JP2002068723A - Method and device for manufacturing activated charcoal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for efficiently manufacturing activated charcoal, which is an inexpensive charcoal having high surface activity suitable for environmental clean-up or the like. SOLUTION: This method comprises detecting by a thermocouple a centrosphere temperature of a treated material 21 which is a raw material for charcoal and changing or controlling the volume of combustion emission gas supplied to a carbonizing furnace 2 as heat source so that the detected centrosphere temperature meets the programmed characteristics of temperature change set separately in respective processes for drying, thermal decomposition, charring, carbonization/activation and forcibly cooling. In the carbonization/activation process, combustion emission gas is supplied together with activation gas such as air and steam to simultaneously carry out carbonization and activation treatments. In the forcibly cooling process, cooling gas is repeatedly supplied into the carbonizing furnace to forcefully lower the treated material's temperature. When the treated material's temperature is lowered to about 150 deg.C, cooling water is sprayed in the carbonizing furnace while supplying cooling gas to accelerate cooling speed and shorten the time required for cooling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a method for producing high-quality activated charcoal produced from woody materials such as waste wood, unused wood, bamboo, wood composites, and biomass as raw materials (objects to be treated). The present invention relates to a charcoal production device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this kind of charcoal production method includes:
It is known to supply combustion exhaust gas as a heat source for carbonization in the carbonization furnace, or to reduce the time required for the cooling step in the carbonization furnace by performing the cooling process after the carbonization process outside the carbonization furnace. (See, for example, JP-A-122191 and JP-A-2785108).

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method for producing charcoal, the adjustment or control of the carbonization temperature in the carbonization furnace is performed by detecting the atmosphere temperature in the carbonization furnace and performing the adjustment based on this atmosphere temperature. Therefore, even if the above-mentioned ambient temperature can be brought close to the set temperature suitable for each step of the carbonization process, the temperature of the material itself to be carbonized (the temperature of the central part of the material to be processed) ) Is far from the set temperature. In particular, in the initial stage of temperature rise, the temperature of the object to be processed is far away from the set temperature, and in the subsequent temperature rise process to the maximum temperature, the temperature of the workpiece itself is delayed from the set temperature to the low temperature side. Will occur. As a result, the carbonized charcoal is deviated from the charcoal of the expected quality, and results in a large variation in quality. It also consumes wasted energy.

[0004] Here, the quality of charcoal varies greatly depending on the processing temperature for carbonization. Therefore, in order to produce good quality charcoal, it is very important to control the heating temperature of the object to be carbonized, not the above ambient temperature.

In addition, in order to produce good quality charcoal, it is necessary to perform various treatment steps under appropriate temperature conditions according to each reaction phenomenon until the material to be treated changes from a raw material state to good quality charcoal.

In recent years, the use of charcoal as an alternative to expensive coconut shell activated carbon and the like as an environmental purification material has been increasing, and further improvement in quality and function has been strongly demanded. For this purpose, it has been necessary to activate charcoal by an inexpensive method to produce charcoal having an unprecedented surface activity of charcoal, that is, activated charcoal.

On the other hand, when wood and bamboo having a high water content of about 60% (wet base) are used as the object to be treated, the time required for the drying step of the object to be treated generally depends on the entire processing step excluding the cooling step. Occupies a large ratio of 30% or more of the time required. Furthermore, if this drying step is not performed gradually, the charcoal quality will be seriously affected, for example, the charcoal will have significant cracks and the degree of carbonization will be uneven.

Further, if the high-temperature object to be treated is taken out of the furnace for cooling after completion of the carbonizing treatment, it is exposed to the oxygen of the outside air and spontaneously ignites explosively. It will be cooled naturally as it is. Then, since the carbonization furnace itself is insulated, the temperature drop is extremely slow, for example, spending three days or more, which is not suitable for industrial production of charcoal. On the other hand, if it is rapidly cooled by any means, a remarkable crack is generated due to a sudden shrinkage, which may lead to a deterioration in the quality of charcoal.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention, which is different from conventional charcoal, inexpensive and high-quality charcoal having high surface activity and suitable for environmental purification. An object of the present invention is to provide an activated charcoal production method and an activated charcoal production apparatus capable of efficiently producing activated charcoal.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention firstly divides the temperature into appropriate processing steps set at appropriate temperature conditions and manages the temperature conditions by controlling the temperature of the object to be processed itself. Secondly, it is necessary to impart surface activity to charcoal to increase adsorption capacity, and thirdly, to reduce the quality of charcoal in the carbonization furnace without causing deterioration. It has been made by paying attention to the fact that it is necessary to efficiently and uniformly cool the high-temperature charcoal layer to shorten the cooling time.

More specifically, the first aspect of the first invention relating to the method for producing activated charcoal is to fill and store an object to be treated, which is a raw material of activated charcoal, in a carbonization furnace, and to put combustion exhaust gas and carbon dioxide in the carbonization furnace. The method is based on an activated charcoal production method in which a combustion exhaust gas containing air and activated CO ₂ , air and water or steam are supplied to perform an activation process consistently with a carbonization process. The process, the drying step of evaporating water on the object to be treated, the pyrolysis step of performing pyrolysis by the start of thermal degradation, the wood carbonization step of wood carbonization, carbonization and activation treatment in parallel After the carbonization activation step is performed in order, the cooling step is performed. In addition, while detecting the internal temperature of the object to be processed, the supply amount of the combustion exhaust gas and the air is changed and adjusted so that the detected internal temperature exhibits a change characteristic specified below in each of the processing steps. Is also a specific matter. That is, in the drying step, the temperature is raised from substantially room temperature or outside temperature to a temperature range of about 50 ° C. to about 110 ° C., and the temperature range of about 50 ° C. to about 110 ° C. is maintained for a predetermined time. Approx. 400 ° C after completion
To a temperature range of about 550 ° C., in the wood carbonization step, the temperature range of about 400 ° C. to about 550 ° C. is maintained for a predetermined time, and in the carbonization activation step, the temperature is about 400 ° C. to about 5 ° C.
The temperature is raised from a temperature range of 50 ° C. to a predetermined temperature in a temperature range of about 600 ° C. to 1200 ° C., and is further increased to about 600 ° C. to 120 ° C.
Maintaining a predetermined temperature in a temperature range of 0 ° C. for a predetermined time.

A second aspect of the first invention relating to the method for producing activated charcoal is that, in the carbonization activation step, the internal temperature of the object to be treated is raised to a predetermined temperature in the temperature range of about 600 ° C. to 1200 ° C. As an activation gas while maintaining
A predetermined amount of combustion exhaust gas, air and water or water vapor containing ₂ is supplied into a carbonization furnace for a predetermined time to be brought into contact with the object to be processed, and carbonization and activation of the object to be processed proceed simultaneously. .

A third aspect of the first invention relating to the method for producing activated charcoal is that, in the cooling step, the object to be treated in the carbonization furnace is indirectly or directly forcibly cooled to thereby reduce the temperature of the object to be treated. To make the descent faster than natural cooling.
Indirect cooling is a specific matter that the wall of the carbonization furnace filled with the object to be treated is cooled with a cooling gas to gradually lower the temperature of the object to be treated, and in the cooling step, Direct cooling refers to repeatedly supplying a cooling gas containing no oxygen into a carbonization furnace filled with the object to be processed and bringing the same into direct contact with the object to be processed to gradually lower the temperature of the object to be processed. Is a specific matter.

Further, in any of the indirect or direct forced cooling in the cooling step, together with the forced cooling, the internal temperature of the object is reduced to about 150 ° C., and then the object is cooled. The internal temperature of the workpiece is reduced to a temperature at which the workpiece does not ignite spontaneously even if it comes into contact with the outside air by repeatedly and intermittently spraying cooling water introduced from outside the carbonization furnace. It is.

A second invention relating to an activated charcoal producing apparatus for carrying out the first invention is directed to a carbonizing furnace for filling and storing an object to be treated, which is a raw material of activated charcoal, and an integrated or integrated carbonizing furnace. A combustion exhaust gas supply unit configured to independently configure and burn a combustion target and supply combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion to the inside of the carbonization furnace; and a combustion exhaust gas amount supply adjustment unit that changes and regulates a supply amount of the combustion exhaust gas. An object temperature detecting means for detecting the internal temperature of the object itself, and an internal temperature detected by the object temperature detecting means based on a set change characteristic previously set according to the processing step. Supply amount change control means for controlling the operation of the combustion exhaust gas amount change adjustment means so as to change, activation processing means for gas activating the object, and strengthening the object after the activation processing. By comprising a forced cooling means for cooling is to a certain matter.

[0016]

As described above, according to the first invention relating to the method for producing activated charcoal and the second invention relating to the apparatus for producing activated charcoal, the quality and the environment are superior to those of conventional charcoal. Inexpensive, high-quality charcoal with high surface activity suitable for purification and the like, that is, activated charcoal can be efficiently and industrially produced.

Specifically, by controlling the heating temperature based on the detected value of the internal temperature of the object to be treated, not only can activated charcoal of the initially set quality be reliably obtained, but also
Wood undergoes thermal decomposition, wood carbonization, and carbonization treatment processes that set temperature conditions based on the temperature change characteristics corresponding to the physical and chemical changes exhibited during the heating process. By performing the activation treatment based on the activation characteristics in parallel with the carbonization, activated charcoal of high quality and high activity can be produced.

Further, the time of the cooling step can be reduced by gradually and indirectly or directly forcibly cooling the object without causing cracks in the object. In particular, from the low temperature stage where the temperature of the object reaches about 200 ° C. to about 100 ° C., the cooling rate is remarkably reduced.
At the point when the temperature reaches 0 ° C., by using intermittent cooling water spray, the calorie of the object to be treated is also converted into steam and taken out, so that the cooling time can be significantly reduced and the productivity can be improved. be able to.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an activated charcoal production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The combustion exhaust gas supply means 4 supplies the combustion exhaust gas generated by burning the material to be burned to the carbonization furnace 2, and the smoke generated by the carbonization of the material to be processed in the carbonization furnace 2 or the processing after the carbonization process is completed. Means for forced cooling of a cooling gas for forcibly cooling an object,
5 is a gas-liquid separating means for condensed liquid generated by cooling the smoke or the cooling gas, 6 is a smoke incineration means for treating smoke generated in the carbonizing furnace 2 and not cooled by the cooling means 4, and 7 is into the carbonizing furnace 2. Means for supplying forced cooling gas and smoke to be supplied to the smoke incineration means 6; means 8 for supplying cooling water and water or steam for activation treatment to be supplied into the carbonization furnace 2; Is a supply amount change control means for controlling the operation of the combustion exhaust gas amount change adjustment means.

The carbonization furnace 2 is constituted by a heat insulating material wall 20 at its periphery, and can accommodate an object 21 to be processed. A plurality of thermocouples 22 serving as temperature detection means are attached to the inside of the workpiece 21 so as to be taken out of the carbonization furnace 2 through an outlet 23 provided on the wall surface of the carbonization furnace 2. is there. In the carbonization furnace 2, a combustion exhaust gas supply port 24 for heating the workpiece 21 is provided at an upper portion of the carbonization furnace 2, and the combustion exhaust gas used for heating the workpiece 21 and the combustion exhaust gas are generated from the workpiece 21 in the carbonization process. The discharge port 25 for discharging the smoke is
It is installed at the bottom of. Here, the flue gas supply port 2
When 4 is provided in the lower part of the carbonization furnace 2, the discharge port 25 for the combustion exhaust gas and the smoke is provided in the upper part of the carbonization furnace 2.

The combustion exhaust gas supply means 3 includes a refractory wall 30.
In the interior, there are provided a combustion chamber 32 for accommodating the solid fuel 31 to be burned, and an inlet 33 for introducing the solid fuel 31 into the combustion chamber 32. A liquid or gaseous fuel combustion device 34 is provided below the combustion exhaust gas supply means 3.
And a feeder 35 for supplying combustion air to the combustion chamber 32 and a supply air amount change adjusting means (damper) 36 for the combustion air.

A flue gas supply pipe 37 connected to the flue gas supply port 24 of the carbonization furnace 2 and a reverse flow of gas and cooling gas from the carbonization furnace 2 are provided above the combustion flue gas supply means 3. A non-return valve 38 for preventing is provided. Further, a cooling gas supply port 39 for forcibly cooling the workpiece 21 in the carbonization furnace 2 is provided on a wall surface of the combustion exhaust gas supply pipe 37.
Is installed.

Inside the forced cooling means 4, an air supply pipe 4 is provided.
0 is connected to the discharge port 25 and the gas-liquid separation unit 5 attached to the lower part of the carbonization furnace 2. Further, cooling water is sent to the cooling means 4, and is configured to cool the outer wall of the air supply pipe 40.

The gas-liquid separating means 5 includes a condensed liquid storage means 50 generated by cooling the smoke or cooling gas by the forced cooling means 4, a smoke or cooling gas gas storage means 51, and a liquid storage means 50. And a gas supply means 53 for supplying gas to the gas storage means 51.

The forced air supply means 7 includes a gas storage means 51
A blower 70, an air supply pipe 71, an air supply pipe 72, and a damper 73 are provided so that the smoke sucked and discharged from the apparatus can be forcibly supplied to the smoke incineration means 6. The air supply pipe 72 is connected to the lower portion 61 of the smoke incineration means 6. ing.

The forced air supply means 7 is provided with a blower 70, an air supply pipe 71, an air supply pipe 74, so that the cooling gas sucked and discharged from the gas storage means 51 can be forcibly supplied to the carbonization furnace 2.
It is composed of a damper 75 and a check valve 76, one end of the air supply pipe 74 is connected to the air supply pipe 72, and the other end of the air supply pipe 74 is connected to the cooling gas supply port 39.

The means 8 for supplying the cooling water and water or steam for activation treatment comprises a water pump 80, a water supply pipe 81, a water supply pipe 82 and a valve 83. The water supply pipes 82 are respectively connected to spray nozzles 84 installed inside the carbonization furnace 2.

The supply amount change control means 9 is connected to a thermocouple 22 and a compensating conductor 90 installed on the object 21 in the carbonization furnace 2 and detects and detects the internal temperature of the object. The control signal is sent to operating devices such as the combustion exhaust gas supply means 3, water or steam supply means 8 and forced cooling means 7 (not shown).

Hereinafter, each of the carbonization steps and the corresponding control will be described.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the set change characteristics of the total carbonization process according to the embodiment of the present invention. Each of the drying process, the pyrolysis process, the wood carbonization process, the carbonization activation process, and the forced cooling process is shown. FIG. 4 shows a change in internal temperature of a processing object in a process with respect to an elapsed time.

A description will now be given of a processing method and control of carbonization based on the set change characteristics shown in FIG.

The workpiece 21 is filled in the carbonization furnace 2, and thermocouples 22 are mounted at a plurality of predetermined positions. Next, the thermocouple 22 and the compensating lead wire 90 are connected, and the thermocouple outlet 23 is connected to the supply amount change control means 9 installed outside the carbonization furnace. Next, the charging port 33 is opened, and a suitable amount of wood chips or wood chips as the solid fuel 31 is charged into the combustion chamber 32. Thereafter, the combustion device 34 is operated to ignite the solid fuel 31. After ignition, the combustion device 34 is stopped, and the solid fuel 31 is burned while sending air to the combustion chamber 32 by the feeder 35 to generate combustion exhaust gas. The combustion exhaust gas is sent into the carbonization furnace 2 through the combustion exhaust gas supply pipe 37, and heats the workpiece 21 in the carbonization furnace to increase the temperature. The workpiece 21 gradually rises in temperature from, for example, an outside air temperature of about 20 ° C. as shown in FIG. At this time, the detected internal temperature of the processing object 21 is set to, for example, 100 ° C., and the supply amount of air from the feeder 35 is controlled by the damper 36 so as to maintain this temperature. By doing so, the amount of combustion of the solid fuel 31 is controlled to control the amount of combustion exhaust gas generated, and consequently the internal temperature of the object 21 is controlled. Workpiece 21
The internal temperature of is maintained at 100 ° C. during the moisture evaporation. For example, the object 21 has a water content of about 60%,
100 ° C for cedar wood with a diameter of about 10cm to 15cm
Is maintained for about 24 hours, the water evaporation is almost completed. Therefore, it is only necessary to supply the amount of heat corresponding to the amount of water evaporation of the processing object 21, and a drying step with extremely high energy efficiency is achieved.

When the supply of the combustion exhaust gas is continuously received and the water content of the processing object 21 ends to evaporate, the detected internal temperature starts to increase, and when the temperature approaches 130 ° C., thermal degradation of the processing object 21 starts. The thermal decomposition process is started. In this thermal decomposition step, the thermal decomposition rapidly progresses due to the start of the thermal degradation and generates heat by itself (the thermal decomposition of wood is an exothermic reaction). Start to soar to the extent. At this stage, since heat supply from the outside is not required, the amount of combustion air supplied is reduced in accordance with the degree of increase in the detected internal temperature to suppress the amount of combustion of the solid fuel 31. That is, the supply amount of the combustion exhaust gas is suppressed.

Also, in the above-mentioned thermal decomposition step, since the internal temperature of the object 21 is detected and managed, direct temperature information can be obtained, so that unnecessary energy need not be supplied and energy efficiency can be reduced. Is an extremely high pyrolysis process.

After several hours, the thermal decomposition is completed, and although the temperature varies depending on the diameter of the article 21 to be treated, the detected internal temperature stabilizes in a state of being raised to a temperature of about 400 ° C. to 550 ° C. The wood carbonization step is performed by maintaining the stable temperature state for a predetermined time while controlling the supply amount of the combustion exhaust gas. For example, in the case of a cedar material having a diameter of about 10 cm to 15 cm, the time of the wood carbonization step is about 12 hours.

Next, a carbonization activation step for obtaining activated charcoal of a desired quality is performed. In the carbonization activation step, the amount of combustion air supplied is increased to increase the amount of combustion exhaust gas generated, and the internal temperature of the object 21 is gradually raised to a predetermined temperature. For example, when the detected internal temperature is 800 ° C. which is a predetermined temperature.
After the temperature is raised to about the same level, the supply amount of the combustion air is controlled so as to maintain the temperature at 800 ° C. for a predetermined time, so that the entire treatment object 21 is uniformly carbonized. Generally, the time for the carbonization activation step may be about 12 hours.

In the above-mentioned carbonization activation step, if the solid fuel 31 is insufficient, new solid fuel can be added from the charging port 33, and fossil fuel such as LPG gas and kerosene is burned by the combustion device 34. It is also possible to obtain combustion exhaust gas. Alternatively, only a small amount of air may be supplied without newly adding a solid fuel to partially burn the object to be processed 21 to maintain the detected internal temperature. Alternatively, the combustion air of the combustion device 34 may be supplied as excess air, and the object 21 may be partially burned by that amount to maintain the temperature rise and the above-described detected internal temperature.

In the above-mentioned carbonization activation step, supplying the combustion exhaust gas and a small amount of air supplies the activation gas, that is, carbon dioxide gas and oxygen, so that the carbonization of the article to be treated 21 proceeds and the activation treatment is performed. Will be

Further, in the above-mentioned carbonization activation step, by supplying steam of the activation gas into the carbonization furnace in combination with the supply of the combustion exhaust gas and a small amount of air, the article to be treated 21 is further activated and the highly activated charcoal is activated. Becomes In this case, even if a small amount of water is intermittently supplied into the carbonization furnace, the same effect can be obtained because the water is converted into steam at the furnace temperature.

The water supplied to the carbonization activation step is
The liquid is sucked from the liquid storage means 50 by a water pump 80, and is supplied through water supply pipes 81 and 82 to a valve 83 and a spray nozzle 84.
Supplied by

In this operation of supplying water or steam, the pressure in the carbonization furnace may rise sharply. In this case, the safety valve 26 installed in the carbonization furnace 2 is operated to activate the pressure in the carbonization furnace. Lower.

The detected internal temperature in the carbonization activation step can be raised to about 1200 ° C. In this case, the heating may be continued by increasing the combustion air amount or the combustion amount of the fossil fuel. .

The carbonization activation step is completed as described above, and then the forced cooling step is started.

After the completion of the carbonization activation treatment, the temperature of the heat insulating layer 20 and the object to be treated 21 of the carbonization furnace 2 are high at a predetermined temperature in a temperature range of, for example, 600 ° C. to 1200 ° C. Then, by sending a low-temperature cooling gas from above the processing object 21 through the cooling gas supply port 39, the thermal energy of the heat insulating layer and the processing object is transferred to the cooling gas. Temperature will drop accordingly. The cooling gas whose temperature has been increased by obtaining thermal energy exits the smoke outlet 25 and is sent to the forced cooling means 4 (for example, a heat exchanger) through the air supply pipe 40.

At this time, pulverized coal may be simultaneously carried out when passing through the article to be treated 21. Therefore, a pulverized coal separation means (for example, a cyclone) is provided in the middle of the air supply pipe 40 to remove the pulverized coal from the cooling gas. You may make it separate.

The heat energy of the cooling gas sent to the forced cooling means 4 is transferred to the cooling water existing around the outside of the air supply pipe 40, so that the temperature of the cooling gas decreases accordingly.

The cooling gas exiting the cooling means 4 is supplied to the air supply pipe 4
0, and is sent to the gas-liquid separation means 5 and the cooling gas storage means 5
1 (for example, in a gas holder). At this time, the condensate contained in the cooling gas is separated from the cooling gas and stored in the liquid storage means 50 (for example, a water tank).

The cooling gas stored in the cooling gas storage means 51 passes through a blower 70, an air supply pipe 71, an air supply pipe 74, a damper 75, and a check valve 76, and is supplied again from the supply port 39 to the inside of the carbonization furnace 2. Sent and heat-insulated layer 20 and workpiece 21
To further reduce the temperature of the heat insulating layer and the object to be processed.

At this time, it is necessary to close the damper 73 of the air supply pipe 72 so that the cooling gas of the cooling storage means 51 is not sent to the smoke incineration means 6.

In order to prevent the cooling gas from the cooling storage means 51 from being sent from the supply port 39 and entering the combustion chamber 32, the check valve 38 must be closed.

The temperature of the object to be treated 21 is forcibly cooled from the inside by repeatedly sending the cooling gas into the carbonization furnace 2 by the above-mentioned forced air sending means. The cooling rate increases significantly. The internal temperature of the workpiece 21 is detected and managed by the attached thermocouple 22, and the cooling gas is repeatedly sent into the carbonization furnace until the temperature reaches about 150 ° C.

The internal temperature of the object 21 is about 150 ° C.
Is reached, the liquid (for example, water) stored in the liquid storage means 50 is sprayed by the water pump 80 into the spray nozzle 80.
Is sprayed intermittently over the object to be processed 21 for several seconds.
At this time, the heat energy of the processing target 21 is consumed as the sensible heat and latent heat of evaporation of the sprayed water, and the temperature of the processing target 21 decreases accordingly.

The water sprayed by the water pump 80 becomes steam, and the steam exits the smoke outlet 25 together with the cooling gas circulated to the carbonization furnace 2 and is sent to the cooling means 4 again. Can be The water vapor is cooled by the cooling means 4 to become condensed water, which is stored in the liquid storage means 50 and circulated.

A new water supply device 52 is connected to the gas-liquid separation means 5 so that the water is supplied as needed.

The cooling gas storage means 8 is connected to a cooling gas replenishing means 53 for supplying cooling gas as needed.

The forced cooling means 4 can also be used to cool the smoke generated during the carbonization process and recover the wood vinegar. The wood vinegar liquid collected at this time is stored in the liquid storage means 50 or a separate container (not shown).

The smoke which does not condense even when cooled by the forced cooling means 4 is blown by the blower 70 into the air supply pipe 72 and the damper 7.
3 and is sent to the lower part 61 of the smoke incineration means 6 to be incinerated and released to the outside air. At this time, the damper 75 needs to be closed.

[0059]

EXAMPLE Table 1 shows the results of tests on the adsorption performance of cedar activated charcoal obtained at a carbonization activation treatment temperature of 700 ° C. using a carbonization furnace of the activated charcoal production method of the present invention. here,
For comparison, the adsorption performance of cedar charcoal at 700 ° C. obtained by a conventional carbonization apparatus controlled at ambient temperature and not activated, and white coal, black coal, and coal-based activated carbon produced in a conventional earthen kiln are shown for comparison. However, the adsorption performance test was performed according to JIS K 1474.
Activated carbon test method and analysis of fixed carbon were conducted according to JIS M88.
12 Coal and coke were performed according to the industrial analysis method.

[Table 1]

As can be seen from Table 1, the adsorption performance of the activated charcoal of the present invention is twice the value of charcoal without activation treatment, nearly three times that of white charcoal and black charcoal, and almost the same value as activated carbon. Is recognized. In addition, fixed carbon also has a value larger than that of conventional charcoal, and carbonization has been favorably performed, which can be said to be excellent charcoal.

<Other Embodiments> The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes various other embodiments. That is, in the above embodiment, the carbonization furnace 2 and the combustion chamber 32 are separately provided, but may be integrated with the carbonization furnace. Further, the forced cooling means for cooling gas and the forced cooling means for smoke may be separated. In any case, the concept is the same as in the above embodiment.

Further, the combustion air taken into the combustion chamber 32 may be taken in by the suction action (draft effect) of the blower 70 of the forced air supply means 7 without using the feeder 35. The amount of air at this time is adjusted by opening and closing the damper 36.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an activated charcoal production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Carbonization furnace 3 Combustion exhaust gas supply means 4 Forced cooling means 5 Gas-liquid separation means 6 Smoke incineration means 7 Forced air supply means 8 Water (or steam) supply means 9 Supply amount change control means 20 Wall surface 21 Workpiece 22 Thermocouple 32 Combustion chamber 34 Combustion device 35 Feeder (blower) 84 Spray water nozzle

FIG. 2 shows an example of a set change characteristic of a total carbonization process according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a change in internal temperature of an object to be processed with respect to an elapsed time.

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. Wood which is a raw material of activated charcoal in a carbonization furnace,
In an activated charcoal production method for producing activated charcoal by filling and accommodating a wood-based material to be treated such as bamboo material and supplying combustion exhaust gas and air into the carbonization furnace, drying the material to be treated is performed by evaporating water. The process, the pyrolysis process in which pyrolysis is performed by starting thermal degradation of wood or bamboo, the wood carbonization process in which wood is carbonized, the carbonization activation process in which carbonization and activation are performed, and the subsequent cooling process are integrated Activated charcoal production method. 2. The activated charcoal production method according to claim 1, wherein all of the treatment steps are performed while detecting the internal temperature of the object to be treated, and the detected internal temperature is determined as follows in each of the treatment steps. ) An activated charcoal production method in which the amount of heating of an object to be processed is changed and adjusted so as to change as in (e). (A) In the drying step, the temperature of the object to be treated, which is substantially the same as the room temperature or the outside air temperature, is raised to a temperature range of about 50 ° C. to 110 ° C., and this temperature range is maintained for a predetermined time. In the process, after the drying process is completed, about 400
C. to a temperature range of about 550 ° C., (c) in the wood carbonization step, the above-mentioned about 400 ° C. to about 550 ° C.
(D) In the carbonization activation step, the above-mentioned temperature range is maintained at about 400 ° C. to about 55 ° C.
The temperature is raised from a temperature range of 0 ° C. to a temperature range of about 600 ° C. to about 1200 ° C. (e) In the carbonization activation step, the above-mentioned about 600 ° C. to about 12 ° C.
A predetermined temperature in a temperature range of 00 ° C. is maintained for a predetermined time. 3. The activated charcoal production method according to claim 2, wherein in the carbonization activation step, an activation gas is supplied into the carbonization furnace while heating the object to be treated, and the activated gas is brought into contact with the object to be treated. An activated charcoal production method in which carbonization and activation of the object to be treated are performed simultaneously. 4. The activated charcoal production method according to claim 3, wherein the activation gas is a combustion exhaust gas containing CO ₂ , air and water or steam. 5. The activated charcoal production method according to claim 1, wherein in the cooling step, the object to be treated in the carbonization furnace is indirectly or directly forcibly cooled to reduce the temperature drop of the object to be treated. Activated charcoal production method that makes it faster than cooling. 6. The activated charcoal production method according to claim 5, wherein in the cooling step, indirect cooling refers to cooling the wall surface of a carbonization furnace filled with the object to be treated with a cooling gas and cooling the object. Activated charcoal production method performed by lowering the temperature of the treated material. 7. The activated charcoal production method according to claim 5, wherein in the cooling step, the direct cooling is a process of repeatedly supplying a cooling gas containing no oxygen into a carbonization furnace filled with the object to be treated. An activated charcoal production method wherein the temperature of the object to be treated is lowered by bringing the object into direct contact with the object to be treated. 8. The method for producing activated charcoal according to claim 5, wherein in the cooling step, the internal temperature of the object to be treated is about 1%.
When the temperature drops to 50 ° C, the cooling water introduced from outside of the carbonization furnace is sprayed on the object to lower the internal temperature of the object to a temperature at which the object does not ignite spontaneously even if it comes into contact with the outside air. Activated charcoal production method. 9. A carbonization furnace for filling and containing an object to be treated, which is a raw material of activated charcoal, and an integrated or independent carbonizing furnace, which burns the object to be burned and generates the combustion exhaust gas generated by the combustion. Combustion exhaust gas supply means for supplying into the carbonization furnace, combustion exhaust gas amount supply adjustment means for changing and adjusting the supply amount of the combustion exhaust gas, and an object temperature detection means for detecting the internal temperature of the object itself; Supply amount change control means for controlling the operation of the combustion exhaust gas amount change adjustment means such that the detected internal temperature detected by the processing object temperature detection means changes based on a preset change characteristic set in advance according to the processing step. An activated charcoal production apparatus, comprising: activation processing means for gas-activating the object to be treated; and forced cooling means for forcibly cooling the object after the activation treatment. 10. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the treatment step includes a drying step of evaporating water on the object to be treated, and a pyrolysis step of performing thermal decomposition by starting thermal degradation. After the carbonization step of carbonizing the wood and the carbonization activation step of carbonizing and activating are sequentially performed, the cooling step is performed, and the setting change characteristic is substantially the same as the room temperature or the outside air temperature in the drying step. Approximately 50 ° C
To a temperature range of about 110 ° C. to maintain the temperature range for a predetermined time.
The temperature is raised from a temperature range of 10 ° C to a temperature range of about 400 ° C to about 550 ° C.
The temperature range of about 550 ° C. is maintained for a predetermined time, and in the carbonization activation step, the temperature is raised from the temperature range of about 400 ° C. to about 550 ° C. to a predetermined temperature in the temperature range of about 600 ° C. to about 1200 ° C. An activated charcoal production apparatus for maintaining a predetermined temperature in a temperature range of about 1200C to about 1200C for a predetermined time. 11. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein, in the carbonization activation step, a predetermined amount of an activation gas is supplied into a carbonization furnace while heating the object to be treated. An activated charcoal production apparatus for simultaneously performing carbonization and activation of the object to be treated by contacting the same. 12. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the combustion exhaust gas supply means includes: a combustion device for a liquid or gaseous fuel as an object to be burned; and a combustion device for burning a solid fuel as an object to be burned. A combustion chamber, and a feeder for supplying combustion air into the combustion chamber, wherein the combustion exhaust gas amount change adjusting means is configured to change and adjust the supply amount of combustion air by the feeder. Charcoal production equipment. 13. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the carbonization furnace is a container having a heat insulating structure for accommodating the object to be treated, and the combustion exhaust gas is disposed above or below the object to be treated. An activated charcoal production apparatus, which is connected to the combustion chamber so as to be able to supply the gas to the object to be treated, and is configured to discharge smoke generated in the carbonization process together with the combustion exhaust gas from the carbonization furnace. 14. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the carbonization furnace has an outlet for taking out a plurality of thermocouples for measuring an internal temperature of the object to be processed out of the carbonization furnace; A spraying device for supplying water or steam used for the activation treatment of the treatment object and cooling water used for the forced cooling of the treatment object into the carbonization furnace, and a safety device for maintaining the pressure in the carbonization furnace at a predetermined level or less. An activated charcoal production device comprising: 15. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the forced cooling means is configured to perform forced cooling of smoke generated in the pyrolysis step and the wood carbonizing step, and after completion of the carbonization activation step. An activated charcoal production apparatus configured to also perform forced cooling of the cooling gas used for forcibly cooling an object to be processed or to be independent. 16. The activated charcoal manufacturing apparatus according to claim 15, wherein said forced cooling means includes means for cooling said smoke or said cooling gas, and means for cooling condensate generated when said smoke or said cooling gas is cooled. Activated charcoal production equipment comprising gas-liquid separation means, and connected to means for forcedly sending the smoke to the smoke incinerator and means for forcedly sending the cooling gas into the carbonization furnace. 17. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the gas-liquid separation means is a gas storage means for the gas separated from the smoke or the cooling gas, and is separated from the smoke or the cooling gas. An activated charcoal production apparatus, comprising: a liquid storage means for storing a separated liquid, and wherein the gas storage means is connected to an inert gas or a gas replenishing means containing no oxygen. 18. The activated charcoal production apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the activation processing means includes a means for supplying the cooling water for forced cooling of the object to be processed and a means for supplying the activation water to the object to be processed. An activated charcoal production device configured to also serve as a means for supplying water or steam or as an independent device.