the revolving mechanism inside the revolving wheel mounting structure of the lower support. At the position near the center of the upper revolving structure, there is room in the upper space excluding the mounting portion for the space protruding upward and provided, so that it can be effectively used, for example, a small-slewing hydraulic excavator It is more effective to adopt it. Then, the state in which the noise generated when the swing speed reducer is driven is confined by the state in which the swing speed reducer is located below the upper swing body and inside the lower support body formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. As a result, it is possible to suppress the propagation of the noise to the upper surroundings, and in particular, it is possible to significantly reduce the intrusion of noise into the cab and reduce mental fatigue caused by the noise of the operator.

In the present invention, the support housing is provided with a mounting seat for an upper revolving structure at an upper end, and a space where a pinion on an output shaft is arranged at an upper center, and the space is formed in the space. An opening for receiving a part of the internal gear of the slewing ring is provided on the side part, and the pinion and the internal gear of the slewing ring are meshed with each other at the opening, and the upper cover capable of removing the upper side of the space is provided. It is preferable that it is a structure covered with. By doing so, the swing speed reducer can be suspended and arranged inside the swing wheel mounting structure of the lower support, so that the swing drive can be smoothly driven. By removing the upper cover, the pinion and the internal gear on the swing wheel side are removed. There is an advantage that it is easy to check the meshing state with the vehicle.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a specific embodiment of a swing speed reducer for a working machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of a swing speed reducer in a working machine according to the present embodiment with a part omitted.

The swing speed reducer 1 of this embodiment is attached to a work machine (not shown) having a swing mechanism, for example, an upper swing body (swing frame 20) of a hydraulic shovel.
The pinion 12 on the output shaft 11 of this speed reducer is used to engage with an internal gear 26 provided with a turning wheel 25 of the turning mechanism to drive the turning.

The revolving speed reducer 1 has a support housing 2 having a mounting seat fixed on an upper revolving body (revolving frame 20) with bolts 21. Planetary gear reduction mechanism 10 connected
And a swing motor 16 (a hydraulic motor in this specific example). The planetary gear reduction mechanism 10
The swing motor 16 has a known structure.

The support housing 2 includes a revolving frame 2
A flange-shaped mounting seat portion 3 which is fixed to the upper mounting portion by tightening with bolts 21 is provided on the outer periphery of the upper end, and hangs below the mounting seat portion 3 by a required length (required height). The planetary gear reduction mechanism 10 is directly connected to the lower end. The inner upper portion is opened upward to form a space portion 4 in which the pinion 12 is accommodated, and the shaft of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 10 in which the axis is mounted on the inner bottom portion on the vertical axis in the space portion 4. An upper bearing holding portion 5 is recessed so as to match the core wire, and a lower bearing holding portion 6 is formed thereunder at an appropriate interval, and the rolling fit into the upper bearing holding portion 5 and the lower bearing holding portion 6. The output shaft 11 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 10 is rotatably supported by the bearings 7, 7 '.

An opening 8 is formed in a circumferential portion of the support housing 2 at an appropriate section in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to a pinion 12 attached to the upper end of the output shaft 11 on the upper side of the space 4. The pinion 12 is formed so as to be able to mesh with an internal gear 26 provided with a turning wheel 25. The space portion 4 has an upper opening portion covered by an upper cover 9 and is mounted on the upper surface of the support housing 2 by mounting bolts 9a so that the upper cover 9 can be opened. The support housing 2 is formed such that the outer shape on the side where the opening 8 is formed has a shorter radius from the center than the other peripheral surface portion, and is close to the revolving wheel 25 when mounted on the revolving frame 20. It is designed to be installed.

The rolling bearing 7, which supports the output shaft 11,
The space 7a and the planetary gear reduction mechanism 10 communicate with the interior of the casing of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 10 via a lower rolling bearing 7 'through a space 4a vertically penetrating the support housing 2. The operating portion and the support bearing portion of the output shaft are connected from the upper surface of the support housing 2 to a through hole 17 provided inside the space portion 4a so that lubricating oil is supplied and oil bath lubrication can be performed. I have. The detection of the amount of lubricating oil by the oil bath lubrication can be performed by a detection tube 18 attached to the support housing 2.
An oil seal 7b attached to the bearing cover 7a of the upper rolling bearing 7 in the upper portion to prevent the leakage of the lubricating oil to the outside.
And the lower side is prevented by the gear cover 14 of the planetary gear reduction mechanism 10. Reference numeral 19 in the drawing denotes a pressure oil supply pipe from a hydraulic pressure source to the swing motor 16.

The swing speed reducer 1 having the above-described structure is provided with a swing wheel mounting frame (the present invention) of the lower traveling body 30 through a swing speed reducer mounting hole 23 provided at a key point of the swing frame 20 (upper swing body). (Corresponding to the lower support body's swivel wheel mounting structure), and is suspended inside the swivel wheel 25, and the mounting seat portion 3 of the support housing 2 is fastened to the upper surface mounting portion of the swivel frame 20 by bolts 21. Can be In this state, the swing speed reducer 1 is mounted so that its axis is parallel to the axis of the swing mechanism that connects the frame of the lower traveling body 30 of the work machine and the swing frame 20 of the upper swing body. The internal gear 26 provided on the fixed wheel 25a side of the turning wheel 25 is provided in the opening 8 on the outer peripheral portion of the space 4 of the support housing 2 whose axis is approached to and supported by the internal gear 26 of the turning wheel.
And the pinion 12 on the output shaft 11 is
Are in a state of meshing correctly.

Then, in order to fix the swing speed reducer 1 at the proper position, the swing speed reducer 1 is inserted into the swing speed reducer mounting hole 23 in a state where the opening 8 of the support housing 2 does not contact the internal gear 26 of the swing wheel 25. By inserting the mounting seat 3 and below, and then moving the support housing 2 so that a part of the internal gear 26 of the revolving wheel 25 faces the opening 8, the pinion 12
Can mesh with the internal gear 26 in the space 4 of the support housing 2. In this state, the portion of the support housing 2 corresponding to the turning wheel has a shorter radius from the other outer peripheral portion to the center, and is supported without contact with the frame of the lower traveling body 30. At the time of such mounting work, if the upper cover 9 on the upper surface of the support housing 2 is removed, the pinion 12 can be mounted while checking the meshing state of the internal gear 26 on the revolving wheel 25 side. Can be driven to rotate.

Therefore, at the time of inspection / maintenance of the turning drive, if the upper cover 9 is removed and viewed from above, the meshing state between the pinion 12 and the internal gear 26 can be easily confirmed.

Further, since the turning speed reducer 1 is suspended from the turning frame 20 to the inside of a frame on which the turning wheel 25 of the lower traveling unit 30 is mounted, the lowering unit is disposed below the upper turning unit. As a result, the noise generated during the turning drive can be reduced from being radiated to the surroundings. In addition, since it is far from the driver's cab even though it is a narrow space, the propagation of noise into the driver's cab is reduced, and the effect of significantly reducing the influence on the operator can be obtained.

Further, in the turning drive, the center of gravity of the turning speed reducer is located below the turning frame 20, so that the swing of the axis of the speed reducer at the time of turning is eliminated as compared with that of the conventional mounting structure. In this way, normal engagement can be achieved by suppressing the deflection of the airframe. Since the lubrication of the drive rotating portion in the speed reducer is oil bath lubrication, the oil state can be checked by the oil detecting tube 18 without any trouble in operation.

In the above description, the planetary gear structure is described as the speed reduction mechanism. However, the present invention can be applied to other gear speed reduction mechanisms, for example, a speed reducer formed by combining a cycloid gear. Further, the turning reduction gear can be employed in a case where an external gear provided on the turning wheel is driven by meshing with a pinion as required.
In addition, as a working machine having a turning mechanism, not only a hydraulic shovel but also a turning machine, for example, a crane can be employed. In addition, the motor is not limited to the hydraulic drive.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a swing speed reducer in a work machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a swing speed reducer in a conventional working machine with a part omitted.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 swing reduction gear 2 support housing 3 mounting seat 4 space 5 upper bearing holding part 6 lower bearing holding part 7, 7 'rolling bearing 8 opening 9 upper cover 10 planetary gear reduction mechanism 11 output shaft 12 pinion 16 swing motor 20 Revolving frame (upper revolving unit) 25 Revolving wheel 26 Internal gear 30 Lower traveling unit

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A turning reducer for a working machine having a turning mechanism, wherein an output shaft of the speed reducing mechanism is arranged upward in a support housing connected to a lower part of a speed reducing mechanism directly connected to the turning motor. The support housing is mounted on the frame of the upper revolving body inside the revolving wheel and suspended inside the revolving wheel mounting structure of the lower support so that the pinion mounted on the output shaft meshes with the internal gear of the revolving wheel. A turning reducer for a working machine, characterized in that it is arranged in a lowered position. 2. A supporting housing is provided at an upper end thereof with a mounting seat for an upper revolving structure, and a space where a pinion on an output shaft is formed is formed at an upper center thereof, and communicates with the space. An opening for receiving a part of the internal gear of the slewing ring is provided on the side of the slewing ring. In this opening, the pinion and the internal gear of the slewing ring are meshed with each other, and the upper part of the space is covered with a removable upper cover. The turning reduction gear for a working machine according to claim 1, wherein