JP2002177930A - Garbage treatment process - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an extinction type garbage treatment process which involves decomposition of garbage into a liquid and/or a gas by using a core material in an treatment vessel provided with a water spray port, agitation blades and a perforated plate and by which the activity of decomposition of the garbage into a liquid and/or a gas can be enhanced and also the COD of wastewater yielded by the garbage decomposition can be controlled at a low level without increasing the amount of water supply to the garbage. SOLUTION: Garbage is subjected to biological decomposition into a liquid and/or a gas in a treatment vessel 10 provided with: a perforated plate 18 which is placed at the bottom 9 of the vessel 10 and which discharges waste water; garbage agitation blades 16 placed inside the vessel 10; and a water spray port 12 also placed inside the vessel 10. Activated carbon fiber is added together with a core material to the garbage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for converting food waste into H ₂ O,
The present invention relates to an extinguishable garbage disposal method that biodegrades into a liquid or gas such as CO ₂ .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and the enrichment of urban culture, wastes such as garbage and combustible waste have been generated in large quantities and intensively. Was. In treating this waste, combustible waste is mainly incinerated.

[0003] On the other hand, garbage is generally subjected to a decomposition treatment by microorganisms, and as a treatment method, there are a compost-type garbage treatment and an extinguishable garbage treatment.

In the compost-type garbage disposal, 60 garbage can be removed.
It is treated at a high temperature of ~ 70 ° C to make compost.

[0005] On the other hand, the extinguishable garbage treatment uses rice husks or the like as a core material (bacterial bed) and removes garbage at 20 to 40 ° C.
Biodegrades into liquids or gases such as H ₂ O and CO ₂ at low temperatures. Moreover, the extinguishable garbage disposal is characterized in that almost no solid matter remains except for the core material used repeatedly. In addition, the processing of garbage by adding zeolite to a core material such as rice hulls (Patent No. 30467703), or by processing a garbage by adding a special microorganism to the core material, can eliminate garbage. Can further increase the decomposition activity.

However, these conventional extinction-type garbage treatments have a high activity of decomposing garbage into liquid or gas, but have a COD value (chemical oxygen demand) of wastewater generated by decomposition.
Has a high value. For example, it may be as high as about 18000 ppm,
There is a problem that the wastewater having such a high COD value must be treated. In order to lower the COD value of the generated wastewater, a method of suppressing the decomposition activity of the garbage by increasing the amount of water supplied to the garbage being treated is conceivable. However, when the amount of supplied water is increased, the amount of used water and the amount of drainage are increased, which is not only uneconomical, but also has a problem that crushed fine waste flows out of the system such as a public sewer or a river.

[0007]

As a result of various studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that a core material obtained by adding activated carbon fiber (ACF) to a core material such as rice hulls in an extinguishable garbage treatment. By processing garbage using
Completed the present invention by not only having a high activity of decomposing garbage into liquid or gas, but also reducing the COD value of wastewater generated by decomposition without increasing the amount of water supplied to garbage during treatment. I came to.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of treating garbage which has solved the above-mentioned problems.

[0009]

The present invention to achieve the above object is as described below.

[1] Treatment of garbage in which a perforated plate for drainage is provided at the bottom of the treatment tank and the garbage is biodegraded into liquid or gas in a treatment tank having a garbage stirring blade and a water spout inside the treatment tank. A method for treating garbage, comprising adding activated carbon fibers together with a core material to the garbage.

[2] The method for treating garbage according to [1], wherein the stirring blades are driven and water is intermittently driven.

[3] The method for treating garbage according to [1], wherein the added amount of the activated carbon fibers is 5 to 20% by mass based on the total added amount of the core material and the activated carbon fibers.

[4] The method for treating garbage according to [1], wherein the core material is rice husk.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 are schematic views showing an example of an apparatus used in the method for treating garbage according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a plan view of the garbage processing apparatus. FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a front view of the garbage processing apparatus. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a front partial cross-sectional view in which the cross-sectional portion is a cross-sectional portion corresponding to the cross section A to A in FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a partial side cross-sectional view in which the cross-sectional portion is a cross-sectional portion corresponding to the cross section BB in FIG.

In this processing apparatus, reference numeral 2 in FIG. 3 denotes an outer frame of a housing, and a lid 4 is provided on the upper surface of the outer frame 2. An inner frame 6 is provided inside the outer frame 2. The upper part of the inner frame 6 is opened, and the upper edge thereof is fixed to a support frame 8 provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the outer frame 2. The inside of the inner frame 6 is filled with a heat insulating material. A bottom portion 9 of the inner frame 6 has a U-shaped cross section, and constitutes a processing tank 10 together with the inner frame 6. Processing tank 10
A water sprinkling port 12 of a water pipe inserted through the outer frame 2 and the inner frame 6 and inserted into the inside of the processing tank 10 is provided near the top of the inside.

A stirring shaft 14 is provided at the center of the inside of the processing tank 10.
Is installed horizontally. A plurality (six in this example) of stirring blades 16 are dispersedly arranged on the stirring shaft 14.

The bottom of the bottom 9 of the processing tank 10 is
It is formed with. A drain gutter 20 is provided below the perforated plate 18, and a drain pipe 23 is provided at one end of the drain gutter 20. The drain gutter 20 is inclined so that the end on the drain pipe 23 side is the lowest.

A heater 24 is provided below the bottom 9 of the treatment tank 10 and on both sides of the drain gutter 20, and a reflector 26 is provided below the heater 24.

The stirring shaft 14 penetrates through the inner frame 6 and
The power of the stirring motor 28 is transmitted to a shaft end via a power transmission device (not shown) such as a V-belt. Reference numeral 30 denotes a control panel, by which the apparatus is operated.

In one embodiment of the method for treating garbage of the present invention, activated carbon fibers are added together with the core material when the garbage is biodegraded into liquid or gas using the core material in the treatment tank 10.

In this method, the activated carbon fibers added together with the core material are spun to a fiber diameter of 1 mm or less, preferably 0.001 to 500 μm.
As long as activated carbon fibers are carbonized and activated, either long fibers or short fibers can be preferably used.

Here, particulate matter such as activated carbon, for example, is easily crushed during the agitation treatment of garbage in the treatment tank 10 and flows out together with the treatment liquid (drainage), and it is difficult to reuse it or during treatment. It is not preferable because replenishment is required.

The specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber is not particularly limited as long as it is carbonized and activated after spinning, but it is preferably 300 to 2000 m ² / g.

In the method for treating garbage according to the present invention, the amount of the activated carbon fiber added to the garbage together with the core material is 5 to 20% by mass based on the total amount of the core material and the activated carbon fiber.
It is preferred that

When the amount of the activated carbon fiber is less than 5% by mass, the COD value of the wastewater generated by the decomposition of garbage becomes high, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the amount of the activated carbon fiber exceeds 20% by mass. Is not preferable because the COD value of the wastewater generated by the decomposition of garbage does not become low even though the added amount of the activated carbon fiber is large.

As the core material used in the garbage disposal method of the present invention, rice husks, buckwheat husks, kanakus, and wood chips such as wood chips and bark are preferable. In addition, the sawdust is liable to be crushed during the agitation treatment of the garbage in the treatment tank 10 and flows out together with the treatment liquid (drainage), which is not preferable because it is difficult to reuse or needs to be replenished during the treatment.

In the garbage processing apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, garbage, a core material, and activated carbon fibers are put into the processing tank 10 from the lid 4. These input materials are stirred and mixed by intermittent operation of the stirring blade 16, the reaction temperature and the like are adjusted by intermittent watering from the water spouting port 12 and heating by the heater 24, and the decomposition of garbage is performed.

The stirring blade 16 in the processing tank 10 is preferably driven intermittently, and the stirring time is preferably from 0.1 to 30 minutes, more preferably from 0.5 to 10 minutes. The stirring stop time is preferably from 1 to 200 minutes.

Regarding intermittent watering in the treatment tank 10,
Watering time is preferably 1 to 200 seconds. The watering stop time is preferably 0.5 to 120 minutes.

The waste water generated by decomposition of the garbage is discharged from the perforated plate 18 at the bottom 9 of the treatment tank 10 to the drain gutter 20 and the drain pipe 2.
It is discharged out of the system through 3. The diameter of the holes formed in the perforated plate 18 can be appropriately selected depending on the shape and size of the core material, the activated carbon fibers, and the like, but is preferably 0.01 to 5 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 2 mm.

The garbage treatment tank used in the present invention is characterized by being a treatment tank provided with a water spout, a stirring blade, and a perforated plate. However, the water spout, the stirring blade, and the perforated plate may be any means for sprinkling the garbage, for stirring the garbage, and for filtering the wastewater generated by the decomposition of the garbage, respectively. , Stirring blades, and perforated plates.

[0033]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically and in detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

The garbage processing apparatus used was a garbage processing apparatus having an internal volume of 80 L (liter) manufactured by Toho Kako Construction Co., Ltd. shown in the schematic diagrams of FIGS.

Example 1 Table 1 shows the composition of garbage used in this example.

[0036]

[Table 1]

1 to 4 together with 1.9 kg of garbage shown in Table 1 together with the amount of rice hulls and activated carbon fibers (specific surface area of 120 kg) shown in Example 1 of Table 2.
0 m ² / g) was charged into the processing tank 10 having an internal volume of 80 L.

The stirring in the processing tank 10 is performed for a stirring time of 2 hours.
And stirring stop time of 15 minutes was repeated. Watering in the treatment tank 10 was performed by repeating a watering time of 15 seconds and a watering stop time of 10 minutes, and the watering amount per day was 96 L. In addition, the temperature in the processing tank 10 was adjusted to 35 ° C.

The garbage is decomposed under the above conditions, and the wastewater generated by the decomposition is decomposed every predetermined time.
OD was measured, and the result shown in FIG. 5 was obtained.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Under the conditions shown in Comparative Example 1 in Table 2, the garbage was decomposed in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results shown in FIG. 5 were obtained.

[0041]

[Table 2]

As shown in the results of FIG. 5, in the case of Comparative Example 1, only the rice husk was charged into the garbage treatment tank without the activated carbon fiber, and the COD of the wastewater was high.
It reached 8000 ppm.

On the other hand, in the case of Example 1, the input amount of the activated carbon fiber into the garbage disposal tank was 9% by mass based on the total input amount of the core material and the activated carbon fiber, and CO
It can be seen that D could be reduced to at most 4000 ppm.

In the case of Comparative Example 1, the COD of the wastewater in the first 24 hours of the garbage decomposition treatment was 470 on average.
It was 0 ppm, which was higher than the maximum value of 4000 ppm of COD of the wastewater in the case of Example 1. In the case of Example 1, the average value of the COD of the wastewater in the first 24 hours was an extremely low value of 2200 ppm.

[0045]

According to the method for treating garbage according to the present invention, activated carbon fibers are added together with the core material when the garbage is biodegraded into a liquid or a gas using the core material. Not only has a high activity of decomposing garbage into liquid or gas, but also does not increase the amount of water supplied to garbage during treatment, and can reduce COD of wastewater generated by decomposition of garbage.

Activated carbon fibers are rich in flexibility and hard to be crushed as compared with ordinary granular or crushed activated carbon, and thus can be used for a long time without flowing out through the holes of the perforated plate.

Further, if the amount of supplied water is reduced, the amount of water used and the amount of drainage can be reduced, which is economical. Moreover, since the garbage is rapidly decomposed into a liquid or a gas, the crushed fine garbage that is being decomposed does not flow out of the system such as a public sewer or a river.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of an apparatus used in the method for treating garbage of the present invention, and is a schematic view showing a plan view of the apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of an apparatus used in the method for treating garbage of the present invention, and is a schematic view showing a front view of the apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a front partial cross-sectional view in which a cross-sectional portion is a cross-sectional portion corresponding to the cross section A to A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a side partial cross-sectional view in which the cross-sectional portion is a cross-sectional portion corresponding to the cross section BB in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between treatment time and COD of wastewater in the results of the garbage decomposition test of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 outer frame 4 lid 6 inner frame 8 support frame 9 bottom of processing tank 10 processing tank 12 water spouting port 14 stirring shaft 16 stirring blade 18 perforated plate 20 drainage gutter 23 drainage pipe 24 heater 26 reflector 26 stirring motor 30 control panel

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D004 AA03 CA13 CA15 CA19 CA22 CB02 CB06 CB28 CB32 CC03 CC08 CC11 DA02 DA03 DA10 DA13 4G078 AA06 AA21 AB20 BA01 BA09 CA01 CA05 CA12 CA17 DA01 DB01 EA10 EA13

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method of treating garbage in which a garbage is biodegraded into a liquid or a gas in a treatment tank having a perforated plate for drainage at the bottom of the treatment tank and having a garbage stirring blade and a water spout inside the treatment tank. 3. A method for treating garbage, wherein activated carbon fibers are added to the garbage together with the core material. 2. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the stirring blade is driven intermittently and watering is performed intermittently. 3. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the added amount of the activated carbon fiber is 5 to 20% by mass based on the total added amount of the core material and the activated carbon fiber. 4. The method for treating garbage according to claim 1, wherein the core material is rice husk.