JP2000079566A - Abrasive grain tool and manufacture of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To alter a surface of a work into an easily removable substance and to successively remove its alteration layer by dispersing and adding the microcapsules including the liquid substance having the chemical action on the work and the abrasive grain into a binding agent. SOLUTION: The microcapsules including the liquid substance composed of fluorine-contained oil having the chemical action on a work, and the abrasive grain are dispersed and added into a binding agent to be used as an abrasive grain tool. The microcapsule walls are broken by the contact of the work and the abrasive grain tool in the processing, whereby the fluorine-contained oil included in the capsules is released to generate the chemical action on the work. As a result, a surface of the work can be altered to be an easily removable substance, whereby the processing efficiency of the work and the quality of a processed surface can be improved. An average particle size of the microcapsules is determined 1-50 μm, and the addition ratio of the microcapsules is 5-40 vol.%.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an abrasive tool for grinding and polishing hard and brittle materials such as silicon and glass and metallic materials such as steel and aluminum and a method for manufacturing the abrasive tool. The present invention relates to an abrasive tool for increasing the efficiency and quality of grinding and polishing, and a method for manufacturing the abrasive tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various materials have been used as additives in abrasive tools used for grinding and polishing a workpiece, for example, to reduce grinding resistance and improve grinding wheel wear. There are solid lubricants for the purpose of improving the mechanical strength of tools and metal powders for the purpose of improving the mechanical strength of the tool.

[0003] In addition to solid lubricants and metal powders, there are also those in which microcapsules are used as additives for abrasive tools. Such a conventional technique is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-212860. Hereinafter, a first conventional example), JP-A-4-300165 (hereinafter, a second conventional example), JP-A-7-156068 (hereinafter, a third conventional example), and JP-A-7-227765. (Hereinafter, referred to as a fourth conventional example).

In the first conventional example, fluorinated graphite having low compatibility with a resin is coated with a vinyl-based polymer and encapsulated, and the capsule and the abrasive flow are mixed and integrated with a binder made of a resin. By doing so, the lubrication effect of the grindstone is enhanced. The one described in the second conventional example is a grinding wheel in which an electrodeposited abrasive phase in which superabrasive grains are fixed with a metal plating phase is formed on a surface to be plated of a grindstone substrate. By dispersing microcapsules containing a lubricant such as alcohol, the lubrication effect of the grindstone is enhanced.

In the third and fourth conventional examples, a resin-bonded grindstone is formed by dispersing abrasive grains and microcapsules containing soluble particles in a binder of a synthetic resin, so that a resin-bonded grindstone is formed during processing. In this case, the formation of chip pockets on the grindstone surface suppresses grinding wheel clogging and reduces machining resistance. As described in the first to fourth conventional examples, as a grindstone additive, microcapsules can be used for the same purpose as conventionally known solid lubricants, or by using as a tip pocket forming agent. ,
The mechanical properties of the grindstone, that is, the mechanical removal action capability of the grindstone are improved.

[0006] Other examples using such microcapsules are described in catalogs of Japan Capsule Products Company. In this method, microcapsules are added as a pore generating agent at the time of forming a grindstone, and no capsule is present when used as a grindstone. On the other hand, such a mechanical removing action not only gives a mechanical removing action to a workpiece but also a chemical removing action, as is known in chemical mechanical processing or mechano-chemical processing. There is a processing method in which the processing efficiency and the quality of the processed surface are remarkably improved by superimposing them.

Examples of such processing methods include, for example, JP-A-4-336949 (hereinafter referred to as a fifth conventional example), JP-B-55-28829 (hereinafter referred to as a sixth conventional example), and Japanese Patent No. -4171 (hereinafter, referred to as a seventh conventional example). The fifth conventional example uses a substance (an unstable oxide or a reducing substance) that causes a chemical action on a workpiece as abrasive grains, and uses this substance and a mechanical removal abrasive. By combining the particles with the grains, the surface of the workpiece is changed into a material that can be easily removed, and the altered layer is sequentially removed.

[0008] The one described in the sixth conventional example is obtained by integrating abrasive grains and fluorocarbon with a binder.
While changing the surface of the workpiece to a material that is easy to remove,
The altered layer is sequentially removed. The thing described in the seventh conventional example is to change the surface of the workpiece to a material that can be easily removed by incorporating abrasive grains of inorganic salt in the resin bond grinding wheel, and to sequentially remove the deteriorated layer. I have.

[0009]

However, the fifth to fifth problems are to be solved.
All of the structures described in the seventh conventional example are designed to improve the processing efficiency and the processing accuracy by causing a mechanochemical reaction on the workpiece, but the mechanochemical reaction is originally a solid reaction with the workpiece. The reaction between abrasive grains or solid additives, that is, a solid phase reaction, is based on the fact that the processing point must be at a high temperature in order for a chemical reaction to occur. The problem of worsening occurs.

Therefore, the present invention can achieve high efficiency and high quality by superposing chemical and mechanical actions on a workpiece, and requires a high-temperature atmosphere such as a mechanochemical reaction. An object of the present invention is to provide an abrasive tool and a method of manufacturing the abrasive tool which can suppress a deterioration in the shape accuracy of a workpiece by causing a chemical reaction without causing the chemical reaction to occur.

[0011]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that microcapsules containing a liquid substance having a chemical action on a workpiece and abrasive grains are dispersed and added in a binder.
In this case, the wall of the microcapsule is broken by the contact between the workpiece and the abrasive tool at the time of processing, and a liquid substance having a chemical action contained in the capsule is released, thereby causing a chemical action on the workpiece. As a result, the surface of the workpiece can be changed to a substance that can be easily removed, and the affected layer can be sequentially removed, so that the processing efficiency and the surface quality of the workpiece can be improved.

In addition, since a liquid substance is used as a substance having a chemical action on a workpiece, an increase in processing point temperature can be suppressed unlike mechanochemical processing. In the present invention, in order to disperse and add this liquid substance in the binder, it was encapsulated in microcapsules,
By enclosing in a microcapsule in this way, it is possible to cause a chemical action on the workpiece while suppressing an increase in the processing point temperature.

Further, since the liquid material is supplied to the processing point from inside the capsule added to the inside of the abrasive tool, the liquid material is supplied to the processing point from the outside of a general abrasive tool. The liquid material can be effectively supplied to the processing point, and the chemical removal effect by the liquid material can be remarkably improved.
Alternatively, it can be very small.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the first aspect of the present invention, the liquid material is made of fluorine oil. In this case, since the fluorine oil causes a chemical action on the metal material or the hard and brittle material based on the characteristics of the fluorine atom, the processing efficiency, the processing accuracy and the processing quality of the workpiece can be surely improved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the average particle diameter of the microcapsules is set to 1 to 50 μm. In this case, the liquid material can be easily released at the time of processing the workpiece, and it is possible to reliably prevent the microcapsules from being carelessly broken and the encapsulated liquid material from being released at the time of forming the abrasive tool. If the average particle size of the microcapsules is less than 1 μm, the walls of the microcapsules are less likely to be broken during processing of a workpiece, and it is difficult to release a liquid substance. If the average particle size of the microcapsules is 51 μm or more, abrasive particles The microcapsules are inadvertently broken during molding of the tool, and the contained liquid substance may be released, which is not preferable.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the first aspect of the present invention,
The addition rate of the microcapsules in the binder is 5 to 40 vol.
%. In this case, it is possible to effectively cause a chemical action on the workpiece, prevent deterioration of the binding property of the binder, and hold the abrasive grains with a sufficient holding force. If the addition rate of the microcapsules is less than 5 vol%, the chemical action cannot be effectively generated on the workpiece, and if the addition rate of the microcapsules is 41 vol% or more, the binding agent It is not preferable because the bonding property deteriorates and the abrasive grains cannot be held with a sufficient holding force.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the first aspect of the present invention,
It is characterized in that the binder is made of any material of resin, ceramics and metal. In that case, if the binder is arbitrarily set according to the material of the workpiece to be machined, the usability of the abrasive tool can be improved.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an abrasive tool according to the first aspect, wherein the microcapsule includes a liquid substance. And an addition step of dispersing and adding abrasive grains to a binder. In that case, chemical and mechanical actions can be superimposed on the workpiece to achieve higher efficiency and higher quality, and the chemical reaction can be performed without the need for a high-temperature atmosphere such as mechanochemical reaction. Thus, it is possible to obtain an abrasive tool capable of suppressing the deterioration of the workpiece shape accuracy.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the sixth aspect of the present invention, the encapsulating step includes an interfacial polymerization method, an in situ polymerization method, a coacervation method, and a curing coating in liquid. And a method of drying in liquid. In that case, the liquid substance can be securely included in the microcapsules.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 are views showing an embodiment of an abrasive tool according to the present invention and a method of manufacturing the abrasive tool. First, the configuration will be described.

The abrasive tool of this embodiment is manufactured by an encapsulation process and an addition process. In the encapsulation step, a liquid material composed of a fluorine oil such as perfluoropolyether (PFPE) is encapsulated in the microcapsules. At this time, the capsule conditions, for example, if the interfacial polymerization method or in situ polymerization method, by adjusting the stirring speed of the solution in the emulsion of oil, microcapsules of a predetermined size within the average particle diameter of 1 ~ 50μm. Make it.

As for the capsule wall material, for example, in
In the case of the in situ polymerization method, an appropriate monomer polymerization catalyst is supplied from the outer phase of the core substance, and a wall is formed on the surface layer of the core substance and polymerized to form a wall material made of a material such as a melamine resin. The encapsulation process includes the coacervation method,
Any of the steps of the in-liquid curing coating method and the in-liquid drying method may be used.

When the encapsulation step is completed, the microcapsules are added to the binder resin together with the abrasive grains and, if necessary, the aggregate. At this time, the addition rate of the microcapsules in the binder is set between 5 and 40 vol%. Next, after stirring and mixing the mixture, the mixture is heated and molded to obtain an abrasive tool for grinding and polishing. In addition, as an additive, an additive such as a solid lubricant may be added instead of the skeleton. Further, any hard abrasive particles such as diamond, CBN, alumina, and silicon carbide may be used as the abrasive grains. Further, the binder is not limited to resin, but may be any material of ceramics and metal.

When producing an electrodeposited grinding wheel, microcapsules are added to an electrodeposition plating solution to deposit a plating layer and fix the microcapsules in the plating layer. FIGS. 1 to 3 show an example in which an aluminum alloy disk is processed by the abrasive tool manufactured as described above. In this abrasive tool, the wall material of the microcapsule is adjusted to melamine resin, the size is adjusted to 3 μm, diamonds of 1 to 3 μm are used as abrasive grains, and the microcapsules are 30 vol. %, Abrasive grains are added at an addition rate of 10 vol%.

In FIG. 1, ST-R is an abrasive tool without microcapsules, ST-A is an abrasive tool with microcapsules containing general synthetic oil, and ST-B is a microcapsule with silicone oil. Is an abrasive tool, and ST-C is an abrasive tool manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method to which microcapsules containing perfluoropolyether oil are added, and FIG. 1 shows machining of a workpiece by each abrasive tool. It is a figure which shows the processing amount at the time of doing. At this time, a working fluid (pure water in this embodiment) having a flow rate of 0.3 ml / min was supplied to the working surface during the working.

As shown in FIG. 1, the chemical action of the fluorine oil indicated by ST-C was superimposed, so that ST-R,
The machining amount is 5 to 20 times that of the abrasive tools shown in ST-A and ST-B. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, ST-B also shows a comparison between the processing surface roughness of the ST-B abrasive tool and the processing surface roughness of the ST-C abrasive tool as shown in FIG. 3.
Degraded to 0.38 μmRy and 70 nmRa, ST-C was 7
It can be seen that they have been improved to 4 μmRy and 8 nmRa. The pre-processed surface roughness is 0.11 μmRy and 15 nmRy.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the microcapsules containing the liquid substance made of fluorine oil which chemically acts on the workpiece and the abrasive grains are dispersed and added in the binder. The contact of the abrasive tool breaks the microcapsule wall, releases the fluorine oil contained in the capsule, and can cause a chemical action on the workpiece.

As a result, the surface of the workpiece can be changed to a substance that can be easily removed, and the deteriorated layer can be sequentially removed, so that the processing efficiency and the surface quality of the workpiece can be improved. In particular, since fluorine oil causes a chemical action on metal materials and hard and brittle materials based on the characteristics of fluorine atoms, the processing efficiency, processing accuracy, and processing quality of a workpiece can be reliably improved.

Further, since fluorine oil is used as a substance having a chemical action on a workpiece, unlike the mechanochemical processing, an increase in the processing point temperature can be suppressed. In the present embodiment, in order to disperse and add this liquid substance in the binder, the liquid substance is encapsulated in microcapsules. Can have a chemical effect on

Further, since the fluorine oil is supplied to the processing point from the capsule added inside the abrasive tool,
A liquid material can be more effectively supplied to a processing point, and a chemical removal effect by the liquid material can be remarkably improved, as compared with a method of supplying a processing liquid to a processing point from the outside of a general abrasive tool. The supply of machining fluid from the outside is also 0.
A very small amount of 3 ml / min could be achieved.

The average particle size of the microcapsules is 1 to
The 50μm setting allows easy release of liquid material during processing of workpieces, and ensures that microcapsules are inadvertently destroyed during molding of abrasive tools and the contained liquid material is released. Can be prevented. If the average particle size of the microcapsules is less than 1 μm, the walls of the microcapsules are less likely to be broken during processing of a workpiece, and it is difficult to release a liquid substance. If the average particle size of the microcapsules is 51 μm or more, abrasive particles The microcapsules are inadvertently broken during molding of the tool, and the contained liquid substance may be released, which is not preferable.

Also, the addition rate of the microcapsules in the binder is between 5 and 40 vol%, especially 30 vol%, so that a chemical action can be effectively generated on the workpiece and the binder can be effectively used. Deterioration of the bonding property can be prevented, and the abrasive grains can be held with a sufficient holding force. If the addition rate of the microcapsules is less than 5 vol%, the chemical action cannot be effectively generated on the workpiece, and if the addition rate of the microcapsules is 41 vol% or more, the binding agent It is not preferable because the bonding property deteriorates and the abrasive grains cannot be held with a sufficient holding force.

[0033]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the microcapsule wall is destroyed by the contact between the workpiece and the abrasive tool during processing, and the liquid substance having a chemical action contained in the capsule is released, and Causes chemical action on objects. As a result, the surface of the workpiece can be changed to a substance that can be easily removed, and the affected layer can be sequentially removed, so that the processing efficiency and the surface quality of the workpiece can be improved.

Further, since a liquid substance is used as a substance having a chemical action on a workpiece, an increase in the processing point temperature can be suppressed unlike mechanochemical processing. In the present invention, in order to disperse and add this liquid substance in the binder, it was encapsulated in microcapsules,
By enclosing in a microcapsule in this way, it is possible to cause a chemical action on the workpiece while suppressing an increase in the processing point temperature.

Further, since the liquid substance is supplied to the processing point from inside the capsule added to the inside of the abrasive tool, the liquid material is supplied to the processing point from the outside of a general abrasive tool. The liquid material can be effectively supplied to the processing point, and the chemical removal effect by the liquid material can be remarkably improved.
Alternatively, it can be very small.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the fluorine oil causes a chemical action on the metal material or the hard and brittle material based on the characteristics of the fluorine atom, the processing efficiency, the processing accuracy and the processing quality of the workpiece are obtained. Can be reliably improved. According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is easy to release the liquid material at the time of machining the workpiece, and it is ensured that the microcapsules are inadvertently broken and the contained liquid material is released at the time of forming the abrasive tool. Can be prevented. If the average particle size of the microcapsules is less than 1 μm, the walls of the microcapsules are less likely to be broken during processing of a workpiece, and it is difficult to release a liquid substance. If the average particle size of the microcapsules is 51 μm or more, abrasive particles The microcapsules are inadvertently broken during molding of the tool, and the contained liquid substance may be released, which is not preferable.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to effectively cause a chemical action on the workpiece, prevent deterioration of the binding property of the binder, and sufficiently remove the abrasive grains. It can be held with an appropriate holding force. If the addition rate of the microcapsules is less than 5 vol%, the chemical action cannot be effectively generated on the workpiece, and if the addition rate of the microcapsules is 41 vol% or more, the binding agent It is not preferable because the bonding property deteriorates and the abrasive grains cannot be held with a sufficient holding force.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, the usability of the abrasive tool can be improved by arbitrarily setting the binder according to the material of the workpiece to be machined. According to the invention described in claim 6, high efficiency and high quality can be achieved by superimposing a chemical action and a mechanical action on a workpiece, and a high-temperature atmosphere such as a mechanochemical reaction can be achieved. Thus, it is possible to obtain an abrasive tool capable of suppressing the deterioration of the shape accuracy of a workpiece by causing a chemical reaction without requiring the abrasive tool.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the liquid substance can be reliably included in the microcapsules.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of an abrasive tool according to the present invention and a method for manufacturing the abrasive tool, and shows a processing amount when a workpiece is machined by the abrasive tool and a difference in the amount of the other abrasive tools. It is the figure which compared the processing amount at the time of processing a workpiece.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a machined surface roughness when a workpiece is machined by another abrasive tool compared in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a machined surface roughness when a workpiece is machined by the abrasive tool of one embodiment.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification FI FI Theme Court ゛ (Reference) C09K 3/14 550 C09K 3/14 550Z (71) Applicant 000004293 Noritake Co., Ltd. Noritake Nishi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture (No. 1-36, Machi-cho) (72) Inventor Toshiyuki Enomoto 1-3-6, Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Ricoh Co., Ltd. (72) Yasuhiro Tani 3-47-12, Miyasaka, 3-47-12, Miyasaka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo (72) ) Inventor Katsura Eto 4-46-5 Yamato-cho, Nakano-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Yukio Yamaguchi 3-36, Noritakeshinmachi, Nishi-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi F-term (reference) 3C063 AA02 AB01 BC01 BC03 BD01 BD02 CC01 EE15 FF07

Claims (7)

[Claims] An abrasive tool characterized in that microcapsules containing a liquid substance that chemically acts on a workpiece and abrasive grains are dispersed and added in a binder. 2. The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein said liquid material is made of fluorine oil. 3. The microcapsule has an average particle size of 1 to 50.
The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive tool is set to μm. 4. The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein an addition ratio of the microcapsules in the binder is 5 to 40 vol%. 5. The abrasive tool according to claim 1, wherein the binder is made of any one of resin, ceramics, and metal. 6. The method for producing an abrasive tool according to claim 1, comprising: an encapsulating step of enclosing the liquid substance in microcapsules; and an adding step of dispersing and adding the microcapsules and abrasive grains to a binder. A method for producing an abrasive tool. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the encapsulation step comprises any one of an interfacial polymerization method, an in situ polymerization method, a coacervation method, a curing-in-liquid coating method, and a drying method in liquid.
A manufacturing method of the abrasive tool according to the above.