JP3653899B2

JP3653899B2 - Processing equipment for organic matter such as garbage

Info

Publication number: JP3653899B2
Application number: JP32378196A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 弘美広田; 博史西田; 章広梅田
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Holdings Corp
Priority date: 1996-12-04
Filing date: 1996-12-04
Publication date: 2005-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2016-12-04
Also published as: JPH10156320A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は主に家庭の台所で発生する生ごみや調理廃液等の有機物を微生物により分解処理し、下水管に流すことの出来る生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の生ごみ処理装置には、乾燥、減量させるもの、焼却してしまうもの、微生物により分解させるもの等、様々な構成のものが考えられている。しかし、処理後の残留物や媒体をメンテナンスする事が必ず必要であり、メンテナンス無しで生ごみと台所の調理廃液を処理出来る生ごみ処理装置は無く、家庭内からでる生活排水を含め微生物処理する装置としては浄化槽・合併浄化槽等がある。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の生ごみ処理装置では、乾燥、減量させるもの、焼却してしまうもの、微生物により分解させるもの等があるが、生ごみを処理する場合、水切りや処理装置までの運搬、処理後の残留物や媒体をメンテナンスする事が必ず必要であり、室内では臭いが発生したり、運搬時に汁だれをおこしたりし、使い勝手がよい物ではなかった。また、粉砕手段等をシンクの下に設け使い勝手を良くしたものは、高濃度の生物化学的酸素要求量（ＢＯＤ）や固形物が下水管に流れ、下水管を詰まらせたり、河川の汚染や、下水処理場の処理能力の負担増となってしまう。
【０００４】
さらに、粉砕手段の後に小型の浄化槽（合併浄化槽も含む）を設け微生物処理により、有機物を分解し、ＢＯＤを低減させて下水管または河川へ排出させる方法も考えられている。これらの代表的な好気的微生物処理方法には、活性汚泥法、及び散水ろ床法、回転円板法に代表される生物膜法がある。しかし、これらの処理方法は、汚泥（微生物及びその死骸等）の発生でろ床の閉塞が起こり酸素供給不足になったり、発生した汚泥を排出処理する必要性等があった。そのため、処理槽の大きさは、所定量有機物の分解に必要な生物膜付着面積と酸素の供給を確保するため、かなり大きな容積を確保しなければならなく、さらに、汚泥処理等のメンテナンスの必要性があったりするものもあった。
【０００５】
本発明はこのような従来の生ごみ処理装置の課題を解決し、小型で、しかも汚泥によるろ床の閉塞が起こらず、メンテナンスや処理後の後始末無を無くすことができる生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため本発明は、粉砕手段により粉砕された生ごみ等の有機物を一旦貯留し、多数の小孔を設けた仕切り板で仕切られた調整槽と、調整槽から流出した有機物を好気的に分解する微生物を着床させるろ材を収容し、多数の小孔を有するドラムからなる分解槽と、これらの槽を通過した水分を溜め、下水管とつながる水槽と、水槽内の水を再度前記調整槽に送るポンプ装置と備えたもので、分解槽を回転させることにより、中に入れたろ材が回転し、相互に衝突し、過剰に付着した微生物（汚泥）等を水槽へ落とすことが出来る。そのため、比表面積の大きなろ材を微生物坦体としてこの分解槽に入れても、ろ床の閉塞が起こらず、ろ材間に隙間が出来るため、常に空気が通過できる状態を保つことが出来る。このため、大きな能力の送風手段を必要とせず、しかも微生物の付着面積を大きくとれ、分解槽の大きさを小さくできるものである。また、分解槽の回転により水槽に落下した汚泥や有機物はポンプ装置により再度調整槽に戻り、何度も分解槽を通過し、その間に、微生物の自己分解や有機物の分解を繰り返し、汚泥や残留有機物の少ない状態にする事が出来る。このため、汚泥処理等のメンテナンスがほとんど必要なく、そのまま下水管に流すことが出来るものである。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の請求項１記載の発明は、生ごみ等の有機物を粉砕する粉砕手段と、前記粉砕手段とつながる処理槽と、前記粉砕手段により粉砕された生ゴミ等の有機物が一旦貯留されるよう前記処理槽内に設けられた調整槽と、前記処理槽内の調整槽下方に多数の小孔を設けた仕切り板で分離されて設けられ、かつ多数の小孔を有し内部に生ごみ等の有機物を分解する微生物を着床させるろ材を収容したドラムからなる分解槽と、これらの槽を通過した水分を溜めるとともに下水管につながる水槽と、水槽内の水を前記調整槽に送るポンプ装置と、前記ドラム型分解槽を回転させる回転駆動手段を備えたもので、粉砕手段により粉砕され、調整槽に貯留した生ごみ等の有機物は仕切り板の穴径より小さくなるまで加水分解したりして徐々に下方の分解槽に落下する。そして、分解槽では、落下した有機物はろ床に付着した微生物により水と二酸化炭素に分解され水槽に水が落下する。このとき分解槽を回転させることにより、中に入れたろ材が回転し、相互に衝突し、過剰に付着した微生物（汚泥）等を水槽へ落とすことが出来る。このことにより、比表面積の大きなろ材を微生物坦体としてこの分解槽に入れてもろ床の閉塞が起こらず、ろ材間に隙間が出来るため、常に空気が通過できる状態を保つことが出来るものである。このため、大きな能力の送風手段を必要とせず、しかも微生物の付着面積を大きくとれ、分解槽の大きさを小さくできる。また、分解槽の回転により水槽に落下した汚泥や有機物はポンプ装置により再度調整槽に戻り、何度も分解槽を通過し、その間に、微生物の自己分解や有機物の分解を繰り返し、汚泥や残留有機物の少ない状態にする事が出来る。このため、全体の処理装置を小さくでき、メンテナンスがほとんど必要なく、そのまま下水管等に流すことが出来るものである。
【０００８】
本発明の請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の分解槽の一部を水槽の水中に浸せきさせることにより、水槽中に落下し、溶解している有機物も常に分解槽内のろ材に付着した微生物により分解させることができる。そのため、有機物の分解性能がさらに向上する。また、水槽の水を常に撹拌し、空気中の酸素を溶解させ、水中での有機物の好気性分解を促進させるものである。
【０００９】
本発明の請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１または２記載の分解槽を多角柱で構成し、この多角柱型の分解槽を回転させることにより、その中に入れたろ材が回転し、相互に衝突し、過剰に付着した微生物（汚泥）等を水槽へ落とすことが出来るが、このとき、円筒形の様にろ材がなめらかに回転せず、傾斜角により急激に落下し、より確実に微生物を水槽へ落下させるものである。
【００１０】
本発明の請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載における回転駆動モータにより回転する軸と、これとほぼ並行に設けた２本の軸上に分解槽を載せ、分解槽を回転させる構成とし、分解槽との回転伝達部に汚泥や固形物がたまっても、分解槽は回転駆動軸に載っているだけなので、回転が停止したりする心配がない。また、直径の大きな分解槽を径の小さな軸で回転させる構成のため、複雑な減速機構を必要としなくてもよく、大きなトルクを得られるためモータの小型化ができる。また、もし分解槽が回転しなくなった場合でも、回転駆動軸がスリップするだけで、モータ等に大きな負荷がかかり焼き付く心配がない。
【００１１】
本発明の請求項５記載の発明は、請求項４記載の分解槽と２本の回転軸との接する軸部分または分解槽の外周部の少なくとも一方を弾性体で構成し、分解槽に回転駆動軸の動力が確実に、しかも騒音の発生が少なく、伝達できる様にしたものである。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項６記載の発明は、請求項４、５記載の分解槽と２本の回転軸との接する軸部分または分解槽の外周部の少なくとも一方に凹凸を設けたもので、分解槽に回転駆動軸の動力が確実に伝達する事が出来ると同時に、分解槽に凹凸による振動を与え、その振動も加わって過剰に発生した汚泥を確実に水槽へ落下させ、ろ床の閉塞を防止し、微生物による有機物の好気性分解が確実に行える様にしている。
【００１３】
本発明の請求項７記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の外周に設けた小孔の開口部の幅あるいは孔径は調整槽の仕切り板に設けられた小孔の開口幅または孔径より大きい部分を設けた構成とし、分解槽の中には、調整槽を通過した溶解性の有機物はもちろん、固形の有機物も確実に入る様にし、有機物が分解槽を通過しないで水槽へ落下することを防止したもので、これにより、有機物の分解効率が低下するのを防止している。
【００１４】
本発明の請求項８記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の外周と分解槽を収容する処理槽との回転径方向の隙間は、調整槽の仕切り板に設けられた小孔の開口幅または孔径より小さい構成とすれば、分解槽の中に、調整槽を通過した溶解性の有機物はもちろん、固形の有機物も確実に入り、有機物が分解槽を通過しないで水槽へ落下することがなく、有機物の分解効率が低下するのを防止することが出来る。
【００１５】
本発明の請求項９記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の外周に付着した微生物等掻き落とす手段を設けた構成により、分解槽の外周の付着した微生物により、その開口部が閉鎖され、有機物が分解槽に入らなくなったり、水や微生物が水槽に落ちなくなることを防止するものである。
【００１６】
本発明の請求項１０記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の外周に向けたノズル部と、水槽内の水を調整槽に送るポンプ装置と調整槽との間に設けた切り替え弁または分岐部とを備え、この切り替え弁または分岐部と前記ノズル部とをつないだ構成とし、ポンプ装置の運転により、分解槽の外周に向け、水槽の水の一部分が噴射され、分解槽の外周部に付着した微生物を洗浄し、その開口部が閉鎖され、有機物が分解槽に入らなくなったり、水や微生物が水槽に落ちなくなることを防止する。
【００１７】
本発明の請求項１１記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の外周部を非付着性の樹脂等で構成または被覆した構成により、分解槽の外周部に微生物が付着しにくくなり、その開口部が閉鎖され、有機物がドラム型及び多角柱型分解槽に入らなくなったり、水や微生物が水槽に落ちなくなることを防止するものである。
【００１８】
本発明の請求項１２記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の回転を間欠的に運転させる構成とし、必要以上にろ材が撹拌されすぎ、必要以上の微生物が水槽に落下してしまい、有機物の分解能力が低下するのを防止するものである。また、これにより、回転駆動装置の運転時間を短縮し、耐久性を向上させることが出来るものである。
【００１９】
本発明の請求項１３記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽の回転を正反転させる構成とし、ろ材が偏らずに効率よく撹拌され、調整槽から落下してくる有機物をろ材全体に行き渡らせることができ、有機物の分解性能を向上できるものである。
【００２０】
本発明の請求項１４記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽内に少なくとも支柱または突起部のいずれか一方を設けた構成とし、分解槽の回転により、ろ材をまんべんなく撹拌することが出来、調整槽から落下してくる有機物をろ材全体に行き渡らせることができ、有機物の分解性能を向上できる。また、部分的にろ材同志がくっついて、塊となり酸素の供給できない部分が出来るのをこの支柱や突起部への衝突により防止することができる。
【００２１】
本発明の請求項１５記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽内に入れるろ材を多孔質部材で構成し、ドラムの回転により、ろ材を撹拌し、空気の通路を確保しても、有機物の分解に必要な量の微生物量はこの多孔質の部分に確保出来るため、より安定した有機物の分解を行うことが出来る。
【００２２】
本発明の請求項１６記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の分解槽内に入れるろ材を体積あたりの微生物の付着面積を大きくするため、パイプ形で構成し、さらに、パイプの形状は、一方のパイプが他方のパイプの内側に少なくともパイプ長さの１／２以上入る形で構成したことにより、ドラムの回転によりろ材が撹拌したとき、パイプの内径側に詰まった微生物をパイプ同志の動きにより掻き落とすことが出来る形状となっている。このため、パイプの内径側が詰まって通気抵抗が大きくなり、微生物に酸素の供給が十分出来なくなるのを防止できる。よって、従来のパイプ形のろ材の課題、つまり、内径側が微生物でつまり通気性が悪くなったり、また付着面積も極端に低下するということを解消できる。
【００２３】
本発明の請求項１７記載の発明は、請求項１６記載の分解槽内に入れるろ材を内径側及び外径側に多数の凹凸や溝を設けたパイプ形に構成し、ドラムの回転により、ろ材を撹拌し、微生物を落下させ、空気の通路を確保しても、凹凸部や溝部には、有機物の分解に必要な量の微生物を確保出来る為、凹凸や溝のないパイプと同様の微生物付着面積を確保出来る。このため、安定した有機物の分解を行うことが出来るものである。
【００２４】
本発明の請求項１８記載の発明は、請求項１〜３記載の水槽内の水や有機物等を調整槽に送るポンプ装置の吸水側に、ポンプランナーと同一軸で回転するカッターとフィルタ部を近接して設け、カッターとフィルター部を微生物や固形状の有機物が通過する際、カッターの回転とフィルター部の間で固形状有機物や微生物がより細かく粉砕され、より分解されやすい状態となって調整槽、分解槽へ戻る。このため、有機物の分解や、微生物の分解が促進され、固形有機物や微生物もあまり残らず分解してしまうことが出来、メンテナンスの必要も無くなる。
【００２５】
【実施例】
本発明の一実施例を図１〜９図に基づき説明する。
【００２６】
図１において、１は流し台で、シンク２の排水口部３には粉砕手段４が設けられている。粉砕手段４と処理槽５の調整槽６は切り替え弁７を介しパイプ８でつながっている。調整槽６は金網状の仕切板９で、ドラム型の分解槽１０と分離されている。そして、調整槽６には撹拌装置１１で駆動する撹拌棒１２があり、仕切板９上面で回転する様になっている。また、調整槽６下方には外周がネット状に構成されたドラム型の分解槽１０があり、その内部には、有機物を好気的に分解するための微生物を付着させるろ材１３が所定量充填されている。
【００２７】
また、処理槽５には、平行に２本の軸１４、１５が軸支され、ドラム型の分解槽１０が横方向に載せられている。そして、２本の軸の一方は駆動モータ１６につながり、もう１方はフリーに回転する。また、処理槽５の側面にはドラム型の分解槽１０の外周ネット部１０ａに接するかき取り手段１７が設けられている。また、仕切板９の下方にはドラム型の分解槽１０の上部外周に近接した受け部１８が設けられており、その隙間は、金網状仕切板９の開口長さより小さくなっている。
【００２８】
ドラム型の分解槽１０の下方には、水槽１９があり、その底部にポンプ２０の吸引側が接続され、ポンプ２０の吐出側が調整槽６に接続されている。また、調整槽６と水槽１９上方には吸排気口２１、２２があり、送風装置２３によりドラム型の分解槽１０に強制的に空気を送り込むことも出来る様になっている。
【００２９】
分解槽１０のネット状の開口幅は調整槽６の仕切板９の金網の開口幅より大きい寸法に設定しているので、調整槽６の仕切板９から流出する固形物を分解槽１０の開口部から分解槽１０内に入り込ませることができる。また、処理槽５の内壁と分解槽１０との間の回転形方向の隙間ｓが調整槽６の仕切板９の金網の開口幅より小さくなるように設定しているので、調整槽６の仕切板９から流出する固形物が隙間ｓから直接水槽１９内に落下するのを防止している。
【００３０】
また、図２に示すように、ドラム型の分解槽１０の下方部分を水槽１９の排水中に水没させた構成とする場合もある。
【００３１】
また、図３に示すようにドラムの形状を円筒形でなく、中空の多角柱形状とした分解槽２４を設けることもある。この分解槽２４は六角柱形状であるので、図１のように円筒形状の分解槽１０を２本の軸１４、１５に載せる構成としたら分解槽２４を回転させることができないので、分解槽２４を回転させるために設けたプーリー２４ａと駆動モータ１６とをベルトで張架し、駆動モータ１６の回転力で分解槽２４が回転する構成としている。なお、多角柱形状を８角柱、１０角柱というようにより円柱形に近づけていくと、図１に示す方式で分解槽２４を回転させることも可能である。
【００３２】
さらに、図４に示すように、ドラム型の分解槽１０と接し、駆動モータ１６とつながる軸１４の外周にはゴム等の弾性体２５で構成されたものや、図５に示すように、ドラム型の分解槽１０の外周側に弾性体２６を設けた構成もある。
【００３３】
また、図６に示すようにドラム型の分解槽１０の槽内には、充填されたろ材１３を撹拌するための支柱１０ｂや突起１０ｃが設けられている。
【００３４】
図７に示すように、ポンプ２０の吐出側から調整槽６に接続されている配管２６の途中から分岐し、ドラム型の分解槽１０の外周部１０ａに向けて設けたノズル部２８につなげている構成もある。さらに、ポンプ２０の吸水側にポンプランナー２０ａと同一軸で回転するカッター２９と、フィルタ部３０を近接して設けている構成もある。
【００３５】
以上のように構成された生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置において、その動作を説明する。
【００３６】
台所で発生した生ごみを粉砕手段４に投入し、電源を入れて粉砕しながら水を流し込んでやると、粉砕された生ごみや排水、さらに調理廃液等はパイプ８を通って処理槽５の調整槽６に入る。粉砕された生ごみ等の有機物は、撹拌棒１２により撹拌され、仕切板９の開口部より大きな物は調整槽６上に残り、その他の細かい固形物や液分は徐々にドラム型の分解槽１０に達する。
【００３７】
ドラム型分解槽１０の外周部１０ａはネット状に構成されているため、これらの液分や細かい固形分はドラム型の分解槽１０に入り、ろ材１３に着床している微生物により有機物が分解されてゆく。そして、分解された後の水や、分解しきらなかった有機物は、一旦水槽１９に溜められ、ポンプ２０で調整槽６に戻される。
【００３８】
また、送風装置２３により調整槽６の吸気口２１から外気を吸い込み、仕切板９、ドラム型の分解槽１０のろ材１３の間を通っている間に微生物に酸素を供給し、有機物の分解を促進する。そして、発生した二酸化炭素と共に、送風装置２３に吸い込まれれ、下水管や外気に放出される。
【００３９】
また、ドラム型の分解槽１０は、駆動モータ１６の回転により軸１４を介して回転し、充填されたろ材１３を撹拌し、調整槽６より落下した有機物がろ材１３にまんべんなく接触する様にしている。また、有機物の分解により増殖しすぎた微生物や、微生物の死骸等を回転により下方の水槽１９に落下させ、ろ材１３間の閉塞を防ぎ、微生物に酸素を供給できる状態を常に保っている。そして、落下した微生物は分解しきれなかった有機物と一緒に水槽１９に貯められ、ポンプ２０で調整槽６に戻され、この動作が繰り返される間に微生物の自己分解と有機物の分解を繰り返し、汚泥や残留有機物がほとんどなく、ＢＯＤ濃度の低い状態にすることが出来、この排水を下水管の方へ排出するようになっている。
【００４０】
このように、粉砕手段４に生ごみを投入するだけで、微生物が生ごみ等の有機物を最終的には水と二酸化炭素に分解して下水管へ流してしまうもので、処理後のメンテナンスや処理後の生ごみ等の有機物の運搬の必要が全く無いものである。
【００４１】
図２に示す実施例では、ドラム型の分解槽１０の一部が常に水槽１９の排水中にあることにより、水槽１９の排水の有機物も常に分解し、さらに、ドラム型の分解槽１０の回転により排水中に酸素を混入させることが出来、いっそう有機物の分解を促進させることが出来る。
【００４２】
図３に示す実施例では、多角柱型の分解槽２４を回転させることにより、中に入れたろ材１３が回転し、相互に衝突し、過剰に付着した微生物（汚泥）等を水槽１９へ落とすことが出来るが、このとき、円筒形の様にろ材１３がなめらかに回転せず、傾斜角により急激に落下し、より確実に微生物を水槽１９へ落下させるものである。
【００４３】
また、図４、５に示す実施例のように、ドラム型の分解槽１０と軸１４、１５の接する部分に弾性体２５を介することにより、また、分解槽１０の外周に弾性体２６を設けることにより、軸１４の回転力を確実にしかも騒音を少なく伝達出来るようになっている。また、弾性体２５、２６の外周等に凹凸を設けることにより、ドラム型の分解槽１０に微振動を起こし、より確実に撹拌や、微生物の落下が行えるようにしている。
【００４４】
また図６に示す実施例では、ドラム型の分解槽１０の槽内に、充填されたろ材１３を撹拌するための支柱１０ｂや突起１０ｃが設けている。よって、分解槽１０の回転により、ろ材１３をまんべんなく撹拌することが出来、調整槽９から落下してくる有機物をろ材１３全体に行き渡らせることができ、有機物の分解性能を向上できる。また、部分的にろ材１３同志がくっついて、塊となり酸素の供給できない部分が出来るのをこの支柱１０ｂや突起部１０ｃへの衝突により防止することができる。なお、支柱１０ｂまたは突起部１０ｃのいずれか一方があれば、有機物の分解性能を向上させることができることは言うまでもない。
【００４５】
また、図７に示す実施例のように、ポンプ２０の運転時に、ドラム型の分解槽１０の外周部１０ａに向けたノズル部２８より排水が噴射され、その力によってドラム型の分解槽１０の外周部１０ａに付着した微生物を洗浄し、外周部１０ａの開口部が閉塞しないようにしている。また、ポンプ２０の運転により、水槽１９の排水が調整槽６に送り込まれるが、このときポンプ２０のランナーと一体に構成されたカッター２９が回転し、フィルタ部３０との間で固形の有機物や微生物がさらに細かく粉砕され調整槽６に送り込まれる。
【００４６】
また、パイプ形のろ材は、微生物の付着面積はかなり多くとれるが、内径側が微生物でつまり通気性が悪くなったり、また付着面積も極端に低下するという課題があった。しかし、図８、９に示すパイプ形のろ材は、ドラム型の分解槽１０によって撹拌され、一方のパイプ型ろ材１３ａが他方のパイプ型ろ材１３ｂの内径側に入り込み、パイプ長さの半分以上の微生物を掻き落とすことになり、パイプ形のろ材１３の内径側を閉塞しにくくしている。また、図９に示すように、内外径側に溝部１３ｃを設けたパイプ形のろ材１３の場合、ろ材同志の緩衝により微生物が掻き落とされても溝部１３ｃは掻き落とされず、微生物を残すことが出来るため、分解に必要な微生物の付着面積を確保出来るものである。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
本発明の請求項１記載の発明によれば、分解槽を回転させることにより、中に入れたろ材が回転し、相互に衝突し、過剰に付着した微生物（汚泥）等を水槽へ落とすことが出来る。このことにより、分解能力を大きくするため、比表面積の大きなろ材を微生物坦体としてこの分解槽に入れてもろ床の閉塞が起こらず、ろ材間に隙間が出来るため、常に空気が通過できる状態を保つことが出来るという効果がある。また、このため、大きな能力の送風手段を必要とせず、しかも微生物の付着面積を大きくとれ、分解槽の大きさを小さくでき、処理槽全体を小さく出来るという効果がある。また、分解槽の回転により水槽に落下した汚泥や有機物はポンプ装置により再度調整槽に戻り、何度も分解槽を通過し、その間に、微生物の自己分解や有機物の分解を繰り返し、汚泥や残留有機物の少ない状態にする事が出来る。このため、全体の処理装置を小さくでき、メンテナンスがほとんど必要なく、そのまま下水管等に流すことが出来る等の効果もある。
【００４８】
本発明の請求項２記載の発明によれば、分解槽の一部を水槽の水中に浸せきさせることにより、水槽中に落下し、溶解している有機物も常に分解槽内のろ材に付着した微生物により分解される。そのため、有機物の分解性能がさらに向上する。また、水槽の水を常に撹拌し、空気中の酸素を溶解させ、水中での有機物の好気性分解を促進させる等の効果がある。
【００４９】
本発明の請求項３記載の発明によれば、分解槽を多角柱で構成し、この多角柱型の分解槽を回転させることにより、中に入れたろ材が回転し、相互に衝突し、過剰に付着した微生物（汚泥）等を水槽へ落とすことが出来るが、このとき、円筒形の様にろ材がなめらかに回転せず、傾斜角により急激に落下し、より確実に微生物を水槽へ落下させ、ろ床の閉塞を防止し、微生物による有機物の好気性分解が確実に行えるという効果がある。
【００５０】
本発明の請求項４記載の発明によれば、回転駆動モータにより回転する軸と、これとほぼ並行に設けた２本の軸上に分解槽を載せ、分解槽を回転させる構成とし、分解槽と回転伝達部に汚泥や固形物がたまっても、分解槽は回転駆動軸に載っているだけなので、回転が停止したりする心配がない。また、直径の大きなドラム分解槽を径の小さな軸で回転させる構成のため、複雑な減速機構を必要としなくてもよく、大きなトルクを得られるためモータの小型化ができる。また、もし分解槽が回転しなくなった場合でも、回転駆動軸がスリップするだけで、モータ等に大きな負荷がかかり焼き付く心配がない等の効果がある。
【００５１】
本発明の請求項５記載の発明によれば、分解槽と２本の回転軸との接する軸部分または回転槽の外周を弾性体で構成し、分解槽に回転駆動軸の動力が確実に、しかも騒音の発生が少なく、伝達できる等の効果がある。
【００５２】
本発明の請求項６記載の発明によれば、分解槽と２本の回転軸との接する軸部分または分解槽の外周に凹凸を設けた構成とし、分解槽に回転駆動軸の動力が確実に伝達する事が出来ると同時に、ドラム型分解槽に凹凸による振動を与え、過剰に発生した汚泥を確実に水槽へ落下させ、ろ床の閉塞を防止し、微生物による有機物の好気性分解が確実に行える等の効果がある。
【００５３】
本発明の請求項７記載の発明によれば、分解槽外周に設けた小孔の開口部の幅あるいは孔径は調整槽の仕切り板に設けられた小孔の開口幅または孔径より大きい部分を設けた構成とし、分解槽の中には、調整槽を通過した溶解性の有機物はもちろん、固形の有機物も確実に入る様にし、有機物が分解槽を通過しないで水槽へ落下することを防止したもので、これにより、有機物の分解効率が低下するのを防止する等の効果がある。
【００５４】
本発明の請求項８記載の発明は、分解槽の外周と分解槽を収容する筐体との回転径方向の隙間は、調整槽の仕切り板に設けられた小孔の開口幅または孔径より小さい構成とすれば、ドラム分解槽の中に、調整槽を通過した溶解性の有機物はもちろん、固形の有機物も確実に入り、有機物が分解槽を通過しないで水槽へ落下することがなく、有機物の分解効率が低下するのを防止することが出来る等の効果がある。
【００５５】
本発明の請求項９記載の発明は、分解槽の外周に付着した微生物等を掻き落とす手段を設けた構成により、分解槽の外周に付着した微生物によりその開口部が閉鎖され、有機物が分解槽に入らなくなったり、水や微生物が水槽に落ちなくなることを防止する等の効果がある。
【００５６】
本発明の請求項１０記載の発明によれば、分解槽の外周に向けたノズル部と、水槽内の水を調整槽に送るポンプ装置と調整槽の間に設けた切り替え弁または分岐部とを備え、ここからノズル部につながる構成とし、ポンプ装置の運転により、分解槽の外周に向け、水槽の水の一部分が噴射され、分解槽の外周部に付着した微生物を洗浄し、その開口部が閉鎖され、有機物が分解槽に入らなくなったり、水や微生物が水槽に落ちなくなることを防止する等の効果がある。
【００５７】
本発明の請求項１１記載の発明によれば、分解槽の外周部を非付着性の樹脂等で構成、または被覆した構成により、分解槽の外周部に微生物が付着しにくくなり、その開口部が閉鎖され、有機物が分解槽に入らなくなったり、水や微生物が水槽に落ちなくなることを防止する等の効果がある。
【００５８】
本発明の請求項１２記載の発明によれば、分解槽の回転を間欠的に運転させる制御手段を設けた構成とし、必要以上にろ材が撹拌されすぎ、必要以上の微生物が水槽に落下してしまい、有機物の分解能力が低下するのを防止するものである。また、これにより、回転駆動装置の運転時間を短縮し、耐久性を向上させることが出来る等の効果がある。
【００５９】
本発明の請求項１３記載の発明によれば、分解槽の回転を正反転させる制御手段を設けた構成とし、ろ材が偏らずに効率よく撹拌され、調整槽から落下してくる有機物をろ材全体に行き渡らせることができ、有機物の分解性能を向上できる効果がある。
【００６０】
本発明の請求項１４記載の発明によれば、分解槽内に少なくとも支柱または突起部のいずれか一方を設けた構成とし、分解槽の回転により、ろ材をまんべんなく撹拌することが出来、調整槽から落下してくる有機物をろ材全体に行き渡らせることができ、有機物の分解性能を向上できる効果がある。また、部分的にろ材同志がくっついて、塊となり酸素の供給できない部分が出来るのをこの支柱や突起部への衝突により防止する効果もある。
【００６１】
本発明の請求項１５記載の発明によれば、分解槽内に入れるろ材を多孔質部材で構成し、ドラムの回転により、ろ材を撹拌し、空気の通路を確保しても、有機物の分解に必要な量の微生物量はこの多孔質の部分に確保出来るため、より安定した有機物の分解を行うことが出来るという効果がある。
【００６２】
本発明の請求項１６記載の発明によれば、分解槽内に入れるろ材を体積あたりの微生物の付着面積を大きくするため、パイプ形で構成し、さらに、パイプの形状は、一方のパイプが他方のパイプの内側に少なくともパイプ長さの１／２以上入る形で構成したことにより、ドラムの回転によりろ材が撹拌したとき、パイプの内径側に詰まった微生物をパイプ同志の動きにより掻き落とすことが出来る形状となっている。このため、パイプの内径側が詰まって通気抵抗が大きくなり、微生物に酸素の供給が十分出来なくなるのを防止できる効果がある。
【００６３】
本発明の請求項１７記載の発明によれば、分解槽内に入れるろ材を内径側及び外径側に多数の凹凸や溝を設けたパイプ形に構成し、分解槽の回転により、ろ材を撹拌し、微生物を落下させ、空気の通路を確保しても、凹凸部や溝部には、有機物の分解に必要な量の微生物を確保出来るため、凹凸や溝のないパイプと同様の微生物付着面積を確保出来る。このため、安定した有機物の分解を行うことが出来るという効果がある。
【００６４】
本発明の請求項１８記載の発明によれば、水槽内の水や有機物等を調整槽に送るポンプ装置の吸水側にポンプランナーと同一軸で回転するカッターと、フィルタ部を近接して設け、カッターとフィルター部を微生物や固形状の有機物が通過する際、カッターの回転とフィルター部の間で固形状有機物や微生物がより細かく粉砕され、より分解されやすい状態となって調整槽、分解槽へ戻る。このため、有機物の分解や、微生物の分解が促進され、固形有機物や微生物もあまり残らず分解してしまうことが出来、メンテナンスの必要も無くなる等の効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の断面図
【図２】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の要部断面図
【図３】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の要部断面図
【図４】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の要部断面図
【図５】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の要部断面図
【図６】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の要部断面図
【図７】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置の要部断面図
【図８】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置のろ材の断面図
【図９】本発明の一実施例を示す生ごみ等の有機物の処理装置のろ材の断面図
【符号の説明】
４粉砕手段
６調整槽
１０分解槽
１０ｂ支柱
１０ｃ突起
１３ろ材
１３ｃ溝
１６駆動モータ
１７かき取り手段
１９水槽
２０ポンプ装置
２３送風装置
２４分解槽
２５弾性体
２６弾性体
２８ノズル
２９カッター
３０フィルター部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention mainly treats garbage such as garbage generated in a household kitchen and cooking waste liquid, which can be decomposed by microorganisms and allowed to flow into a sewer pipe.OrganicThe present invention relates to a processing apparatus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  Conventional garbage processing apparatuses are considered to have various configurations, such as those that are dried and reduced, those that are incinerated, and those that are decomposed by microorganisms. However, it is absolutely necessary to maintain the residue and medium after treatment, and there is no garbage treatment device that can treat garbage and kitchen cooking waste liquid without maintenance, and it treats microorganisms including domestic wastewater from the home. Equipment includes septic tanks and merged septic tanks.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  In conventional garbage processing equipment, there are things that are dried, reduced, incinerated, decomposed by microorganisms, etc., but when processing garbage, draining, transporting to treatment equipment, residues after treatment It was necessary to maintain the medium and the medium, and it was not easy to use because it smelled in the room and dripping occurred during transportation. In addition, a device with improved operability provided with a crushing means, etc. under the sink has a high concentration of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and solids flowing into the sewer pipe, clogging the sewer pipe, This will increase the processing capacity of the sewage treatment plant.
[0004]
  Furthermore, a method of providing a small septic tank (including a combined septic tank) after the pulverizing means, decomposing organic matter by microbial treatment, reducing BOD, and discharging it to a sewer pipe or a river is also considered. These representative aerobic microbial treatment methods include an activated sludge method, a biofilm method represented by a sprinkling filter method, and a rotating disc method. However, in these treatment methods, the sludge (microorganisms and dead bodies, etc.) is generated, the filter bed is blocked, the oxygen supply becomes insufficient, and the generated sludge has to be discharged. Therefore, the size of the treatment tank must be large enough to secure the biofilm adhesion area and oxygen supply necessary for the decomposition of a predetermined amount of organic matter, and further maintenance such as sludge treatment is necessary. Some of them have sex.
[0005]
  The present invention solves the problems of such a conventional garbage disposal apparatus, is small, and does not cause clogging of the filter bed due to sludge, and can eliminate waste after maintenance and treatment.OrganicAn object is to provide a processing apparatus.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention temporarily stores organic matter such as garbage that has been crushed by the pulverizing means, and includes an adjustment tank partitioned by a partition plate provided with a large number of small holes, and an organic substance that has flowed out of the adjustment tank. Contains a filter medium for depositing aerobically degrading microorganisms, a decomposition tank composed of drums having a large number of small holes, a water tank for storing water that has passed through these tanks, connected to a sewer pipe, and water in the water tank With the pump device that sends the water to the adjustment tank again, by rotating the decomposition tank, the filter media put in it rotate and collide with each other, dropping excessively attached microorganisms (sludge) etc. into the water tank I can do it. Therefore, even if a filter medium with a large specific surface area is put in this decomposition tank as a microorganism carrier, the filter bed is not blocked and a gap is formed between the filter media, so that a state where air can always pass can be maintained. For this reason, it is not necessary to have a large-capacity blowing means, and it is possible to increase the adhesion area of microorganisms and to reduce the size of the decomposition tank. In addition, sludge and organic substances that have fallen into the water tank due to the rotation of the decomposition tank are returned to the adjustment tank again by the pump device, and pass through the decomposition tank many times. It is possible to reduce the state of organic matter. For this reason, there is almost no need for maintenance such as sludge treatment, and the sludge can be passed directly to the sewer pipe.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a garbage etc.Organic matterCrushing means for crushing,A treatment tank connected to the pulverization means, an adjustment tank provided in the treatment tank so that organic matter such as raw garbage crushed by the pulverization means is temporarily stored, and a number of adjustment tanks below the adjustment tank in the treatment tank Separated by a partition plate provided with small holes, and has a large number of small holes inside which accommodates filter media for depositing microorganisms that decompose organic matter such as garbage.The decomposition tanks composed of drums and the water that has passed through these tanksAs we accumulateSewer pipeInIt is equipped with a connected water tank, a pump device that sends the water in the water tank to the adjustment tank, and a rotation drive means that rotates the drum-type decomposition tank, and is crushed by the crushing means and stored in the adjustment tankOrganic matterIs hydrolyzed until it becomes smaller than the hole diameter of the partition plate and gradually falls to the lower decomposition tank. In the decomposition tank, the dropped organic matter is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by microorganisms adhering to the filter bed, and water falls into the water tank. At this time, by rotating the decomposition tank, the filter media put in can rotate and collide with each other, and excessively attached microorganisms (sludge) can be dropped into the water tank. By this, even if a filter medium with a large specific surface area is put in this decomposition tank as a microorganism carrier, the filter bed is not blocked, and a gap is formed between the filter media, so that a state where air can always pass can be maintained. . For this reason, a large-capacity blowing means is not required, the area to which microorganisms are attached can be increased, and the size of the decomposition tank can be reduced. In addition, sludge and organic substances that have fallen into the water tank due to the rotation of the decomposition tank are returned to the adjustment tank again by the pump device, and pass through the decomposition tank many times. It is possible to reduce the state of organic matter. For this reason, the whole processing apparatus can be made small, there is almost no maintenance, and it can flow to a sewer pipe etc. as it is.
[0008]
  In the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention, by immersing a part of the decomposition tank according to claim 1 in the water of the water tank, the organic matter that has fallen into the water tank and is dissolved is also always applied to the filter medium in the decomposition tank. It can be decomposed by attached microorganisms. Therefore, the decomposition performance of organic matter is further improved. In addition, the water in the aquarium is constantly stirred to dissolve oxygen in the air and promote aerobic decomposition of organic substances in water.
[0009]
  Invention of Claim 3 of this invention comprises the decomposition tank of Claim 1 or 2 by a polygonal column, By rotating this polygonal column type decomposition tank, the filter medium put in it rotates, Microbes (sludge) that collide with each other and adhere excessively can be dropped into the aquarium, but at this time, the filter medium does not rotate smoothly like a cylindrical shape, but falls sharply with an inclination angle, and more reliably Microbes are dropped into the water tank.
[0010]
  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the decomposition tank is mounted on the shaft rotated by the rotary drive motor according to any one of the first to third aspects and two shafts provided substantially in parallel therewith, and the decomposition tank is rotated. Even if sludge and solid matter accumulate in the rotation transmission part with the decomposition tank, the decomposition tank is only placed on the rotation drive shaft, so there is no concern that the rotation stops. Further, since the decomposition tank having a large diameter is rotated by a shaft having a small diameter, a complicated speed reduction mechanism is not required, and a large torque can be obtained, so that the motor can be downsized. Moreover, even if the decomposition tank stops rotating, there is no fear that the motor or the like is subjected to a large load and is burned only by the slip of the rotary drive shaft.
[0011]
  The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is a shaft portion where the decomposition tank according to claim 4 and the two rotating shafts contact each other or the outer periphery of the decomposition tank.PartAt least one of them is made of an elastic body so that the power of the rotary drive shaft can be transmitted to the decomposition tank reliably and with less noise.
[0012]
  The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention is a shaft portion where the decomposition tank according to claims 4 and 5 and the two rotating shafts contact each other, or the outer periphery of the decomposition tank.PartThe at least one of these is provided with irregularities, so that the power of the rotary drive shaft can be reliably transmitted to the decomposition tank, and at the same time, vibrations due to the irregularities are given to the decomposition tank, and the vibration is also added to remove excessive sludge. It is surely dropped into the water tank to prevent the filter bed from being clogged and to ensure the aerobic decomposition of organic substances by microorganisms.
[0013]
  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the width or the hole diameter of the small hole provided on the outer periphery of the decomposition tank according to any one of the first to third aspects is the opening width of the small hole provided in the partition plate of the adjustment tank or It is configured to have a part larger than the pore diameter, and in the decomposition tank, not only soluble organic substances that have passed through the adjustment tank but also solid organic substances surely enter, and the organic substances fall into the water tank without passing through the decomposition tank. This prevents the degradation efficiency of organic matter from decreasing.
[0014]
  Invention of Claim 8 of this invention accommodates the outer periphery and decomposition tank of the decomposition tank of Claims 1-3.Treatment tankIf the gap in the rotational radial direction is smaller than the opening width or the hole diameter of the small holes provided in the partition plate of the adjustment tank, the decomposition tank, of course, the soluble organic matter that has passed through the adjustment tank, Solid organic matter also enters reliably, the organic matter does not pass through the decomposition tank and does not fall into the water tank, and it can be prevented that the organic substance decomposition efficiency is lowered.
[0015]
  The invention according to claim 9 of the present invention has a structure provided with a means for scraping off microorganisms attached to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank according to claims 1 to 3, so that the opening is formed by microorganisms attached to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank. It is closed to prevent organic matter from entering the decomposition tank and preventing water and microorganisms from falling into the water tank.
[0016]
  The invention according to claim 10 of the present invention includes a nozzle portion directed to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank according to claims 1 to 3, a pump device for feeding water in the water tank to the adjustment tank, and the adjustment tankWhenSwitching valve or branch provided betweenWhenWiththisSwitching valve or branchAnd the nozzle partWith the operation of the pump device, a part of the water in the water tank is jetted toward the outer periphery of the decomposition tank, the microorganisms adhering to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank are washed, the opening is closed, and the organic matter is put into the decomposition tank. Prevents water from entering or not falling into the aquarium.
[0017]
  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the structure in which the outer peripheral portion of the decomposition tank according to the first to third aspects is configured or covered with a non-adhesive resin or the like makes it difficult for microorganisms to adhere to the outer peripheral portion of the decomposition tank. The opening is closed to prevent the organic matter from entering the drum-type and polygonal column-type decomposition tanks and preventing water and microorganisms from falling into the water tank.
[0018]
  Invention of Claim 12 of this invention sets it as the structure which drives rotation of the decomposition tank of Claims 1-3 intermittently, a filter medium is stirred too much more than necessary, and the microorganisms more than necessary fall to a water tank. In other words, it is possible to prevent the degradation ability of the organic matter from being lowered. Further, this can shorten the operation time of the rotary drive device and improve the durability.
[0019]
  Invention of Claim 13 of this invention is set as the structure which reverse | inverts the rotation of the decomposition tank of Claims 1-3 normally, the filter medium is efficiently stirred without bias, and the organic matter falling from the adjustment tank is removed from the entire filter medium. It is possible to improve the decomposition performance of organic matter.
[0020]
  In the invention according to claim 14 of the present invention, at least one of the support column or the protrusion is provided in the decomposition tank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the filter medium can be uniformly stirred by the rotation of the decomposition tank. The organic matter falling from the adjustment tank can be spread over the entire filter medium, and the decomposition performance of the organic matter can be improved. In addition, it is possible to prevent a part of the filter media from sticking to each other and forming a lump and a portion where oxygen cannot be supplied by the collision with the support column and the projection.
[0021]
  According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the filter medium placed in the decomposition tank according to any one of the first to third aspects is constituted by a porous member, and the filter medium is stirred by rotation of the drum to secure an air passage. In addition, since the amount of microorganisms necessary for the decomposition of the organic matter can be secured in this porous portion, the organic matter can be more stably decomposed.
[0022]
  In the invention of claim 16 of the present invention, the filter medium put in the decomposition tank of claims 1 to 3 is formed in a pipe shape in order to increase the adhesion area of microorganisms per volume, and the shape of the pipe is By constructing one pipe so that it is at least 1/2 of the pipe length inside the other pipe, when the filter medium is agitated by the rotation of the drum, the microbes clogged on the inner diameter side of the pipe move together. The shape can be scraped off. For this reason, it can be prevented that the inner diameter side of the pipe is clogged and the ventilation resistance is increased and oxygen cannot be sufficiently supplied to the microorganisms. Therefore, the problem of the conventional pipe-shaped filter medium, that is, the fact that the inner diameter side is microorganisms, that is, the air permeability is deteriorated, and the adhesion area is extremely reduced can be solved.
[0023]
  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, the filter medium placed in the decomposition tank according to the sixteenth aspect is configured in a pipe shape having a large number of irregularities and grooves on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side, and the filter medium is formed by rotating the drum. Even if the microorganisms are dropped and the air passage is secured, the amount of microorganisms necessary for the decomposition of the organic matter can be secured in the irregularities and grooves, so that the same microorganisms adhere to the pipes without irregularities and grooves. The area can be secured. For this reason, it is possible to stably decompose organic substances.
[0024]
  The invention described in claim 18 of the present invention is provided with a cutter and a filter unit that rotate on the same axis as the pump runner on the water absorption side of the pump device that sends the water, organic matter, etc. in the water tank described in claims 1 to 3 to the adjustment tank. Provided in close proximity, when microorganisms and solid organic matter pass through the cutter and filter unit, the solid organic matter and microorganisms are finely crushed between the rotation of the cutter and the filter unit, and are adjusted to be more easily decomposed. Return to tank and decomposition tank. For this reason, decomposition of organic matter and microorganisms are promoted, solid organic matter and microorganisms can be decomposed without much, and maintenance is not required.
[0025]
【Example】
  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0026]
  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a sink, and a crushing means 4 is provided at a drain port 3 of the sink 2. The crushing means 4 and the adjustment tank 6 of the treatment tank 5 are connected by a pipe 8 via a switching valve 7. The adjustment tank 6 is a wire mesh partition plate 9 and is separated from the drum-type decomposition tank 10. The adjustment tank 6 has a stirring bar 12 driven by a stirring device 11 and rotates on the upper surface of the partition plate 9. Below the adjustment tank 6 is a drum-type decomposition tank 10 whose outer periphery is configured in a net shape, and a predetermined amount of a filter medium 13 for adhering microorganisms for aerobically decomposing organic substances is filled therein. Has been.
[0027]
  In addition, two shafts 14 and 15 are pivotally supported in parallel in the processing tank 5, and a drum-type decomposition tank 10 is placed in the horizontal direction. One of the two shafts is connected to the drive motor 16, and the other one rotates freely. Further, scraping means 17 is provided on the side surface of the processing tank 5 so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral net portion 10 a of the drum-type decomposition tank 10. A receiving portion 18 is provided below the partition plate 9 near the upper outer periphery of the drum-type decomposition tank 10, and the gap is smaller than the opening length of the wire mesh partition plate 9.
[0028]
  Below the drum-type decomposition tank 10, there is a water tank 19, to which the suction side of the pump 20 is connected, and the discharge side of the pump 20 is connected to the adjustment tank 6. In addition, there are intake and exhaust ports 21 and 22 above the adjustment tank 6 and the water tank 19 so that air can be forced into the drum-type decomposition tank 10 by the blower 23.
[0029]
  Since the opening width of the net shape of the decomposition tank 10 is set to be larger than the opening width of the wire mesh of the partition plate 9 of the adjustment tank 6, the solid matter flowing out from the partition plate 9 of the adjustment tank 6 is removed from the opening of the decomposition tank 10. It is possible to enter the decomposition tank 10 from the part. Further, since the rotational gap s between the inner wall of the treatment tank 5 and the decomposition tank 10 is set to be smaller than the opening width of the wire mesh of the partition plate 9 of the adjustment tank 6, The solid matter flowing out from the plate 9 is prevented from falling directly into the water tank 19 through the gap s.
[0030]
  As shown in FIG. 2, the lower part of the drum-type decomposition tank 10 may be submerged in the drainage of the water tank 19.
[0031]
  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, there may be provided a decomposition tank 24 in which the drum has a hollow polygonal column shape instead of a cylindrical shape. Since the decomposition tank 24 has a hexagonal column shape, the decomposition tank 24 cannot be rotated if the cylindrical decomposition tank 10 is mounted on the two shafts 14 and 15 as shown in FIG. A pulley 24 a provided for rotating the motor and the drive motor 16 are stretched by a belt, and the decomposition tank 24 is rotated by the rotational force of the drive motor 16. Note that when the polygonal column shape is made closer to a cylindrical shape such as an octagonal column or a 10-sided column, the decomposition tank 24 can be rotated by the method shown in FIG.
[0032]
  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer periphery of the shaft 14 that is in contact with the drum-type disassembling tank 10 and connected to the drive motor 16 is composed of an elastic body 25 such as rubber, or as shown in FIG. Mold decomposition tank10There is also a configuration in which an elastic body 26 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the.
[0033]
  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, in the tank of the drum-type decomposition tank 10, the support | pillar 10b and protrusion 10c for stirring the filter medium 13 with which it filled were provided.
[0034]
  As shown in FIG. 7, it is branched from the middle of a pipe 26 connected to the adjustment tank 6 from the discharge side of the pump 20, and connected to a nozzle part 28 provided toward the outer peripheral part 10 a of the drum-type decomposition tank 10. There are also configurations. Furthermore, there is a configuration in which a cutter 29 that rotates on the same axis as the pump runner 20 a and the filter unit 30 are provided close to the water absorption side of the pump 20.
[0035]
  Such as garbage configured as aboveOrganicThe operation of the processing apparatus will be described.
[0036]
  When the garbage generated in the kitchen is put into the pulverizing means 4 and water is poured while turning on the power, the crushed garbage, drainage, and cooking waste liquid are passed through the pipe 8 into the treatment tank 5. Enter adjustment tank 6. The pulverized organic matter such as garbage is stirred by the stirring rod 12, the thing larger than the opening of the partition plate 9 remains on the adjustment tank 6, and other fine solids and liquids gradually become a drum-type decomposition tank. Reach 10
[0037]
  The outer periphery of the drum-type disassembly tank 1010Since “a” is configured in a net shape, these liquid components and fine solid components enter the drum-type decomposition tank 10, and the organic matter is decomposed by the microorganisms that are deposited on the filter medium 13. Then, the water after being decomposed and the organic matter that has not been decomposed are once stored in the water tank 19, and are stored in the adjustment tank 6 by the pump 20.Returned.
[0038]
  Moreover, outside air is sucked in from the air inlet 21 of the adjustment tank 6 by the blower 23 and oxygen is supplied to the microorganisms while passing between the partition plate 9 and the filter medium 13 of the drum-type decomposition tank 10 to decompose organic matter. Facilitate. And together with the generated carbon dioxide, it is sucked into the blower 23 and released to the sewer pipe and the outside air.
[0039]
  The drum-type decomposition tank 10 is rotated through the shaft 14 by the rotation of the drive motor 16 to stir the filled filter medium 13 so that the organic matter dropped from the adjustment tank 6 is in contact with the filter medium 13 evenly. Yes. In addition, microorganisms that have grown too much due to the decomposition of organic matter, dead bodies of microorganisms, and the like are dropped into the lower water tank 19 by rotation to prevent clogging between the filter media 13 and to keep oxygen supplied to the microorganisms. The dropped microorganisms are stored in the water tank 19 together with the organic matter that could not be decomposed, returned to the adjustment tank 6 by the pump 20, and the self-decomposition of microorganisms and the decomposition of organic matter are repeated while this operation is repeated. There is almost no residual organic matter, and the BOD concentration can be lowered, and this waste water is discharged toward the sewer pipe.
[0040]
  In this way, just by putting the garbage into the crushing means 4, the microorganisms become garbage.etcOf organic matter finally decomposes into water and carbon dioxideFlow to sewer pipeSuch as maintenance after processing, garbage after processing, etc.Organic matterThere is no need for transportation.
[0041]
  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, since a part of the drum-type decomposition tank 10 is always in the drainage of the water tank 19, the organic matter in the drainage of the water tank 19 is also always decomposed. As a result, oxygen can be mixed into the waste water, and the decomposition of organic matter can be further promoted.
[0042]
  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, by rotating the polygonal column type decomposition tank 24, the filter media 13 put therein rotate, collide with each other, and drop excessive microorganisms (sludge) or the like into the water tank 19. However, at this time, unlike the cylindrical shape, the filter medium 13 does not rotate smoothly but falls sharply at an inclination angle, and the microorganisms are more reliably dropped into the water tank 19.
[0043]
  4 and 5, an elastic body 26 is provided on the outer periphery of the decomposition tank 10 by using an elastic body 25 at a portion where the drum-type decomposition tank 10 and the shafts 14 and 15 are in contact with each other. As a result, the rotational force of the shaft 14 can be transmitted reliably and with less noise. Further, by providing irregularities on the outer circumferences of the elastic bodies 25 and 26, the drum-type decomposition vessel 10 is vibrated so that stirring and microbial dropping can be performed more reliably.
[0044]
  Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a column 10 b and a protrusion 10 c for stirring the filled filter medium 13 are provided in the tank of the drum-type decomposition tank 10. Therefore, the filter medium 13 can be stirred evenly by the rotation of the decomposition tank 10, the organic matter falling from the adjustment tank 9 can be spread over the entire filter medium 13, and the decomposition performance of the organic matter can be improved. In addition, it is possible to prevent the parts of the filter media 13 from being partially bonded to each other and forming a part that cannot be supplied with oxygen by collision with the column 10b or the protrusion 10c. Needless to say, if any one of the pillars 10b or the protrusions 10c is provided, the decomposition performance of the organic matter can be improved.
[0045]
  Further, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, when the pump 20 is operated, waste water is injected from the nozzle portion 28 toward the outer peripheral portion 10 a of the drum-type decomposition tank 10, and the force of the drum-type decomposition tank 10 is Microorganisms adhering to the outer peripheral portion 10a are washed so that the opening of the outer peripheral portion 10a is not blocked. Moreover, the drainage of the water tank 19 is sent to the adjustment tank 6 by the operation of the pump 20, and at this time, the cutter 29 configured integrally with the runner of the pump 20 rotates, and solid organic matter or Microorganisms are further finely pulverized and fed into the adjustment tank 6.
[0046]
  In addition, the pipe-shaped filter medium can take a considerably large area of microorganisms, but there is a problem that the inner diameter side is microorganisms, that is, the air permeability is deteriorated, and the adhesion area is extremely reduced. However, the pipe-shaped filter medium shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is agitated by the drum-type decomposition tank 10 so that one pipe-type filter medium 13a enters the inner diameter side of the other pipe-type filter medium 13b and is more than half of the pipe length. Microorganisms are scraped off, making it difficult to block the inner diameter side of the pipe-shaped filter medium 13. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, in the case of a pipe-shaped filter medium 13 having grooves 13c on the inner and outer diameter sides, even if microorganisms are scraped off due to buffering between the filter media, the grooves 13c are not scraped off, leaving microorganisms. Therefore, the adhesion area of microorganisms necessary for decomposition can be secured.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
  According to the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention, by rotating the decomposition tank, the filter media put in can rotate, collide with each other, and drop excessive microorganisms (sludge) etc. into the water tank. I can do it. For this reason, in order to increase the decomposition ability, even if a filter medium with a large specific surface area is put in this decomposition tank as a microbial carrier, the filter bed is not clogged, and there is a gap between the filter medium, so that air can always pass through. There is an effect that can be maintained. For this reason, there is an effect that a large-capacity blowing means is not required, the area to which microorganisms are attached can be increased, the size of the decomposition tank can be reduced, and the entire processing tank can be reduced. In addition, sludge and organic substances that have fallen into the water tank due to the rotation of the decomposition tank are returned to the adjustment tank again by the pump device, and pass through the decomposition tank many times. It is possible to reduce the state of organic matter. For this reason, there is an effect that the entire processing apparatus can be made small, maintenance is hardly required, and it can be directly flowed into a sewer pipe or the like.
[0048]
  According to the invention described in claim 2 of the present invention, a part of the decomposition tank is immersed in the water of the water tank, so that the organic matter that has fallen into the water tank and dissolved therein always adheres to the filter medium in the decomposition tank. It is decomposed by. Therefore, the decomposition performance of organic matter is further improved. In addition, the water in the aquarium is constantly stirred to dissolve oxygen in the air and promote the aerobic decomposition of organic substances in the water.
[0049]
  According to invention of Claim 3 of this invention, a decomposition tank is comprised with a polygonal column, By rotating this polygonal column type decomposition tank, the filter medium put in rotates, it collides with each other, excess Microbes (sludge) etc. adhering to the water can be dropped into the aquarium, but at this time, the filter medium does not rotate smoothly like a cylindrical shape, but drops sharply at an inclination angle, and the microorganisms are more reliably dropped into the aquarium. It has the effect of preventing the filter bed from being clogged and reliably performing aerobic decomposition of organic substances by microorganisms.
[0050]
  According to invention of Claim 4 of this invention, it is set as the structure which mounts a decomposition tank on the axis | shaft rotated by a rotation drive motor, and two axis | shafts provided substantially parallel to this, and rotates a decomposition tank, Even if sludge or solid matter accumulates in the rotation transmission part, the decomposition tank is only placed on the rotation drive shaft, so there is no concern that the rotation stops. In addition, since the drum disassembling tank having a large diameter is rotated by a shaft having a small diameter, a complicated speed reduction mechanism is not required, and a large torque can be obtained, so that the motor can be downsized. In addition, even if the decomposition tank stops rotating, there is an effect that there is no fear that the motor or the like is subjected to a large load and is burned only by slipping of the rotary drive shaft.
[0051]
  According to the invention described in claim 5 of the present invention, the shaft portion in contact with the decomposition tank and the two rotation shafts or the outer periphery of the rotation tank is formed of an elastic body, and the power of the rotary drive shaft is reliably supplied to the decomposition tank. In addition, there is an effect that noise is less generated and can be transmitted.
[0052]
  According to the invention of claim 6 of the present invention, the shaft portion where the decomposition tank and the two rotating shafts are in contact with each other or the outer periphery of the decomposition tank is provided with irregularities so that the power of the rotary drive shaft is reliably supplied to the decomposition tank. At the same time, the drum-type decomposition tank is vibrated by unevenness, and the excess sludge is surely dropped into the water tank to prevent the clogging of the filter bed, and the aerobic decomposition of organic substances by microorganisms is ensured. There is an effect that can be done.
[0053]
  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the opening or the hole diameter of the small hole provided on the outer periphery of the decomposition tank is provided with a portion larger than the opening width or the hole diameter of the small hole provided on the partition plate of the adjustment tank. In the decomposition tank, solid organic matter as well as soluble organic matter that has passed through the adjustment tank are surely entered, and organic substances are prevented from falling into the water tank without passing through the decomposition tank. Thus, there is an effect of preventing the degradation efficiency of organic matter from being lowered.
[0054]
  In the invention according to claim 8 of the present invention, the rotational radial gap between the outer periphery of the decomposition tank and the housing accommodating the decomposition tank is smaller than the opening width or the hole diameter of the small holes provided in the partition plate of the adjustment tank. If it is configured, not only the soluble organic matter that has passed through the adjustment tank but also solid organic matter will surely enter the drum decomposition tank, so that the organic substance will not fall into the water tank without passing through the decomposition tank. There is an effect that the degradation efficiency can be prevented.
[0055]
  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the opening is closed by the microorganisms adhering to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank, and the organic matter is decomposed in the decomposition tank. And prevents water and microorganisms from falling into the aquarium.
[0056]
  According to the invention described in claim 10 of the present invention, the nozzle portion directed toward the outer periphery of the decomposition tank, the pump device for sending the water in the water tank to the adjustment tank, and the switching valve or the branch portion provided between the adjustment tanks. It is configured to connect to the nozzle part from here, and by the operation of the pump device, a part of the water in the water tank is jetted toward the outer periphery of the decomposition tank, washing the microorganisms adhering to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank, and the opening part is It is closed, and there are effects such as preventing the organic matter from entering the decomposition tank and preventing water and microorganisms from falling into the water tank.
[0057]
  According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the structure in which the outer peripheral portion of the decomposition tank is constituted by or coated with a non-adhesive resin or the like makes it difficult for microorganisms to adhere to the outer peripheral portion of the decomposition tank, and the opening thereof. Is closed, preventing the organic matter from entering the decomposition tank and preventing water and microorganisms from falling into the water tank.
[0058]
  According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the control means for intermittently operating the rotation of the decomposition tank is provided, the filter medium is excessively agitated more than necessary, and excessive microorganisms fall into the water tank. In other words, it is possible to prevent the degradation ability of the organic matter from being lowered. This also has effects such as shortening the operation time of the rotary drive device and improving durability.
[0059]
  According to invention of Claim 13 of this invention, it is set as the structure which provided the control means to reversely rotate rotation of a decomposition tank, a filter medium is stirred efficiently without bias, and the organic substance which falls from an adjustment tank is made to the whole filter medium. And has the effect of improving the decomposition performance of organic matter.
[0060]
  According to invention of Claim 14 of this invention, it is set as the structure which provided at least one of the support | pillar or the protrusion in the decomposition tank, and the filter medium can be stirred evenly by rotation of the decomposition tank. The falling organic substance can be spread over the entire filter medium, and the organic substance decomposition performance can be improved. In addition, there is also an effect of preventing the formation of a part in which the filter media are partially bonded to each other and cannot be supplied with oxygen by the collision with the support pillars and the protrusions.
[0061]
  According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the filter medium to be put into the decomposition tank is composed of a porous member, and even if the filter medium is stirred by rotation of the drum and an air passage is secured, the organic substance is decomposed. Since the necessary amount of microorganisms can be ensured in this porous portion, there is an effect that more stable decomposition of organic matter can be performed.
[0062]
  According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in order to increase the adhesion area of microorganisms per volume, the filter medium put in the decomposition tank is configured in a pipe shape, and the shape of the pipe is such that one pipe is the other. When the filter medium is stirred by the rotation of the drum, microorganisms clogged on the inner diameter side of the pipe can be scraped off by the movement of the pipes. It has a shape that can be done. For this reason, there is an effect that it is possible to prevent clogging of the inner diameter side of the pipe and increase the ventilation resistance and prevent sufficient supply of oxygen to microorganisms.
[0063]
  According to the invention described in claim 17 of the present invention, the filter medium to be put in the cracking tank is formed in a pipe shape provided with a large number of irregularities and grooves on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side, and the filter medium is stirred by rotation of the cracking tank. However, even if microorganisms are dropped and air passages are secured, the amount of microorganisms necessary for the decomposition of organic matter can be secured in the uneven portions and groove portions. It can be secured. For this reason, there exists an effect that the organic substance can be decomposed stably.
[0064]
  According to the invention of claim 18 of the present invention, a cutter that rotates on the same axis as the pump runner and a filter portion are provided close to the water absorption side of the pump device that sends water, organic matter, etc. in the water tank to the adjustment tank, When microorganisms and solid organic matter pass through the cutter and filter section, the solid organic matter and microorganisms are more finely pulverized between the rotation of the cutter and the filter section, making it easier to be decomposed into the adjustment tank and decomposition tank Return. For this reason, there is an effect that decomposition of organic matter and microorganisms are promoted, solid organic matter and microorganisms can be completely decomposed, and maintenance is not required.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of the present invention such as garbageOrganicCross section of processing equipment
FIG. 2 shows an example of garbage such as garbageOrganicCross-sectional view of main parts of processing equipment
FIG. 3 shows an example of garbage such as garbageOrganicCross-sectional view of main parts of processing equipment
FIG. 4 shows a garbage etc. showing an embodiment of the present invention.OrganicCross-sectional view of main parts of processing equipment
FIG. 5 shows garbage such as garbage showing an embodiment of the present invention.OrganicCross-sectional view of main parts of processing equipment
FIG. 6 shows a garbage etc. showing an embodiment of the present invention.OrganicCross-sectional view of main parts of processing equipment
FIG. 7 shows garbage such as garbage showing an embodiment of the present invention.OrganicCross-sectional view of main parts of processing equipment
FIG. 8 shows garbage such as garbage showing an embodiment of the present invention.OrganicCross-sectional view of filter medium of processing equipment
FIG. 9 shows garbage such as garbage showing an embodiment of the present invention.OrganicCross-sectional view of filter medium of processing equipment
[Explanation of symbols]
  4 Crushing means
  6 Adjustment tank
  10 Decomposition tank
  10b Prop
  10c protrusion
  13 Filter media
  13c groove
  16 Drive motor
  17 Scraping means
  19 Aquarium
  20 Pumping device
  23 Blower
  24 Decomposition tank
  25 Elastic body
  26 Elastic body
  28 nozzles
  29 Cutter
  30 Filter section

Claims

Pulverizing means for pulverizing organic matter such as garbage, a processing tank connected to the pulverizing means, and an adjustment tank provided in the processing tank so that organic substances such as raw garbage pulverized by the pulverizing means are temporarily stored; A filter medium that is provided by being separated by a partition plate provided with a large number of small holes below the adjustment tank in the treatment tank, and that has a large number of small holes and deposits microorganisms that decompose organic matter such as garbage inside. a decomposition tank made of accommodating the drum rotation for rotating a water tank connected to the sewer together with the accumulating water that has passed through these tanks, a pump device for feeding water in the water tank to the equalizing tank, the drum-type decomposition bath An apparatus for treating organic matter such as garbage, which is provided with a driving means.

The apparatus for treating organic matter such as garbage according to claim 1, wherein a part of the decomposition tank is immersed in the water of a water tank located under the decomposition tank.

The apparatus for treating organic matter such as garbage according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the decomposition tank is a polygonal column.

The processing apparatus for organic matter such as garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a decomposition tank is placed on a shaft that is rotationally driven by a rotational drive motor and two shafts provided substantially in parallel therewith.

The processing unit for organic matter such as garbage according to claim 4, wherein the shaft contacting the decomposition tank and the two rotating shafts or the outer peripheral portion of the decomposition tank is formed of an elastic body having a large friction coefficient.

6. The processing apparatus for organic matter such as garbage according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein unevenness is provided on a shaft portion where the decomposition tank and the two rotating shafts contact each other or an outer peripheral portion of the decomposition tank .

The opening width or hole diameter of a large number of small holes provided on the outer periphery of the decomposition tank is provided with a portion having a larger dimension than the opening width or hole diameter of the small holes provided in the partition plate of the adjustment tank. Processing equipment for organic waste such as garbage.

Periphery and the drum radial gap between the processing tank for accommodating the decomposition vessel decomposition tank, any of claims 1 to 3 in which the opening width or diameter less than the construction of small holes provided in the partition plate of the equalizing tank A processing apparatus for organic matter such as garbage according to claim 1 .

The apparatus for treating organic matter such as garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising means for scraping off microorganisms and the like attached to the outer periphery of the decomposition tank.

A nozzle part directed toward the outer periphery of the decomposition tank; and a switching valve or a branch part provided between the adjustment tank and a pump device that sends water in the water tank to the adjustment tank . The switching valve or the branch part and the nozzle part The processing apparatus of organic substances, such as garbage, of any one of Claims 1-3 of the structure which connected .

The processing apparatus of organic substances, such as garbage, of any one of Claims 1-3 which comprised or coat | covered the outer peripheral part which provided many small holes of the decomposition tank with non-adhesive resin etc.

The processing apparatus for organic matter such as garbage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the decomposition tank is rotated intermittently.

The processing apparatus of organic substances, such as garbage, of any one of Claims 1-3 which reverse | inverts rotation of a decomposition tank forward.

The processing apparatus of organic substances, such as garbage, of any one of Claims 1-3 which provided at least any one of the support | pillar or the protrusion part in the decomposition tank.

The processing apparatus of organic substances, such as garbage, of any one of Claims 1-3 which comprised the filter medium accommodated in a decomposition tank with the porous member.

The filter medium accommodated in the decomposition tank is configured in a pipe shape, and the shape of the pipe is configured such that one pipe can enter at least 1/2 of the pipe length inside the other pipe. The processing apparatus of organic matters, such as garbage of any one of -3.

17. The apparatus for treating organic matter such as garbage according to claim 16, wherein the filter medium accommodated in the decomposition tank has a pipe shape in which a large number of irregularities and grooves are provided in an inner diameter and an outer shape.

The processing apparatus of organic matters, such as garbage, of Claims 1-3 which provided the cutter and filter part which rotate on the water absorption side of a pump apparatus with the same axis | shaft as a pump runner in proximity.