JP2002083625A - Fuel for fuel cell system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel for a fuel cell system where there is a large amount of electric power generation per weight, much electric power generation per CO2 generation amount, proper fuel consumption, less evaporated gas (evapo-emission), a small deterioration of the fuel cell system such as a reforming catalyst, a water gas shift reaction catalyst, a carbon monoxide removing catalyst, and a fuel cell stack or the like, and where an initial performance can be maintained for a long time, where a handling property, such as a storage stability and a flash point or the like, is superior and where heat quantity of pre-heating is small. SOLUTION: This fuel for the fuel cell system, which contains hydrocarbon oil of not less than 5 vol.%, and contains 0.5 to 20 wt.% of oxygenated compound by oxygen element conversion, while the total amount of fuel is taken as the reference, and which has a distillation property that the initial boiling point of distillation of hydrocarbon compound component is not lower than 130 deg.C and not higher than 250 deg.C, 10 vol.% distillation temperature is not lower than 140 deg.C and not higher than 290 deg.C, 90 vol.% distillation temperature is not lower than 240 deg.C and not higher than 390 deg.C, 95 vol.% distillation temperature is not lower than 250 deg.C and not higher than 400 deg.C, and the distillation end point is not lower than 260 deg.C and not higher than 410 deg.C.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a fuel used in a fuel cell system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the sense of danger to the future global environment has increased, and the development of an earth-friendly energy supply system has been demanded. In particular, C to prevent global warming
O ₂ reduction, THC (unreacted hydrocarbons in exhaust gas),
NOx, PM (particulate matter in exhaust gas: soot, fuel,
It is required to achieve a high degree of reduction of harmful substances such as high boiling point of lubricating oil and unburned polymer components. Specific examples of such a system include an automobile power system replacing the conventional Otto diesel system or a power generation system replacing the thermal power.

[0003] Therefore, a fuel cell having an energy efficiency close to ideal and basically emitting only H ₂ O and CO ₂ is expected to be the most promising system for meeting the needs of society. To achieve such a system, it is indispensable to develop not only the technical development of equipment but also the optimal fuel for it. Conventionally, hydrogen, methanol, and hydrocarbon fuels have been considered as fuels for fuel cell systems.

[0004]

As a fuel for a fuel cell system, hydrogen is advantageous in that it does not require a special reformer, but because it is a gas at room temperature, it has good storage properties and can be mounted on vehicles and the like. There is a problem with the quality and special equipment is required for supply. In addition, there is a high risk of ignition and care must be taken when handling.

[0005] On the other hand, methanol is advantageous in that it can be relatively easily reformed into hydrogen. However, since the power generation amount per weight is small and toxic, it needs to be handled with care. In addition, since it is corrosive, special equipment is required for storage and supply.

[0006] As described above, no fuel has been developed yet to make full use of the performance of the fuel cell system. In particular, as a fuel for a fuel cell system, a large amount of power generation per weight, a large amount of power generation per CO ₂ generation, a good fuel efficiency of the whole fuel cell system, and a small amount of evaporative gas (evaporative emission) are used. That the deterioration of the fuel cell system such as reforming catalyst, water gas shift reaction catalyst, carbon monoxide removal catalyst, fuel cell stack, etc. is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, the system startup time is short, storage stability and ignition Good handling properties such as points are required.

In the fuel cell system, it is necessary to keep the temperature of the fuel and the reformer at a predetermined temperature. Therefore, the amount of heat required for the fuel and the reformer (the amount of heat for balancing preheating and endothermic heat accompanying the reaction) is subtracted from the amount of power generation. The power generation amount is the power generation amount of the entire fuel cell system. Therefore, the lower the temperature required for reforming the fuel, the smaller the amount of preheating is advantageous, the shorter the startup time of the system is, and the more advantageous is that the amount of heat per weight required for preheating the fuel is small. It is. If the preheating is not sufficient, the amount of unreacted hydrocarbons (THC) in the exhaust gas increases, which may not only reduce the power generation per weight but also cause air pollution.
Conversely, when the same system is operated at the same temperature, it is advantageous that the THC in the exhaust gas is small and the conversion rate to hydrogen is high.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a fuel suitable for a fuel cell system that satisfies the above requirements in a well-balanced manner.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, a fuel containing a specific amount of an oxygen-containing compound and a hydrocarbon compound having a specific distillation property. However, they found that they were suitable for fuel cell systems.

That is, the fuel for a fuel cell system according to the present invention comprises (1) a hydrocarbon oil in an amount of 5% by volume or more and an oxygen-containing compound in an amount of 0.5 to 20% by mass based on the total amount of the fuel in terms of oxygen element. And the initial distillation point of hydrocarbon compounds is 130
10 ° C to 250 ° C, 10% by volume distillation temperature 140 ° C to 290 ° C, 90% by volume distillation temperature 240 ° C to 3 ° C
90 ° C or less, 95% by volume Distillation temperature is 250 ° C or more and 400
° C or less, and the distillation end point is 260 ° C or more and 410 ° C or less. The fuel containing the oxygen-containing compound in a specific amount, and the hydrocarbon compound component has a specific distillation property,
Those satisfying the following additional requirements are more preferable. (2) The sulfur content is 500 ppm by mass or less. (3) The saturated content of the hydrocarbon compound is 50% by volume or more,
Aromatic content is 50% by volume or less, 1 ring aromatic is 30% by volume or less, 2 ring aromatic is 15% by volume or less, 3 ring or more is 1%
0% by volume or less and olefin content is 5% by volume or less. (4) The density at 15 ° C. is 0.89 g / cm ³ or less. (5) The flash point is 20 ° C. or higher. (6) The hydrocarbon compound has a cetane index of 30 or more and a cetane number of 20 or more. (7) The residual carbon content of 10% residual oil is 1.0% or less. (8) The kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is 1.5 to 8.0 cst. (9) The cloud point is + 10 ° C or lower, the pour point is + 5 ° C or lower, and the clogging point is + 10 ° C or lower. (10) The liquid has a heat capacity at 1 atm and 15 ° C.
It is 2.5 kJ / kg · ° C. or less. (11) The latent heat of evaporation is 350 kJ / kg or less.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be described in more detail. In the present invention, the oxygen-containing compound contained in a specific amount includes alcohols having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
And the like. Specifically, for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol,
Butanol, isobutanol, dimethyl ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl tertiary butyl ether, tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), tertiary amyl ethyl ether, and the like.

[0012] The content of these oxygen-containing compounds is that the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good and that the T
Since the amount of HC is small and the start-up time of the system is short, it is necessary that the amount is 0.5% by mass or more in terms of oxygen element based on the total amount of fuel, and further considering the balance with the amount of power generation per weight. , 20% by mass or less.

The fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned oxygen-containing compounds, has a large power generation amount per weight and a large power generation amount per CO ₂ generation amount. A mixture with a hydrocarbon oil,
It is preferable that the blending amount of the hydrocarbon oil is 5% by volume or more based on the total amount of the fuel.

In the present invention, the distillation properties of the hydrocarbon compound are as follows. The first distillation point is 130 ° C
130 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less, preferably 1
The temperature is more preferably from 45 ° C to 250 ° C. When the initial distillation point is low, the flammability is increased, and evaporative gas (THC) is easily generated, which causes a problem in handling.

The distillation properties other than the initial distillation point of the hydrocarbon compound of the fuel of the present invention are as follows.
₁₀ ) is from 140 ° C. to 290 ° C., the 50% by volume distillation temperature (T ₅₀ ) is preferably from 210 ° C. to 300 ° C., and the 90% by volume distillation temperature (T ₉₀ ) is from 240 ° C. to 390 ° C.
° C or lower, preferably from 240 ° C to 360 ° C,
240 ° C. or more and 330 ° C. or less, more preferably 240 ° C. or more and 310 ° C. or less, and a 95% by volume distillation temperature (T ₉₅ ) of 250 ° C. or more and 400 ° C. or less,
380 ° C or lower, preferably 250 ° C or higher and 320 ° C or lower, and the distillation end point is 260 ° C or higher and 410 ° C or lower, preferably 260 ° C or higher and 390 ° C or lower,
The temperature is most preferably from 0 ° C to 340 ° C.

If the 10% by volume distillation temperature (T ₁₀ ) is low, the flammability increases, and evaporative gas (THC) is easily generated, which causes a problem in handling.

On the other hand, 90% by volume distillation temperature (T ₉₀ ), 95%
The upper limit of the volume% distillation temperature (T ₉₅₎ and distillation endpoint many power generation amount per weight, amount of power generation per CO ₂ generation amount is large, overall fuel consumption of the fuel cell system is good, in the exhaust gas It is defined in terms of a small amount of THC, a short system start-up time, a small deterioration of the reforming catalyst and a sustained initial performance.

The above-mentioned initial distillation point, 10% by volume distillation temperature (T ₁₀ ), 50% by volume distillation temperature (T ₅₀ ), 90% by volume distillation temperature (T ₉₀ ), and 95% by volume distillation Temperature ( _T95 ),
The distillation end point is a distillation property measured according to JIS K 2254 “Petroleum products-Distillation test method”.

Although the sulfur content of the fuel of the present invention is not limited at all, the fuel cell system such as a reforming catalyst, a water gas shift reaction catalyst, a carbon monoxide removing catalyst, a fuel cell stack, etc. is less likely to deteriorate, and the From the viewpoint that the performance can be maintained for a long time, it is preferably 500 mass ppm or less, more preferably 300 mass ppm or less, still more preferably 50 mass ppm or less, more preferably 10 mass ppm, based on the total amount of fuel. Even more preferably, it is most preferably less than 1 ppm by mass.

Here, when the sulfur content is 1 mass ppm or more, the sulfur content measured by JIS K 2541 "Crude oil and petroleum products-sulfur content test method" is 1 mass ppm.
Less than ASTM D4045-96 "Standard
Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Hy
drogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry ".

In the present invention, the composition of the hydrocarbon compound is not limited at all, but the saturated component (V (S)) is 5%.
0 volume% or more, total aromatic content (V (T-Ar)) is 50 volume% or less, and one-ring aromatic (V (1-Ar)) is 30 volume%.
Below, 15% by volume or less of two-ring aromatics (V (2-Ar)), 10% by volume or less of aromatics (V (3-Ar)) of three or more rings, and 5% by volume of olefins (V (O)). % Is preferable. Hereinafter, these will be individually described.

V (S) indicates that the amount of power generation per weight is large, the amount of power generation per CO ₂ generation is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, and the T
The amount is preferably 50% by volume or more, more preferably 70% by volume or more, and most preferably 80% by volume or more, because of a small amount of HC and a short startup time of the system.

V (T-Ar) means that the power generation amount per weight is large, the power generation amount per CO ₂ generation amount is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, and THC in the exhaust gas is small. In view of the fact that the starting time of the system is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, it is preferably 50% by volume or less, more preferably 40% by volume or less, and more preferably 30% by volume or less. It is even more preferred that the content be less than 20% by volume.

V (1-Ar) indicates that the power generation amount per weight is large, the power generation amount per CO ₂ generation amount is large, the fuel efficiency of the whole fuel cell system is good, and the THC in the exhaust gas is small. In view of the fact that the starting time of the system is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, it is preferably 30% by volume or less, more preferably 20% by volume or less, and more preferably 15% by volume or less. Most preferably.

V (2-Ar) means that the amount of power generation per weight is large, the amount of power generation per CO ₂ generation is large, the fuel efficiency of the whole fuel cell system is good, and the THC in the exhaust gas is small. In view of the fact that the starting time of the system is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, it is preferably 15% by volume or less, more preferably 10% by volume or less, and more preferably 5% by volume or less. Even more preferably, it is most preferably 3% by volume or less.

V (3-Ar) indicates that the power generation amount per weight is large, the power generation amount per CO ₂ generation amount is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, and THC in the exhaust gas is small. 10% by volume or less, preferably 5% by volume because the starting time of the system is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time.
It is more preferably at most 3% by volume, still more preferably at most 3% by volume, and most preferably at most 1% by volume.

V (O) indicates that the amount of power generation per weight, the amount of power generation per CO ₂ generation is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, and the T
5% by volume or less is preferable because of low HC, short system start-up time, and excellent storage property.
It is more preferably 1% by volume or less, and 0.5% by volume.
It is most preferred that:

[0028] The two preferable ranges of the sulfur content and the preferable range of the composition are satisfied. However, the reforming catalyst, the water gas shift reaction catalyst, the carbon monoxide removal catalyst, the fuel cell stack, etc. It is most preferable because the deterioration is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time.

The above V (S), V (T-Ar), V (1
-Ar), V (2-Ar), V (3-Ar), and V
(O) is the HP defined in JPI-5S-49-97.
This is a value measured by the LC method.

Although the density of the present invention is not limited at all, the power generation amount per weight, the power generation amount per CO ₂ generation is large, the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, It is preferably not more than 0.89 g / cm ³ at 15 ° C. from the viewpoint that the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time because the THC is small and the starting time of the system is short. 0.87g
/ Cm ³ or less, more preferably 0.85 g / cm 3
Even more preferably ³ or less, 0.83 g / cm
Most preferably ³ or less. In addition, the density at 15 ° C. is measured according to JIS K 2249 “Density Test Method for Crude Oil and Petroleum Products and Conversion Table of Density / Mass / Volume”.

The flash point of the present invention is not limited at all, but from the viewpoint of flammability, it is preferably at least 20 ° C., more preferably at least 45 ° C., and preferably at least 60 ° C.
The above is most preferable. The flash point is determined by JI
It is measured by SK 2265 "Crude oil and petroleum products-Flash point test method".

The cetane index and the cetane number of the hydrocarbon compound of the present invention are not limited at all, but the power generation per weight, the power generation per CO ₂ generation, and the fuel cell The cetane index is 30 or more because the fuel efficiency of the entire system is good, the THC in the exhaust gas is small, the startup time of the system is short, the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small, and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time. Are preferably 45 or more, more preferably 50 or more, and most preferably 55 or more. Further, the cetane number is preferably 20 or more, more preferably 46 or more, and most preferably 50 or more. The cetane index and the cetane number are measured according to JIS K 2280 “Cetane number test method, cetane index calculation method”.

The residual carbon content of the present invention is not limited at all. However, because the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, the 10% residual oil residual carbon content is 1.0% or less. Some are preferred, those with 0.10% or less are more preferred, and those with 0.05% or less are most preferred. The residual carbon content is determined according to JIS K22
It is measured by 70 "Residual carbon content test method".

The kinematic viscosity of the present invention is not limited at all, but the kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. is preferably 1.5 to 8.0 cst, and most preferably 1.5 to 5.0 cst. preferable. The kinematic viscosity is measured according to JIS K228
3 Measured by "Kinematic viscosity test method".

The low-temperature fluidity of the present invention is not limited at all, but the cloud point is + 10 ° C. due to handling properties and the like.
Or less, more preferably + 5 ° C. or less, still more preferably 0 ° C. or less.
Those having a temperature of 5 ° C or lower are more preferred, and those having a temperature of -10 ° C or lower are most preferred. Further, the pour point is preferably not more than + 5 ° C, more preferably not more than -2.5 ° C, still more preferably not more than -7.5 ° C,
Those having a temperature of -20 ° C or lower are more preferable, and those having a temperature of -30 ° C or lower are most preferable. The clogging point is +10
C. or lower, more preferably -1 C. or lower, still more preferably -5 C. or lower, still more preferably -12 C. or lower, and -19 B.
It is most preferred that the temperature be less than or equal to ° C. The cloud point and pour point are measured according to JIS K 2269 “Cloud point test method, pour point test method”, and the clogging point is measured according to JIS.
It is measured according to K 2288 "Clogging point test method".

In the present invention, the heat capacity of the fuel is not limited at all. However, since the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, the heat capacity of a liquid at 1 atm and 15 ° C. is 2.5 kJ / kg · C. or less is preferred.

In the present invention, there is no limitation on the latent heat of vaporization of the fuel. However, since the fuel efficiency of the fuel cell system as a whole is good, the latent heat of vaporization is 350 kJ / k.
g or less is preferable.

These heat capacities and latent heats of vaporization are calculated using a water calorimeter,
It is measured by a calorimeter such as an ice calorimeter, a vacuum calorimeter, or an adiabatic calorimeter.

The method for producing the fuel of the present invention is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, desulfurized kerosene obtained by desulfurizing a kerosene fraction obtained by distilling crude oil, desulfurized gas oil obtained by desulfurizing a gas oil fraction obtained by distilling crude oil, heavy gas oil obtained by distilling crude oil, natural gas GTL obtained by FT (Fischer-Tropsch) synthesis after decomposing gas etc. into carbon monoxide and hydrogen
(Gas to Liquids) Light oil equivalent fraction obtained by hydrodesulfurization / cracking of gas oil, vacuum distillate, etc., hydrocracked gas oil obtained by hydrodesulfurization / cracking of vacuum distillate, heavy oil / residual oil It is produced using one or two or more base materials such as heavy oil directly desulfurized gas oil obtained after direct desulfurization of a crude oil, and catalytically cracked light oil obtained by catalytic cracking of a residual oil or a vacuum distillate oil. The above-mentioned base material can be produced by mixing one or more kinds of the oxygen-containing compounds referred to in the present invention.

Among these, preferred as a base material for producing the fuel of the present invention are desulfurized kerosene, desulfurized light oil, G
TL gas oil, hydrocracked gas oil, and the like. Preferred oxygen-containing compounds include methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethanol, isopropanol, isobutanol and the like.

The fuel for a fuel cell system of the present invention contains a fluidity improver for improving low temperature fluidity, a cetane number improver for improving cetane number, and a lubricity improver for improving lubricity. And the like.

Since the deterioration of the reforming catalyst is small and the initial performance can be maintained for a long time, the flowability improver is preferably 1,000 ppm or less, more preferably 500 ppm or less, and 30 ppm or less.
0 ppm or less is more preferred, and 200 ppm or less is most preferred. For similar reasons, the cetane improver is 500
It is preferably 0 ppm or less, more preferably 3000 ppm or less, and most preferably 1000 ppm or less. For the same reason, the lubricity improver is preferably 200 ppm or less,
100 ppm or less is more preferable, and 50 ppm or less is most preferable.

The fuel of the present invention is used as a fuel for a fuel cell system. The fuel cell system according to the present invention includes a fuel reformer, a carbon monoxide purifier, a fuel cell, and the like. The fuel of the present invention is suitably used in any fuel cell system.

The fuel reformer is for reforming the fuel to obtain hydrogen which is the fuel of the fuel cell. As the reformer, specifically, for example, (1) a fuel containing hydrogen as a main component is obtained by mixing a fuel vaporized by heating and steam and performing a heating reaction in a catalyst such as copper, nickel, platinum, and ruthenium. A steam reforming reformer that obtains a product. (2) By mixing a heated and vaporized fuel with air and reacting in a catalyst such as copper, nickel, platinum, ruthenium or the like without a catalyst, hydrogen is used as a main component. Partial oxidation reformer to obtain a product
(3) mixing the heated and vaporized fuel with steam and air,
Before the catalyst layer of copper, nickel, platinum, ruthenium, etc.,
(2) The partial oxidation type reforming is performed, and the heat generation of the partial oxidation reaction is used in the subsequent stage to perform the steam type reforming (1) to obtain a product mainly composed of hydrogen. Oxidation / steam reforming type reformer and the like.

The carbon monoxide purifier removes carbon monoxide contained in the gas generated by the above reformer and becomes a catalyst poison of the fuel cell.
(1) Water gas shift reaction in which reformed gas and heated vaporized water are mixed and reacted in a catalyst such as copper, nickel, platinum, and ruthenium to obtain carbon dioxide and hydrogen as products from carbon monoxide and water vapor. (2) a selective oxidation reactor for converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide by mixing a reformed gas with compressed air and reacting in a catalyst such as platinum or ruthenium; Used in combination.

As the fuel cell, specifically, for example,
Examples include a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), and a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).

The fuel cell system as described above is used for an electric vehicle, a conventional engine-electric hybrid vehicle, a portable power source, a distributed power source, a home power source, a cogeneration system, and the like.

[0048]

EXAMPLES Table 1 shows the properties and the like of the base material (light oil) used for each fuel in Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0049]

[Table 1] Tables 2 and 3 show the composition and properties of each fuel used in Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0050]

[Table 2]

[0051]

[Table 3] Each of these fuels was subjected to a fuel cell system evaluation test, an evaporative gas test, and a storage stability test.

Fuel cell system evaluation test (1) Steam reforming type Fuel and water are vaporized by electric heating, filled with a noble metal catalyst, and led to a reformer maintained at a predetermined temperature by an electric heater to be rich in hydrogen. A reformed gas was generated. The temperature of the reformer was the lowest temperature at which reforming was completely performed in the initial stage of the test (the lowest temperature at which THC was not contained in the reformed gas). The reformed gas is led to a carbon monoxide treatment device (water gas shift reaction) together with water vapor to convert carbon monoxide in the reformed gas into carbon dioxide, and the generated gas is guided to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate electricity. Was. FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of the steam reforming type fuel cell system used for the evaluation.

(2) Partially oxidized fuel is vaporized by electric heating, filled with a precious metal catalyst together with preheated air, and led to a reformer maintained at 1250 ° C. by an electric heater to generate a reformed gas rich in hydrogen. I let it.
The reformed gas is led to a carbon monoxide treatment device (water gas shift reaction) together with water vapor to convert carbon monoxide in the reformed gas into carbon dioxide, and the generated gas is guided to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell to generate electricity. Was. FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of the partial oxidation fuel cell system used for the evaluation.

(3) Evaluation method H in the reformed gas generated from the reformer immediately after the start of the evaluation test
₂ , CO, CO ₂ and THC were measured. Similarly, the amounts of H ₂ , CO, CO ₂ , and THC in the reformed gas generated from the carbon monoxide treatment device immediately after the start of the evaluation test were measured. Immediately after and 24 hours after the start of the evaluation test, the amount of power generation, the amount of fuel consumed, and the amount of CO ₂ discharged from the fuel cell were measured.
The amount of heat (preheat amount) required to guide each fuel to a predetermined reformer temperature was calculated from the heat capacity and latent heat of vaporization. Also,
From these measured / calculated values and fuel calorific value, the performance degradation ratio of the reforming catalyst (power generation 24 hours after test start / power generation immediately after test start), thermal efficiency (power generation immediately after test start / fuel calorific value) , And a preheating amount ratio (preheating amount / power generation amount) were calculated.

Storage stability test Each fuel was heated to 149 ° C., and the total acid value and the ASTM color were evaluated. Table 4 shows the measured and calculated values.

[0056]

[Table 4]

[0057]

As described above, by using a fuel containing a specific amount of an oxygen-containing compound and a hydrocarbon compound having a specific distillation property in a fuel cell, electric energy with a small performance deterioration ratio can be produced at a high output. In addition to being obtainable, it can be seen that the fuel satisfies various performances for fuel cells.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a steam reforming fuel cell system used for evaluating fuel for a fuel cell system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a partial oxidation fuel cell system used for evaluating fuel for a fuel cell system according to the present invention.

Continued on the front page (72) Osamu Sadakane, Inventor Osamu 8 Chidori-cho, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Nippon Mitsubishi Central Research Laboratory Co., Ltd. Nishiishi Mitsubishi Corporation Central Technology Laboratory F-term (reference) 4H013 CD02 CD06 5H026 AA02 AA06 5H027 AA02 BA01 BA17 DD00

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An oil containing at least 5% by volume of a hydrocarbon oil and containing an oxygen-containing compound in an amount of 0.5 to 0.5% based on the total amount of fuel in terms of oxygen element.
20% by mass, and the initial distillation point of the hydrocarbon compound is 130 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less, and the 10% by volume distillation temperature is 1
40 ° C to 290 ° C, 90% by volume distillation temperature is 240
A fuel for a fuel cell system having a distillation property of not less than 390 ° C. and not more than 390 ° C., a 95% by volume distillation temperature of not less than 250 ° C. and not more than 400 ° C., and a distillation end point of not less than 260 ° C. and not more than 410 ° C. 2. The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the sulfur content is 500 ppm by mass or less. 3. A hydrocarbon compound having a saturated component of 50% by volume or more and an aromatic component of 50% by volume or less, and one ring aromatic compound of 30% by volume or less.
3. The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the content of the two-ring aromatic is 15% by volume or less, the content of the three or more rings is 10% by volume or less, and the content of the olefin is 5% by volume or less. 4. A density at 15 ° C. of 0.89 g / cm ³
The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein: 5. The flash point is 20 ° C. or higher.
The fuel for a fuel cell system according to any one of the above. 6. The hydrocarbon compound having a cetane index of 30.
The fuel for a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the cetane number is 20 or more. 7. The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein a 10% residual oil residual carbon content is 1.0% or less. 8. A kinematic viscosity at 30 ° C. of 1.5 to 8.0 cs.
The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein t is t. 9. A cloud point of + 10 ° C. or less and a pour point of + 5 ° C.
The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein a clogging point is + 10 ° C. or less. 10. The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the liquid has a heat capacity at 1 atm and 15 ° C. of 2.5 kJ / kg · ° C. or less. 11. The fuel for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein latent heat of vaporization is 350 kJ / kg or less.