JP2002040134A - Rear turbulence observing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and accurately detect air turbulence generated in the sky midair above a runway. SOLUTION: The rear turbulence observing device, which observes a rear air turbulence generated as an airplane lands and takes off, is provided with an optical transmitter receiver which scans a laser beam to receive its reflected wave; an airplane position detection part which detects the position of the airplane from the reflected wave of the airplane in the sky above the runway received by the optical transmitter receiver; a flight-path decision part which decides the flight-path of the airplane from the position information of the airplane position detection part; an azimuth/elevation indication part which limits the beam scanning range of the optical transmitter receiver to the periphery of the path of the airplane according to the flight-path information of the flight-path decision part; and a rear air turbulence detection part which detects the rear air turbulence making a beam scan on the flight-path periphery indicated by the azimuth/elevation indication part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wake turbulence observation device for transmitting or scanning a laser beam over a runway to observe wake turbulence generated by takeoff and landing of an aircraft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the safety of aircraft has been greatly improved with the support from the ground by radars and air traffic control systems. Recently, air traffic control has been studied in consideration of the effects of wake turbulence generated by aircraft takeoff and landing. ing. In a wake turbulence observation device that monitors such wake turbulence, an optical transceiver that transmits or scans a laser beam may be used as a detection sensor, for example. It is common to detect wake turbulence by beam scanning over the runway over a wide area, which is not constant depending on the aircraft.

[0003]

However, in the conventional wake turbulence observation apparatus, for example, the wake turbulence is detected by scanning the laser beam over a wide area including the area where the wake turbulence does not occur. However, it is necessary to perform the wake turbulence detection process on a large amount of received data received by the optical transceiver, and there is a problem that the beam scanning time and the wake turbulence detection process by the optical transceiver require wasteful time.

For example, FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of wind direction and wind speed information over the runway obtained by wide-area beam scanning, and illustrates two-dimensional wind direction and wind speed information with the elevation angle and azimuth direction as coordinate axes. . As shown in FIG. 20, in the conventional wake turbulence observation device, the wind direction and the wind speed information of the portion that is finally deleted as the background wind 27 are more than those of the portion that is detected as the wake turbulence information 28. Thus, useless beam scanning and backward turbulence detection processing have been performed.

[0005] In particular, in the case of mechanically scanning a laser beam, the time required for the beam scanning itself is long. Therefore, even if the detection processing of the wake turbulence is performed using a high-speed computing device, the beam scanning time of the laser beam is reduced. The turbulence itself could not be shortened, and it was extremely difficult to detect wake turbulence efficiently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel wake turbulence observation device capable of accurately and efficiently detecting wake turbulence generated above a runway. With the goal.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observing device for observing a wake turbulence generated by takeoff and landing of an aircraft. An optical transceiver for receiving the aircraft, an aircraft position detector for detecting the position of the aircraft from reflected waves of the aircraft on the runway received by the optical transceiver, and a wake of the aircraft from the position information of the aircraft position detector. A trajectory determining unit for determining the trajectory, an azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit that limits the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the wake of the aircraft, according to the wake information of the wake determining unit; And a wake turbulence detection unit that detects the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the wake.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observation device for observing a wake turbulence generated as an aircraft takes off and landing, wherein the optical transceiver transmits a laser beam and receives a reflected wave thereof. And an airport surveillance radar that monitors the intrusion or departure of the aircraft in the airspace around the airport, and the position information of the aircraft over the runway detected by the airport surveillance radar into wake information based on the installation position of the optical transceiver. A coordinate conversion unit for performing coordinate conversion, an azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit for limiting the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the wake of the aircraft in accordance with the wake information of the coordinate conversion unit; And a wake turbulence detection unit that detects the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the wake.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observation apparatus for observing a wake turbulence generated by takeoff and landing of an aircraft. The wake turbulence observation apparatus receives a reflected wave by scanning a laser beam over the runway. An optical transceiver,
A plurality of beam scanning patterns are stored in advance, and a beam control unit that instructs a beam scanning pattern according to the position information of the aircraft, and detection of the wake turbulence by beam scanning of the beam scanning pattern instructed by the beam control unit And a wake turbulence detector that performs the following.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observing device for observing a wake turbulence generated by takeoff and landing of an aircraft. A beam control unit for instructing a beam scanning pattern according to machine information, an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam on the beam scanning pattern instructed by the beam control unit and receiving a reflected wave, and the optical transceiver A wind direction / wind speed detection unit for detecting wind direction / wind speed information on the runway from the reflected wave received by the wake turbulence detection unit for detecting the wake turbulence from the wind direction / wind speed information detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit It is provided with.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observation device for observing a wake turbulence generated as an aircraft takes off and landing, wherein the optical transceiver transmits a laser beam and receives a reflected wave thereof. A wind direction / wind speed detecting unit for detecting wind direction / wind speed information on the runway from the reflected wave received by the optical transceiver;
A vortex position detector that detects the position of the wake turbulence based on the wind direction and wind speed information detected by the wind speed detector; and a turbulence flow that adjusts the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver according to the position information of the vortex position detector. And a wake turbulence detection unit that detects the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the occurrence position instructed by the beam control unit.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the wake turbulence observation apparatus, a plurality of optical transceivers are installed, and the plurality of optical transceivers scan the beam within the beam scanning range.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the wake turbulence observation apparatus, the laser beam has a wavelength of 1.5 MM band.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a structure of a beam control unit shown in FIG. A specific configuration of the device will be described. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an optical transceiver that transmits or scans a laser beam of a predetermined specification in the air and receives a reflected wave reflected by dust or the like in the air, and 2 denotes received data received by the optical transceiver 1. And a wind direction / wind speed detection unit 3 for detecting the wind direction and wind speed value of the atmosphere from the Doppler shift amount, and 3 a beam which describes so-called wind direction and wind speed information detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit 2. Based on the azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal from the control unit, the beam is synthesized and edited for each beam scan, and based on the synthesized and edited wind direction and wind speed information, the wake turbulence over the runway caused by the takeoff and landing of the aircraft, that is, the vortex The synthesizing unit 4 extracts the turbulence information extracted by the synthesizing unit 3 into a display signal, and displays the display signal on the display unit. Display processing unit, 5 an optical transceiver 1
An aircraft position detecting unit 6 for detecting the position of the aircraft based on the received data received by the controller and the azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal from the beam control unit; CPU (not shown) limits the beam scanning range based on the position information
The beam control unit instructs the optical transceiver 1 and the like according to the processing such as

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 7 denotes a wake determination unit for determining the wake of the aircraft on the runway from the position information of the aircraft detected by the aircraft position detection unit 5, and reference numeral 8 denotes the wake determination unit 7. The azimuth / elevation angle indicator generates an azimuth / elevation angle indicator signal that changes the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver 1 in accordance with the so-called wake information and limits the beam scanning of the optical transceiver 1 to the vicinity of the center of the wake of the aircraft. Department. As shown in FIG. 2, so-called wake information of the wake determination unit 7 is input to the azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit 8, and the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver 1 is changed from the entire observation range to the aircraft in accordance with the wake information. Limited to near the wake center. In the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment, an aircraft detection unit is configured by the optical transceiver 1 and the aircraft position detection unit 5 that detects the position of the aircraft from the data received by the optical transceiver 1, which will be described later. As described above, any means may be used as long as it is a means (for example, a primary surveillance radar) capable of detecting the position information of the aircraft above the runway that has taken off or landed from the runway.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing an observation state of the wake turbulence (take-off side) by the wake turbulence observation device as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the optical transceiver 1 is installed, for example, at a predetermined position of a control tower 9, from which a laser beam 10 of a predetermined specification is transmitted or scanned to an observation range 12 above a runway 11. Optical transceiver 1
The laser beam 10 transmitted or scanned from the laser beam has a diameter of only about 10 mm. For example, by scanning the laser beam 10 in a predetermined elevation direction and repeating the scanning in the azimuth direction, a desired observation range can be obtained. Wake turbulence can be detected. 13 is runway 1
An aircraft that took off from No.1. The wavelength of the laser beam used is preferably, for example, 1.5 μm.
The 1.5 μm band laser beam has less effect on vision (higher safety) than other wavelengths, and for example, 8 mJ
Even if the power is set to the power, it is possible to sufficiently detect the wake turbulence generated at a distance of 5 km. Note that such characteristics also apply to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to each of the following embodiments.

In the observation of the wake turbulence at the airport, it is necessary to detect the wake turbulence on both the take-off side and the landing side of the runway 11, but each observation range is based on the scale of the airport, the surrounding environment, and the like. A predetermined observation range is set for each. For example, FIG. 4 is an observation range explanatory diagram showing the observation ranges of the wake turbulence set on the takeoff side and the landing side of the runway 11. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 14 denotes the wake turbulence set on the takeoff side of the runway 11. Is the observation range of the wake turbulence set on the landing side. As shown in FIG. 4, when setting the observation range, for example, 1 NM (nauti
A unit observation range (the run direction width direction is not shown) with the observation unit being a cal miles angle is set in the longitudinal direction of the predetermined number of runways based on the scale of the airport, the surrounding environment, and the like. In FIG. 4, an observation range having a length of 2 NM is set on the takeoff side, and an observation range having a length of 3 NM is set on the landing side.

Next, the operation of the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to this embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 is a flowchart showing the overall operation of the wake turbulence observation device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 6 to 9 are operation explanatory diagrams for specifically explaining the observation operation of the wake turbulence observation device according to FIG. is there. Since the wake turbulence is observed on the takeoff side and the landing side in the same manner, the operation of the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. .

First, when the aircraft 13 enters the take-off standby state on the runway 11, the azimuth / elevation instruction signal for instructing beam scanning in a wide range created by the azimuth / elevation instruction unit 8 is input to the optical transceiver 1. You. The optical transmitter / receiver 1 uses this azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal to spread the laser
That is, beam scanning is performed over the entire observation range, and the reflected wave is received (S01). This beam scanning may be performed mechanically or may be configured to be performed electronically. In general, beam scanning mechanically has a lower beam scanning speed than electronically scanning, and it takes a relatively long time to scan the same observation range with a beam, but in the wake turbulence observation device according to the present invention, Since the beam scanning time of the optical transceiver 1 can be shortened, the wake turbulence can be observed in a relatively short time by either method.

The received data received by the optical transceiver 1 is input to a wind direction / wind speed detecting section 2 and an aircraft position detecting section 5, respectively. Here, the wind direction / wind speed detection unit 2 does not detect the so-called wind direction / wind speed information, and the aircraft position detection unit 5
Thus, the detection of the aircraft 13 is performed (S02). For example, the reflected wave from the aircraft 13 has a higher received intensity than the reflected wave from dust or the like in the air, so that the reflected wave having a received intensity equal to or higher than a predetermined value may be detected as the reflected wave from the aircraft 13. The aircraft position detector 5 includes a beam controller 6
The azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal is input from this device, and from this azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal, it can be confirmed from which position on the runway 11 the reflected wave is. Thus, the position of the aircraft 13 above the runway 11 can be detected. If the aircraft 13 is not detected, the aircraft 1
Since it is considered that 3 is still waiting on the runway 11, the beam scanning over the entire observation range by the optical transceiver 1 is repeated until another instruction to stop observation is given.

When the aircraft 13 is detected by the aircraft position detector 5, the position information is input to the wake determiner 7 of the beam controller 6, where the wake determination of the aircraft 13 over the runway 11 is performed. (S0
3). Specifically, the wake 1 at a predetermined time as shown in FIG.
The determination process is performed on the track center 17 connecting the track 6 with the track. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of wake information schematically showing so-called wake information of the aircraft 13 determined by the wake determining unit 7, and FIG. 6 (a) is an explanatory view of wake information viewed from above the runway 9. FIG. 6B is an explanatory view of wake information viewed from the side of the runway 9. As described above, the takeoff route or the landing route of each aircraft can be accurately grasped by the wake determination of the wake determination unit 7. The wake information determined by the wake determination unit 7 is input to the azimuth / elevation angle instruction unit 8.

When the wake information of the wake determination unit 7 is input, the azimuth / elevation instructing unit 8 generates an azimuth / elevation angle instructing signal for instructing a beam scanning range according to the wake information. The beam scanning range of the optical transceiver 1 is changed by the signal (S04). Specifically, the optical transceiver 1
An azimuth / elevation instruction signal is generated such that the beam scanning is limited to the vicinity of the wake center 17, and the azimuth / elevation instruction signal is output to the optical transceiver 1. When the beam scanning range according to the wake information of the wake determination unit 7 is instructed from the azimuth / elevation instructing unit 8, the optical transceiver 1 changes the initial beam scanning range to the beam scanning range according to the wake information of the wake determination unit 7. After that, the beam scanning is repeatedly performed in the beam scanning range according to the wake information, and the reflected wave is received.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a beam scanning range schematically showing an example of a beam scanning range set according to the wake information of the wake determination unit 7. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 14 denotes an initial beam scanning range, and reference numeral 18 denotes a beam scanning range changed according to the wake information of the wake determination unit 7. As described above, the takeoff route or landing route of the aircraft is slightly different for each aircraft, and when the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver 1 is arbitrarily limited, the laser beam 10 transmitted from the optical transceiver 1 Although it is difficult to perform accurate detection of the wake turbulence due to the deviation from the position where the wake turbulence occurs, the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment uses the actual wake information of the aircraft 13 as described above. Thus, the beam scanning range is limited, so that the laser beam 10 transmitted from the optical transceiver 1 can be accurately transmitted and beam-scanned in an area including the wake turbulence.

The reception data received by the beam scanning in accordance with the wake information of the wake determination unit 7 is input to the wind direction / wind speed detection unit 3, from which the Doppler shift amount, that is, the wind direction and wind speed value of the atmosphere are detected. (S0
5). As described above, in the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment, the Doppler shift amount, that is, the wind direction and wind speed value of the atmosphere are obtained from the reception data received by the beam scanning in the beam scanning range 18 according to the wake information of the wake determination unit 7. Is detected, so that the amount of received data detected and processed by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit 3 can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where the Doppler shift amount is detected from received data received by wide-area beam scanning. .

The wind direction and wind speed value detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit 3 are the wind direction and wind speed value for each beam scan, and the wind direction and wind speed value for each beam scan are input to the synthesis processing unit 4, respectively. Here, it is synthesized and edited with the wind direction and wind speed information as shown in FIG. 8 (S06). FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of wind direction and wind speed information showing an example of wind direction and wind speed information synthesized and edited by the synthesis processing unit 4. In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis is the azimuth direction, and the vertical axis is the elevation angle direction, and indicates two-dimensional wind direction and wind speed information using the elevation angle and the azimuth direction as coordinate axes. As shown in FIG. 8, in the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain the wind direction and the wind speed information including the wake turbulence information 20 by minimizing the part that is finally deleted as the background wind 19.

Further, the synthesis processing unit 4 further extracts the rear turbulence information 20 from the wind direction and wind speed information as shown in FIG. 8 (S07). Specifically, the sign of the wind direction and the wind speed value are detected from the wind direction and the wind speed information as shown in FIG. 8, and the portion where the atmosphere is spirally changed from the sign of the wind direction and the wind speed value as the rear turbulence information. Extract. In FIG. 8, the (−) sign indicates the direction of the wind in the right direction, the (+) sign indicates the direction of the wind in the left direction, and the numerical values indicate the wind speed values. The turbulence information 20 shown in FIG. It can be seen that two vortices as shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is an image of the wake turbulence information 20 shown in FIG. 8. For example, such a two-dimensional vortex state is displayed on a monitor or the like as wake turbulence on a display unit. Such wake turbulence information 20 is synthesized and edited for each distance, and output to the display processing unit 4.

In the display processing section 4, the wake turbulence information 20 extracted by the synthesis processing section 3 is converted into a display signal to be displayed on a display such as a CRT and displayed on the display (S08). The wake turbulence information 20 displayed on the display unit may be two-dimensional as shown in FIG. 9 or three-dimensionally displaying a plurality of vortices synthesized and edited for each distance. The wake turbulence generated by the takeoff and landing of the aircraft is normally a pair of left and right vortices, and a pair of left and right vortices are displayed on the display unit.

As described above, according to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the wake determination of the aircraft 13 above the runway 11 is performed from the position information of the aircraft 13 and the optical transceiver 1 is determined in accordance with the wake information. Can be set to a narrow range centered on the wake center 17, so that the wake turbulence can be detected accurately, but the beam scanning time of the optical transceiver 1 is greatly reduced. Can be shortened. Also, since the received data received by the optical transceiver 1 is greatly reduced, for example, the wind direction and the wind speed information of the portion that is finally deleted as the background wind 19 can be reduced, and the efficient wake turbulence can be reduced. Detection can be performed.

In the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the above-described embodiment, one optical transceiver 1 is used as a sensor for detecting wake turbulence as shown in FIG. 1, but a laser beam is mechanically scanned. In this case, as described above, the beam scanning itself takes a longer time than the calculation processing time. Therefore, two or more optical transceivers 1 may be installed to further narrow the beam scanning range of each optical transceiver 1. . in this way,
By further dividing the beam scanning range set in accordance with the wake information by the plurality of optical transceivers 1, the beam scanning time of the optical transceiver 1 can be further reduced, and more efficient detection of wake turbulence. It can be carried out.

Embodiment 2 FIG. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the wake turbulence observation device according to the above embodiment, the azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit 8 creates the azimuth / elevation angle instructing signal in accordance with the wake information of the wake determining unit 7.
The wake center 17 of the aircraft 13 as shown in FIGS.
That is, the takeoff path or landing path of the aircraft can be divided into several patterns. The wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment stores a plurality of beam scanning ranges according to the takeoff route or the landing route of the aircraft in the storage unit in advance, and determines the beam scanning range according to the wake information of the wake determination unit 7. The data is read from the storage unit and instructed to the optical transceiver 1.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the beam control unit of the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 21 denotes a storage unit in which a beam scanning range corresponding to a takeoff route or a landing route of an aircraft is stored in advance,
b denotes an azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit that outputs to the optical transceiver 1 an azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal for instructing the beam scanning range read from the storage unit 21 in accordance with the wake information of the wake determination unit 7; The same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Bearing
When the wake information of the wake determination unit 7 is input, the elevation angle instruction unit 8b selects the beam scanning range of the takeoff route or the landing route closest to the wake center 17 from the storage unit 21 and outputs the corresponding azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal. Output to the optical transceiver 1.

According to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the wake information of the aircraft, that is, a plurality of beam scanning ranges corresponding to the takeoff route or the landing route of the aircraft is stored in the storage unit 2 in advance.
1 and outputs an azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal corresponding to the beam scanning range read out from the storage unit 21 to the optical transceiver 1 so as to control the beam scanning of the optical transceiver 1. It is not necessary to generate an azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal every time the wake information of the wake determination unit 7 is input, and the wake turbulence can be detected more efficiently.

Embodiment 3 Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Although the wake turbulence observation device according to the above-described embodiment obtains the position information of the aircraft from the reception data received by the optical transceiver 1, various types of monitoring the position of the aircraft are usually provided at the airport. An airport surveillance radar is provided, and a beam scanning range instructed to the optical transceiver 1 may be set based on the position information of the aircraft detected by the airport surveillance radar. The wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment is provided by an Airport Surveylan.
The beam scanning range instructed to the optical transceiver 1 is set based on the position information from the primary monitoring radar called ce Radar (ASR). For example, to monitor aircraft entry and departures in the airspace around the airport,

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the beam control unit shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 22 denotes a primary surveillance radar for monitoring the entry and departure of an aircraft in the airspace around the airport. As shown in FIG. 11, the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment does not include an aircraft position detection unit that detects the position of the aircraft from the data received by the optical transceiver 1, and the beam control unit 6c uses the primary Surveillance radar 2
The beam scanning range instructed to the optical transceiver 1 is set based on the position information from the optical transceiver 2. In FIG. 12,
A coordinate conversion unit 23 converts the position information of the aircraft obtained by the primary surveillance radar 22 into wake information based on the installation position of the optical transceiver 1. The azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit 8
“c” creates an azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal to be output to the optical transceiver 1 in accordance with the wake information converted by the coordinate conversion unit 23. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

As described above, according to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the beam of the laser beam 11 instructing the optical transceiver 1 based on the position information of the aircraft 13 obtained by the primary monitoring radar 22 Since the scanning range can be set, there is no need to perform the beam scanning of the optical transceiver 1 for the detection of the aircraft, and the wake turbulence can be detected more efficiently.

In the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment, as in the wake turbulence observation device according to the above embodiment, a plurality of beam scanning ranges corresponding to the takeoff route or the landing route of the aircraft are previously stored in the storage unit. The azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal corresponding to the beam scanning range read from the storage unit is output to the optical transceiver 1 to store the signal.
May be configured to control the beam scanning. Also,
A plurality of optical transceivers 1 may be used as detection sensors.

Embodiment 4 FIG. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. As described above, the airport is equipped with various airport monitoring radars for monitoring the position of the aircraft, and these can be used to detect the wake turbulence more efficiently. The wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment is an Airport Surface De.
A beam scanning range for instructing the optical transceiver 1 based on a video signal received from an airport surface detection radar, called a "Touchion Equipment (ASDE)", is set. Generally, the magnitude of the wake turbulence generated by the takeoff and landing of an aircraft is proportional to the size of the aircraft, and an optimum beam scanning range can be set based on a video signal received from an airport surface detection radar. .

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the beam control unit shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, reference numeral 24 denotes an airport surface detection radar for detecting an aircraft, a vehicle, and the like in the airport surface. As shown in FIG. 13, in the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment, the position information from the aircraft position detection unit 5 and the received video signal received by the airport surface detection radar 24 are input to the beam control unit 6d, respectively. I have.
In FIG. 14, reference numeral 25 denotes an airframe judging unit for judging the spread of the received video from the received video signal from the airport surface detecting radar 24 and creating, for example, large, medium, and small airframe information. The section 8d creates an azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal to be output to the optical transceiver 1 according to the wake information of the wake determination section 7 and the body information of the body determination section 23. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

FIG. 15 is a beam scanning range explanatory diagram showing an example of a beam scanning range set according to the machine information determined by the machine determining section 23. For example, when the body information is small, the beam scanning range shown in FIG. 15A is instructed to the optical transceiver 1, and when the body information is large, the beam scanning range shown in FIG. An instruction is given to the optical transceiver 1 (illustration is omitted when the body information is medium).

As described above, according to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the size of the aircraft is further determined by the fuselage determining unit 25, and the beam scanning range 18a or 18b corresponding to the size of the aircraft is changed to the light. Since the transmission / reception is instructed to the transmitter / receiver 1, the first embodiment. The wake turbulence can be detected more efficiently and accurately as compared with the wake turbulence observing device according to the present invention. The aircraft determination unit 23 of the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment
4 to determine the spread of the received video from the received video signal, to create, for example, three types of aircraft information of large, medium, and small, but the computational capability of the wake turbulence observation device, the type of aircraft at each airport What is necessary is just to create the necessary number of body information according to the above and to instruct the azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit 8d.

In the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, for example, the second embodiment is also applicable. Azimuth / elevation angle indicating signals indicating a plurality of beam scanning ranges according to the airframe information are stored in advance in the storage unit, as in the wake turbulence observation device according to The corresponding azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal may be read from the storage unit and instructed to the optical transceiver 1. Further, a plurality of optical transceivers 1 may be used as a sensor for detection.

Embodiment 5 FIG. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Embodiment 4 above. The wake turbulence observation device according to the first embodiment obtains the position information of the aircraft from the reception data received by the optical transceiver 1. The primary surveillance radar may be used to detect the position of the aircraft in place of the aircraft position detector 5 in the same manner as in the wake turbulence observation device described above. The wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment uses the primary monitoring radar and the airport surface detection radar to instruct the optical transceiver 1 of an optimal beam scanning range.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of the beam control unit shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 17, in the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit 8 e determines the position information from the primary monitoring radar 22 whose coordinates have been transformed by the coordinate transforming unit 23 and the aircraft judging unit 25. The beam scanning range to be instructed to the optical transceiver 1 is set based on the aircraft information corresponding to the received video signal of the airport surface detection radar 24. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

As described above, according to the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment, for example, the position information and the aircraft information of the aircraft on the runway are obtained by the existing airport surveillance radar installed in the airport. Since the beam scanning range set on the basis of the position information and the body information is instructed to the optical transceiver 1, it is not necessary to perform a wide beam scanning by the optical transceiver 1 for the purpose of detecting the aircraft, further improving the efficiency. Wake turbulence can be detected.

In the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, for example, in the second embodiment. The azimuth / elevation angle instructing signal for instructing a plurality of beam scanning ranges corresponding to the wake information and the airframe information is stored in advance in the storage unit, as in the wake turbulence observation device according to An azimuth / elevation angle instruction signal corresponding to the determination result or the like may be read from the storage unit and instructed to the optical transceiver 1, and the same effect can be obtained. Further, a plurality of optical transceivers 1 may be used as a sensor for detection.

Embodiment 6 FIG. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Each of the wake turbulence observation devices according to the above embodiments detects the position of the aircraft and limits the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver 1 to the minimum beam scanning range based on the position information. However, the actual wake turbulence generated above the runway may be slightly different depending on the surrounding environment at the time even if the wake turbulence is of the same type. Therefore, it is also effective to limit the beam scanning range based on the position information of the aircraft, but setting the beam scanning range based on the actually generated wake turbulence more accurately sets the beam scanning range. It can be performed. The wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment sets a beam scanning range instructed to the optical transceiver 1 based on actually detected wake turbulence information.

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing the overall structure of a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 18, reference numeral 26 denotes a vortex for extracting wake turbulence information from wind direction and wind speed information as shown in FIG. 20, for example, obtained by wide-area beam scanning, and detecting the wake turbulence generation position and its center position from the wake turbulence information. It is a position detection unit. The beam control unit 6f includes a vortex position detection unit 26.
Instruct the optical transceiver 1 on the beam scanning range according to the position information of the wake turbulence detected by the above. In the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

As described above, according to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver 1 is specified according to the position information of the actually generated wake turbulence. Wake turbulence can be detected more accurately than when the beam scanning range is set based on the Since it takes time for the wake turbulence generated above the runway to disappear, even if beam scanning over a wide area and detection processing of the wake turbulence in the synthesis processing unit 3 are performed at the beginning of the observation, the position where the wake turbulence occurs, etc. After the detection, by performing the beam scanning with the beam scanning range limited, it is possible to efficiently detect the wake turbulence.

In the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, for example, as described in the second embodiment. The azimuth / elevation angle instructing signal for instructing a plurality of beam scanning ranges in accordance with the position where the wake turbulence is generated is stored in advance in the storage unit as in the wake turbulence observation device according to The beam scanning range may be read from the storage unit and instructed to the optical transceiver 1. Further, a plurality of optical transceivers 1 may be used as a sensor for detection.

Embodiment 7 FIG. Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment is different from the wake turbulence observation device according to the above embodiment in that a beam scanning range is further set in accordance with airframe information. FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the wake turbulence observation device according to the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 19, in the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the vortex position detection unit 2 is provided to the beam control unit 6g.
6 and the received video signal received by the airport surface detecting radar 24 are input. The beam controller 6g sets a beam scanning range instructing the optical transceiver 1 based on the position information of the vortex position detector 26 and the video signal received by the airport surface detecting radar 24.

As described above, according to the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to this embodiment, the actual wake turbulence generation position detected by the vortex position detection unit 26 and the airframe determination unit 25 are determined.
Since the beam scanning range corresponding to the size of the aircraft determined in the above is instructed to the optical transceiver 1, it is possible to more efficiently and accurately detect the wake turbulence.

In the wake turbulence observation apparatus according to the present embodiment, for example, the second embodiment can be used. The azimuth / elevation angle indicating signal indicating a plurality of beam scanning ranges according to the position of the wake turbulence and the body information is previously stored in the storage unit as in the wake turbulence observation device according to Alternatively, an azimuth / elevation instruction signal according to the determination result of the airframe determination unit 25 or the like may be read from the storage unit and instructed to the optical transceiver 1, and the same effect can be obtained. Further, a plurality of optical transceivers 1 may be used as a sensor for detection.

[0053]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a wake turbulence observation device for observing wake turbulence caused by takeoff and landing of an aircraft, a laser beam is scanned and a reflected wave is received. An optical transceiver, and an aircraft position detection unit that detects the position of the aircraft from reflected waves of the aircraft over the runway received by the optical transceiver,
A track determining unit that determines the track of the aircraft from the position information of the aircraft position detecting unit, and a direction and a direction that limits the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the track of the aircraft according to the track information of the track determining unit. An elevation angle instructing section and a wake turbulence detecting section for detecting the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the wake designated by the azimuth / elevation angle instructing section are provided, so that a beam scanning range according to the position information of the aircraft is provided. While being instructed to the optical transceiver, the beam scanning time of the optical transceiver can be greatly reduced, while the laser beam transmitted by the optical transceiver can be accurately scanned in the region including the wake turbulence, thereby improving the efficiency. In addition, accurate wake turbulence can be observed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observation device for observing a wake turbulence generated during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, comprising: an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam and receiving a reflected wave thereof; An airport surveillance radar that monitors the intrusion or departure of an aircraft in the airspace around the airport, and coordinates the position information of the aircraft over the runway detected by the airport surveillance radar into wake information based on the installation position of the optical transceiver. A coordinate conversion unit to be converted, an azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit that limits the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the wake of the aircraft according to the wake information of the coordinate conversion unit, and an azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit. A wake turbulence detection unit that detects the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the wake is also provided. There is no need to perform such detection processing of the aircraft based on the beam scanning, more efficient, and can be performed to observe the correct wake turbulence.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in a wake turbulence observation device for observing a wake turbulence generated during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, a laser beam is scanned over the runway and a reflected wave is received. An optical transceiver, a plurality of beam scanning patterns are stored in advance, a beam control unit that instructs a beam scanning pattern according to the position information of the aircraft, and a beam scanning of the beam scanning pattern instructed by the beam control unit Since the wake turbulence detector for detecting the wake turbulence is provided, the beam scanning time of the optical transceiver can be greatly reduced, while the laser beam transmitted by the optical transceiver can be accurately transmitted to the region including the wake turbulence. Scanning can be performed, and efficient and accurate observation of wake turbulence can be performed.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in the wake turbulence observation device for observing the wake turbulence generated due to takeoff and landing of an aircraft, a plurality of beam scanning patterns are stored in advance, and the aircraft surface detection radar is used for the aircraft. A beam control unit for instructing a beam scanning pattern according to information, an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam on the beam scanning pattern instructed by the beam control unit and receiving a reflected wave thereof, and A wind direction / wind speed detection unit for detecting wind direction and wind speed information on the runway from the received reflected wave, and a wake turbulence detection unit for detecting the wake turbulence from the wind direction / wind speed information detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit. The beam scanning range according to the aircraft position information above the runway and the aircraft information of the aircraft The beam scanning time of the optical transceiver can be greatly shortened, while the laser beam transmitted by the optical transceiver can be more accurately scanned in the region including the wake turbulence, which is efficient and accurate. Wake turbulence can be observed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wake turbulence observing device for observing a wake turbulence generated during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, comprising: an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam and receiving a reflected wave thereof; A wind direction / wind speed detection unit for detecting wind direction / wind speed information above the runway from the reflected waves received by the optical transceiver, and a position where the rear turbulence is generated based on the wind direction / wind speed information detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit. A vortex position detection unit for detecting the vortex position, a beam control unit for limiting the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the position where the wake turbulence occurs according to the position information of the vortex position detection unit, and an instruction by the beam control unit And a wake turbulence detecting unit for detecting the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the generated turbulence. The range is instructed to the optical transceiver, and the beam scanning time of the optical transceiver can be significantly reduced, while the laser beam transmitted by the optical transceiver can be more accurately beam-scanned in the region including the wake turbulence, Efficient and accurate observation of wake turbulence can be performed.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the optical transceivers are installed, and the plurality of optical transceivers scan the beam within the beam scanning range. Beam scanning time can be greatly reduced, and efficient and accurate observation of wake turbulence can be performed.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the laser beam has a wavelength in the 1.5 MM band, wake turbulence generated in a distant place can be detected, while safety in the surrounding environment is sufficiently ensured. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of a beam control unit 6 shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the observation situation schematically showing the observation situation of the wake turbulence generated above the runway.

FIG. 4 is an observation range explanatory diagram showing an example of an observation range of wake turbulence set on a takeoff side or a landing side of a runway.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an overall observation operation of the wake turbulence observation device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a track information explanatory diagram for explaining track information of the aircraft determined by the track determination unit 7 shown in FIG. 1;

7 is an explanatory diagram of a beam scanning range showing a beam scanning range set according to the wake information of the wake determining unit 7 shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of wind direction and wind speed information indicating wind direction and wind speed information detected from received data received by beam scanning in the beam scanning range as shown in FIG. 7;

9 is an explanatory diagram of wake turbulence obtained by imaging the wake turbulence information 20 shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a partial block diagram illustrating a specific configuration of a beam control unit of a wake turbulence observation device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a partial block diagram illustrating a specific configuration of a beam control unit illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of a beam control unit shown in FIG.

15 is an explanatory diagram of a beam scanning range for explaining a beam scanning range set according to the machine information of the machine determining unit illustrated in FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a specific configuration of a beam control unit shown in FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a wake turbulence observation apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of wind direction and wind speed information indicating wind direction and wind speed information detected by a conventional wake turbulence observation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 optical transceiver, 2 wind direction / wind speed detection unit, 3 synthesis processing unit, 4 display processing unit, 5 aircraft position detection unit, 6 beam control unit, 7 wake determination unit, 8 azimuth / elevation angle indication unit, 1
0 laser beam, 11 runway, 12 wake turbulence observation range, 13 aircraft, 14 takeoff side observation range, 15
Landing side observation area, 16 tracks, 17 tracks center, 18
Beam scanning range according to wake information, 20 wake turbulence information, 21 storage unit, 22 primary monitoring radar, 23 coordinate conversion unit, 24 airport surface detection radar, 25 aircraft determination unit,
26 vortex position detector.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5H180 AA26 CC03 CC12 CC14 CC15 EE14 5J084 AA03 AA07 AA09 AA10 AB03 AB12 AD03 AD04 BA03 BA20 BA41 BA45 BA50 CA31 CA34 CA70 CA71 CA76 EA05 EA23 EA40

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A wake turbulence observation device for observing wake turbulence generated during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, comprising: an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam to receive a reflected wave; and an on-runway received by the optical transceiver. An aircraft position detection unit that detects the position of the aircraft from reflected waves of the aircraft in the sky, a wake determination unit that determines the wake of the aircraft from the position information of the aircraft position detection unit, and a wake determination unit that determines the wake of the aircraft. An azimuth / elevation angle instructing unit for limiting the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the wake of the aircraft, and detecting the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the wake instructed by the azimuth / elevation instructing unit. A wake turbulence observation device comprising a turbulence detection unit. 2. A wake turbulence observation device for observing wake turbulence generated during take-off and landing of an aircraft, an optical transceiver that scans a laser beam and receives a reflected wave thereof, and an aircraft entering or leaving airspace around the airport. An airport surveillance radar that monitors the position of the aircraft on the runway detected by the airport surveillance radar; and a coordinate conversion unit that performs coordinate conversion to wake information based on the installation position of the optical transceiver. An azimuth / elevation indicator that limits the beam scanning range of the optical transceiver to the vicinity of the wake of the aircraft in accordance with the wake information of the section; and the beam scanning around the wake specified by the azimuth / elevation indicator. A wake turbulence observation device comprising: a wake turbulence detection unit that detects turbulence. 3. A wake turbulence observation device for observing wake turbulence generated during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, comprising: an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam over a runway and receiving a reflected wave thereof; The pattern is memorized,
A beam control unit that instructs a beam scanning pattern according to the position information of the aircraft; and a wake turbulence detection unit that detects the wake turbulence by beam scanning of the beam scanning pattern instructed by the beam control unit. A wake turbulence observation device, characterized in that: 4. A wake turbulence observation device for observing wake turbulence generated during take-off and landing of an aircraft, in which a plurality of beam scan patterns are stored in advance, and a beam scan pattern corresponding to aircraft information by an airport surface detection radar is specified. A beam control unit, an optical transceiver that scans the laser beam on the beam scanning pattern instructed by the beam control unit and receives the reflected wave, and a wind direction on the runway from the reflected wave received by the optical transceiver. And a wake turbulence detecting unit for detecting the wake turbulence from the wind direction / wind speed information detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit. Observation equipment. 5. A wake turbulence observation device for observing wake turbulence generated during takeoff and landing of an aircraft, an optical transceiver for scanning a laser beam and receiving a reflected wave thereof, and a reflected wave received by the optical transceiver. A wind direction / wind speed detection unit for detecting wind direction and wind speed information over the runway from
A vortex position detection unit that detects the position of the wake turbulence from the wind direction / wind speed information detected by the wind direction / wind speed detection unit; and a beam scanning range of the optical transceiver according to the position information of the vortex position detection unit. A beam control unit for limiting the vicinity of the generation position of the wake turbulence, and a wake turbulence detection unit for detecting the wake turbulence by beam scanning around the generation position indicated by the beam control unit. Wake turbulence observation device. 6. The rear part according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said optical transceivers are provided, and said plurality of optical transceivers perform beam scanning within said beam scanning range. Turbulence observation device. 7. The wake turbulence observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the laser beam has a wavelength in a 1.5 μm band.