JPS5983489A - Surface serial/parallel processing system of color video signal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain ease of recording of R, G, B signals, by providing a means transmitting three primary color signals as one channel serial signal in surface sequential and a means converting the serial signal of surface sequential into the surface parallel signal. CONSTITUTION:The R, G, B signals are inputted from input terminals 1-6 in the R, B, G serial system and applied to buffer frame memories 17-22 and arithmetic logical circuits 23-25 via switching devices 11-16. A picture element data of the odd number field is written in the first half address of memories 17, 19, 21 at the 1st frame, the interpolation is calculated by the circuits 23-25 and the result is written in the address of latter half of the memories 17, 19, 21. The picture element data written in the memories 17, 19, 21 is read out at the 2nd-4th frame periods to form the R, G, B frames. In the R, G, B parallel system, the surface serial R, G, B signals are distributed by the switching device by using the inverse constitution and converted into the surface parallel signal.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A color video signal that is converted into a serial signal, transmitted or stored, and then converted into a parallel signal and sent out.
The present invention relates to a parallel processing method, and in particular to a video signal processing method configured so that R, G, and B signals can be recorded on a commercially available video tape.

R, G, B (as is already well known, G is red, respectively.
These are electrical signals representing the three primary colors of green and blue, and other intermediate colors can be obtained by combining these I'l, G, and B signals into appropriate assignments. The color signals generated by the color image pickup tube are R, G, and B signals, and coloring is performed by integrating these R, G, and B signals on the receiving side as well.

-On the other hand, in color television broadcasting, composite signals are used to reduce the frequency band. That is, on the transmitting side, a color encoder (3) is used to convert the R, G, and B signals to Color brown? 1 color.

Since this composite signal is limited in the occupied frequency range, the image quality of the endogenous image is inferior to that of the R, G, and B signals. In particular, Karaai, ) is based on the phase of Burst Toy, No. 1, and I! Since it is closed, it is necessary to maintain the continuity of the phase in Burst Toy 1) when compositing multiple screens or performing screen exercises. As a result, there is a problem in that handling is more complicated than with R, G, and B signals.

Therefore, R, G, and B 4-4 are often used for general broadcasting, etc., and when generating and reproducing local image signals such as CCTV, CATV, etc. that do not require frequency band restriction. Also, when controlling color images using a computer, such as Computer Graphics, which has become increasingly popular in recent years, use R.

G and B signals are used.

As explained above, opportunities to handle R, G, and B signals are increasing more and more, but to record these, any recording medium such as IC (4) memory, videotape, or video disk can be used. In any case, three channels' worth of capacity is required. In other words, compared to recording a composite signal,
Record 01, requires 3 times more body. Furthermore, when writing to and reading from these recording media, R,
The same amount must be taken for each of the G and B signals.

However, when performing this synchronous control, if a recording medium other than an IC memory is used, a complicated device is required and it is not easy to handle. For example, when using video tape, it is necessary to operate three synchronized VTRs in parallel. At this time, in order to correct the time lag that occurs during writing and reading, it becomes necessary to provide a Huff Y memory, making the configuration expensive and complicated. Moreover, its operation is not necessarily stable.

The object of the present invention is to
The method of recording or transmitting the B signal one frame at a time (referred to as the "R, G, B serial system") is then played back to the R
, G, B signals in parallel as continuous signals (
The object of the present invention is to provide an R, G, B parallel system (hereinafter referred to as rR, G, B parallel system), and in particular, to provide a system that records data onto a videotape using a commonly used VTR. It is in.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention processes the three primary color signals (which form a color image) in one channel in series (
a second means for introducing and storing or transmitting the target sequence signal; and a third means for converting the field-sequential serial signal sent from the second means into a field-parallel signal. and.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a three-quarter inch broadcasting VTR using a plane-parallel input and plane-parallel output system. Here, FIG. 1 shows "double rR, G,
This is a device that realizes the ``B series system'' and the ``r R , G , B parallel system'' shown in Fig. 2. In this embodiment, the input signal SG TN can be in either analog or digital form. - On the other hand, the scanning format shall be an interlaced scanning method for both the human output dual output signals SG IN and SG OUT.

First, referring to FIG. 1, r R, G according to the present invention.

Explain the "Nichikin Power Type". As video input signals, R, G, and B (No. 4) are inputted from input terminals 1 to 6, respectively.

Here, input terminals 1, 3 . and analog 41 from 5
No. 1 is manually input, and input terminals 2, 4, and 6 are input with digital signals. Analog signal bow is A/D converter 8,
9 and 10 to convert it into a digital signal. Analog signals to be supplied to this device include output signals obtained from imaging devices such as television cameras or telecine equipment, output signals from VTRs or video discs, etc., as well as output signals obtained from digital equipment such as D/A converters on the output side of digital equipment. There are analog signals etc. obtained by providing the Further, as the digital signal to be supplied to the present invention, there is an output signal from a computer or a digital device.

One-way selection of input analog signal or digital signal is as follows.
This is done by switchers 11, 12 and 13.

The method of converting the input signal into the l'i, G, B plane series system differs depending on the format of the input signal. The processing methods for each format of input (7) (a) and (b) will be explained below.

In adopting the interlaced scanning method, when the video human input signal represents a moving image, as is well known, there is a time of 1780 seconds between each field. Therefore, next 1
) In this device that adopts the R, G, B series system described above, when the tone number field and even number field in the output number t) are composed of the odd number field and even number field of the human input signal, the output screen Flickering occurs. Therefore, select either the kt field or the even field in the input signal,
Next, a new scanning line is obtained by interpolation calculation based on the scanning line of the selected field as an even field or a tone field to be paired with this, and other fields necessary for interlaced scanning are It is necessary to form.

This processing method will be explained with reference to the timing diagrams shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.

The first file sent out from the switch 11.12.13 (
8) Toy No. 1 has switch 14, 15, respectively. /henfa frame memory (rBFM) via lfl.
+7.19.21 or 18.2
0.22 as well as primary logic circuits (hereinafter abbreviated as rALUJ) 23, 24.25. Referring to FIG. 3, in the first field period, BFM 17.
19. Input terminal 4 for the first half address in 21
Write the odd field pixel data supplied from 6 to 6. At the same time, ALL1 23, 24.25 is supplied with the pixel data written in BFM 17, 19, 21, respectively, performs a predetermined interpolation calculation, and transfers this result to BFM.
Write to the second half address in F old 7, 19.21. This writing is performed only in the time required for interpolation calculation. Any known method can be used as the interpolation calculation method. For example, the Nyrist-Naper method uses the scanning line and pixel data of a field written in the BFM as pixel data of a new field;
Depending on the image quality, it is possible to select and use the Paiyalinar method, which calculates the arithmetic mean of adjacent scanning lines, and the cubic convolution method, which takes into account the correlation of 18 pixel data surrounding the interpolation point.

8F old? The pixel data written in the first half address of , 19.21 (rl) and the pixel data obtained by interpolation written in the second half address are respectively 2.3.
．． 4 frame period (read out at this time, R, G.

Form a B frame. This readout is performed according to the interlaced scanning method as described above.

In the 7th field 1-1 of the 4th frame period, the cutting scale 2 [1, 27, 28 and 28, 30, 31 are respectively cut to the BF 18, 20, 22 side, and the BF
Writing to Fe220.22, ALU23.24.2
5, interpolation calculation result BFM18.20.
1. Write to 22. The process is similar to that described above.

Then, in the 5th, 8th, and 7th frame periods, reading is performed in the same manner to configure R, G, and B 71/1.

The operations described below-1 can be applied to R, G, and B signals representing moving images.

Regarding R, G, and B signals representing still images, each BFM is set to 4 based on the timing diagram shown in Figure 4.
- Perform reading and reading. That is, in the case of a still image, there is no need for interpolation calculation, so writing to and reading from each BFM may be performed in units of frames. Thus, BFM17,1θ,21 or lfl,20.2
2) can be used interchangeably to form R, G, and B surface series signals. However, the R, G, and B signals input in the first frame 1 are read out during the 4th to 9th fields 1-'' (they are output one field later than in the case of a moving image). ).

Next, using the D/A converter 32, the l'i, G, B white column signals read from each BFM are converted into analog signals. After that, a process amplifier 33 adds a white synchronization signal and an identification signal for identifying R, G, and B.
Terminal 38: L VTR (see Figure 2) R, G, B
Provides a plane series signal. Here, the reason for converting to an analog signal is that since a broadcasting VTR is used as a recording means, the frequency band is insufficient to record a digital signal. Therefore, when using a recording means capable of recording digital signals, the D/A converter 32 is not necessary.

Note that when sending (11) via a transmission line, it can be sent as digital 11-5. -・General, recording as digital signal 1・−) ・++i cow 9) The configuration can be simplified, and S
This method can be said to be suitable since there is no decrease in the /N ratio.

j-In each of the above embodiments, 8. ν of lJ changer] I
J++ Yeah.

Required control t3'l for inputting/reading each BFM
l No. 4A, clock I, 1', and synchronization signal for timing adjustment are connected to the synchronization signal input 21 (+j It is sent from the bow generator 34.Moreover, the designation of the moving image ψstill 11-image is also controlled by the control JII (,i'3-
・Clockie, -1 Bow - I am irritated by the switch 35 that is sunk in the generator 34.

Output No. 11 sent from the terminal 38, as shown in FIG. This is the input signal. Here, R, G, B 4-
> There are various ways to identify No. 13. On the Kinotsu school's side, the method is a) to set up a 2-pinto pulse (υ lower, called Pylon I and Ir1) on the front of the Shikishin bow) and pouch. This is done by This pylon +-ir=s is generated using the pylon (12) toy 1'' generator 38, and the switch 37
It is supplied to the process O amplifier 33 via. Similarly, the vertical synchronization 1 bow 5YNC is also activated in the process amplifier 33.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, rR,G according to the present invention.

B-parallel method J will be explained.

*:! , the VTR connected to i-f 38 must have a function to control the servo mechanism using external Δ1 (synchronization signal (ADVA-NCED 5YNC)). When used for professional purposes, a wide frequency band is required in order to minimize deterioration in image quality, so commercially available VTRs for home use are not suitable. It is preferable to use a VTR equipped with the U-matic used in the -S or higher performance.

The video output signal from the VTR is supplied to the terminal 38, and the A/D
A converter 41 converts it into a digital signal. This digital i-1 is processed by the time base collector 42.
The slowness of the time axis is corrected. Time base collector 42
A clock signal sent from a crystal oscillator built in the control signal/clock signal generator 65 is supplied to the control signal/clock signal generator 65, and the clock code is set as ノ, (: 11! as 711i).

Correct the inter-axis. In addition, Thai T Base Collector 4
2 is used to generate a synchronization signal 1.2 whose phase is several H (H is water + li synchronization period) ahead of the vertical synchronization signal. (generally called advanced fist sync) and supplies this synchronization signal to the synchronization signal input terminal of the VTR. The output signal of the time base collector 42 is applied to a switch 43. This switch 43 includes a control signal/clock I8 generator 65.
A control value I4 sent from R, G,
The B signals are sorted into each BFM 47-52. The control signal/clock signal generator 65 has a built-in crystal oscillator, and sends out a lock signal as necessary, as well as operates each switch 43, 44, 4El, 53, 54.55, and each BFM 47 to 52. Fortune-telling - Sends a control signal that governs readout control. Furthermore, the control signal/clock signal generator 65 outputs a synchronization signal 5YN via a terminal 66.
Send COUT.

The R, G, and B signals sorted by the switch 43 are converted from a plane-series arrangement to a plane-parallel arrangement by switching and using a pair of BFMs 47 to 52, respectively.

This control timing is shown in FIG. That is, R,G
, B signals are partially fed into BFM 47.49.51 or 48,50.52 by switchers 44, 45.413, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 6, in the first frame BF) 14
R1 signal on 7, G on BFM118 in the second frame
11J゛1, 81 to BFM51 in the 3rd frame
After that, R, G, and B4i are read out 3 frames at a time. Also, in the fourth frame, switchers 44, 45.48, and 53, 54, and 55 are switched, and R, G, and B BFM 48.5
Write to 0.52. After writing the B2 signal, the R, G, and B signals are simultaneously read out following the previous output signal.

The output signal to be outputted from the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is a waveform having only a vertical retrace period on the wood flow side. The method for forming such a waveform is performed by setting the read level from each BFM to 0 level. Note that when outputting a digital signal, it is output as is from terminals 6o and 62.64, but when outputting an analog signal (15) 1,), it is output from the D/A converter 5ft and 57.
．． 58 to convert it into an analog signal, and end A 59, 61.
．． Output from 63. FIG. 7 shows the R signal output from terminal 59.

In the above embodiment, the case where interlaced scanning is performed for both admission output signals has been described. However, by controlling writing to each BFM or reading from each BF in the R, G, B serial signal transmitting device shown in Fig. 1, (a) input signals (moving images and still images) can be sequentially (b) When the input signal (video and still image) is an interlaced scanning method and the output signal is a sequential scanning method, (c) When the input signal is an interlaced scanning method and the output signal is an interlaced scanning method. Both output signals (video and static 1 picture per 1) are 111
The present invention can be applied to any case where the f1-order scanning method is used.

That is, (a) when the input signal is of the progressive scanning type and the output No. 4-4 is of the interlaced scanning type, writing to each BFM in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is performed in the middle of the frame. To read (16) from each BFM, first, every other line is scanned to form a tone number field, and then the remaining scanning lines are read out to form an even number field. A part of a timing diagram showing such control is shown in FIG. The timing shown in this figure is the 4th
This is the same timing as the still 1F image shown in the figure. In addition,
This relationship is the same for both moving images and still images. In addition, the configuration and operation of the playback device corresponding to FIG.
There is no difference between output No. 18 and the case of interlaced scanning.

(b) When the input signal is an interlaced scanning method and the output signal is a sequential scanning method, when reading from each BFM, the scanning lines of odd and even fields are read out alternately one by one.

Note that when the input signal represents a moving image, it is necessary to select one field from l frames and obtain the other field by interpolation calculation, as described above. A part of a timing diagram showing such control is shown in FIG. The timing shown in this figure is the same as the timing of the moving image shown in FIG. In addition, human power (
When ``3'' represents one stroke in 1, interpolation calculation is necessary.
Therefore, it is sufficient to perform writing in frame units and alternately extract only one frame. A part of a timing diagram showing such control is shown in FIG. The timing shown in this figure is the same as the timing of still image 11 shown in FIG. Further, the configuration and operation of the 11J playback device connected to the rear stage of the VTR are as shown in FIG. 2, and there is no need to change them.

(c) When using sequential scanning method for both input and output signals,
Writing to and reading from FM is performed each day in frame order, regardless of whether it is a moving image or a still image. The timing is the same as the still image timing shown in FIG.

The above-mentioned writing to each BFM and reading control from each BFM are performed by appropriately changing the control signal sent from the control signal/clock signal generator 35 according to each scanning method.

In addition, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the input and output signals were parallel R, G, and B signals, but both the input and output signals are hydraulic R, G, and B No. 46 signals. It is also possible. For example, a still image of a copy irradiated with white light is captured using monochrome 1, an image mount, and R, G, and B filters used in I) J. This applies to cases such as In the series R, G, B signals, when the synchronization signal 5YNC and pilot signal PILOT as shown in FIG. 5 are (nil),
This can be immediately recorded on the VTR.

FIG. 11 shows a circuit for changing the general format R, G, and B side serial signals into the format shown in FIG.

The analog signal input from the terminal 67 is sent to the process amplifier 72 via the switch 71, where the vertical retrace period is corrected and the vertical synchronizing signal and R, G, B identification signals are superimposed. Then, the obtained R and G.

The B-side serial signal is sent to the VTR via terminal 77.

On the other hand, the digital signal supplied to the terminal 68 is converted into an analog signal by the D/A converter 70, and thereafter undergoes similar processing. Note that the clock signal and vertical synchronization signal (19) supplied to the process amplifier 72 are sent out from the clock generator 73 based on the period I1-1 supplied from the terminal 69. In addition, this synchronization signal is ヱ! If not, a necessary synchronizing signal is generated from the R, G, and B signals using a known synchronizing N circuit.

In addition, if the R, G, B identification signals cannot be directly applied to the downstream device of the VTR (see Figure 2), a part of the signal branched from the R, G, 8 input signals may be used for R, G, B identification. circuit 74
What is necessary is to identify R, G, and B signals in addition to the above, and apply the results to the pilot signal switch 76. This pilot signal (ie, R, G, B identification number) is sent out from a pilot signal generator 75 in response to a clock signal sent out from a clock oscillator 73.

-1- In the embodiment described above, a case has been described in which a video tape is used as the recording medium, but it goes without saying that other recording media such as a magnetic drum, a floppy disk, etc. can be used. Furthermore, -Aψ users cannot freely write on video discs, but they can be used by installing predetermined equipment.

When transmitting video signals, how they are handled depends on the characteristics of the transmission path, such as the usable frequency band, the degree of S/N deterioration, and the occurrence of various types of distortion. When the transmission path becomes long and deterioration of image quality becomes a problem, it is preferable to use digital transmission.

Even when using analog transmission, FM modulation etc. should be performed to prevent deterioration of image quality as much as possible. In either case, it can be transmitted by a known method, but one frame cannot be fixed to 1/30th of a second as in standard television systems. Therefore, the transmission speed is set within the allowable range of the frequency characteristics of the transmission path, and the reading from the BFM in the transmitting device (see Figure 1) and the reading in the receiving device (see Figure 2) are controlled according to this transmission speed. There is a need to.

FIGS. 12(A) and 12(B) show an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a data transmission network that transmits and receives data via a transmission line. Here, FIG. 12(A) shows the transmitting device 280, and FIG. 12(B) shows the receiving device 300. In addition,
This diagram mainly depicts the parts necessary for data transmission. Also, the same parts as the blank parts shown in Figures 1 and 2 are the parts of the circuit that are necessary for data transmission. It is numbered.

In the feeding device 200 shown in FIG. 12(A), the BF
The vertical synchronizing signals 5YNC, R, G, B identification (No.A P■) as shown in FIG.
LoT power is added. Thereafter, the signal modulated by modem 78 is transmitted to transmission line +00 via network control unit (NCU) 79.

For example, it is sent to a telephone line.

In the receiving device 300 shown in FIG. 12(B), the input signal supplied from the transmission line 100 is network-based? The signal is introduced into the modem 83 via the H.111 device 82 and demodulated.

The demodulated signals are then distributed to BFMs 47-52. The following operation is as explained in FIG.

Note that when transmitting video signals, a wide band is required, so when transmitting still images or drop-proof videos, R
, G, B signals are advantageously transmitted in series rather than in parallel. Therefore, by omitting the present invention, the object can be easily achieved.

Above description I-11: In Figures A to 12, R9
6゜B (;,'I have dealt with the issue immediately, but when using a composite signal as an input signal, R,
It is necessary to convert it to G and B Igo numbers.

Further, as shown in the present invention, when parallel R, G, B signals are converted to serial R, G, B signals, the number of frames is reduced to one-third. Therefore, when the human input signal represents a moving image, intermittent operation occurs, but when the human input signal represents a still image, no problem occurs. As described above, the present invention provides a simple method for selecting one screen from still images and moving images to use as a still image, or for moving images where there is no problem even if the number of frames is reduced to one-third. A recording and transmission method can be provided.

As explained above, according to the present invention, even if the R, G, and B signals require many recording media and are complicated to handle, when a still image is targeted, a specific frame from a video can be selected. In the case of moving pictures where the number of frames can be reduced to one-third, R, G, and No. 848 can be recorded or transmitted on one channel using the 11-channel method, so complicated A color video signal processing method that does not require any mechanism? 11. I can do it. In particular, the advantage of being able to record and reproduce video tapes, which are inexpensive and easily available, is that image data based on R, G, and B signals can be handled conveniently and easily.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are block diagrams showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a general-purpose VTR, FIGS. 3 and 4 are timing diagrams showing the operation sequence of FIG. 1, and FIG. 6 is a timing diagram showing the operation sequence of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is a timing diagram showing the signal SG OUT sent out from the device shown in FIG. 2. The timing diagram, Figure 8, uses a sequential scanning method for the human input signal SG IN and outputs the output signal SG OUT.
FIG. 9 is a timing diagram showing the operation sequence of FIG. 1 when the input signal 5GIN representing a moving image is set to the interlaced scanning method, and the output signal sc OU is set to the interlaced scanning method.
A timing diagram showing the operation sequence of FIG. 1 when T is a sequential scanning method, and FIG. 1θ is an input signal SG representing a still image.
Figure 11 is a timing diagram showing the operation sequence of Figure 1 when G OUT is in the sequential scanning mode, and Figure 11 is the input S
A block diagram showing a circuit that converts GIN to a signal in the format shown in FIG. 5 when it is a plane series R, G, B signal,
FIGS. 12(A) and 12(B) are block diagrams showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a data transmission network that transmits and receives data via transmission lines. 1.3.5...Analog signal input terminal, 2.4.6.
...Digital signal input terminal. 7...Synchronization signal, 8,! 1.10...A/D converter, 11-16, 28-31...switcher, 17-22.
・・80 frame memory (BFM), (25) r: 23.2
4,25. ...Arithmetic logic unit (ALU), 32...
D/A converter, 33... Process amplifier, 34... Control signal/clock generator, 35
...Video/Station 1 both Gino switch, 36...Pilot signal generator, 37...Pilot signal switch, 38...Output terminal, 38...Input terminal, 41...A /D converter, 42... time base collector (TBG) 43 to 48
．． 53-55...Switching device, 47-52...Paper frame conflict memory (BFM), 56-58...D/A converter, 59.81.83...Analog signal output terminal , f(0
, 62, 84... digital signal output terminal, 65...
Control signal/clock signal generator, 66... Synchronous signal output terminal, 67... Analog signal input terminal, Ali (26) 1
38... Digital signal input terminal, 69... Periodic signal input terminal, 70... D/A converter, 71...! ilJ (=P device, 72... Process amplifier, 73... Clock signal generator, 74... R, G, B discriminator, 75... Pilot signal switch, 7G... Pilot signal Switching device, 77... Output terminal, 78.83... Motem (MOD), 79.82... Network control device (NCtl), 80...
Output terminal, 8I... Input terminal, 100... Transmission line, 200... Transmission line device, 300... Receiving device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A first means for transmitting three primary color signals forming a color image sequentially as a one-channel serial signal, a second means for storing or transmitting the serial signal, and the second means. 1. A field-series parallel processing method for color video signals, characterized by comprising @3 means for converting a field-sequential serial signal sent from a field-sequential serial signal into a field-parallel signal. 2) The first means includes a storage means for separately storing the supplied R, G, and B side parallel signals, and a storage means for separately storing the R, G, and B side parallel signals stored in the storage means, and for storing the R, G, and B signals stored in the storage means in the 3) The third means includes storage means for separately storing the R, G, and B series signals in the field sequential manner; , B signal to R,
G, 8th plane) Color video signal plane II' according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with means for reading it out as a k-column signal. Normal A force type. 4) When the R, G, and B signals forming the color image represent a moving image using an interlaced scanning method, +ii7 R, G
, B signal, one field signal 1 extracted from each frame is subjected to interpolation calculation, thereby creating another field signal, and these two field signals are 2. A perpendicular accent sequence processing method for a color video signal as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the color video signal has the following characteristics: 5) As the second means, V of the first channel
4 Tohaku Claim 1 characterized by the use of TR
6) A patent characterized in that either an analog signal or a digital signal (item ii) is introduced as the three primary color signals. A method for parallel parallel processing of color video images according to claim 1.