JP2002030400A - Ceramics/metal composite material excellent in high temperature strength, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ceramics/metal composite material used in the field of electricity, communication, automobile, etc., in particular, used at high temperature and also to provide its manufacturing. SOLUTION: In the ceramics/metal composite material excellent in high temperature strength, ceramic powder or fiber is used as a reinforcement and aluminum or aluminum alloy is used as a matrix and the aluminum or aluminum alloy is composed of an aluminum alloy containing 5-10 wt.% Si and 0.5-4 wt.% Fe. The composite material can be manufactured by forming a preform using the ceramic powder or fiber as a reinforcement and impregnating the preform with the molten aluminum alloy containing 5-10 wt.% Si and 0.5-4 wt.% Fe under no pressure in a nitrogen atmosphere.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a metal-ceramic composite material used in the fields of electricity, telecommunications and automobiles, and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a metal-ceramic composite material used at a high temperature and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, metal-ceramic composite materials containing aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a matrix have often been used near room temperature, but recently, attempts have been made to use them at high temperatures.

[0003] For example, wafer inspection equipment provided in semiconductor manufacturing equipment and the like, and brakes used in automobiles and trains as transportation means are used in a high-temperature environment. This is the case, for example, when a component made of a metal-ceramic composite material is used for a brake or the like.

[0004]

However, although this composite material contains ceramic powder which is extremely excellent in heat resistance as a reinforcing material, the high-temperature strength of the composite material itself is governed by aluminum or aluminum alloy as a matrix. There was a problem that the strength began to decrease at around 300 ° C., and the strength was extremely remarkable at about 400 ° C.

[0005] Therefore, although the metal-ceramic composite material using aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a matrix is expected to be used in all fields due to its excellent properties, the operating temperature limit at high temperatures is limited.
It was not much different from the operating temperature limit of aluminum or aluminum alloy alone, and was a major factor in preventing its spread.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the composite material, and has as its object to provide a metal-ceramic composite material having excellent strength at high temperatures and a method of manufacturing the same. It is in.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have made intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, if the metal used as the matrix is an aluminum alloy containing Si and Fe,
The inventors have found that a composite material having excellent strength at high temperatures can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides (1) a metal-ceramic composite material using ceramic powder or fiber as a reinforcing material and aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a matrix, wherein the aluminum or aluminum alloy contains 5 to 10% by weight of Si. %, An aluminum alloy containing 0.5 to 4% by weight of Fe, which is a metal-ceramic composite material excellent in high-temperature strength (Claim 1).
(2) A preform is formed from ceramic powder or fiber as a reinforcing material, and Si is contained in the preform by 5-1.
2. A metal-ceramic composite material having excellent high-temperature strength according to claim 1, wherein a molten aluminum alloy containing 0% by weight and 0.5 to 4% by weight of Fe is permeated in a nitrogen atmosphere without pressure. The gist of the present invention is a manufacturing method (claim 2). This will be described in more detail below.

As described above, the composite material of the present invention is a metal-ceramic composite material in which the matrix metal is an aluminum alloy containing 5 to 10% by weight of Si and 0.5 to 4% by weight of Fe. (Claim 1). As described above, the matrix in the composite material is Si and Fe
By using an aluminum alloy containing the following, the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy is improved, and as a result, the high-temperature strength of the composite material is improved and increased.

The reason why the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy is improved when Si and Fe are contained in the aluminum alloy is unknown, but it is probably that Al-Fe-Si is contained in the aluminum alloy.
Needle crystals are formed and are distributed uniformly in the aluminum alloy, thereby improving the shape retention of the aluminum alloy at high temperatures. As a result, the heat resistance of the aluminum alloy increases and the high temperature of the composite material increases. It is estimated that the strength is improved.

The content of Si in the aluminum alloy is preferably from 5 to 10% by weight, and if the content of Si is less than 5% by weight or more than 10% by weight, heat resistance is undesirably deteriorated. On the other hand, as the Fe content,
The content of Fe is preferably 0.5 to 4% by weight, and when Fe is less than 0.5% by weight or more than 4% by weight, the heat resistance is also undesirably deteriorated.

As a method for producing the composite material, a preform is formed from ceramic powder or fiber as a reinforcing material, and 5 to 10% by weight of Si is contained in the preform, and
The molten aluminum alloy containing 0.5 to 4% by weight of e is impregnated in a nitrogen atmosphere without pressurization (claim 2).

[0013] Ceramic powders or fibers have poor wettability of aluminum or aluminum alloys and are difficult to compound. For this reason, in the past, the composite was formed by a powder metallurgy method, a stirring and dispersing method, a high-pressure casting method, a high-pressure impregnation method, or the like that can be formed even if the wettability is poor. Of course, the composite material of the present invention may be produced by these methods. However, in these methods, a large-sized pressurizing device is required, near-net molding is difficult, and ceramic powder or fiber is highly contained. For these reasons, they cannot be satisfied, and the cost burden such as capital investment is very large especially when a large-sized composite material is manufactured.

Under these circumstances, attention has been paid to a manufacturing method which has solved these problems, namely, a non-pressurized metal infiltration method (Primex ^™ ) recently developed by Rankside, USA.
It is. In this method, aluminum or an aluminum alloy is brought into contact with a preform formed of ceramic powder or fiber, and the preform is formed at 700 to 900 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere.
This is a method in which the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy is penetrated into the preform by heat treatment at a temperature of 3 ° C. This method uses a chemical reaction to reduce the wettability of the molten aluminum or aluminum alloy to ceramic powder or fiber. This is a method that can be easily and inexpensively manufactured, with the characteristic that aluminum or an aluminum alloy can penetrate into a preform without the need for mechanical pressing.

According to the present invention, an aluminum alloy to be infiltrated is produced by this method as an aluminum alloy having a novel composition and containing 5 to 10% by weight of Si and 0.5 to 4% by weight of Fe. In this case, in the present invention, since the presence of Mg is essential, the required amount of Mg may be contained in the aluminum alloy or the required amount may be contained in the nitrogen atmosphere.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The production method of the present invention will be described in more detail.
First, SiC, Al as reinforcement_Two O_Three, AlN
Ceramic powder or fiber such as
Containing 5 to 10% by weight of Si and 0.5 to 4% by weight of Fe.
An aluminum alloy is prepared.

A preform is formed from the prepared ceramic powder or fiber. The filling rate of the ceramic powder or fiber in the preform is preferably 20 to 80% by volume, and if it is lower than 20% by volume, the rigidity of the formed composite material is too low, and if it is higher than 80% by volume, the preform is formed. Is difficult. As a method for forming the preform, a known method is used, for example, a method of adding an organic binder to ceramic powder or fiber and forming by pressing, or adding a solvent such as water to the ceramic powder or fiber, and using a filter press. And the like.

Next, the obtained preform is put together with the prepared aluminum alloy in a nitrogen atmosphere at 700 to 900.
A heat treatment is performed at a temperature of ° C., and the molten aluminum alloy is permeated into the preform without applying pressure to produce a composite material. Machine the obtained composite material as necessary,
Obtain a composite material product.

When a composite material is prepared by the above method, a metal-ceramic composite material having excellent strength at high temperatures can be obtained.

[0020]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples of the present invention and Comparative Examples.

EXAMPLES (1) Preparation of Composite Material A commercially available SiC powder (manufactured by Shinano Electric Refining Co., Ltd., average particle size: 10 μm) was prepared as ceramic powder, and 100 parts by weight of PVC (polyvinyl butyral) was used as an organic binder. ) Was added in an amount of 5 parts by weight.
A preform having a filling rate of 50% by volume of a size of × 20 mm was formed.

The obtained preform was converted to an aluminum alloy (Al-7 wt% Si-3 wt% Fe-1 wt% Mg)
And a heat treatment at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to melt the aluminum alloy, infiltrate the molten aluminum alloy into the preform without pressure, and cool to produce a composite material. .

(2) Evaluation A test piece of 3 × 4 × 40 mm was cut out from the obtained composite material, and the flexural strength at normal temperature and 400 ° C. was measured according to JIS R16.
01. As a result, at room temperature, 48
0 MPa, 420 MPa even at 400 ° C., 4
There was no significant decrease in strength even at 00 ° C. This indicates that the inclusion of Si and Fe in the aluminum alloy results in a composite material having excellent high-temperature strength.

Comparative Example For comparison, a composite material was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in the example except that the aluminum alloy was an aluminum alloy having a composition of Al-7 wt% Si-1 wt% Mg. As a result, the bending strength at normal temperature was 420 MPa, but at 400 ° C., it became 230 MPa,
At 0 ° C., a very large decrease in strength was observed.

[0025]

As described above, according to the composite material of the present invention, a metal-ceramic composite material having excellent strength at high temperatures can be obtained. As a result, it has become possible to easily and inexpensively provide a composite material having excellent high-temperature strength, which can be used at a high temperature in a wafer inspection device, a brake used in an automobile, a train, and the like.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification FI FI Theme Court II (Reference) C22C 21/00 C22C 21/00 E (72) Inventor Tamotsu Harada 2-4-2 Daisaku Sakura-shi, Chiba Pref. Central Research Laboratories (72) Inventor Ichiro Aoki 2-4-2 Daisaku, Sakura City, Chiba Pref. Pacific Cement Co., Ltd. Central Research Laboratories F-term (reference)

Claims (2)

[Claims] A metal-ceramic composite material comprising ceramic powder or fiber as a reinforcing material and aluminum or an aluminum alloy as a matrix, wherein the aluminum or aluminum alloy contains 5 to 10% by weight of Si and 0.1 to 10% by weight of Fe. A metal-ceramic composite material having excellent high-temperature strength, which is an aluminum alloy containing 5 to 4% by weight. 2. A preform is formed from a ceramic powder or fiber as a reinforcing material, and Si is contained in the preform.
2. A metal-ceramic having excellent high-temperature strength according to claim 1, wherein a molten aluminum alloy containing 5 to 10% by weight of Fe and 0.5 to 4% by weight of Fe is permeated in a nitrogen atmosphere without pressure. Manufacturing method of composite material