JP2002028872A - Abrasive grain tool and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abrasive grain tool and its manufacturing method having high efficiency and high quality by feeding a capsule-contained oil to a machining point, and superimposing a chemical action and a mechanical action to a work. SOLUTION: Microcapsules 3 containing one of fluorine oil, chlorine oil, and nitrogen oil applying the chemical action to the work and abrasive grains 2 are dispersively added to a binder 1 to form this abrasive grain tool. When the abrasive grain tool is molded by a baking method, the average grain size of the microcapsules 3 is set to 1-20 μm, and the wall thickness of the capsules is set to 1/1000-1/10 of the grain size. When the abrasive grain tool is molded by an electrodeposition method, the average grain size of the microcapsules 3 is set to 1-200 μm, and the wall thickness of the capsules is set to 1/1000-1/10 of the grain size.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an abrasive tool for grinding and polishing hard and brittle materials such as silicon and glass, and metallic materials such as steel and aluminum with high efficiency and high quality, and a method of manufacturing the same. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in comparison with mere machining, in mechanochemical machining and chemical mechanical machining, not only a mechanical removal action is given to a workpiece but also a chemical removal action is superimposed. It is known that processing efficiency and processing quality can be dramatically improved.

Therefore, a technique has been proposed in which a substance (an unstable oxide or a substance having a reducing property) which causes a chemical action on a workpiece is used as an abrasive or an additive (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-336949). Gazette, Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-288
No. 29, JP-A-5-4171, etc.). Also,
Technology has also been developed to apply a chemical action to a workpiece by using a machining fluid, such as a fluorine-based oil that causes a tribochemical reaction with a metal material such as aluminum or a hard brittle material such as silicon. Chlorinated oil,
And nitrogen-based oils.

However, these oils have extremely high lubricity, and when supplied as a working fluid to a working point, a tool such as a grindstone, a polishing pad, a polishing film, or a polishing cloth slips on the workpiece, causing a tribo-drain. There is a problem that not only the chemical action does not occur, but also the removal of the workpiece is not performed. Therefore, a technique has been developed in which the fluorinated oil is encapsulated in the microcapsules so that the fluorinated oil is reliably supplied to the processing point (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-108).
246686, Japanese Patent Application No. 11-194380, etc.).

[0005]

In the above prior art,
Fluorine-based oils and the like are encapsulated in microcapsules, but when these microcapsules are added to a tool such as a grindstone or a polishing cloth or a polishing cloth (including a polishing film), the material, manufacturing method, and processing form of the tool As a result, required mechanical characteristics (pressure resistance, heat resistance, etc.) are greatly different. The strength of the microcapsule depends on the capsule diameter, wall thickness,
Since these values change depending on the elastic modulus of the wall material, it is necessary to appropriately select these values according to the tool.

[0006] The present invention provides an abrasive grain capable of achieving high efficiency and high quality by supplying an oil contained in a capsule to a processing point and superimposing a chemical action and a mechanical action on a workpiece. It is an object to provide a tool and a method for manufacturing the tool.

[0007]

The invention according to claim 1 is
It is characterized in that microcapsules enclosing any one of fluorine-based oil, chlorine-based oil, and nitrogen-based oil having a chemical action on a workpiece and abrasive grains are dispersed and added in a binder.

[0008] When the abrasive tool (grinding stone) to which the microcapsules are dispersed and added comes into contact with a workpiece or abrasive grains during processing, the microcapsule wall is broken, and the capsule has a lubricating and chemical property. A very small amount of liquid material that exerts an action acts as a lubricant for the workpiece and the abrasive tool and causes a chemical action on the workpiece. As a result, the workpiece is processed without slipping on the abrasive tool, and at the same time, the surface of the workpiece is changed to a material that is easy to remove, and the deteriorated layer can be removed successively. Accuracy, machining efficiency and machining surface quality can be improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the microcapsules have an average particle size of 1 to 20 μm,
It is characterized in that the capsule wall thickness is set to 1/1000 to 1/10 of the particle size.

For example, in a grinding wheel manufactured by a firing method in which the binder is made of a polymer material or a ceramic material, if the size of the microcapsules to be dispersed and added is less than 1 μm, it is difficult to break during processing. In, when the contained material is hard to be released and the average particle size exceeds 20 μm,
There is a possibility that the material may be released during the grinding of the grindstone, that is, at the time of firing (before processing) in a high-pressure / high-temperature atmosphere, and the contained substance may be released. If the wall thickness of the microcapsules is less than 1/1000 of the particle size, the material is destroyed and released before processing such as whetstone molding, that is, during firing, and the wall thickness is reduced to 1 / 1,000 of the particle size. If it exceeds 10, it will be extremely difficult to break down during processing, and the contained substance may not be released.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the microcapsules have an average particle size of 1 to 200 μm.
m, the capsule wall thickness is set to 1/1000 to 1/10 of the particle size.

In a grinding wheel manufactured by the electrodeposition method, if the size of the microcapsules is less than 1 μm, the microcapsules are difficult to break at the time of processing, the contained material is hardly released, and if the average particle size exceeds 200 μm. At the time of forming a grindstone (at the time of electrodeposition), the microcapsules may be broken before processing due to plating stress, and the contained substance may be released.
Further, the wall thickness of the microcapsules is 1/100 of the particle size.
If it is less than 0, the microcapsules are broken at the time of forming a grindstone (at the time of electrodeposition), and the contained material is released before processing. Destruction becomes difficult, and the contained substance may not be released.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the wall material of the microcapsules is mainly made of a thermosetting resin.

For example, in a grinding wheel manufactured by a firing method in which a binder is made of a polymer material or a ceramic material, the wall material of the microcapsules is made of a soft resin such as an elastomer or polyvinyl chloride or a hard resin such as a polyamide resin. If it is a thermoplastic resin, it may be broken at the time of grindstone forming, that is, at the time of firing, and the contained substance may be released. On the other hand, by using a thermosetting resin such as a melamine resin for the capsule wall, it is possible to prevent the molding pressure and molding heat during firing from breaking the microcapsules.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for producing an abrasive tool according to the first aspect, wherein any one of the fluorine-based oil, the chlorine-based oil, and the nitrogen-based oil is encapsulated in a microcapsule. And an addition / molding step of dispersing and adding the microcapsules and abrasive grains to a binder and molding.

By doing so, the chemical action and the mechanical action can be superimposed on the workpiece to achieve higher efficiency and higher quality.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect, the encapsulation step is any one of an interfacial polymerization method, an in situ polymerization method, a coacervation method, a curing-in-liquid coating method, and a drying method in liquid. It is characterized by consisting of

By doing so, the liquid substance can be reliably contained in the microcapsules.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth aspect, the adding / forming step comprises a firing step.

An eighth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the fifth aspect, the adding / forming step comprises a step of an electrodeposition method.

When the electrodeposition method is used as the abrasive tool forming method,
Microcapsules that are easily broken by molding pressure or molding heat when using the firing method can be added to the tool.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. The abrasive tool of the present embodiment is manufactured by an encapsulation process and an addition / forming process. In the encapsulation step, a liquid substance having a chemical action on the workpiece, such as a fluorine-based oil such as perfluoropolyether (hereinafter abbreviated as PFPE), or a chlorine-based oil or a nitrogen-based oil, is encapsulated in the microcapsules. .

At this time, if the capsule conditions, for example, in the case of the interfacial polymerization method or the in situ polymerization method, the average particle diameter is adjusted by adjusting the stirring speed of the solution in the emulsion of the oil.
Microcapsules are prepared so as to have a predetermined size within ２０20 μm and a predetermined thickness within the range of 1/1000 to 1/10 of the average particle diameter with respect to the capsule wall thickness.

As for the capsule wall material, for example, in
In the case of the in situ polymerization method, an appropriate monomer polymerization catalyst is supplied from the outer phase of the core substance, and a wall is formed on the surface layer of the core substance and polymerized to form a wall material made of a material such as a melamine resin. The encapsulation process includes an interfacial polymerization method,
tu polymerization method, coacervation method, liquid curing coating method,
Any step of the in-liquid drying method may be used.

When the encapsulation process is completed, the process proceeds to the addition / molding process. As the addition / forming step, any one of a firing method and an electrodeposition method may be used. In the case of the firing method, the microcapsules are added to a binder resin (for example, a phenol resin) together with the abrasive grains and, if necessary, the aggregate. At this time, the addition rate of the microcapsules in the binder is set between 5 and 40 vol%. Next, after stirring and mixing the mixture of the microcapsules, the abrasive grains, and the aggregate and the binder resin as necessary, the mixture is heated and molded,
Obtain an abrasive tool for grinding and polishing.

As an additive, an additive such as a solid lubricant may be added in place of the aggregate. Hard abrasive particles such as diamond, CBN, alumina, and silicon carbide are used as abrasive grains. Also, as a binder,
Not limited to resin, a ceramic material and / or a metal material may be used.

In the case of producing an electrodeposited whetstone by an electrodeposition method in the addition / forming step, microcapsules are added to an electrodeposition plating solution (electrolyte solution) to deposit a plating layer and to remove the microcapsules. Fix in the plating layer. For example, the microcapsules, abrasive grains and, if necessary, an aggregate are mixed in a plating solution, and a mixed solution obtained by stirring is previously stored in a predetermined amount in an electrolytic cell, and an anode and a cathode are opposed to each other in the electrolytic cell. I do. The cathode is a conductive metal substrate forming a lap tool, and by applying a predetermined voltage between the anode and the cathode to perform electrolysis, a plating layer containing the microcapsules and abrasive grains is deposited on the cathode. I do. In the electrolytic solution, charged microcapsules and abrasive grains are dispersed. As the plating solution, for example, a copper sulfate plating solution or a nickel sulfamate plating solution is used, and as abrasive grains, hard abrasive particles such as diamond, CBN, alumina, and silicon carbide are used.

[0028]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, as an example according to the present invention, a case in which a resin bond grindstone is manufactured by a firing method will be described. First, a fluorine-based oil (PFPE) is mixed with the above-mentioned interfacial polymerization method,
Microencapsulation is performed by any of the in situ polymerization method, coacervation method, liquid curing coating method, and liquid drying method. At this time, capsule conditions such as interfacial polymerization method and in s
In the case of the itu polymerization method, the production is performed so that the average particle diameter is 3 μm and the capsule wall thickness is 0.05 μm by adjusting the stirring speed of the solution in the emulsion of the oil. For the capsule wall material, for example, in the case of an in situ polymerization method, a suitable monomer or polymerization catalyst is supplied from the external phase of the core substance, and a wall is formed and polymerized on the surface layer of the core substance, thereby forming a thermo-melamine resin or the like. A wall material made of a curable resin is formed.

Next, the average particle size of 3 μm prepared as described above was used.
m, a microcapsule having a capsule wall thickness of 0.05 μm;
Abrasive grains (1 to 3 μm diamond) are added to a binder resin (phenol resin) and mixed and stirred. At this time, the addition rate of the microcapsules in the binder was 5 to 40 vol%.
Set between. Next, the mixture of the microcapsules, abrasive grains, and binder resin was heated and molded to obtain an abrasive tool for grinding and polishing. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the abrasive tool. As shown in FIG. 1, microcapsules 3 in which a fluorinated oil 3 a is encapsulated in phenolic resin 1 and Dynemond abrasive grains 2 are dispersed and added.

With the grinding and polishing whetstone thus manufactured,
The processing of the aluminum alloy disk was performed. As a result, the grindstone with microcapsules containing fluorine-based oil was compared with the grindstone without capsules and the grindstone with microcapsules containing silicone oil because the chemical action of the fluorine-based oil was superimposed. , 5 to 20 times the processing amount. Regarding the processed surface roughness, a mirror surface of about 70 nmRy could be obtained only with a grindstone to which microcapsules containing fluorine-based oil were added. As described above, by using the grinding wheel to which microcapsules containing fluorine-based oil were added, a chemical removing action was exhibited, and both the processing efficiency and the processed surface quality could be improved.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Provided is an abrasive tool capable of achieving high efficiency and high quality by supplying an encapsulated oil to a processing point and superimposing a chemical action and a mechanical action on a workpiece, and a method of manufacturing the same. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an abrasive tool showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Phenol resin (binder) 2 Abrasive particles 3 Microcapsule 3a Fluorine-based oil

Continuation of the front page F term (reference) 3C063 AA02 AB01 BB02 BC02 BC03 BD01 BD05 CC02 CC12 FF23 FF30

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A microcapsule enclosing any one of a fluorine-based oil, a chlorine-based oil, and a nitrogen-based oil having a chemical action on a workpiece, and abrasive grains dispersed and added in a binder. An abrasive tool characterized by the following: 2. The microcapsules having an average particle size of 1 to 2
0 μm, capsule wall thickness is 1/1000 to 1/10 of particle size
The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive tool is set to: 3. The microcapsules having an average particle size of 1 to 2
00 μm, capsule wall thickness is 1/1000 to 1/1 of particle size
The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein the tool is set to zero. 4. The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein the wall material of the microcapsules mainly comprises a thermosetting resin. 5. The method for producing an abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein an encapsulating step of encapsulating any one of the fluorine-based oil, the chlorine-based oil, and the nitrogen-based oil in a microcapsule; A method for producing an abrasive tool, comprising: an addition / forming step of forming by dispersing and adding abrasive grains to a binder. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the encapsulating step is performed by an interfacial polymerization method.
tu polymerization method, coacervation method, liquid curing coating method,
The method for producing an abrasive tool according to claim 5, comprising any one of the steps of a submerged drying method. 7. The method for manufacturing an abrasive tool according to claim 5, wherein said adding / forming step comprises a firing step. 8. The method for producing an abrasive tool according to claim 5, wherein said adding / forming step comprises a step of an electrodeposition method.