JP2002022315A - Four-way selector valve of high efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a four-way selector valve of high efficiency which enables reduction of a pressure loss and a heat loss on high-pressure and low-pressure sides. SOLUTION: The four-way selector valve has a tubular valve main body 20 closed in the opposite ends, a valve seat 21 provided inside the valve main body 20, two conduits 22 and 24 and one low-pressure conduit 23 provided in a row in the valve seat 21, a valve disk 26 provided slidably on the valve seat 21, and a high-pressure conduit 25 provided in the wall of the valve main body 20 oppositely to the valve seat 21. The high-pressure conduit 25 is formed in a fork, and two high-pressure conduits 25a and 25b being forked are so provided in the valve main body 20 as to be opposed to the two conduits 22 and 24, respectively. The valve disk 26 is provided with a means that always masks either of the two high-pressure conduits 25a and 25b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a four-way switching valve. More specifically, the present invention relates to a four-way switching valve used for switching between cooling and heating in a cooling and heating device, and relates to a high-efficiency four-way switching valve with reduced heat loss.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a conventional air conditioner. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant gas, and 2 denotes a four-way switching valve for changing the direction of circulation of the refrigerant gas for cooling or heating the room. And two conduits 4, 6 and one low-pressure conduit 5 and a valve body 7, a high-pressure conduit 3 is connected to the discharge port 1a of the compressor 1, and a conduit 4 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 In the meantime, the conduits 6 are respectively connected to the indoor heat exchangers 9,
The low-pressure conduit 5 is connected to the suction port 1b of the compressor 1.
An expansion valve 10 that regulates the pressure of the refrigerant gas flowing between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger is provided.

When the valve element 7 is in the state shown in FIG. 6A, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas output from the compressor 1 enters the indoor heat exchanger 9 through the four-way switching valve 2 via the conduit 6, and After radiating heat and exchanging heat with the indoor air to lower the temperature, the air enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 through the expansion valve 10. The outdoor heat exchanger 8
The low-temperature refrigerant gas that has flowed into the compressor absorbs heat from the outside air and returns to the compressor 1 from the conduit 4 via the low-pressure conduit 5 and circulates. This heats the room.

When the valve element 7 is slid rightward as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 1 flows from the four-way switching valve 2 via the conduit 4 to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 After entering the heat and exchanging heat with the outside air, it passes through the expansion valve 10 and passes through the indoor heat exchanger 9.
After exchanging heat with the indoor air to absorb heat, the conduit 6 to the low-pressure conduit 5
And returns to the compressor 1 for circulation. Thereby, the room is cooled.

[0005]

As described above, the four-way switching valve is a valve that switches between cooling and heating by switching the flow of the fluid on the high pressure side and the low pressure side. The flow on the high pressure side and the flow on the low pressure side are as follows. Since the valve body 7 is configured to be shut off by the valve body 7 in the valve body, the valve body 7 is directly exposed to the high-pressure side fluid and the low-pressure side fluid. Therefore, the valve element 7
The material, shape, thickness, etc. of the four-way switching valve greatly affect the flow rate and heat loss on the high and low pressure sides.

The material of the valve body 7 is desirably a material having a low thermal conductivity. Generally, resins and ceramics such as 66 nylon and Teflon (registered trademark) are used as the material for the valve body. Comparing the thermal conductivity of ceramic, 66 nylon and Teflon, the thermal conductivity of 66 nylon and Teflon is lower than that of ceramic. Some resin materials, such as polystyrene, have a lower thermal conductivity than 66 nylon or Teflon. However, considering the function as a valve, usable materials are limited. Have similar thermal conductivities, and it is difficult to cope with the material.

Regarding the shape, thickness, etc., if the thickness of the valve body is increased and the heat loss is reduced, the flow rate is restricted, and the thickness cannot be greatly increased. If the thickness is increased so as not to affect the flow rate, the effect of reducing heat loss cannot be obtained.

Further, focusing on only the efficiency of either heating or cooling, the position of the high pressure side pipe 3 is changed as shown in FIG. 7, and a linear flow as shown by an arrow A in FIG. There is a valve in which the pressure loss on the high pressure side is reduced.
In the position as in (a), the pressure loss on the high pressure side is reduced, and at the same time, the fluid on the high pressure side does not directly hit the valve 7 (from a position close to directly above), and the heat loss is also reduced.

However, when the valve element 7 is in the reverse position as shown in FIG. 7B, the flow on the high pressure side becomes as shown by the arrow B, the flow rate on the high pressure side is greatly reduced, and the pressure loss increases.
The fluid on the high-pressure side directly hits the valve body 7, and the heat loss also increases. At the position where the fluid directly hits, there is a case in which a cover or the like is attached to prevent heat loss, but the flow rate on the high pressure side is further reduced, and an extreme cover cannot be attached.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has as its object to realize a high-efficiency four-way switching valve capable of reducing pressure loss and heat loss on the high and low pressure sides.

[0011]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high-efficiency four-way switching valve comprising: a tubular valve body having both ends closed; a valve seat provided inside the valve body; The valve seat 21
, Two conduits 22 and 24 and one low-pressure conduit 23 provided in a row, a valve element 26 slidably provided on the valve seat 21, and a valve body 26 facing the valve seat 21. A high-pressure conduit 25 provided on the wall of the valve body 20. The high-pressure conduit 25 is formed in two branches, and the two high-pressure conduits 25a and 25b are divided into two branches. Conduit 2
2 and 24 are disposed on the valve body 20 so as to face the two high-pressure conduits 25 at all times.
a, means for shielding either one of 25a and 25b is provided. By adopting this configuration, the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid discharged from the high-pressure conduit can be linearly flowed to the opposed conduit, so that the pressure loss of the fluid can be reduced.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention relates to the high-pressure conduit 25a,
Means for shielding any one of the valve bodies 25b
6 is characterized in that the thickness is increased. Claim 3
Is characterized in that a means for shielding one of the high-pressure conduits 25a and 25b is provided with a cover 27 on the valve body 26. By adopting this configuration, the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid discharged from the high-pressure conduit can be linearly flowed to the opposed conduit, and the heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure fluid is conducted from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side of the valve body. And heat loss can be reduced.

Further, the fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the low pressure side space of the valve body 26 is enlarged to reduce the pressure loss on the low pressure side. With this configuration, the fluid resistance on the low pressure side can be reduced.

[0014]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a high-efficiency four-way switching valve according to the present invention. In the figure, 2
Reference numeral 0 denotes a valve body, and the valve body 20 has a cylindrical shape with both ends closed, and a valve seat 21 having one surface 21a is provided in the inside thereof. The valve seat 21 has two conduits 2.
2 and 24 and one low-pressure conduit 23 disposed therebetween.
Are provided in a line.

A high pressure conduit 25 is provided on a wall of the valve body 20 facing the valve seat 21. The high-pressure conduit 25 is formed into two branches 25a and 25b, and each of the two branches is connected to a high-pressure port 22, 2 of the valve seat 21.
4 and open.

A valve 26 is provided between the valve seat 21 and a wall facing the valve seat 21 so as to slide on the valve seat 21 by driving means (not shown). The valve body 26 has an arch shape and communicates the conduit 22 and the low-pressure conduit 23 in the figure. However, if the valve 26 is slid in the direction of arrow A and positioned to the right of the valve seat 21, the low-pressure conduit 23 And the conduit 24. A thick portion 26a is formed on the upper portion of the valve body 26, and projecting portions 26b as means for shielding the high-pressure conduit are formed at both ends. The overhang portion 26b closes one high-pressure conduit 25a in the figure, but if the valve body 26 is slid in the direction of arrow A and positioned to the right of the valve seat 11, the overhang portion 26b will be on the other side. Of the high pressure conduit 25b.

In this embodiment constructed as described above, when the valve body 26 is located on the left side as shown in FIG. 2A, one of the high-pressure conduits 25a, which is divided into two branches of the high-pressure conduit 25, is tensioned. The flow which is shielded by the outlet 25b and exits from the other high-pressure conduit 25b can go straight to the conduit 24 as shown by the arrow B. Therefore, pressure loss is reduced, and at the same time, heat loss is also reduced because the refrigerant does not directly hit the valve body 26.

When the valve body 26 is located to the right as shown in FIG. 2B, the high-pressure conduit 25b is shielded by the overhang 26b, and the flow coming out of the high-pressure conduit 25a is as shown by arrow C. Go straight to conduit 22. Accordingly, the pressure loss is reduced and the heat loss is reduced at the same time as in the case of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shape of the valve body 26 is different, and the other points are the same. The feature of this embodiment is that the wall thickness is increased as shown in the figure while the valve body 26 has the function of a shielding means for shielding the high-pressure conduit.

The operation of the embodiment constructed as described above will be described below. In the first embodiment described above, the valve 26 is directly connected to the valve 26 in any of the heating and cooling states.
Although the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is hit and heat loss occurs due to heat conduction to the low-pressure side, in the present embodiment, the heat conduction to the low-pressure side is reduced by increasing the wall pressure of the valve body 26 to reduce heat loss. be able to.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are views showing a third embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve according to the present invention. The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a cover is provided on the valve body 26, and the other points are the same. That is, in the present embodiment, a cover 27 is provided on the upper portion of the valve body 26 in order to reduce the heat loss of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant that hits the valve body 26. Space 2 between
7a, the one shown in FIG. 2 (b) has a space 27a between the valve body 26 and a space 27b in the cover. In the present embodiment configured as described above, heat conduction can be prevented by the cover 27 and the space formed by the cover, and heat loss can be reduced.

FIG. 5B is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention. This embodiment is the first
The difference from this embodiment is that the shape of the valve body 26 is changed, and the other is the same. In this embodiment, since the high pressure conduit 25 is bifurcated, the space above the valve body 26 can be used, and as shown in FIG.
6 is that the inner space 28 is formed larger than the conventional one (shown by a dotted line). In the present embodiment configured as described above, the resistance applied to the flow on the low pressure side can be reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced.

[0023]

According to the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention, the pressure loss on the high pressure side and the low pressure side can be reduced, and the heat loss can be reduced. Further, when this effect is used for a cooling and heating device, the same effect can be obtained in any state of heating and cooling.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a high-efficiency four-way switching valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams for explaining the operation of the first embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2A illustrates a state during heating, and FIG. 2B illustrates a state during cooling. It is.

FIG. 3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the high-efficiency four-way switching valve of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional cooling and heating device.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the flow of fluid when the position of a high-pressure conduit is changed in a conventional four-way switching valve.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Valve main body 21 ... Valve seats 22 and 24 ... Conduit 23 ... Low-pressure conduit 25, 25a, 25b ... High-pressure conduit 26 ... Valve 26a ... Thick part 26b ... Projection part 27 ... Cover 27a, 27b ... Space 28 ... Valve Inside body space

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical valve body (20) having both ends closed,
A valve seat (21) provided inside the valve body (20);
The valve seat (21) has two conduits (22,
24) and one low pressure conduit (23) and said valve seat (21)
And a high-pressure conduit (25) provided on the wall of the valve body (20) facing the valve seat (21). In the four-way switching valve, the high-pressure conduit (25) is formed in two branches,
The two high pressure conduits (25a, 25b) are connected to the two conduits (2
2, 24) are disposed on the valve body (20) so as to face each other, and the valve body (26) always shields one of the two high-pressure conduits (25a, 25b). A high-efficiency four-way switching valve characterized by including means. 2. The high-efficiency square as set forth in claim 1, wherein the means for shielding one of the high-pressure conduits (25a, 25b) has a large thickness of the valve body (26). Switching valve. 3. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the means for shielding one of the high-pressure conduits (25a, 25b) is provided with a cover (27) on the valve body (26). Efficiency four-way switching valve. 4. The high-efficiency four-way switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure side space of the valve body (26) is enlarged to reduce the pressure loss on the low-pressure side.