JP2002152569A - Cinema signal generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cinema signal generating system capable of providing a 24P cinema signal comprising variable speed for slow and fast forwarding using an image pickup device and a recording device of a simple configuration. SOLUTION: There are provided an image pickup 1 to provide a progressive image pickup signal of various frame rates, a frame rate conversion part 2 in which the progressive image pickup signal at various frame rates is converted into a prescribed frame-rate output, a recording device 3 which records the output signal of the frame rate conversion part 2, and a playback device 4 which plays back the record signal provided by the recording device 3. The recording device 3 records at the output rate of the frame rate conversion part 2 which provides a prescribed rate at all times, and the playback device 4 changes the playback speed of the recorded image pickup signal according to the frame rate before conversion at the frame rate conversion part 2 and outputs so that the substantial number of frames equals to a prescribed number.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a cinema signal generating system which can be used in an electronic cinema system for photographing and processing a movie electronically instead of a film.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the development of HD (High Definition) broadcasting equipment, the movement to electronic cinema systems and the like for digitizing movies, that is, replacing conventional films with video tapes and the like, has become active, and the field frequency of television has increased. 60H
From z, the frame frequency of the movie must be 24 Hz, and the scanning method must be compatible with the interlaced scanning method (hereinafter, denoted by i) and the progressive scanning method (hereinafter, denoted by P).

As a system configuration for electronically generating a cinema signal, an image pickup apparatus for obtaining a 24P signal (progressive signal having a frame frequency of 24 Hz) as an image pickup signal, a recording apparatus for recording the rate of the 24P signal,
The system configuration is a playback device that plays back signals.

At present, in the HD image system, SMPTE 274M and SM
Each of PTE296M has a system with 1080 scanning lines (10
80 systems) and 720 scanning lines (720P system)
Has standardized a 24P signal.

[0005] As a configuration of a conventional cinema signal creation system, for example, there is a configuration shown in FIG. In FIG. 21, 31 is an imaging device capable of outputting a P imaging signal, and 32 is 2
A recording device compatible with 4P (24P recording device), and 33 is a reproducing device.

The operation of the conventional cinema signal generation system configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described below.

FIGS. 22 and 23 show signal waveform diagrams of output waveforms a to c from respective parts of the cinema signal creation system shown in FIG. That is, a is an output signal of the imaging device 31,
b is a recording signal of the 24P recording device 32, and c is an output signal of the reproducing device 33 for reproducing the signal recorded by the 24P recording device 32. Each number in the drawing indicates a frame number of each signal.

[0008] The image pickup device 31 is shown in FIG.
1), (a2), (a3),..., (A6) each frame rate (24 Hz, 60 Hz, 48 Hz, 30H)
(p, z, 20 Hz, 15 Hz). For example, FIG. 22 (a1) shows a case of a 24P frame rate imaging signal. In this case, the recording device 32 records at a recording speed of 1 (FIG. 22 (b1)). The playback device 33 also plays back at 1 × speed (FIG. 22 (c
1)), a 24P signal which is a so-called cinema signal output signal can be obtained.

Here, in 24P playback, fast-forward or slow-motion playback may be necessary for producing a cinema signal for a staging effect. To do this, it is necessary to change the output rate of the output of the imaging device 31 and correspondingly change the recording speed of the recording device 32, and the reproducing device 33 needs to reproduce at a 1x speed of the 24P rate. For example,
When it is desired to perform slow-motion playback at 2/5 speed, the output signal of the imaging device 31 is set to 60 as shown in FIG.
As a P image signal, the recording device 32 records the recording speed at 2/5 times the recording speed as shown in FIG. 22 (b2). The reproduction device 33 reproduces this signal at 1 × speed, so that the
Since a signal of 0 frames is converted into a signal of 24 frames, 24 /
A slow-motion cinema signal of 60 = 2/5 speed is obtained. Similarly, when the output signal of the imaging device 31 is 48P
FIGS. 22 (a3), (b3) and (c3) show the case of signals.
FIGS. 23 (a4), (b4) and (c) show the case of a 30P signal.
See 4).

On the other hand, when fast forward reproduction is desired,
As shown in FIG. 3 (a5), the imaging device 31 outputs, for example, a 20P imaging signal at a rate lower than 24P. In the recording device 32, as shown in FIG.
Double and record. When this signal is reproduced at 1 × speed by the reproducing device 33, a signal of 20 frames is normally converted into a signal of 24 frames, so that a fast-forward cinema signal is obtained.
Similarly, when the output signal of the imaging device 31 is a 15P signal (at 24/15 × speed), FIGS.
6) and (c6).

In this manner, the conventional cinema signal creation system can create a normal 24P cinema signal and also create a slow motion and fast-forward 24P cinema signal.

[0012]

However, in the above-described conventional cinema signal creation system, the usual 24P cinema signal creation and slow motion, fast forward 24P
Although a cinema signal can be created, the recording speed of the recording device needs to be changed according to the imaging signal output rate of the imaging device, and the circuit scale and power are increased. Therefore, for example, VT
When realizing an imaging device and a recording device in an R-integrated imaging device, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the size and power consumption, and it is difficult to realize the device.

In view of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cinema signal generating system which can be realized without increasing the circuit scale of a recording apparatus, for example, by using an image pickup apparatus and a recording apparatus using, for example, a VTR integrated type imaging apparatus. And

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides an image pickup apparatus for obtaining progressive image pickup signals of various frame rates, a recording apparatus for recording an output signal of the image pickup apparatus, and a recording apparatus. A reproducing device for reproducing a recording signal, the imaging device converts the image signal of various frame rates to a predetermined frame rate by a frame rate conversion unit that converts the frame rate, and outputs the image signal.
A predetermined frame rate signal recorded by the recording device is output by the reproduction device at a different reproduction speed according to each frame rate before conversion of the imaging device.

Thus, various frame rate image pickup signals can be recorded at a predetermined frame rate, and the actual number of frames of the reproduction signal can be made a predetermined number by changing the reproduction speed.

Further, according to the present invention, the frame rate conversion unit has a frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit for calculating a ratio between a frame rate before conversion and a frame rate after conversion.
The conversion ratio is n / m (where n and m are integers and n ≦ m, and n
Is before conversion and m is after conversion), and when n is 1, the signal of each frame of the frame rate before conversion is copied (m-1) times at the frame rate after conversion. If n is not 1, a part or all of the n-frame signal is set so that the time for the n-frame of the signal at the frame rate before the conversion matches the time for the m-frame at the frame rate after the conversion. The frame signal is copied and output at the rate of the converted frame so that the total number of copies becomes (m−n), and converted so that a regular frame signal sequence can be formed every m frames. It is composed.

Thus, the method of converting the frame rate can be selected according to the ratio between the frame rate before conversion and the frame rate after conversion.

Further, according to the present invention, when the frame rate after the conversion by the frame rate conversion unit is 60 frames and the substantial number of frames in the reproducing apparatus is 24 frames (24P), each frame of the input 60 frames is The signal is repeated such that the first frame is twice, the next frame is three times, or the first frame is three times, and the next frame is twice the same frame signal for two different sets of frame signals. Then, the reproduction speed is converted by copying or deleting the frame.

As a result, a so-called 2-3 pull-down reproduced signal is obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, when the image pickup apparatus has a solid-state image sensor and obtains progressive signals of various frame rates by controlling the accumulation time, the driving pulse control circuit controls the driving method of the solid-state image sensor. The read pulse is output at the rate of the accumulation time for obtaining the desired frame rate, and the rate of the horizontal and vertical transfer pulses is set so that the output signal of the solid-state image sensor becomes the same as the frame rate after the conversion by the frame rate converter. It is composed.

As a result, a signal having the same frame rate as that of the signal input to the converter is obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the image pickup apparatus has a flag signal generation section for generating a flag signal indicating a transition point at which a signal group of a frame copied by the frame rate conversion section changes to a signal group of the next frame. This signal is recorded and held by the recording device together with the signal output from the imaging device, and the reproducing device is configured to convert and reproduce the signal based on the flag signal so that the actual number of frames becomes a predetermined number.

As a result, a signal indicating the frame switching position is obtained on the reproducing apparatus side.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image pickup apparatus comprising: a flag signal generating unit for generating a flag signal indicating a change point at which a signal group of a frame copied by a frame rate conversion unit changes to a signal group of a next frame; A flag signal conversion and addition circuit for converting and adding the flag signal during a signal period other than the valid period of the imaging signal output from the frame rate conversion unit that receives the output signal of the generation unit; The output signal is recorded together with the flag signal, and the reproducing apparatus is configured to convert and reproduce the signal so that the actual number of frames becomes a predetermined number based on the flag signal recorded in the signal period other than the valid period. Things.

As a result, a signal indicating the frame switching position is obtained from the recording signal itself on the reproducing apparatus side.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A first aspect of the present invention is an imaging apparatus for obtaining progressive imaging signals of various frame rates, a recording apparatus for recording an output signal of the imaging apparatus, and a recording obtained from the recording apparatus. A reproduction device for reproducing the signal, wherein the imaging device has a frame rate conversion unit that converts the imaging signals of the various frame rates into a predetermined frame rate output, and the reproduction device performs conversion of the imaging device. Change the playback speed according to each previous frame rate,
The conversion section outputs progressive frame signals of various frame rates to a predetermined frame rate and outputs the frame rate to the recording section. The recording unit records at the same frame rate as the output rate of the conversion unit. The playback device has an operation of changing the playback speed in accordance with each frame rate before conversion of the imaging device, so that the actual number of frames becomes a predetermined number.

In a second aspect of the present invention, the frame rate conversion unit has a frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit for calculating a ratio between a frame rate before conversion and a frame rate after conversion, and n / m (n and m are integers and n
≦ m, where n is before conversion and m is after conversion), when n is 1, the signal of each frame of the frame rate signal before conversion is (m−1) at the frame rate after conversion.
When n is not 1, the time is copied so that the time corresponding to n frames of the signal at the frame rate before conversion matches the time corresponding to m frames at the frame rate after conversion.
At the frame rate after conversion of some or all of the n-frame signals, the total number of copies is (m-
n) is copied and output, and converted so as to form a regular frame signal sequence every m frames, and the recording apparatus records at the converted frame rate. The conversion unit converts the input signal according to the ratio between the frame rate before conversion and the frame rate after conversion.
Copying is performed by changing the number of frames to be copied, and the recording device has an effect of always recording at the converted frame rate.

The third invention of the present invention is directed to a case where the frame rate after the conversion by the frame rate conversion unit is 60 frames and the actual number of frames in the reproducing apparatus is 24 frames (24P (progressive)). The signal of each input frame of 60 frames is the same for two different frame signal sets, the first frame is twice, the next frame is three times, or the first frame is three times, and the next frame is twice. The reproduction speed is converted by duplicating or deleting the frame so that the output becomes a so-called 2-3 pull-down that repeats the signal of the frame. The reproducing apparatus duplicates or deletes the frame. By converting the playback speed, the 60-frame signal converted by the frame rate conversion unit and recorded by the recording device is converted into a 24-frame playback signal. It has the effect of output.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the case where the image pickup apparatus has a solid-state image sensor and obtains progressive signals of various frame rates by controlling the accumulation time, the driving of the solid-state image sensor is performed. A pulse is output at a rate of an accumulation time for obtaining a desired frame rate for a readout pulse, and the rate of horizontal and vertical transfer pulses is the same as the frame rate after the output signal of the solid-state image sensor is converted by a frame rate conversion unit. And a drive pulse generation control circuit that outputs a read pulse at a rate of an accumulation time that obtains a desired frame rate, and outputs a read pulse at a horizontal rate. , The rate of the vertical transfer pulse is the frame rate after the output signal of the solid-state image sensor is converted by the frame rate converter. Since the output so that the same has the effect of the output rate of the image signal read from the solid-state imaging device in the same frame rate as the output signal of the frame rate conversion unit.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the image pickup apparatus, the flag signal for generating a flag signal indicating a transition point at which the signal group of the frame copied by the frame rate conversion unit changes to the signal group of the next frame is provided. A recording unit that records a signal output from the imaging device, and also records and holds the flag signal, and the reproducing device has a predetermined number of frames based on the flag signal. A flag signal indicating a transition point at which a signal group of a frame changes to a signal group of the next frame with respect to a signal group copied by the frame rate conversion unit by the flag signal generation unit. Is generated by the recording section, and the reproducing apparatus converts and reproduces such that the actual number of frames becomes a predetermined number based on the signal.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the image pickup apparatus, a flag signal for generating a flag signal indicating a transition point at which a signal group of a frame copied by the frame rate conversion unit changes to a signal group of the next frame is provided. A generating unit, and a flag signal converting and adding circuit for converting and adding the flag signal during a signal period other than a valid period of the image signal output from the converting unit in response to the output signal of the flag signal generating unit. The recording device records a signal output from the image pickup device together with a flag signal, and the reproducing device controls the substantial number of frames to a predetermined number based on the flag signal recorded in a signal period other than the valid period. A flag signal indicating a transition point at which a signal group of a frame copied by a frame rate conversion unit is changed to a signal group of the next frame by a flag signal conversion and addition circuit. The signal period other than the valid period of the image signal, into a signal form that can sum the imaging signal, adds,
It has the function of outputting to a recording device.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an imaging unit for outputting P signals of various frame rates, 2 denotes a frame rate conversion unit for converting an output signal of the imaging unit 1 to a predetermined frame rate, and 3 denotes a frame rate conversion unit 2 The recording device 4 for recording the output signal of the recording device 4 is a reproducing device for reproducing the signal recorded by the recording device 3. In FIG. 1, H1, V1
H2 and V2 are horizontal and vertical synchronization signals output from a synchronization signal generation unit (not shown) in the imaging unit 1, and H2 and V2 are horizontal and vertical synchronization signals after frame rate conversion.

The operation of the cinema signal generation system according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described below.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the frame rate converter 2 according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the frame rate conversion unit 2, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are signal waveform diagrams of each unit shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, 5 and 6 are frame memories,
7 is a control circuit for controlling writing and reading of the frame memories 5 and 6, and 8 is a switching circuit.

The operation of the frame rate converter 2 is as shown in FIG. 3 based on the synchronization signals H1, V1, H2 and V2. 2 and 3, W1 and W2 are frame memories A
5 and the write enable signal of the frame memory B6, R
Reference numerals 1 and R2 denote enable signals for reading the frame memory A5 and the frame memory B6, and when they are low, each is an enable period. For example, the image signal a having a frame rate of 60P and 20P input from the imaging unit 1 is converted into a predetermined frame rate 60P. FIG. 3A shows a case where the frame rate is 60P, and the input and output are the same frame rate. Therefore, the frame memory A5 and the frame memory B6 are alternately written at the frame rate of 60P. Are read alternately at the frame rate of In the case of an image pickup signal input with a frame rate of 20P in FIG. 3B, writing is performed for one frame at a frame rate of 20P, and reading is performed for 6 frames.
Read at a frame rate of 0P. Therefore, in this case 6
The same signal is output for three frames at 0 Hz. As described above, the frame rate conversion can be easily realized by alternately performing writing and reading of two frame memories.

By the above-described frame rate conversion unit 2, the output signal of the image pickup unit 1 can be converted into various frame rate image signals (eg, 60P a1, 30P a2, 20P) as shown in FIG.
Are converted into signals (b1, b2, b3, b4) having a frame rate of 60P and output to the recording device 3. Each number in the figure indicates the frame number of each signal. The recording device 3 always records signals from the imaging device at a frame rate of 60P.

Next, the reproducing apparatus 4 performs the operation shown in FIG. 5 so that the actual number of frames becomes a predetermined number. In this case, conversion is performed so that the number of frames becomes 24P. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, in the case of a 30P image pickup signal, the same signal is recorded in the recording apparatus at a rate of 60P every two frames (c).
2) Select one of them and the 60P rate is 24P
Change the playback speed to achieve the rate. The time axis is stretched 2/5 times. In effect, a signal of 2 frames is converted to a rate of 24P at 60P (30P becomes 24P).
Is converted to a reproduction signal (d2) at 4/5 speed. Therefore, a 24P playback signal with a little slow motion can be obtained compared to the case where the imaging signal is originally a 24P signal.
Similarly, in the case of a 20P imaging signal, the same signal is recorded every three frames at a 60P rate (c3), but one of them is selected and the reproduction speed is changed so that the 60P rate becomes a 24P rate. . In this case, the actual 20P is 2
Since it is converted to 4P, the playback signal (d3) at 6/5 speed
Becomes Therefore, a slightly fast-forwarding 24P playback signal is obtained.
The same applies to other frame rate imaging signals, for example,
In the case of 60P (c1), the reproduction signal (d
In 1), in the case of 15P (c4), it is converted into an 8 / 5-times speed reproduction signal (d4).

As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, signals of various frame rates obtained by the imaging device are converted into predetermined frame rate signals, so that the recording device always has a predetermined frame rate, For example, it is possible to record at a rate of 60P signal, and in a camera recorder or the like of a VTR integrated type image pickup apparatus in which an image pickup apparatus and a recording apparatus are integrated, an image pickup apparatus and a recording apparatus of a cinema signal creation system without increasing the circuit scale and power. Can be configured.
Also, by combining the above-described image pickup device and recording device, the reproducing device can easily reproduce the cinema signal of the 24P signal by selecting the signal and converting the reproducing speed at a predetermined ratio.

The position of each frame change in the reproducing apparatus can be detected by selecting a necessary frame signal according to a predetermined rule based on synchronization signals H1, V1, H2, and V2, or by detecting a frame rate of an image pickup signal. It goes without saying that the frame selection operation may be switched by a switch in accordance with the frame rate of the playback device.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of a frame rate conversion unit of a cinema signal creation system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 9 denotes a frame memory;
Is a frame memory control circuit for controlling writing and reading of the frame memory 9; 11 is a frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit for calculating a conversion ratio between a frame rate of an input image signal and a predetermined frame rate converted by the frame rate conversion unit 2. , 12 are switching circuits. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the frame rate conversion unit 2
The difference is that a frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit 11 is provided.
The other circuits are substantially the same, and the operation is similar.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show the operation of the cinema signal creation system according to the second embodiment configured as described above.
This will be described below.

FIG. 7 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the frame memory control circuit 10 and the frame memory 9 when the image signals are 48P and 24P and the converted frame rate is 60P, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a signal waveform diagram showing a relationship between an input signal and an output signal in the frame rate conversion unit 2 based on the operation. The numbers in the figure correspond to the frame numbers.

For example, in the case of a 48P image signal, the converted frame rate 60P does not become an integral multiple of the 48P unlike the case of 20P, 30P, or the like. In this case, the ratio between the input frame rate 48P and the converted frame rate 60P is 4/5, and the time of 4 frames of 48P and the time of 5 frames of 60P match. Therefore, the frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit 11 outputs a control signal to the frame memory control circuit 10 so that a signal of the same frame is output once out of five times of reading the frame memory 9. In response to this, the frame memory control circuit 10 sets the state shown in FIG.
Is output. This 48P
In the case of an imaging signal, frame rate conversion is performed by rotating, for example, three frame memories so that overwriting does not occur during reading of the memory.

Similarly, when a 24P image pickup signal is converted to 60P, the conversion ratio becomes 2/5, so that two 24P frames and five 60P frames coincide. In this case, the frame memory is read out two times out of five times so as to be a signal of the same frame (duplicated once) and three times as a signal of another frame (duplicated twice) (that is, the total number of copies). Is 1 + 2 = 3), the frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit 11
Outputs a control signal to the frame memory control circuit 10. In response, the frame memory control circuit 10
Outputs the read enable signal shown in FIG. By performing such an operation in the frame rate conversion section 2, the output signal after conversion is 48P in FIG.
FIG. 8 shows the case of (b1-1) or (b1-2), 24P.
As shown in (b2-1) or (b2-2), the frame rate is converted to a frame rate of 60P and output. At this time, the relationship between the predetermined frame periods is a1t = b1t and a
2t = b2t.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit 11 calculates the ratio between the frame rate before conversion and the frame rate after conversion, and as a result n
/ M (where n and m are integers and 1 ≦ n ≦ m, and n is before conversion and m is after conversion), especially when n is not 1 (when m / n is not an integer) Some or all of the frame signals in n frames are converted at the rate of the converted frame so that the time for n frames of the signal at the frame rate before conversion and the time for m frames of the converted frame rate match. By duplicating and outputting so that the total number of duplicates becomes (mn), and performing conversion so as to form a regular frame signal sequence every m frames, even if the conversion ratio is complicated, a predetermined value can be obtained. Conversion to frame rate can be performed. In the case of n = 1, an operation of repeating each frame (m-1) times is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Further, the operations of the recording device 3 and the reproducing device 4 perform the same operations as in the first embodiment.

Even if the conversion ratio is complicated for the image pickup signals of various frame rates as described above, for example, as in the first embodiment, the signals are always converted to, for example, 60P signals and recorded in the recording apparatus at that rate. Thus, in a camera recorder or the like of a VTR-integrated imaging device in which the imaging device and the recording device are integrated, the imaging device and the recording device of the cinema signal creation system can be configured without increasing the circuit scale and power.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 9 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an output signal of a reproducing apparatus in a cinema signal creation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The third embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in that
The difference is the way in which the playback speed is converted. Therefore, the overall block diagram is the same as FIG.

In FIG. 9, the signal of the recording device 3 indicates the recording signal obtained in the first or second embodiment. That is, this is a case where the frame rate after conversion by the frame rate conversion unit 2 is 60P. The rate of the playback device 4 is converted to a 24P frame rate. As the input signal, a 60P image signal, a 48P image signal, 24
The case of a P imaging signal and a 20P imaging signal are shown.

Hereinafter, the operation of the reproducing apparatus 4 according to the third embodiment will be described.

In the case of a 60P image pickup signal, the recording signal is as shown in FIG.
As shown in (c1), the frame numbers change one by one at a rate of 60 frames, but the reproducing device 4
For example, frame numbers 1 and 2 are set to two frames, 1 is 2 frames, 2 is 3 frames ((d1-1) in the figure), or 1 is 3 frames, and 2 is 2 frames ((d1-
2)), the frame is copied (repeated). The same applies to the next set of successive different frames (for example, frame numbers 3 and 4).

In the case of 48P, the recording signal is as shown in FIG.
, The frame number of the recording signal is 1, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8,..., But 1 is duplicated once (that is, 3 frames) for two different sets of continuous frames, for example, 1, 1, 2 Is also duplicated once (that is, two frames) (see FIG.
3-1)) or 1 as it is (that is, 2 frames), 2
Is duplicated twice (that is, three frames) ((d3-
2)) Such conversion is performed. The case of the next successive different frame sets 3 and 4 is the same as the case of 60P.

In the case of a 24P image pickup signal ((c4) in the figure), since the conversion of the reproduction speed is not required, it is either as it is ((d4-1) in the figure) or a set of two different continuous frames, for example, 1 , 1, 1, 2, 2 is deleted by 1 frame and 2 is copied by 1 frame (FIG. 4 (d4-
Perform 2)).

In the case of a 20P image pickup signal ((c2) in the figure), a set of successive different frames, for example, 1, 1,
As for 1, 2, 2, and 2, 1 is deleted by one frame (that is, 2 frames), 2 is left as it is (that is, 3 frames) ((d2-1) in the figure), or 1 is left as it is (that is, 3 frames).
Frame), 2 is deleted by 1 frame (that is, 2 frames)
((D2-2) in the figure).
Next set of different frames 3, 3, 3, 4, 4,
The same applies to the case of No. 4.

As described above, in the third embodiment, the frame rate after the conversion by the frame rate conversion unit 2 is 60 frames, and the substantial number of frames in the reproducing device 4 is 24 frames (24P).
(Progressive)), the signal of each input frame of 60 frames is divided into two different frame signal sets, the first frame is twice and the next frame is 3
So-called 2-3 times or the first frame is repeated three times and the next frame is repeated twice.
The reproduction speed is converted by duplicating or deleting a frame so as to output a pull-down. Therefore, a signal having the same frame rate as that of recording, that is, a signal having a frame rate of 60P is converted into a playback speed of 24P by simply selecting or duplicating frames without changing the time axis, and changing the actual number of frames to 24P. Can be. Also, since the output is always in the 2-3 pull-down format, each playback cinema signal from a slow motion of 24P to a fast forward can be handled as a signal format of 60P.

In the third embodiment, the reproducing apparatus 4 is provided with a circuit for converting the reproducing speed by performing the above-described operation. This circuit has, for example, the same rate (60) as the input signal.
It is needless to say that the signal can be easily realized by a circuit, a selection circuit, etc., which reproduces the signal in P), writes the signal in a frame memory or the like, and reads the same signal a plurality of times.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

In FIG. 10, reference numeral 1 denotes an imaging unit for outputting P signals of various frame rates, 2 denotes a frame rate conversion unit for converting an output signal of the imaging unit 1 to a predetermined frame rate, and 3 denotes a frame rate conversion unit 2 A recording device for recording the output signal of the recording device 3, a reproducing device for reproducing the signal recorded by the recording device 3, and a driving pulse generation control circuit 13 for controlling a driving pulse applied to the imaging unit 1. In the fourth embodiment, the imaging unit 1 includes a solid-state imaging device such as a CCD (charge coupled device). Embodiment 4
The difference from the first embodiment is that the drive pulse generation control circuit 13 performs a characteristic operation in an imaging device including the imaging unit 1 and the frame rate conversion unit 2. The other circuits are substantially the same, and the operation is similar.

In the same manner as in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, H1 and V1 in FIG. 10 denote horizontal and vertical synchronizing signals in the imaging unit 1 output from a synchronizing signal generator (not shown).
V2 is a horizontal and vertical synchronization signal after frame rate conversion.

The operation of the cinema signal generating system according to the fourth embodiment configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. 11, 12, and 13.

FIG. 11 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining the operation of the drive pulse generation control circuit 13, and FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram for explaining output signals of an imaging unit 1 and a frame rate conversion unit 2.

FIGS. 11 (a), (b) and (c) show an example of a CCD drive pulse when the image signal rate is 20P. In this case, the read pulse in FIG. 9A is output at a rate of 20P so that the accumulation time becomes 1/20 second. The transfer pulse in FIG. 3B includes vertical and horizontal transfer pulses, but is output so that the transfer is completed in one frame of 20P. FIG. 3C shows the signal output of the CCD at that time. In this case, the driving pulse is obtained by simply reducing the driving rate of the CCD in the normal 60P to 1/3. In the imaging signals of the first and second embodiments, such driving signals are obtained as shown in FIGS. Therefore, as the frame rate of the imaging signal becomes slower, the signal output from the frame rate converter 2 has a larger delay.

Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the CCD
The driving pulse to be sent to the
1 (a1), (b1), and (c1). That is, the read pulse (a1) is output at the rate of 20P so that the accumulation time becomes 1/20 second, but the transfer pulse is set so that the transfer of one frame signal is completed at the rate of 60P. Try to transfer at twice the speed. As a result, the transfer pulse becomes as shown in (b1) of FIG. 10 and the signal output becomes as shown in (c1) of FIG.
A signal at the P rate can be obtained during one frame period at the 60P rate. Unnecessary signals irrelevant to the signal are output in the subsequent two frames.

As another control method, FIG.
2) As shown in (b2) and (c2), the read pulse (a2) is the same, but the transfer pulse (b2) is output for one frame. As a result, the output signal (c
2) is obtained.

By performing the above driving method in the driving pulse generation control circuit 13, the output signals of the imaging unit 1 and the frame rate conversion unit 2 are as shown in FIGS. a1) to (a4) are imaging signals, and (b1) to (b4), (b1-1), (b1-
2), (b2-1) and (b2-2) are signals after frame rate conversion). As can be seen from FIGS. 12 and 13, according to the fourth embodiment, the image signals of various frame rates are all output at the frame rate interval of the 60P image signal. All generate only a delay time of one frame of 60P, so that the delay of the output signal can be suppressed, and the amount of delay can be the same in the case of imaging signals of all rates.

Further, by making the rate of the output signal of the imaging unit 1 and the rate of the frame rate conversion unit 2 the same (60P), it is possible to adjust the timing of writing and reading of the frame memory in correspondence with a plurality of rates. Therefore, the circuit operation in the frame rate converter 2 can be stabilized.

(Embodiment 5) FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

In FIG. 14, reference numeral 1 denotes an imaging unit for outputting P signals of various frame rates, 2 denotes a frame rate conversion unit for converting an output signal of the imaging unit 1 to a predetermined frame rate, and 3 denotes a frame rate conversion unit 2 A recording device for recording the output signal of the recording device 4, a reproducing device for reproducing the signal recorded by the recording device 3, and a flag signal generator 14 for generating a flag signal indicating frame switching in the output signal of the frame rate conversion unit 2. Department.

The fifth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the imaging apparatus includes a flag signal generation unit 14 in addition to the imaging unit 1 and the frame rate conversion unit 2. The other circuits are substantially the same, and the operation is the same.

The operation of the cinema signal generating system according to the fifth embodiment configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. 15, 16, and 17.

In the first embodiment and the like of the present invention, the reproduction device 4
In the detection of the position of each frame change in the playback device, the necessary frame signal is selected according to a predetermined rule based on the synchronization signals H1, V1, H2, V2, or the frame rate of the imaging signal, The reproduction operation is performed by a method of switching the frame selection operation with a switch corresponding to the frame rate. Embodiment 5 of the present invention can easily perform such an operation.

The flag signal generation section 14 outputs a flag signal f indicating a frame transition of the signal output from the frame rate conversion section 2, and the recording apparatus 3 outputs the flag signal itself in the same manner as the signal from the frame conversion section 2. Also record. Based on the flag signal, the reproducing device 4 selects a necessary frame signal and performs a predetermined operation. A method of generating the flag signal will be described with reference to FIG. FIGS. 15A and 15G are configuration diagrams showing an example of the internal configuration of the flag signal generator 14. FIG. In FIG. 15, 15 is a frequency dividing circuit, and 16 is an OR circuit.
The circuit 17 is a 1-bit counter.

For example, if the output of the frame rate converter 2 is 6
At the 0P rate ((b) in the figure), the recording device 3 also records at the 60P rate, and when the original frame rate of the imaging unit 1 is 20P ((e) in the figure), the signal of the recording device 3 is the same. The result is as shown in FIG. At this time, the switching of the frames is as shown in FIG. 9F, and in this case, it can be obtained simply by dividing the vertical synchronization of the original image signal. The point at which the signal is switched between low (LOW) and high (HIGH) of the frequency-divided signal is a frame switching point. in this way,
When the output signal rate of the frame rate converter 2 is 60P,
The original frame rate of the imaging unit 1 is 6 such as 20P, 30P, etc.
When the condition of 1 / m (m is an integer of 1 or more) is satisfied with respect to the frame rate of 0P, the frequency dividing circuit 1 shown in FIG.
The flag signal generator can be easily formed by 5 or the like.

When the output signal of the imaging unit 1 described in FIG. 7 of the second embodiment also includes a signal such as 24P or 48P,
In this case, the above condition is not satisfied. In this case, as shown in FIG. 9G, the read enable signal of the frame memory used in the frame rate conversion unit 2, for example, in the case of 48P, the change of the signal of R1, R2, R3 ( Since (i) in the figure corresponds to the frame switching, this may be detected and its signal may be used as the frame switching signal. For example, as shown in FIG. 9G, the circuit can be simply constituted by an OR circuit 16 and a 1-bit counter 17 using the output signal of the OR circuit 16 as a clock. What is necessary is just to make LOW and HIGH of the output ((j) of the figure) of the 1-bit counter 17 correspond to the frame switching signal ((f1) of the figure).

By the operation of the flag signal generator 14, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the rate of various imaging signals and the output signal of the frame rate converter 2 = the signal of the recording device 3 Can be obtained. For example, in FIG. 16, a1 and a3 are imaging signal outputs, b1 and b3 are signals after frame rate conversion,
f1 and f3 are flag signals for frame switching, FIG.
In a and a2, a1 and a2 denote imaging signal outputs, b1-1 and b2-1 denote signals after frame rate conversion, and f1-1 and f2-1 denote frame switching flag signals.

As described above, according to the fifth embodiment, a frame switching flag signal can be created with a simple configuration, and the signal can be recorded in the recording device 3 together with the image pickup signal. There is no need to separately provide information such as a synchronization signal of the imaging unit 1 and the recording device 3. Also, the playback device 4
There is no need to provide a switch or the like for switching the operation according to the frame rate of the imaging unit 1, and the cinema signal can be automatically reproduced even if the frame rate of the imaging unit 1 changes variously.

(Embodiment 6) FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

In FIG. 18, reference numeral 1 denotes an imaging unit for outputting P signals of various frame rates, 2 denotes a frame rate conversion unit for converting an output signal of the imaging unit 2 to a predetermined frame rate, and 3 denotes a frame rate conversion unit. A recording device for recording the output signal of the recording device 4, a reproducing device for reproducing the signal recorded by the recording device 3, a flag signal generating portion 14 for switching a frame in the output signal of the frame rate converting portion 2, and a flag 18 The flag signal conversion and addition unit converts the flag signal output from the signal generation unit 14 and adds the converted signal to the signal converted by the frame rate conversion unit 2.

The sixth embodiment is different from the first and fifth embodiments in that an image pickup apparatus includes a flag signal generating section 14 in addition to an image pickup section 1 and a frame rate conversion section 2, and further converts and adds a flag signal. That is, a point 18 is provided. The other circuits are substantially the same, and the operation is the same.

The operation of the cinema signal generating system according to the sixth embodiment configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the flag signal conversion / addition unit 18 and an explanatory diagram of the conversion.
9 is a delay circuit for delaying a predetermined time, 20 is an EXOR
(Exclusive OR) circuit, 21 is an adder. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of adding a flag signal to an imaging signal.

The flag signal conversion / addition unit 18 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
9 (a). Here, FIG.
Is input to the delay circuit 19, the signal is delayed by a predetermined time as shown in FIG. For example, a delay of several H (H is one horizontal scanning period) is given. This signal and the original flag signal are E
An XOR (exclusive OR) circuit 20 outputs a converted signal shown in FIG.

This signal is HIGH for several H periods at the beginning or end of the frame when the frame is switched. This signal is added to the image signal whose frame rate has been converted by the adder 21 and output to the recording device 3. Is done.

FIG. 20 shows an example of adding the converted flag signal to the image pickup signal, but shows a case of a 48P image pickup signal and a 24P image pickup signal. The outputs of the imaging unit 1 are as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1A2, and this signal is converted by the frame rate conversion unit 2 to a frame rate of 60P. At this time, the frame switching is performed by the flag signal generator 1.
(F1-1) and (f2-1) in FIG.
become that way. This signal is converted by the above-described flag signal conversion / addition unit 18 and added to the output signal of the frame rate conversion unit 2 to obtain the signals of (g1) and (g2) in FIG.
As can be seen from these signals, it corresponds to the beginning of frame switching (frame number switching).
It can be seen that the flag signal is added to the shaded portion.
These signals are recorded by the recording device 3.

The reproducing apparatus 4 performs processing such as frame selection and duplication based on the flag signal recorded together with the signal, and performs the cinema signal of the 24P signal in the same manner as in the third and fifth embodiments of the present invention. Perform playback.

As described above, according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, the flag signal indicating frame switching is added to the image pickup signal itself and recorded. There is no need to separately provide information such as a synchronization signal of the unit 1 or the recording device 3, and a switch or the like for switching the operation according to the frame rate of the imaging unit 1 need not be provided in the reproducing device 4. Further, even if the frame rate of the imaging unit 1 changes variously, the operation of reproducing the cinema signal can be automatically performed.

Further, as compared with the fifth embodiment, the interface between the image pickup apparatus and the recording apparatus and the necessary flag signal other than the signal and the delay time due to the processing time of the image pickup signal before recording by the recording apparatus are matched. No delay circuit or the like is required, and the circuit configuration is simplified.

It is needless to say that the delay amount of the delay circuit 19 of the flag signal conversion / addition unit 18 is not limited to the number H in the present embodiment, but may be set to an appropriate time detectable by the reproducing apparatus 4. . Also, the position where the signal is added is
Needless to say, it may be set at an appropriate place other than the validity period of the imaging signal.

In addition, in consideration of peripheral devices and the like for checking the image pickup device and the like, in all embodiments, the output of the frame rate conversion unit 2 is 60P, and the output of the reproduction device 4 is a cinema signal. Needless to say, the 24P 2-3 pulldown format (60P frame rate) is preferable.

In all the embodiments, when the output signal from the reproducing apparatus 4 is a 24P signal of a 2-3 pulldown format (60P frame rate), the original cinema can be easily obtained by performing the inverse 2-3 pulldown processing. Needless to say, it can be converted to a signal (24P frame rate).

Further, in all the embodiments, the recording device and the reproducing device are not limited to the VTR integrated image pickup device or the VTR of the stationary device, but may be a non-linear device such as a hard disk or a disk device such as an optical disk. Needless to say.

[0095]

As described above, according to the present invention, signals of various frame rates obtained by the imaging device are converted into predetermined frame rate signals, so that the recording device always has a predetermined frame rate, for example, a 60P signal. V can be recorded at a rate of
In a camera recorder or the like of a TR-integrated imaging device, an imaging device and a recording device of a cinema signal creation system can be configured without an increase in circuit scale and power. Also, by combining the image pickup device and the recording device, the playback device can easily perform signal selection and playback speed conversion at a predetermined ratio.
The cinema signal of the P signal can be reproduced.

According to the present invention, in addition to the above effects,
When the frame rate conversion ratio is complicated for image signals of various frame rates (for example, 48P to 60P,
Even when the conversion ratio does not become 1 / integer, such as conversion from 4P to 60P, the signal can always be converted to a signal of a predetermined frame rate (for example, 60P), and the signal can be recorded on the recording device at that rate. Fine settings such as fast forward can be made.

Further, according to the present invention, when the frame rate after the conversion by the frame rate conversion unit is 60 frames and the actual number of frames in the playback device is 24 (24P (progressive)), the playback device Since it is possible to always output in the 2-3 pulldown format, there is an effect that 24P cinema signals from slow motion to fast forward can be handled as a 60P signal format.

Further, according to the present invention, since the imaging P signals of various frame rates are all output at the frame rate interval of the 60P imaging signal, the delay of the output signal of the frame rate conversion unit is reduced by 60 P in all cases. , And the rate of the output signal of the imaging unit and the rate of the frame rate conversion unit are the same (60
By setting P), it is not necessary to adjust the writing / reading timing of the frame memory corresponding to a plurality of rates, so that the circuit operation in the frame rate conversion unit can be stabilized. .

Further, according to the present invention, a frame switching flag signal can be created with a simple configuration, and the signal can be recorded together with an image pickup signal in a recording device. There is no need to separately provide information such as a synchronization signal. Further, the playback device does not need to be provided with a switch for switching the operation according to the frame rate of the imaging unit, and can automatically perform the cinema signal playback operation even if the frame rate of the imaging unit changes variously. The effect is obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, between the image pickup apparatus and the recording apparatus, the interface of the flag signal required in addition to the signal and the delay time due to the processing time of the image pickup signal until recording by the recording apparatus are adjusted. This effect can be realized with a simple circuit configuration without the need for a delay circuit or the like.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cinema signal creation system having the above-described effects.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a frame rate conversion unit of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 3 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation of a frame rate conversion unit of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual signal diagram of each section for explaining the operation of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 5 is a signal conceptual diagram of each section for explaining the operation of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a frame rate converter of a cinema signal creation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating the operation of the frame rate conversion unit of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 8 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating an operation of a frame rate conversion unit of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 9 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating an output signal of a playback device of the cinema signal creation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a signal waveform diagram illustrating an operation of a drive pulse generation control circuit of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 12 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating output signals of an imaging unit and a frame rate conversion unit of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 13 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating output signals of an imaging unit and a frame rate conversion unit of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the internal configuration and operation of a flag signal generator of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 16 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating the operation of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 17 is a signal conceptual diagram illustrating the operation of the cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cinema signal creation system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the internal configuration and operation of a flag signal conversion and addition unit of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 20 is a signal conceptual diagram for explaining a state of a flag signal added to an imaging signal of the cinema signal generation system.

FIG. 21 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 22 is a signal waveform diagram of each unit in a conventional cinema signal creation system.

FIG. 23 is a signal waveform diagram of each section in a conventional cinema signal creation system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 imaging unit 2 frame rate conversion unit 3 recording device 4 reproduction device 5, 6, 9 frame memory 7, 10 frame memory control circuit 8, 12 switching circuit 11 frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit 13 drive pulse generation control circuit 14 flag signal generation Unit 18 Flag signal conversion and addition unit

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shoji Nishikawa 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 5C022 AB68 AC79 BA11 5C053 FA03 FA19 FA21 GA18 HA22 HA23 HA24 LA01 LA06

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An imaging device for obtaining progressive image signals of various frame rates, a recording device for recording an output signal of the imaging device, and a reproducing device for reproducing a recording signal obtained from the recording device, The imaging device has a frame rate conversion unit that converts the imaging signals of the various frame rates into a predetermined frame rate output, and the playback device sets a playback speed according to each frame rate of the imaging device before conversion. A cinema signal creation system, wherein the output is performed so that the actual number of frames becomes a predetermined number. 2. A frame rate conversion unit includes a frame rate conversion ratio calculation circuit for calculating a ratio between a frame rate before conversion and a frame rate after conversion, wherein the conversion ratio is n / n.
When m (n and m are integers and n ≦ m, and n is before conversion and m is after conversion), when n is 1, the signal of each frame of the frame rate signal before conversion is converted. Duplicate (m-1) times each at the subsequent frame rate and output, n is 1
Otherwise, some or all of the n-frame signals are converted after the conversion so that the time for the n-frames of the signal at the frame rate before the conversion and the time for the m-frames at the frame rate after the conversion match. At the frame rate, the data is copied and output so that the total number of copies becomes (m-n), and converted so that a regular frame signal sequence is formed for every m frames. The cinema signal creation system according to claim 1, wherein recording is performed at a frame rate. 3. A reproducing apparatus having a selection circuit for selecting one of one or a plurality of signals of the same frame to be inputted, changing a reproduction speed of the selected frame signal,
3. The cinema signal creation system according to claim 1, wherein the actual number of frames is set to a predetermined number. 4. When the frame rate after conversion by the frame rate conversion unit is 60 frames and the actual number of frames on the playback device is 24 frames (24P (progressive)),
The signal of each of the input 60 frames is divided into two for the set of two different frame signals.
Times, next frame 3 times or first frame 3
Times, so-called 2-3 pull-down output is repeated so that the next frame becomes a signal of the same frame twice.
3. The cinema signal generation system according to claim 1, wherein reproduction speed is converted by duplicating or deleting a frame. 5. The reproducing apparatus has a substantial number of frames of 48 frames (4
The cinema signal generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reproduction speed is converted so as to be 8P (progressive). 6. When the imaging apparatus has a solid-state imaging device and obtains progressive signals of various frame rates by controlling the accumulation time, a driving pulse for driving the solid-state imaging device is read, and a readout pulse is set to a desired frame. A drive pulse is output at the rate of the accumulation time to obtain the rate, and the rate of the horizontal and vertical transfer pulses is output so that the output signal of the solid-state image sensor becomes the same as the frame rate after the conversion by the frame rate conversion unit. 3. The imaging device according to claim 1, further comprising a control circuit.
The cinema signal creation system according to 1. 7. An image pickup apparatus, comprising: a flag signal generating unit for generating a flag signal indicating a change point at which a signal group of a frame copied by a frame rate conversion unit changes to a signal group of a next frame; A signal output from the imaging device is recorded, and the flag signal is also recorded and held, and the reproducing device converts and reproduces the actual frame number to a predetermined number based on the flag signal. The cinema signal creation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 8. A flag signal generating unit for generating a flag signal indicating a transition point at which a signal group of a frame copied by a frame rate conversion unit changes to a signal group of a next frame, and the flag signal generating unit A flag signal conversion and addition circuit for converting and adding the flag signal during a signal period other than the valid period of the imaging signal output from the frame rate conversion unit that receives the output signal of the imaging device. The output signal is recorded together with the flag signal, and the reproducing apparatus converts and reproduces the actual number of frames to a predetermined number based on the flag signal recorded in a signal period other than the valid period. The cinema signal creation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: