JP2002126957A - Bed structure of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a bed of the machine constitution having specifications capable of passing-by by providing three or more units for moving in the lengthwise direction of the bed in a bed structure being simple and rigid in a bed cross-sectional shape of a main part and having no problem on accuracy and manufacture. SOLUTION: A cross section at a right angle to the lengthwise direction of the bed is formed as a highly rigid quadrangular shape, at least three sets of guide rails 3, 4 and 5 are arranged in the axial direction of a main spindle, and among these guide rails, two sets are arranged on an upper surface or an inclined face, and a residual guide rail is arranged in parallel to the axis with the main spindle axis as the center so as to facilitate access of a tool edge to a work gripped by the main spindle. One or more of the three sets of guide rails are detachably constituted so as to be capable of coping with the modular constitution having the specifications, a bed body is supported by independent separate two simple-shaped legs from below, a chip conveyor space 15 is arranged between the first leg and the second leg, and chips can be easily discharged backward.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool bed structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A lathe bed for a machine tool is manufactured as a split type bed in which a bed is integrated with a small type to increase the mechanical rigidity, and a large type machine is configured such that a bed body provided with a guide rail is supported by legs. It corresponds to. In addition, a slant bed is adopted to facilitate the discharge of chips from the cutting work. Headstock moving further in the longitudinal direction,
Three or more units, such as a tool post and a tailstock, are provided on a bed, and a machine configuration capable of passing each other is employed to diversify machining capabilities.

[0003] Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-16805 discloses a known material pursuing multifunctionality and improved operability of a lathe. FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a bed employed in the numerically controlled combined lathe. In FIG. 5, the bed of the present invention has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped bed 101, a pair of substantially horizontal horizontal guide surfaces 112 formed on an outer surface of one surface of the bed 101, and a horizontal guide surface. The horizontal guide surface 11 formed continuously with
Since a bed having a cross section formed by a pair of inclined guide surfaces 107 having an angle of 2 and a pair of substantially vertical guide surfaces 131 formed continuously from the inclined guide surfaces is employed. Despite its multi-functionality, it is designed to improve operability and facilitate chip discharge.

[0004] With respect to the bed structure of a machine tool described in the prior art, there is a problem that the adoption of a split type bed or a slant type bed results in a complicated cross-sectional shape and a certain reduction in rigidity. In the case of a configuration in which three or more units can pass each other on the bed, the cross-sectional shape of the bed is further complicated, and there have been many problems to be solved, such as manufacturing, accuracy, and a sliding surface cover configuration.

The bed adopted in the cited invention of Japanese Patent Publication No. Hei 7-16805 has a pentagonal cross section and a guide rail meter fixed to the upper surface, the inclined surface, and the front surface of three adjacent outer surfaces. Although three sets are provided, in order to increase rigidity with respect to the pentagonal cross section, the design of the ribs provided inside is complicated, and since the guide rails are provided on the three outer surfaces, the processing is complicated. Had.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art. It is an object of the present invention to increase the rigidity of a bed by making the cross section of the bed rectangular and to increase the number of guides by three or more. An object of the present invention is to provide a bed body configured so that the rails are divided into two sets and a rest on a horizontal plane and an outer plane adjacent to the horizontal plane, so that the processing can be simplified. Further, a guide rail can be attached and detached so as to be able to cope with diversification of machine specifications, a headstock is provided on an outer surface provided with two sets of guide rails, and a bed body suitable for a modular configuration is provided. Further, the present invention provides a bed in which a highly rigid bed body is supported from the lower surface by two independent legs to improve the dynamic characteristics of the bed, secure a space between the legs, and easily discharge chips backward.

[0007]

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a bed structure for a machine tool, comprising:
A bed body having a square cross section perpendicular to the axis of the spindle provided on the headstock that holds the work;
At least three sets of guide rails for guiding a work holding member such as a tailstock and a tool rest are divided into two sets and a rest, and the main shaft is formed on two planes of the square upper surface and a surface intersecting the upper surface. It is provided parallel to the axis.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft (hereinafter referred to as the cross section) has a quadrilateral shape, so that the rigidity is high and at least three sets of guide rails are provided on two adjacent outer surfaces. It is divided into two sets and the rest. For example, two sets of guide rails are provided in parallel on an inclined outer surface, and a headstock and a tailstock are provided corresponding to one guide rail of the inclined surface to support a work, and the other set of guide rails is provided. In the case where a tool rest is provided, the work support system and the tool support system have good accessibility, so that the load on the processing module during cutting is reduced and the processing accuracy is improved. Since the bed has a square cross section and three or more sets of guide rails are provided separately on two outer planes, the processing surface on the bed that requires high precision is two, and the processing time during bed manufacturing Can be shortened.

The three sets of guide rails constituting the present invention are used to guide a headstock, a tool rest, and a tailstock of a processing module. Does not include a guide rail provided on an upper surface or an inclined surface for transferring the arm or the robot support.

[0010] In the invention of claim 2, at least one of the three sets of guide rails is configured to be detachable from the bed body. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the guide rail is configured to be detachable.
Attach only necessary guide rails from the set of guide rails so as to meet the machine specifications. By combining such processing modules, it is possible to provide machine tools of various processing forms.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the headstock mounting surface is provided on one of the two planes on the same surface as the surface on which the two sets of guide rails are provided by the division. . According to the third aspect of the present invention, the headstock and other processing modules, for example, the tailstock and the tool post are formed on two sets of guide rails provided on one surface of a bed having a rectangular cross section. Thus, since the bed is rectangular, the mode of thermal deformation is simple, and even if deformation occurs, deformation in a complicated dimension hardly occurs, so that stable processing accuracy can be obtained for a long time.

Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the bed is supported from the floor surface by two legs provided independently on the left and right of the lower surface of the bed body. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the bed body is supported on the lower surface by the two independent legs, a symmetrical effect can be expected with respect to the improvement of vibration damping and the diffusion of the calorific value. Appropriate response to the design is possible. Further, it is possible to discharge chips backward by utilizing the space between the legs.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a composite lathe having a bed structure having a trapezoidal cross section and two sets of guide rails on an upper surface and two sets of guide rails on an inclined surface. FIG. 2 shows a bed provided with three sets of guide rails. FIG. 3 is a right side view of the composite lathe of FIG. 1 in which the main body is supported by two legs. The headstock, turret tool rest, and milling tool rest are mounted on guide rails.

Before proceeding to a detailed description of the bed structure, an outline of implementing the bed structure of the present invention will be described. In FIGS. 1 and 3, a first guide rail 3 on which a first tool rest 2 is mounted is provided on an upper surface 1 a of a bed body 1 having a trapezoidal cross section. A second guide rail 4 and a third guide rail 5 are provided on the trapezoidal slope 1b on the front side of the lathe.
A headstock 6 is provided. A second headstock 7 facing the first headstock or a tailstock (not shown) can be provided on the second guide rail 4 so as to face the main spindle. The first headstock 6 and the tailstock can hold a work. A member can be configured. The first headstock 6 is directly fixed to the end of the inclined surface 1b of the bed body 1, but may be movably mounted on the second guide rail 4 and fixed at a predetermined position.

The positions of the first tool rest 2 on the first guide rail 3 and the second tool rest on the third guide rail 5 are controlled by drive motors in the first Z-axis direction and the third Z-axis direction, respectively. If the modular unit mounted on the second guide rail 4 requires feed control in the Z-axis direction, the second guide rail can be provided with a screw shaft and a drive motor to perform positioning control.

Next, the bed structure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 show the bed structure of the machine tool. The bed main body 1 is formed in a trapezoidal shape as shown by ABCD in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the main spindle of the first headstock 6. The first guide rail, the second guide rail 4, and the third
Three sets of guide rails 5 are provided by being divided into two.
For example, when the first guide rail 3 is provided on the upper surface and the second guide rail 4 and the third guide rail 5 are provided on the inclined surface, or the first guide rail 3 and the second guide rail 4 are provided on the upper surface and the third guide rail 5 is provided on the inclined surface. Any of the above cases is possible.

Each of the first to third guide rails is constituted by a set of two parallel guide surfaces, and any one of the guide rails can be extended to both longitudinal ends of the bed. The first to third guide rails have a modular configuration so as to be compatible with various machine specifications. Of the three sets of guide rails, those portions of the guide rails that do not need to be provided in terms of specifications can be excluded from the processing program for processing the bed body 1.

When a special member is attached to the sliding surface of the guide rail to form the sliding surface, for example, a quenched leaf spring rail, a surface hardening-removable rod-shaped rail, a linear guide, etc. The guide rail surface can be machined so that it can be attached and detachable. The first to third guide rail portions of the bed main body 1 may be designed so as to be detachably divided as a unit for each set.

A headstock is provided on the upper surface 1a or the inclined surface 1b on which two of the three guide rails are provided. In particular, when the first headstock 6 is provided on the second guide rail 4 or on the inclined surface 1b provided in the extension direction of the second guide rail 4, the work held by the main shaft or the main shaft and the tailstock is not limited to the first headstock. Since the distance between the first tool rest of the guide rail 3 or the second tool rest of the third guide rail 5 and the tool cutting edge is shortened and the path of stress during cutting is shortened, vibration and heat generation are easily suppressed. . Further, since the bed body 1 is supported from the lower surface by the first leg 10 and the second leg 11 having simple shapes and independent, the vibration damping design becomes easy. Since a space for chip discharge, that is, a chip conveyor space 15, can be secured between the first leg 10 and the second leg 11, the chip can be easily discharged rearward by a chip conveyor (not shown). In addition, since the shape of the extendable protective cover for protecting the upper surface of the entire cover 9 of the processing machine and the three sets of guide rails (not shown) from the chip is not complicated, the covers can be designed in a modular form.

Next, the operation of the bed structure according to the present invention will be described. In the configuration, as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3, in the embodiment, the cross section of the bed body of the lathe has a trapezoidal shape, and the first guide rail parallel to the spindle axis with the upper surface being horizontal. An inclined surface is provided on the front side, a second guide rail and a third guide rail are arranged on the same plane parallel to the spindle axis, and the first headstock is placed and fixed on the same plane, and the lower surface of the bed body Two independent left and right first
The leg and the second leg are fastened to constitute the entire bed.

The first guide rail allows the first tool post to move, the second guide rail allows the second headstock or tailstock to move, and the third guide rail allows the second tool post to move. Are arranged so that they can pass each other. Since the modular configuration of the machine is as described above, the machine tool configured by employing the bed according to the present invention can provide many processing forms by combining the processing modules.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a processing module mainly comprising a bed body of the present invention. FIG. 4 exemplifies processing modules (a) to (j) that can be mounted around a bed (k) (same as FIG. 2).
(A) and (b) show the first headstock 6 according to the chuck standard difference,
(C) shows the first headstock 6 of the spindle that can be controlled in the C-axis, and (d)
Is a tailstock, (e) and (f) are second headstocks 7 with Z-axis feed control, (g) is a turret tool post with X-axis control, and (h)
Is a turret turret with XY axis control, and (i) is a turret with X-axis control having an automatic tool changeable spindle.
(J) is a second turret 8 with a turret. The positioning in the Z-axis direction is numerically controlled for all the tool rests.

FIG. 1 shows a two-saddle opposed main spindle machine modularly constructed by the processing modules exemplified in the above (a) to (j). In FIG. 1, a first tool post 2
Is mounted on the first guide rail 3 and the first motor 12
The feed of the Z-axis 16 is controlled, the second headstock 7 is mounted on the second guide rail 4, the feed of the second Z-axis 17 is controlled by the second motor 13, and the second tool rest 8 is moved to the third guide rail 5. The feed of the third Z-axis 18 is controlled by the third motor 14. The first Z axis 16, the second Z axis 17, and the third Z axis 18 are shown in FIG.

A machine tool which can be constituted by a combination of the processing module shown in FIGS. 4A to 4J and three sets of guide rails will be described below. 1.1 Saddle Chuck Work Machine 2.1 Saddle Shaft Work Machine 3.2 Saddle Work Machine 4.1 Saddle Opposed Spindle Machine 5.2 Saddle Opposed Spindle Machine In the above embodiment, one set is provided on the upper surface, and the inclined surface Although two sets of three guide rails have been described above, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is needless to say that one set can be further added to the upper surface in addition to the above three sets. No.

[0025]

Since the bed structure of the machine tool according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cross section of the bed body is rectangular, and the first effect is that the rigidity is high and the static dynamic accuracy can be improved. That is, since the bed is rectangular, the thickness and strength are averaged, and the processing distortion is reduced. In addition, since all the processing modules are placed on the bed, the path where the stress between the cutting edge and the work is applied is shortened, and as a result, the rigidity is improved. Furthermore, since the processing module is mounted on two planes, the upper surface and the side surface (or inclined surface) adjacent to the upper surface of the bed having a square cross section, the thermal deformation becomes straightforward,
Also, since the amount is leveled and reduced, stable processing accuracy can be obtained for a long time.

The second effect is that the bed shape is square and the manufacture is easy. The overall shape is simple and the castability is improved by averaging the wall thickness. Further, handling during the processing of the bed becomes easy, and the number of processing surfaces is reduced, so that the number of processing steps is reduced, which leads to a reduction in processing time. A third effect is that the arrangement of the three sets of guide rails enables various arrangements of the processing modules, and provides a machine tool having many processing forms.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first aspect, the guide rails are detachable so that only modules necessary for the modular design of the machine are mounted, thereby reducing the machine cost. It is possible to make it appropriate. According to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first and second aspects, it is possible to improve the dynamic rigidity at the time of cutting by making the positions of the headstock and the tool post modules close to each other. . According to the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of any one of the first to third aspects, the bed body is supported from below by two legs having a simple shape and separated, so that the entire machine is provided. In addition, it is easy to cope with the dynamic characteristics and the thermal characteristics of the chips, and it is also easy to secure a chip conveyor space for the backward discharge of the chips.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a combined machining lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. A bed structure according to the present invention is provided in which a bed body having a square (including trapezoidal) cross section is provided with one set of guide rails on the upper surface and two sets of guide rails on the front inclined surface, and the bed body is supported by two independent legs. This is a 2-saddle opposed spindle machine that adopts a modular configuration of the headstock, tool post, etc.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a bed structure including a bed body, three sets of guide rails, and two independent legs according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a left side view (excluding an entire cover) of the combined lathe shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of first and second headstocks, first and second tool rests, and tailstocks that are modularly configured around the bed structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bed in a conventional multi-task lathe. Three sets of guide rails are provided, one set each for the upper surface, the inclined surface, and the side surface substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the outer surface having a pentagonal cross section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bed main body 2 1st turret 3 1st guide rail 4 1st guide rail 5 3rd guide rail 6 1st headstock 7 2nd headstock 8 2nd turret 9 Overall cover 10 1st leg 11 2nd leg 12 1st motor 14 3rd motor 15 Chip conveyor space 16 1st Z axis 17 2nd Z axis 18 3rd Z axis

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bed structure of a machine tool, comprising: a bed main body provided on a headstock that holds a work; a bed body having a square cross section perpendicular to the axis of a spindle; a headstock; a tailstock; At least 3 for guiding the workpiece holding member and the tool rest
A bed structure of a machine tool, wherein a set of guide rails is divided into two sets and the rest, and the guide rails are provided in two planes, the upper surface of the square shape and the surface intersecting the upper surface, in parallel with the axis of the main shaft. 2. The bed structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the three sets of guide rails is configured to be detachable from the bed body. 3. The headstock mounting surface is provided on one of the two planes on the same surface as the surface on which the two sets of guide rails are provided by the division. 4. The bed structure of a machine tool according to 4. 4. The bed structure of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein two legs provided independently on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the bed body are supported from the floor. .