JP2002121562A - Structure of carbonization chamber flue and carbonization device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a carbonization device which does not generate any ignition source in carbides and inhibits combustion of carbides when taking them out. SOLUTION: In a structure of a carbonization chamber flue 4 communicating a carbonization chamber 1 having an agitating blade for stirring wastes inside with a combustion chamber 3 positioned near the carbonization chamber, the carbonization chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 are connected via a tubular member. In the middle of the tubular member, a one-way damper 21 is arranged to allow gas to flow in only one direction and block the circulation of the flow from the opposite direction.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the structure and carbonization of a carbonization chamber flue, and more particularly to carbonization of combustible waste such as garbage, paper, wood, and disposable diapers to reduce the volume and weight. The present invention relates to a structure of a carbonization chamber flue of a refuse carbonization device and a carbonization device using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are several known carbonizing apparatuses for carbonizing flammable refuse such as garbage, paper, wood, and disposable diapers to reduce the volume and weight of the refuse (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-1995).
280236, JP-A-10-160136, etc.). These carbonization devices are provided with a carbonization chamber for storing combustible waste such as garbage, paper, wood, and disposable diapers and carbonizing the waste, and a heating machine (first burner) formed around the carbonization chamber. The heating chamber and the carbonization chamber are provided with a combustion chamber having a combustor (second burner) for communicating combustible gas and the like generated in the carbonization chamber by communicating with a carbonization chamber flue, and other exhaust pipes.

In the operation of the carbonization treatment, while measuring the temperature of the carbonization chamber with a temperature measuring device installed in the carbonization chamber, the operation of the heater 11 is adjusted so that the temperature becomes constant, and the stirring blade is driven. The carbonization operation (carbonization step) is performed while stirring the garbage. When the refuse is carbonized and turned into carbide, the stirring blade stops the operation of the heater in the heating chamber, while continuing the same operation as in the carbonization process, in order to lower the temperature of the carbide.
A cooling operation (cooling step) of cooling the carbonization chamber from the surroundings while driving the fan is performed, and then the entire operation is completed.
Here, the odor and flammable gas generated from the refuse and carbides are generated continuously during the carbonization operation and also during the cooling operation while the temperature of the carbides is high, so that the combustor in the combustion chamber continues combustion during the entire operation. are doing.

[0004]

Depending on the type of refuse to be treated by the carbonization device, a fire may be generated inside the carbide when the entire operation is completed and the carbide is taken out. There is a problem that the combustion of the carbide is accelerated and smoke and a flame are generated from the carbide. An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, that is, to provide a carbonization apparatus in which no ignition is generated in the carbide and the carbide does not burn when the carbide is taken out.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors first studied the ignition phenomenon of carbides and found the following. That is, no fire is generated in the carbonization step, and a fire is generated in the cooling step. In the cooling process, the generation of combustible gas decreases with the decrease in the temperature of the carbides, and the pressure in the carbonization chamber decreases, so that the pressure in the combustion chamber that continues combustion becomes relatively high, and the high-temperature combustion in the combustion chamber A phenomenon occurs in which the gas flows into the inside of the coking chamber or replaces the gas inside the coking chamber. Then, the carbide in the carbonization chamber was ignited by the oxygen in the combustion gas flowing into the carbonization chamber, and the ignited carbide remained in the interior of the carbide even after the entire operation was completed. When the door of the carbonization chamber is opened to remove the carbide and the carbonization chamber is opened to the atmosphere, outside air flows into the interior of the carbonization chamber to promote combustion, and as a result, smoke and flame are generated from the carbide. .

Further, ignition in the cooling step has occurred as follows. In the conventional carbonization method, the stirring blades were driven in the cooling step in the same manner as in the carbonization step.Therefore, the carbonized, fine and light carbides flew up into powder by the stirring blades and filled the carbonization chamber. Then, when the high-temperature combustion gas in the combustion chamber flows, the carbide powder is ignited. In particular, when the temperature of the carbonization chamber is high in the cooling step, the condition in which the combustible gas continues to be generated from the carbide is extremely easy to ignite. Then, the carbide ignited in the space enters into the carbide deposited at the bottom of the carbonization chamber due to the agitation, and the ignited carbide entering the interior of the carbide ignites even after the entire operation is completed due to the heat retaining effect of the surrounding carbide. As it was, it remained in the carbide as a kind of fire.

[0007] From the above findings, the structure of the carbonization chamber flue according to the present invention has the following configuration. That is, the present invention is a structure of a carbonization chamber flue 4 that connects a carbonization chamber 1 having a stirring blade for agitating refuse therein and a combustion chamber 3 arranged near the carbonization chamber, The carbonization chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 are connected by a tubular member, and the tubular member allows a gas flow in only one direction, and prevents a flow from the opposite direction from flowing through the non-return damper. 21 is a structure of a carbonization chamber flue characterized by having 21 provided.

[0008]

Normally, in the carbonization step, the pressure in the carbonization chamber is higher than the pressure in the combustion chamber by several tens to several hundreds of millimeters of water, and the steam and combustible gas generated from the refuse in the carbonization chamber flow into the combustion chamber and become hot. It is processed. Since the inside of the carbonization chamber becomes almost anoxic due to the generation of steam in the early stage of the carbonization step, no ignition occurs in the carbonization chamber during the carbonization operation. In the cooling step, the generation of gas from the dust (carbide) in the carbonization chamber decreases, and the pressure in the carbonization chamber gradually decreases to become equal to or lower than the pressure in the combustion chamber. A phenomenon occurs in which the combustion gas in the combustion chamber flows into the chamber or replaces the gas in the carbonization chamber. However, according to the structure of the flue gas chamber of the present invention, the check valve is provided by a check valve (when a pressure gauge is provided in each of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, the check damper is formed by a pressure difference between the respective pressure gauges). (Closed), and there is no replacement of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber with the gas in the combustion chamber or the gas inside the carbonization chamber. Furthermore, even if it ignites, the fire extinguishes because the inside of the carbonization chamber is closed and there is no oxygen inflow.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described more specifically. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a carbonizing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. The illustrated garbage carbonizers are garbage, paper,
A carbonization chamber 1 for storing combustible waste 20 such as wood and disposable diapers, and a heating machine 1 formed to surround the carbonization chamber 1 for heating.
A heating chamber 2 provided with a combustion chamber 3 provided with a combustion chamber 12 for burning combustible gas and the like generated from the refuse 20; 2 and an exhaust pipe 7 communicating with a combustion chamber flue 6 for discharging exhaust gas from the combustion chamber 3, respectively. The combustion chamber 3 includes a flue gas for promoting combustion. A secondary air fan 13 for supplying secondary air is connected and provided. Further, a stirring blade 8 for stirring the dust 20 is provided inside the carbonization chamber 1, and is driven by a motor 9 via a drive transmission unit 10. Here, a check damper 21 that can be opened and closed is provided inside the flue gas chamber 4 to prevent replacement of combustible gas from the combustion chamber 1 with combustion gas from the combustion chamber 3. The heating chamber 2 is provided with a cooling fan 14, and the combustion chamber flue 6 is provided with a dilution fan 15 for reducing exhaust gas temperature. Further, a temperature measuring device (not shown) for measuring the temperature of the carbonization chamber 1 is provided in the carbonization chamber 1.
, A temperature measuring device (not shown) is also disposed in the combustion chamber 3, and a control panel 17 for controlling the operation of the carbonizing device is also provided.

When the operation is started by the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the temperature of the coking chamber 1 is measured by a temperature measuring device (not shown) installed in the coking chamber 1, and the heating device 11 is controlled so as to keep the temperature constant. A carbonization operation for carbonizing refuse is performed while controlling combustion by ON / OFF (ON / OFF) or the like. Stirring blade 8
Is driven simultaneously with the start of carbonization operation or several ten minutes later,
Stir the refuse 20 to promote heat transfer. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the flue gas stack, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are perspective views of the check damper 21. A check damper 21 which can be opened and closed is disposed in the tube of the coking chamber flue 4. The check damper 21 is formed by dividing a circular one into two substantially at the center, and the right valve body 22 and the left valve body 23 are joined by several free metal fittings 24. A support pin 27 for fixing the check damper 21 passes through the center of the universal fitting. When the apparatus is not operating, the right valve body 22 and the left valve body 23 are in close contact with the ribs 25 provided on the inner wall surface of the carbonized flue 4 and the carbonized chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 are checked by this check. It is in a state of being partitioned by the damper 21.

On the other hand, during the carbonization operation, the pressure in the carbonization chamber 1 is higher than the pressure in the combustion chamber 3, and the check damper 21 disposed in the flue 4 of the carbonization chamber depends on the pressure from the carbonization chamber 1. , Right valve body 22 and left valve body 23 are pushed up, and rib 2
The flammable gas flows into the combustion chamber from the gaps between the fuel cell 5 and the respective valve elements, and is combusted by the combustor 12 provided in the combustion chamber 3. When the carbonization operation is continued for about 4 to 8 hours and the carbonization of the combustible organic matter 20 is completed, the heating machine 11 is used to cool the carbide.
Is stopped, and the fan of the heater 11 and the cooling fan 14 are driven to cool the carbonization chamber 1 from the surroundings. During this cooling operation, the carbonized chamber 1 is cooled, so that the amount of combustible gas generated from the carbonized chamber 1 gradually decreases, and the pressure difference between the carbonized chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 disappears. The valve body of the check damper 21 in the flue 4 of the coking chamber cannot be pushed up, and is in intimate contact with the rib.
No inflammable gas flows into the tank. That is, the combustion chamber 3
There is no replacement of the combustible gas from the carbonization chamber 1 with the combustion gas. Thereafter, when the temperature of the carbonization chamber 1 reaches a predetermined temperature, the entire operation ends, and the carbide is discharged from the coal discharge port 19.

FIG. 5 shows a sectional structure of a flue section of a coking chamber showing another example according to the present invention. The carbonization chamber 1 and the combustion chamber 3 are provided with a carbonization chamber pressure gauge 27 and a combustion chamber pressure gauge 28 for detecting respective pressures. For example, the pressure in the carbonization chamber is P1, and the pressure in the combustion chamber is P2. Assuming, P1 ≦ P2
, The non-return damper 21 is in a closed state, and when P1> P2, the non-return damper 21 is in an open state.
7 and the value of the combustion chamber pressure gauge 28 are detected and converted into electric signals to output signals, which are input to the control panel 17 to control the opening and closing of the check damper 21. This check damper 2
The means for opening and closing 1 is not limited to electricity, but may be a method of opening and closing using hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, or the like. Further, in the present invention, the structure is a double opening structure, but may be a single opening structure.

[0013]

According to the present invention, since the non-return damper for preventing the gas or hot air from the combustion chamber from flowing back in the carbonization chamber is provided in the carbonization flue, the combustion gas and the flammable gas in the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are provided. Alternatively, since the replacement of oxygen can be prevented, the ignition of the carbide is unlikely to occur.Even if the carbide is ignited, the fire extinguishes as the cooling of the carbonization chamber progresses because there is no inflow of oxygen into the carbonization chamber. It is possible to safely remove carbides without leaving.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a carbonizing apparatus according to an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a carbonization chamber flue.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the check damper in a closed state.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the check damper in an open state.

FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of another example of the carbonizing apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Carbonization room 2: Heating room 3: Combustion room 4: Carbonization room flue 5: Heating room flue 6: Combustion room flue 7: Exhaust stack 8: Stirrer blade 9: Motor 10: Drive transmission unit 11: First Burner 12: Second burner 13: Secondary air fan 14: Cooling fan 15: Dilution fan 17: Control panel 18: Waste inlet 19: Charcoal outlet 20: Waste 21: Check damper 22: Right valve 23: Left Valve body 24: Swivel fitting 25: Rib 26: Support pin 27: Carbonization chamber pressure gauge 28: Combustion chamber pressure gauge

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F23G 5/16 ZAB F23G 5/16 ZABB 5/50 ZAB 5/50 ZABP F-term (Reference) 3K061 AB02 AC01 CA01 FA21 3K062 AA23 AB02 AC01 BA02 CB03 DA12 DB30 3K078 BA02 CA02 CA07 CA11 4D004 AA03 AA12 CA15 CA26 CA32 CB04 CB28 CB34 CB37 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA07 DA20 4H012 HA02 JA03 JA11

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A carbonization chamber flue structure for communicating a carbonization chamber having a stirring blade and a combustion chamber disposed near the carbonization chamber, wherein the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber are tubular members. Connected, a check damper is provided inside the tubular member,
Structure of coking chamber flue. 2. The structure of the carbonization chamber flue according to claim 1, wherein a pressure gauge is provided in each of the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber, and the check damper is opened and closed by a pressure difference between the respective pressure gauges.