JP5511196B2 - Back turbulence detector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wake turbulence detector that detects wake turbulence generated behind a flying aircraft by transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves to and from the atmosphere and displays information about the detected wake turbulence.

  A radar device is known as a device for measuring the position of an object existing at a remote point. The radar apparatus radiates waves such as electromagnetic waves and sound waves to the space, receives the waves reflected by the target object, and analyzes the signal to measure the distance and angle from the radar apparatus to the object.

  Among radar devices, a meteorological radar device that targets minute liquid or solid particles (aerosol) floating in the atmosphere and can know the velocity of the aerosol, that is, the velocity of the wind, from the amount of phase rotation of the reflected wave It has been known.

  Laser radar devices that use light as electromagnetic waves, among other weather radar devices, have a very small beam spread and can observe objects with high angular resolution, and are used as wind direction and wind velocity radar devices (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

  About 60% of aviation accidents involving human damage caused by large aircraft in the past in Japan are caused by turbulence. In addition, the danger of turbulence is regarded as critical, such as the occurrence of a crash in New York, where turbulence is considered to be a cause of the accident.

  These turbulences are referred to as wake turbulences. These wake turbulences are two sets of vortex turbulences generated at the rear of the aircraft around the wing tips of the aircraft as the aircraft flies, as shown in FIG. In order to prevent accidents as described above, the air traffic control authorities take measures such as leaving a certain time interval for takeoff and landing, but the quantitative value of the time interval is not clear. For this reason, it is important to capture the wake turbulence appropriately in taking off and landing of an aircraft in order to improve the efficiency of the flight plan and to ensure the safety of the following aircraft. In order to solve this problem, in recent years, there is an example in which the wake turbulence of an aircraft is observed using the above-described technology for observing wind direction and wind speed by a laser radar device (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).

  As an example, FIG. 9 shows an observation state of the laser radar device 10 in the observation environment of FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the conventional laser radar device 10 has a cross section (hereinafter referred to as a space) perpendicular to the flight direction (traveling direction) of the aircraft in the atmosphere when the laser radar device 10 is directed to the side of the aircraft. (Referred to as a cross section), and the position and intensity of wake turbulence generated by the passage of the aircraft is detected based on the observation result. Further, the beam of the laser radar apparatus 10 having a constant distance resolution and a cross range resolution (angular resolution) is scanned within the beam scanning range, and is processed for each processing unit (unit consisting of a predetermined distance resolution and a predetermined angular resolution). The wind speed in the sight line direction can be obtained.

  FIG. 10 shows a simulation diagram when wake turbulence is observed by the laser radar device 10. FIG. 10 shows the backward turbulence in the spatial section of the observation region. As shown in FIG. 10, when the head wind is positive with respect to the laser radar device 10, a small wind and a large wind are observed on the vortex with respect to the uniformly existing background wind. .

  This observation simulation diagram is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11 (1), when an aircraft flies near the ground and the elevation angle of the laser radar device 10 is low, a distribution map of Doppler wind speed is created from the observation results of the laser radar device 10. As for the wake turbulence generated sometimes, the wake turbulence with a positive and negative matrix structure is observed with reference to the background wind.

  When a plot of wind speed and altitude is created on the equi-range bin, a wind speed plot for each distance resolution (equal range bin) having a maximum value and a minimum value can be created as shown in FIG. Thus, conventionally, the wake turbulence uses a result having a positive and negative matrix structure, and is a template constructed with a positive and negative matrix from a distribution map of Doppler wind speed obtained in turbulence observation by the laser radar device 10. Detection of wake turbulence vortices has been performed by template matching processing using the method (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-1727779 A

Shoichiro Fukao, Kyosuke Hamatsu, “Radar Remote Sensing of Weather and Atmosphere”, Kyoto University Academic Press, March 30, 2005 Kenfumi Komatsubara, Nobuyuki Kurai, “Observation of wake turbulence from departure aircraft”, Electronic Navigation Research Institute Research Presentation, 5th, June 2005

  However, the prior art has the following problems. That is, when the flight altitude of the aircraft is high, it is necessary to increase the elevation angle of the laser radar device 10 in order to observe the backward turbulence. The distribution map of the Doppler wind speed obtained at this time is as shown in FIG. Unlike the case of FIG. 11 where the elevation angle is low, the vortex tends to cross the range in the case of FIG. 12 where the elevation angle is high. In the case where there is nothing, a conventional matrix template composed of positive and negative is used. When both vortices are observed in the range across the range, the wind speed of both vortices is observed with the laser beam passing between the vortices due to the limitation of the distance resolution of the laser radar device 10, which is remarkable. However, the vortex area that protrudes from the range is smaller than the range, so the background wind speed in the area is more dominant, and the data obtained is the vortex wind speed. Instead, a background value is obtained. For this reason, the vortex cannot be detected by the conventional template matching using a matrix template composed of positive and negative.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and since the flight altitude of the aircraft is high, the wake turbulence can detect the wake turbulence even when observing in a situation where the elevation angle is high. The object is to obtain a detection device.

The wake turbulence detection device according to the present invention emits an electromagnetic wave into the atmosphere in a direction perpendicular to the flight direction of the aircraft within a predetermined elevation angle, and then receives the reflected wave from the atmosphere as a signal of one spatial section. A signal processing unit that calculates a Doppler wind speed distribution in a spatial section based on a reception signal from the transmission / reception unit, the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit, and calculates a position of wake turbulence in the spatial section from the calculated Doppler wind speed distribution, and the signal processing unit A display unit that displays the position of wake turbulence in the spatial cross section calculated by the above, and the signal processing unit is a processing unit having a predetermined distance resolution and a predetermined angle resolution based on a received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving unit A wind speed value is calculated every time, and a Doppler wind speed distribution calculating section for calculating a Doppler wind speed distribution in a spatial section from the results, and the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving section Using the template in accordance with the elevation angle of the beam et fired, said by performing template matching in Doppler velocity distribution calculated by the Doppler velocity distribution calculating section, and a detection processing unit for detecting a wake turbulence, the template A turbulence position calculation unit that calculates a position of wake turbulence in the spatial section from a predetermined position of the spatial section where the correlation value of the matching process is a predetermined value, and the template has an elevation angle that is equal to or less than a predetermined angle If it is low, a matrix template having a positive and negative matrix structure is used. If the elevation angle is higher than the predetermined angle, the matrix template has a positive and zero matrix structure and the matrix template is adapted to the elevation angle. Tilt matrix template with a fixed amount of tilt, positive and negative matrix structure and the matrix The template is to use at least one of a predetermined amount tilted inclined matrix template in accordance with the elevation angle.

  According to the backward turbulence detection device according to the present invention, since the flight altitude of the aircraft is high, the backward turbulence can be detected even when the elevation angle is high.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the detection process part of the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the detection process part of the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows a mode that a template is changed according to the elevation angle of the light pulse (beam) emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception part of the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the matrix type template example with the positive and negative matrix structure used by the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of an inclination matrix type | mold template which has the matrix structure of positive and zero (0) used by the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, and has a predetermined | prescribed inclination. It is a figure which shows the example of a cross correlation type template used by the back turbulence detection apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the wake turbulence which an aircraft generate | occur | produces, and the laser radar apparatus which observes it. It is a figure which shows the example of observation of a wake turbulence using a laser radar apparatus. It is a figure which shows the concept of the wake turbulence in the space cross section of an observation area | region. It is a figure which shows the example of an observation of back turbulence in case an elevation angle is low using a laser radar apparatus. It is a figure which shows the example of an observation of the back turbulence in case an elevation angle is high using a laser radar apparatus.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a backward turbulence detection device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
A backward turbulence detector according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The wake turbulence detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention detects wake turbulence using a Doppler wind speed distribution model. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a wake turbulence detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol shows the same or equivalent part.

  In FIG. 1, the wake turbulence detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention detects wake turbulence generated behind a flying aircraft by transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves to the atmosphere, and displays information on the detected wake turbulence. An electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1 that emits an electromagnetic wave into the atmosphere in a direction perpendicular to the flight direction of the aircraft within a predetermined elevation angle and then receives a reflected wave from the atmosphere as a signal of one spatial section, and the electromagnetic wave Based on the received signal from the transmission / reception unit 1, the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section is calculated, and the signal processing unit 2 that calculates the position of the wake turbulence in the spatial section from the calculated Doppler wind speed distribution, is calculated by the signal processing unit 2. And a display unit 3 for displaying the position of the wake turbulence in the spatial section.

  Further, the signal processing unit 2 calculates a wind speed value for each processing unit having a predetermined distance resolution and a predetermined angle resolution based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1, and the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section is obtained from these results. A cross-correlation process is performed between the Doppler wind speed distribution calculating unit 21 for calculating the Doppler wind speed distribution calculated by the Doppler wind speed distribution calculated by the Doppler wind speed distribution calculating unit 21 and a parameter for simulating the backward turbulence. Thus, a detection processing unit 22 that detects wake turbulence, a turbulence position calculation unit 23 that calculates the position of wake turbulence in the spatial section from a predetermined position in the spatial section where the correlation value of the cross-correlation processing is a predetermined value, Is provided.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a detection processing unit of the backward turbulence detection device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, the detection processing unit 22 calculates a Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation unit 101 including a wake turbulence model using parameters relating to an aircraft for simulating wake turbulence, and the Doppler wind speed distribution. A cross-correlation processing unit 102 that obtains a correlation value by a cross-correlation process between the Doppler wind speed distribution model calculated by the model calculation unit 101 and the Doppler wind speed distribution calculation unit 21 and a cross-correlation processing unit 102 The correlation value comparison unit 103 that detects the wake turbulence in the spatial section by comparing the highest correlation value with the predetermined threshold value among the obtained correlation values, and if the highest correlation value does not exceed the threshold value, the parameter is A parameter output unit 104 is provided for changing and outputting to the Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation unit 101. It is.

  Next, the operation of the wake turbulence detector according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1 emits a light pulse, which is an electromagnetic wave, into the atmosphere in a direction perpendicular to the flight direction (traveling direction) of the aircraft within a predetermined elevation angle range. Then, the reflected light from the atmosphere is received, and the received reflected light is sent to the signal processing unit 2 as a reception signal of one spatial section. The reflected light received by the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving unit 1 has a Doppler effect according to the wind speed at the reflection position of the reflected light, as shown in FIG.

  Next, the signal processing unit 2 calculates the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1, and calculates the position of the wake turbulence in the spatial section from the calculated Doppler wind speed distribution. Detailed processing of the signal processing unit 2 will be described below.

  The Doppler wind speed distribution calculation unit 21 in the signal processing unit 2 calculates a wind speed value for each processing unit having a predetermined distance resolution and a predetermined angle resolution based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1. From these results, the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section is calculated.

  Thereafter, the detection processing unit 22 in the signal processing unit 2 detects the backward turbulence by performing a cross-correlation process between the Doppler wind speed distribution obtained by the observation and the Doppler wind speed distribution model calculated by the parameters. Detailed processing of the detection processing unit 22 will be described below.

  The Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation unit 101 in the detection processing unit 22 receives, from the parameter output unit 104, the type of aircraft to be observed (wing width), the altitude and speed of the aircraft passing in front of the wake turbulence detector, the atmosphere A parameter such as density is acquired, a model value is obtained for each processing unit using this parameter, and a Doppler wind speed distribution model including a vortex model (a wake turbulence model) is calculated. The width of the aircraft wing gives the size of the wake turbulence vortex, and the altitude of the aircraft is a reference value for the location (altitude) where the vortex is expected to occur. Aircraft speed and atmospheric density can be used to calculate vortex strength. Other parameters than the above may be used as long as the Doppler wind speed distribution model can be created.

  Next, the cross-correlation processing unit 102 in the detection processing unit 22 performs cross-correlation processing between the calculated Doppler wind speed distribution model and the Doppler wind speed distribution obtained by observation. At this time, cross-correlation processing is performed for each processing unit, a correlation coefficient (correlation value) is obtained for each processing unit of distribution, and the result is sent to the correlation value comparison unit 103.

  Next, the correlation value comparison unit 103 in the detection processing unit 22 compares the obtained highest correlation coefficient (correlation value) with a threshold value, and when the highest correlation coefficient does not exceed the threshold value, When the wake turbulence cannot be detected, the process proceeds to the parameter output unit 104 to change the parameter. If the highest correlation coefficient does not exceed the threshold value even if the parameters are changed, it is determined that there is no wake turbulence on the distribution. When the highest correlation coefficient exceeds the threshold (including the case where both are equal), the process moves to the turbulence position calculation unit 23 as a case where the backward turbulence can be detected.

  The parameter output unit 104 in the detection processing unit 22 initially recognizes the type of aircraft to be observed (wing width), the altitude and speed of the aircraft passing in front of the wake turbulence detector, and the atmospheric density. Are output to the Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation unit 101. If the highest correlation coefficient does not exceed the threshold value, the type of aircraft to be observed (the wing width), the turbulence detection device passes through Any one or some of parameters such as altitude and speed of the aircraft to be operated, atmospheric density, etc. are changed and output to the Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation unit 101. The Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation unit 101 creates a new Doppler wind speed distribution model based on the changed parameters.

  When the highest correlation coefficient exceeds the threshold value, the turbulence position calculation unit 23 in the signal processing unit 2 calculates the location of the vortex structure of the backward turbulence from the result, and further performs vortex movement prediction. From the correlation position (processing unit position), the position of the wake turbulence in the real space is calculated. The turbulence position calculation unit 23 calculates the position of the backward turbulence in the spatial section from the position of the processing unit having a high correlation coefficient. The position of the wake turbulence is the center of each of the two vortices or the center between the two vortices.

  And the display part 3 displays the position of the back turbulence in real space calculated by the turbulence position calculation part 23 in the signal processing part 2. FIG. The position of the wake turbulence in the spatial section is displayed on the display.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the flight altitude of the aircraft is high, the wake turbulence can be detected even when observation is performed in a situation where the elevation angle is high.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
A backward turbulence detection apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The backward turbulence detection device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention detects backward turbulence using a template. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a detection processing unit of the backward turbulence detection device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The overall configuration of the wake turbulence detection apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is the same as that of Embodiment 1 above.

  In FIG. 3, the detection processing unit 22 sets a predetermined frame that is a detection range of wake turbulence in the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section, and the angle of the beam emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1. A template matching unit 202 that performs a template matching process on a set frame using a plurality of types of templates, and a feature quantity that selects a predetermined feature quantity as a posterior turbulence candidate among the feature quantities obtained by the template matching process A background wind comparison value calculation unit 204 that calculates a wind speed value of the background wind, calculates a background wind comparison value from the difference between the wind speed value of the wake turbulence candidate and the wind speed value of the background wind, and the background wind Back turbulence in a spatial section by comparing the background wind comparison value calculated by the comparison value calculation unit 204 with a predetermined threshold value Background Wind comparison value comparison section 205 for detecting, if the background wind comparison value does not exceed the threshold, the template output unit 206 for outputting to the template matching unit 202 to change the template are provided.

  Next, the operation of the wake turbulence detector according to Embodiment 2 will be described with reference to the drawings.

  First, the frame setting unit 201 in the detection processing unit 22 sets a frame (also referred to as a window) width determined by the width of an aircraft wing, which is a detection range of wake turbulence, in the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section. This is because a template matching unit 202 to be described later determines a range in which the processing is performed. That is, a frame of an arbitrary size is set in a place where an aircraft has passed or an area where there is a wake turbulence. This frame indicates the size of the template. The frame setting unit 201 may be omitted, and the template matching process may be performed on the entire Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section.

  Next, the template matching unit 202 in the detection processing unit 22 performs a template matching process on the set frame using a template corresponding to the elevation angle acquired from the template output unit 206. At that time, in the template matching process, the template is changed as shown in FIG. 4 according to the flight altitude of the aircraft. As shown in FIG. 4, the template is changed according to the elevation angle of the light pulse (beam) emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving unit 1 of the backward turbulence detection device 10 </ b> A and the vortex structure of the backward turbulence. For example, when the elevation angle is high, template A or template B is used, and when the elevation angle is low, template C or template D is used.

  Next, the feature amount calculation unit 203 in the detection processing unit 22 arbitrarily moves a frame determined by the set aircraft wing width on the Doppler wind speed distribution and performs template matching (cross-correlation) processing, thereby obtaining a spatial cross section. The position where the wake turbulence exists is emphasized, that is, the integral value corresponding to the position where the wake turbulence exists in the processing unit is accumulated, and when the wake turbulence actually exists, vortex is generated in the frame portion. It is possible to detect wake turbulence as being. The feature amount calculation unit 203 calculates a feature amount that exceeds the largest feature amount or a predetermined correlation value (threshold for calculating the feature amount) from the integral values (feature amounts) obtained for each processing unit. Selected as a wake turbulence candidate (vortex candidate). The frame size is arbitrary, and methods other than those described above may be used.

  Thereafter, the background wind comparison value calculation unit 204 in the detection processing unit 22 first calculates the wind speed value of the background wind for each processing unit. Regarding the method of calculating the wind speed value of the background wind, it is possible to obtain the wind speed value of the background wind such as the average wind speed of each range bin, the Doppler wind speed distribution without vortex structure obtained by past observations, or the altitude distribution model of the wind speed. Any method can be used. As described above, the template matching process is performed by the template matching unit 202, and the feature quantity selected by the feature quantity calculation unit 203 is set as a posterior turbulence candidate (vortex candidate).

  Next, the background wind comparison value calculation unit 204 uses the following equation (1) to calculate the background wind comparison value (m / s) from the wake turbulence candidate (vortex candidate) and the wind speed value of the background wind. Is calculated.

  Here, Vcomp represents the background wind comparison value, Vobs represents the wind speed value of the observed wake turbulence candidate (vortex candidate), and Vbg represents the wind speed value of the background wind.

  The false detection is removed from the result of the background wind comparison value, and the vortex structure is extracted with high accuracy. Details of the background wind comparison value evaluation will be described later.

  Here, the template output from the template output unit 206 will be described. As a template example, when the frame altitude is low, that is, when the elevation angle of the wake turbulence detection device 10A is low, a matrix template having a positive and negative matrix structure as shown in FIG. FIGS. 5 (2) and (3) show a case where two vortices of wake turbulence are adjacent to each other in the matrix template, and a large weight is applied to a region where the vortex wind speed change is high, that is, the end of the vortex structure, Since the change in vortex wind speed is small at the positive and negative boundaries, a weighting function that applies a small weight is applied. Further, FIG. 5 (4) assumes a case where the vortex structures are separated, and is a matrix template having a positive and negative matrix structure, but is a matrix template divided into two.

  When the frame altitude is high with respect to the matrix template as shown in FIG. 5, that is, when the elevation angle of the wake turbulence detection device 10A is high, positive and zero (as shown in FIGS. 6 (1)-(4)). An inclined matrix template having a matrix structure of 0) and having a predetermined inclination is used. As the predetermined inclination, not only the inclination shown in FIG. 6 but also an inclination matrix template having various inclinations are prepared. An inclined matrix template having a positive and negative matrix structure and a predetermined inclination is used. In this template, a negative value is assigned to the position of zero (0) shown in FIGS. The second embodiment is characterized in that the template shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is used by changing the elevation angle of the backward turbulence detection device 10A.

  In the template output from the template output unit 206, when the elevation angle of the backward turbulence detection device 10A is high, only the positive part is extracted as the feature amount as shown in FIG. In addition, it should be taken into account that the positional relationship between the two positive parts changes depending on the observation situation and the structure of the vortex. Therefore, as shown in FIG. A matrix template is also prepared. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 6 (3) and 6 (4), in order to improve the extraction accuracy, an inclined matrix type is prepared by applying a weight function that applies a large weight to the central portion of the vortex structure. Thereby, the influence by the unnecessary part of the vortex structure of the observed data can be suppressed.

  The template output unit 206 can output a past observation example or an observed vortex model corresponding to the elevation angle as a template in addition to the general-purpose tilt matrix template as shown in FIG. . It is also possible to detect vortices by preparing past eddy observations or eddy models of equi-range bin plots as shown in Fig. 7 (2), and taking the cross-correlation of equi-range bin plots with the observation results. is there. Further, only the vortex portion of the equi-range bin plot as shown in FIG. 7 (2) observing the vortex is cut out and used as a template in the positive portion of FIGS. Similar effects can be obtained. At that time, the above-described weight may be applied. The cross-correlation template as shown in FIG. 7 (3) can be applied not only to the inclined matrix template shown in FIG. 6, but also to the matrix template shown in FIG.

  The background wind comparison value calculation unit 204 calculates the background wind comparison value using the equation (1) as described above. In the positive region / negative region of the matrix template shown in FIG. 5 and the positive region of the inclined matrix template shown in FIG. 6, the larger the background wind comparison value, the more significant. The background wind comparison value comparison unit 205 described later detects the background wind comparison value as a vortex of the backward turbulence when the background wind comparison value exceeds or is the maximum. However, when the backward turbulence detection device 10A has a high elevation angle, that is, in the background wind comparison region of FIGS. 6 and 7, it is the condition of the backward turbulence that a value equivalent to the background wind is obtained. When the background wind comparison value is closer to 0, it is determined that the turbulence is backward.

  The background wind comparison value comparison unit 205 compares the calculated background wind comparison value (m / s) with a predetermined threshold value (m / s). If the background wind comparison value does not exceed the threshold value, the process proceeds to the template output unit 206 to change the template as a case where the wake turbulence cannot be detected. If the background wind comparison value does not exceed the threshold value even if the template is changed variously, it is determined that there is no wake turbulence on the spatial section. When the background wind comparison value exceeds the threshold (including the case where both are equal), the process proceeds to the turbulence position calculation unit 23 as a case where the backward turbulence can be detected.

  The template output unit 206 in the detection processing unit 22 outputs a template according to the elevation angle of the light pulse (beam) emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit 1 that is initially recognized to the template matching unit 202. When the wind comparison value does not exceed the threshold value, the template is changed to a different template corresponding to an elevation angle different from the initial angle, or a different template depending on the observed vortex structure of the wake turbulence and output to the template matching unit 202. The template matching unit 202 performs the template matching process again on the set frame using the changed template.

  If the background wind comparison value does not exceed the threshold, the frame setting unit 201 may widen the frame, change the frame, and perform reprocessing.

  When the background wind comparison value exceeds the threshold value, the turbulence position calculation unit 23 calculates the location of the vortex structure of the backward turbulence from the result, and further performs vortex movement prediction. The position of the wake turbulence in the real space is calculated from the position of the processing unit of the background wind comparison value. The turbulence position calculation unit 23 calculates the position of the backward turbulence in the spatial section from the position of the processing unit corresponding to the background wind comparison value. The position of the wake turbulence is the center of each of the two vortices or the center between the two vortices.

  And the display part 3 displays the position of the back turbulence in real space calculated by the turbulence position calculation part 23 in the signal processing part 2. FIG. The position of the wake turbulence in the spatial section is displayed on the display.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, since the flight altitude of the aircraft is high, the wake turbulence can be detected even when observation is performed in a situation where the elevation angle is high.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic wave transmission / reception part, 2 Signal processing part, 3 Display part, 10A Backward turbulence detection apparatus, 21 Doppler wind speed distribution calculation part, 22 Detection processing part, 23 Turbulence position calculation part, 101 Doppler wind speed distribution model calculation part, 102 Cross correlation process , 103 correlation value comparison unit, 104 parameter output unit, 201 frame setting unit, 202 template matching unit, 203 feature amount calculation unit, 204 background wind comparison value calculation unit, 205 background wind comparison value comparison unit, 206 template output unit.

Claims (2)

An electromagnetic wave transmitting / receiving unit that emits an electromagnetic wave into the atmosphere in a direction perpendicular to the flight direction of the aircraft within a range of a predetermined elevation angle, and then receives a reflected wave from the atmosphere as a signal of one spatial section;
Based on the received signal from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit, calculate the Doppler wind speed distribution of the spatial cross section, a signal processing unit that calculates the position of the wake turbulence in the spatial cross section from the calculated Doppler wind speed distribution;
A display unit for displaying the position of wake turbulence in the spatial cross section calculated by the signal processing unit,
The signal processing unit
A Doppler wind speed distribution calculation unit that calculates a wind speed value for each processing unit having a predetermined distance resolution and a predetermined angle resolution based on a reception signal from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit, and calculates a Doppler wind speed distribution in a spatial section from the results. When,
A detection processing unit that detects wake turbulence by performing a template matching process on the Doppler wind speed distribution calculated by the Doppler wind speed distribution calculation unit using a template corresponding to the elevation angle of the beam emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit When,
A turbulence position calculation unit that calculates a position of wake turbulence in the spatial section from a predetermined position of the spatial section where the correlation value of the template matching process is a predetermined value;
The template uses a matrix template having a positive and negative matrix structure when the elevation angle is lower than a predetermined angle, and a positive and zero matrix structure when the elevation angle is higher than the predetermined angle. At least one of has and the matrix template a predetermined amount tilted inclined matrix template in accordance with the elevation angle, the positive and negative has a matrix structure and inclined matrix template the matrix template is inclined a predetermined amount corresponding to the elevation angle A wake turbulence detection device characterized by using. The detection processing unit
A frame setting unit that sets a predetermined frame that is a detection range of wake turbulence in the Doppler wind speed distribution in the spatial section;
A template matching unit that performs a template matching process on a set frame using a plurality of types of templates according to the elevation angle of the beam emitted from the electromagnetic wave transmission / reception unit;
Of the feature quantities obtained by the template matching process, a feature quantity calculation unit that selects a predetermined feature quantity as a posterior turbulence candidate; and
A background wind comparison value calculating unit that calculates a wind speed value of a background wind and calculates a background wind comparison value from a difference between the wind speed value of the wake turbulence candidate and the wind speed value of the background wind;
A background wind comparison value comparing unit that compares the background wind comparison value calculated by the background wind comparison value calculating unit with a predetermined threshold and detects wake turbulence in the spatial section;
The rear turbulence detection device according to claim 1, further comprising: a template output unit that changes the template and outputs the template to the template matching unit when a background wind comparison value does not exceed a threshold value.

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