JP2002126850A - Manufacturing method of composite swash plate for variable capacity air compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a manufacturing method for a swash plate of a variable capacity air compressor generating no lead troubles to human body or environmental surrounding, which requires no special device and greatly reduces cost. SOLUTION: The main body of the swash plates for the variable capacity air compressor is constituted of iron based members and the sliding part of the swash plates are constituted of copper alloy or aluminum alloy and the sliding part and the mainbody are made by prastically processing to joint them together. Moreover, since the forming of the sliding members and the connection with the main body are processed at once by using a general press, by simply forging it for instance, parts and man-hours for connection become unnecessary and hence, it becomes very beneficial in cost. And further, the size can be also reduced. Regarding to the sliding member which is important in the capacity, as members excellent in the sliding characteristics including the sliding members used for the conventional mechanical connection system can be used, the same capacity can be secured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composite swash plate mainly used for a swash plate type variable displacement compressor for air conditioning and freezing of a car air conditioner or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a swash plate of a variable displacement compressor has
A composite swash plate using an iron-based material for a swash plate main body and a lead-bronze-based alloy for a sliding portion is known. Since the swash plate for a variable displacement compressor has severe use conditions, a sliding portion is made of a lead bronze material having excellent wear resistance. However, lead bronze has a disadvantage that it is cracked when subjected to plastic working, so that the conventional composite swash plate cannot be formed by plastic working.

[0003] Conventionally, the following two types of manufacturing methods have been used for joining the main body of the swash plate and the sliding portion. (1) A sliding portion formed by casting lead bronze is mechanically connected to a main body of an iron-based material. (2) The sliding portion is formed by sintering or spraying a lead bronze film on the main body of the iron-based material.

[0004]

However, the mechanical connection has a problem in the mounting strength, the number of parts increases, and the quality control and dimensional accuracy of each part must be strict, and the number of assembly steps is also required. Therefore, it is obvious that it is disadvantageous in terms of cost. In addition, since there is no sliding material in the mounting portion, it is difficult to secure a contact area, which is disadvantageous in performance, and there is a defect that peeling occurs in the connecting portion.

Further, when the sliding portion is formed from a lead bronze film, the portion of lead bronze having a large density is small, so that the inertial force of the swash plate may be insufficient. In addition, since a special method such as sintering, thermal spraying, welding or the like is used for connecting the sliding portion and the main body, a special device is required for this. Further, the material used for thermal spraying and sintering has a disadvantage that it is more expensive than a general shaped material such as a cast material or a forged material.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above points, and does not require a special device.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a composite swash plate for a variable displacement compressor which does not lead harm to the human body and the environment.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a swash plate for a variable displacement compressor in which the main body is made of an iron-based material, and a sliding portion of the swash plate is made of copper. An alloy or an aluminum alloy is used, and the sliding portion and the main body are joined by plastic working.

As the plastic working method, hot forging or cold forging is preferable. Further, in the joint portion between the main body portion and the sliding portion, if unevenness processing is performed on the joining side of the main body portion, the joining strength between the main body portion and the sliding portion can be improved (claim 3).

As a method of plastic working, other general working methods such as caulking, bending, extrusion, drawing, and shearing can also be used. In addition, if the corrugated surface of the main body is subjected to, for example, corrugation, the bonding strength between the main body and the sliding portion can be improved. Furthermore, even when a notch for preventing rotation is provided in the main body, the joint strength between them can be improved similarly or more.

The material of the sliding portion is preferably a sliding copper alloy or a sliding aluminum alloy having good forgeability and seizure resistance. In particular, if the material of the sliding portion is a lead-free copper alloy for sliding or a lead-free aluminum alloy for sliding that has good forgeability and seizure resistance, it is more preferable because there is no lead harm to the human body and the environment. ).

Incidentally, in the case of lead bronze which has been conventionally used, for example, when composite formation is attempted by a hot plastic working method, it is broken. In the present invention, since a sliding copper alloy or a sliding aluminum alloy excellent in forgeability and seizure resistance is employed, cold and hot forging can be performed.

On the other hand, as a sliding copper alloy,
Zn: 10 to 45%, one or more of Bi and Pb:
0.1 to 7%, at least one or more selected from Al, Ni, Si, Sn, Mn: 0.1 to 15%, F
e, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr, Mo, B, B
at least one or more selected from e: 0.1 to 3
%, And the balance is preferably a copper alloy composed of Cu and impurities (Claim 6).
P: 0.01 to 0.5%, one of Zn, Pb, and Ni
Species or more: 0.1-15%, the balance may be a copper alloy composed of Cu and impurities (claim 7).

[0013] In addition, as an aluminum alloy for sliding, weight%
And Si: 10 to 25%, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and N
i, Ti, Cr, Sn, Zr, Pb, Bi at least one or more selected from: 0.1 to 7%, the balance being Al
And an aluminum alloy comprising impurities (claim 8).

Further, as a lead-free copper alloy for sliding, Zn: 10 to 45% by weight, Al, Ni, Si, S
at least one or more selected from n and Mn:
1 to 15%, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Z
At least one or more selected from the group consisting of r, Mo, B, Bi, and Be: a lead-free copper alloy composed of 0.1 to 3%, with the balance being Cu and impurities (claim 9). And Sn: 1 to 25%, P: 0.01 to 0.5%, Z
At least one of n, Bi, and Ni: 0.1 to 15%, and the balance may be a lead-free copper alloy composed of Cu and impurities (claim 10).

[0015] As a lead-free aluminum alloy for sliding,
% By weight, Si: 10 to 25%, Mg, Cu, Fe, M
at least one selected from n, Ni, Ti, Cr, Sn, Zr and Bi: 0.1 to 7%, with the balance being Al
And a lead-free aluminum alloy comprising impurities (claim 11).

Next, the reasons for specifying the chemical components and the amounts of the copper alloys for forging, seizure resistance and sliding as described in claim 6 will be described. 1) Zn: 10 to 45% If the addition amount is less than 10%, strength, abrasion resistance, seizure resistance,
If the forgeability is insufficient and exceeds 45%, the forgeability and seizure resistance are impaired. 2) Al, Ni, Si, Sn, Mn: 0.1 to 15% These components dissolve in the matrix to improve the strength of the material. In addition, it composes an intermetallic compound, has seizure resistance,
Improves abrasion resistance. However, if it exceeds 15%, the material becomes brittle. 3) Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr, Mo,
B, Be: 0.1 to 3% These components constitute an intermetallic compound in the material and improve wear resistance and seizure resistance. If it is less than 0.1%, it is insufficient, and if it exceeds 3%, a coarse intermetallic compound is formed, which impairs seizure resistance and abrasion resistance and also makes the material brittle. 4) Bi, Pb: 0.1 to 7% These components improve seizure resistance. If it is less than 0.1%, it is insufficient, and if it exceeds 7%, the ductility of the material decreases.

Further, the copper alloy according to claim 7 is
It is as follows. 1) Sn: 1 to 25% Sn improves strength, seizure resistance, and abrasion resistance. If the amount exceeds 25%, the effect is saturated and the material becomes brittle. 2) Zn, Ni: 0.1 to 15% These components improve strength and wear resistance. 15%
If it exceeds, the seizure resistance is reduced. 3) Pb: 0.1 to 15% Pb improves seizure resistance. If it exceeds 15%, the material strength and ductility are reduced. 4) P: 0.01-0.5% P deoxidizes the material and maintains its strength. It also contributes to wear resistance and seizure resistance. However, if it exceeds 0.5%, it becomes brittle.

Next, the reasons for specifying the chemical components and the amount of the aluminum alloy for forging, seizure resistance and sliding as described in claim 8 will be described. 1) Si: 10 to 25% Si improves seizure resistance and wear resistance. If it exceeds 25%, the forgeability is impaired. 2) Mg, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Sn, Zr, C
r, Ti: 0.1 to 7% These components improve strength, wear resistance, and seizure resistance. If it exceeds 7%, the material becomes brittle. 3) Pb, Bi: 0.1 to 7% These components improve seizure resistance. 7% added
If it exceeds, ductility decreases and the material becomes brittle.

The sliding alloys according to the ninth, tenth and eleventh aspects are obtained by removing the Pb component from the corresponding sliding alloys according to the sixth, seventh and eighth aspects. Has been eliminated.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to tables and drawings.

Table 1 shows the test materials of the present invention and various test results using the test materials. 1 and 2 show a method of manufacturing a composite swash plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Table 1]

The composite swash plate according to the embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured by the means shown in FIG. That is, in the cold forging method in which the sliding member 3 is not preheated, the main body 2 and the sliding member 3 are arranged in the lower mold 1 for molding, and pressed by the upper mold 4. The sliding member 3 is plastically deformed, enters the concave / convex portions 5 and the cutout portions 6 on the outer periphery of the main body 2 and is joined. At this time, the sliding member 3
Are also molded at the same time. In addition, by providing the notch 6 in the main body 2, the joining strength between the main body and the sliding portion can be further improved.

In the case of the hot forging method in which the preheating temperature of the sliding member 3 is 420.degree. C. or 750.degree. C., the main body 2 is heated in the lower mold 1 at the above temperature. The sliding member 3 that has been set is arranged and pressed down by the upper mold 4. The sliding member 3 is plastically deformed and enters the concave / convex portion 5 and the notch 6 on the outer periphery of the main body 2 to be joined. At this time, the sliding member 3 is also formed at the same time. 2A and 2B are views for explaining a joined state after plastic working. FIG. 2A is a sectional view of a main part, and FIG. 2B is a plan view of a main part.

The above forging conditions are as follows. Press used: 200 ton friction press Forging preheating temperature: Cold forging, 420 ± 20 ° C, 750 ± 30 ° C Sliding member dimensions: φ96 × φ67 × 10^t  Body dimensions: φ66 × φ35 × 18^t(The outer diameter has irregularities)

The test for measuring the "pulling load" shown in Table 1 is as follows.
As shown in FIG. 3, the upper holding jig 10 was pushed in with an Amsler universal testing machine, and the load (max load) when the main body 2 and the sliding member 3 were separated was measured. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a lower support jig. In addition, the required value of 25,000 determined in-house
[N] and above were considered acceptable.

In the evaluation test of “seizure resistance” shown in Table 1, the thrust resistance of each sliding member was evaluated using a thrust wear tester. The test method is as follows.

4,610 rpm (sliding speed 5.5 m / s)
The disk-shaped test material is pressed against the cylindrical counterpart rotating at ec.) according to the load program shown in FIG. 4 until seizure occurs. The magnitude of the pressing load when seizure occurs is evaluated as the seizure resistance. The term “seizure” refers to a case where one or more of the following phenomena occurs. 1 When the specimen temperature exceeds 250 ° C 2 When the frictional force exceeds 50 Ncm

Table 2 shows the test conditions. Those which did not generate seizure with the load determined in the company were judged as acceptable.

[Table 2]

[0029]

As described above, in the swash plate made of the composite material of the present invention, the molding of the sliding member and the joining with the main body can be performed at once by, for example, simply forging using a general-purpose press. Therefore, compared with the conventional mechanical connection method, parts and man-hours for connection are not required, which is very advantageous in cost. Also, the shape can be reduced. Furthermore, as for the sliding member that affects the performance, materials having excellent sliding characteristics can be used, including the sliding member used in the conventional mechanical coupling method, so that the same performance can be secured. .

On the other hand, in the swash plate of the thermal spraying and sintering method, the coating of the sliding portion may be peeled off under severe use conditions, but the peeling phenomenon does not occur in the swash plate made of the composite material of the present invention. . In the thermal spraying and sintering method, the material to be used is more expensive than the sliding member of the present invention, and furthermore, an expensive and special device for thermal spraying and sintering is required. The plate is more cost effective than the thermal spraying and sintering method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part for explaining a method of manufacturing a composite swash plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are views for explaining a joined state of a main body and a sliding portion after plastic working shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a sectional view of a main part, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part for explaining a measurement test of a detachment load.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a seizure resistance evaluation test load program.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 4 Mold 2 Main body 3 Sliding member 5 Uneven portion 6 Notch 10 Upper holding jig 11 Lower support jig

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) B21J 13/02 B21J 13/02 B C22C 9/02 C22C 9/02 9/04 9/04 9/05 9 / 05 9/06 9/06 9/08 9/08 9/10 9/10 F04B 27/08 21/02 // C22C 21/02 F04B 27/08 AEL (72) Inventor Wataru Yagochu, Toyama (1) Chuetsu Alloy Casting Co., Ltd., No. 1, Nishi-Ashiwara, Shinkawa-gun, Tokyo (72) Inventor Kunihiro Uraki, No. 1, Chuetsu Alloy Casting Co., Ltd., No. 1, Nishi-Ashihara, Tateyama-cho, Nakayama, Toyama Person Kenichi Ichida 1 Nishi-Ashiwara, Tateyama-cho, Tateyama-cho, Toyama Pref. Inside Chuetsu Alloy Casting Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Jun Yasukawa 1-1-1 Nishi-Ashihara, Tateyama-cho, Tateyama-Cho, Toyama Pref. Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeyuki Aburaya Nishiashi, Tateyama-machi, Nakashinkawa-gun, Toyama Hara No. 1 1 Chuetsu Alloy Casting Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3H076 AA05 BB38 BB41 BB50 CC20 CC99 4E087 AA10 BA02 BA04 BA07 HB08 HB15

Claims (11)

[Claims] A swash plate for a variable capacity compressor has a main body made of an iron-based material, and a sliding portion of the swash plate is made of a copper alloy or an aluminum alloy. And a method for manufacturing a composite swash plate for a variable displacement compressor, wherein the composite swash plate is joined by plastic working. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plastic working is hot forging or cold forging. 3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the plastic working, the joint strength between the main body and the sliding portion is improved by providing irregularities on the joint side of the main body. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the material of the sliding portion is a sliding copper alloy or a sliding aluminum alloy having good forgeability and seizure resistance. 5. The sliding part is made of a lead-free copper alloy for sliding or a lead-free aluminum alloy for sliding, which has good forgeability and seizure resistance. The manufacturing method as described. 6. The composition of a sliding copper alloy is expressed in terms of
n: 10 to 45%, at least one of Bi and Pb:
1 to 7%, at least one or more selected from Al, Ni, Si, Sn, Mn: 0.1 to 15%, Fe, C
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of o, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr, Mo, B, and Be: 0.1 to 3%, with the balance being Cu and impurities.
The manufacturing method as described. 7. The composition of a sliding copper alloy is expressed by weight% of S
n: 1 to 25%, P: 0.01 to 0.5%, Zn, P
one or more of b and Ni: 0.1 to 15%, the balance being C
5. The method according to claim 4, comprising u and impurities. 8. The composition of a sliding aluminum alloy in weight%
Si: 10 to 25%, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni,
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein at least one or more selected from Ti, Cr, Sn, Zr, Pb, and Bi: 0.1 to 7%, with the balance being Al and impurities. 9. The composition of the lead-free copper alloy for sliding is in a weight%.
And Zn: 10-45%, Al, Ni, Si, Sn, M
at least one selected from n: 0.1 to 1
5%, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, Nb, V, Zr, M
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of o, B, Bi, and Be: 0.1 to 3%, with the balance being Cu and impurities. 10. The composition of a lead-free copper alloy for sliding is expressed by weight%.
And Sn: 1 to 25%, P: 0.01 to 0.5%, Z
6. At least one of n, Bi, and Ni: 0.1 to 15%, with the balance being Cu and impurities.
The manufacturing method as described. 11. The composition of a lead-free aluminum alloy for sliding is as follows: Si: 10 to 25% by weight, Mg, Cu, Fe, M
at least one selected from n, Ni, Ti, Cr, Sn, Zr and Bi: 0.1 to 7%, with the balance being Al
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises: