JP2002022132A - Method for repairing combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for repairing combustion equipment for shortening a repairing time in which an appropriate method for disposal treatment is determined according to presence/absence of a hazardous substance in an adhered matter, such as clinker, dust, or a refractory member with such a matter adhered, and an inspection for presence/absence of the hazardous matter is conducted. SOLUTION: A composition in a sample (an adhere matter) is analyzed in an X-ray analysis process S4 by an X-ray elemental analysis device, then a method for disposal treatment of an object to be disposed such as, dust, refractory, or filter cloth is determined in a disposal-treatment determination process S5, after the process S5 is carried out, a repairing process S6 is carried out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus provided with an incinerator such as a refuse incinerator, which replaces a member constituting a part thereof, or collects adhered substances attached to this member. Thus, the present invention relates to a combustion device repair method for repair.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, in a combustion device having a furnace such as a municipal waste incinerator having an incinerator, clinker adheres to the furnace and the inner wall of an exhaust passage connected to the furnace as the device is used. Clinker is a mixture of ash, vapor, dust and the like generated by burning of a substance adheres to a furnace wall or the like and solidifies and grows in a layer. Since this clinker causes various problems such as a decrease in combustion efficiency, it is necessary to periodically peel off and remove the grown clinker.

[0003] In a combustion apparatus in which bricks are used for the inner wall of a furnace, there is a case where brick replacement is performed such that after refractory bricks to which clinker is attached are demolished, the furnace is reassembled with new refractory bricks.

In a combustion device provided with a bag filter type exhaust gas device, the filter cloth of the bag filter is clogged with use, so that the filter cloth needs to be replaced periodically.

[0005] In repairing a combustion apparatus involving clinker peeling, brick replacement, or filter cloth replacement as described above, a preliminary time from the time when the fire is dropped to the time when the inside of the furnace is cooled to a workable temperature is included. It takes a considerable time to repair. During repairs, it is natural that the routine using the combustion device cannot be performed and the yield deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to shorten the repair period as much as possible. In particular, in the case of municipal solid waste incinerators, it is necessary to carry out repairs within a period in which municipal solid waste generated every day can be temporarily stocked, and a repair plan that gives priority to shortening the period is required.

[0006]

Incidentally, the clinker attached to the refractory brick and the deposit such as dust attached to the filter cloth may contain harmful substances such as heavy metals and dioxin. If a substance containing a harmful substance or a member such as a refractory brick to which the substance is attached is buried in the same final disposal site as general industrial waste, there is a risk of contaminating groundwater. For this reason, it is desired that these deposits and members be detoxified by concrete hardening treatment or the like before final disposal, or final disposal at a special final disposal site in which groundwater contamination prevention measures are taken.

However, if these are unconditionally detoxified or finally disposed of in a special final disposal site without analyzing the presence or absence of harmful substances, those which do not contain harmful substances will be wasted. Will be.

[0008] On the other hand, for such unnecessary expenses, the presence or absence of harmful substances in the above-mentioned deposits is analyzed, and if it is detected, the deposits or the members such as refractory bricks to which the deposits are attached are rendered harmless or specially added. It can be avoided by final disposal at a final disposal site.

However, when a heavy metal or dioxin is analyzed by a specialized analytical institution, it takes a long time, for example, 14 days before the result is obtained. For these analyses, atomic absorption spectrometry (AA), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (IPC-AES), gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC / MS), and the like are generally used. This is because the pretreatment for extracting the target substance from the sample into the liquid requires a long time.
The above deposits and members that may contain harmful substances cannot be discharged out of the site unnecessarily and must be stored indoors where there is no risk of contamination. Most are not. Therefore, in the method of determining the disposal method of the attached matter or the member based on the analysis result of the presence or absence of the harmful substance, the analysis takes a long time, and the repair period of the combustion device is greatly extended. Become.

The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and an object of the present invention is to provide an object such as a clinker or the above-mentioned dust, or a material such as a refractory brick to which the clinker has been adhered, in the presence of a harmful substance. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion device repair method capable of determining an appropriate disposal method according to the presence or absence of a substance and reducing the extension of a repair period by inspecting for the presence of a harmful substance.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to a combustion apparatus provided with a furnace.
In a combustion device repairing method of repairing the combustion device, the replacement process of replacing a member constituting a part thereof, or the recovery process of recovering the deposit attached to the member is performed.
An analysis step of analyzing the composition of the attached matter by an X-ray elemental analyzer and a determining step of determining a disposal method of the member or the attached matter based on the analysis result are performed.

In this method of repairing a combustion apparatus, the X-ray elemental analyzer removes the attached matter from the X-ray elemental analyzer without performing a pretreatment of extracting a harmful substance into a liquid with respect to the attached matter such as a refractory brick or a filter cloth. The harmful substance or the specific element constituting the harmful substance is detected in a very short time, such as several minutes, based on the X-rays irradiated to the substrate. Then, based on the result of the analysis in such a very short time, a method of disposing of the member to which the attached matter is attached or the attached matter itself (hereinafter, referred to as attached matter) is determined. In such a configuration, when a predetermined amount or more of a harmful substance or a specific element constituting the harmful substance is detected, a waste treatment method for detoxifying attached matter or the like and finally disposing at a special final disposal site. Is determined, and if it is not detected, an appropriate waste disposal method can be determined according to the presence or absence of harmful substances in the attached matter, such as determining a general waste disposal method. Further, since the presence or absence of harmful substances in the deposit can be inspected in a very short time, the extension of the repair period by the inspection can be greatly reduced.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for repairing a combustion device according to the first aspect, wherein the member is an inner wall member constituting an inner wall of the furnace or an exhaust passage connected to the furnace. It is.

In this method of repairing a combustion apparatus, appropriate disposal of the inner wall member and the clinker itself is performed according to the presence or absence of harmful substances in the clinker attached to the inner wall member such as a refractory brick constituting the inner wall of the furnace or the exhaust passage. A method can be determined.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the method for repairing a combustion device according to the first aspect, wherein the member is a filter medium for filtering exhaust gas from the furnace.

In this combustion apparatus repair method, an appropriate disposal method for the filter medium and the dust itself can be determined according to the presence or absence of harmful substances in the dust attached to the filter medium such as a filter cloth for a bag filter.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the method for repairing a combustion apparatus according to the first, second or third aspect, when a predetermined amount or more of a harmful substance is detected in the analysis step, the member or the attached substance is rendered harmless. The detoxification process is carried out after the final disposal.

In the method for repairing a combustion apparatus, "to make it harmless" means to perform a treatment for suppressing contamination of groundwater at a final disposal site. In this method of repairing combustion equipment, members such as refractory bricks containing harmful substances and debris attached thereto are rendered harmless and finally disposed of, so that appropriate disposal treatment that does not contaminate groundwater can be performed. Can be applied to

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the method for repairing a combustion device according to the fourth aspect, a concrete solidification method is used as a method for rendering the above-mentioned members or deposits harmless.

In this method of repairing a combustion apparatus, members such as refractory bricks containing harmful substances and deposits adhering thereto are solidified in concrete to prevent harmful substances from being eluted therefrom and to be disposed at a final disposal site. Groundwater pollution can be avoided.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method for repairing a combustion apparatus according to the first, second or third aspect, if a predetermined amount or more of a harmful substance is detected in the analysis step, the final measures taken to prevent groundwater contamination are taken. The above-mentioned member or the above-mentioned attached matter is finally disposed of at a disposal site.

In this method of repairing a combustion apparatus, groundwater is finally disposed of at a final disposal site in which groundwater contamination prevention measures are taken, such as refractory bricks and other materials containing harmful substances and the substances attached thereto. Appropriate disposal that does not contaminate the member or the attached matter can be performed.

[0023]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As a preferred embodiment of a method for repairing a combustion apparatus to which the present invention is applied, a method for repairing a municipal waste incineration plant equipped with a waste incinerator (hereinafter simply referred to as "repair method") will be described below.

First, before describing the repair method according to the present embodiment, a conventional municipal waste incineration plant to be repaired will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of a conventional municipal solid waste incineration plant. In the figure, the municipal solid waste incineration plant has a waste pit 100, a waste crane 101, and an incinerator 1.
02, a quenching reaction tower 103, a filter device 104, a blower 105, a chimney 106, a first conveyor 107, a second conveyor 108, an ash pit 109 and the like.

The garbage pit 100 is a garbage truck 11
The garbage 111 collected by 0 is temporarily stored.

The above-mentioned waste crane 101 has a waste pit 1
The garbage 111 stored in the incinerator 102 is lifted and transported to the incinerator 102.

As is well known, the incinerator 102 has a furnace body 112, a refuse hopper 113, a stoker 114, and the like, and incinerates the refuse 111. In the illustrated example, a step stoker is provided as the stoker 114, which is composed of a drying stoker 114a and a combustion stoker 114b. Garbage hopper 11
The refuse 111 put in 3 is dried on the drying stoker 114a, then moves to the combustion stoker 114b and burns, and is discharged into the second conveyor 108 as complete incinerated ash 115.

The furnace main body 112 is mainly made of a refractory brick having excellent corrosion resistance so as to withstand corrosive gas such as hydrochloric acid gas and chlorine gas generated by combustion of the refuse 111.

The incineration ash 1 dropped from the stoker 114
15 is picked up by the first conveyor 107 and transported to the second conveyor 108.

[0030] The second conveyor 108 is provided with the incineration ash 11 discharged from the incinerator 102 through the combustion stoker 114b.
5 and the incinerated ash 115 conveyed by the first conveyor 107 is received and sent to the ash pit 109.

The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of the refuse 111 in the incinerator 102 is sent to the quenching reaction tower 103 through the combustion chamber 116. And where
After being cooled by spraying water to a temperature at which the filter device 104 is not hindered, and neutralized by adding hydrochloric acid or the like to the hydrochloric acid gas or the sulfur oxidizing gas, it is sent to the filter device 104.

The combustion exhaust gas sent to the filter device 104 passes through a bag filter (not shown) to remove dust, and is then discharged to the atmosphere via the blower 105 and the chimney 106.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a bag filter provided in the filter device 104. As shown in FIG. In the figure, the bag filter 117 includes a filter cloth 117a made of Teflon (registered trademark) or the like and a porous tube 117b covered with the filter cloth 117a. The arrows in the figure indicate the flow of the combustion exhaust gas, and the combustion exhaust gas sent from the quenching reaction tower 103 in FIG. 3 passes through the filter cloth 117a from the inside of the porous tube 117b through a not-shown hole. Then, dust is removed. A large number of such bag filters 117 are provided in the filter device 104 of FIG. 3, and the combustion exhaust gas is sent to the outside of the device via at least one bag filter 117.

As described above, clinker adheres to the inner wall of the furnace body 112 of the incinerator 102, but the next new clinker is more likely to adhere to the clinker surface.
Therefore, the clinker grows in layers on the inner wall, and gradually protrudes from the furnace side wall onto the inclined surface of the stoker 114. When the overhanging clinker begins to obstruct the flow of dust sliding on the stoker 114, the stoker 114
As a result, the effective burning area of the incinerator 102 decreases. Therefore, in the incinerator 102, it is necessary to remove the clinker periodically and remove it.

The clinker also grows on the inner wall of the quenching reaction tower 103 which is a part of the exhaust path. The grown clinker is separated from the inner wall and causes various problems such as clogging of a water supply pipe and a water distribution pipe.
Also in 03, it is necessary to remove the clinker periodically and remove it.

On the other hand, the refractory bricks constituting the furnace body 112 need to be broken down and replaced with the end of their service life.

On the other hand, the filter cloth 117a of the bag filter 117 becomes clogged with use and needs to be periodically replaced.

The repair method according to the present embodiment performs such clinker filing work, refractory brick replacement work, and filter cloth replacement work (hereinafter simply referred to collectively as work).

Next, a repair method according to this embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a work flow of the repair method. In this repair method, as shown in the drawing, first, a furnace is fired and then a cooling step S1 is performed in which the inside of the repair work place (fast furnace, quenching reaction tower or filter device) is cooled to a workable temperature. Then, a sampling step S2 for entering the repair work place and sampling the clinker attached to the refractory brick and the dust attached to the filter cloth is performed as necessary. The execution of the sampling step S2 is determined based on the determination as to whether or not sampling of the sample is possible. Specifically, when the clinker attached to the refractory brick can be peeled off or the sample can be sampled by hitting a filter cloth to remove dust, the sampling step S2 is performed, and when sampling is difficult, Then, the analyzer carrying-in step S3 for carrying the X-ray analyzer into the repair work place is performed, and the fixed firebrick or filter cloth itself is used as a sample.

Next, after performing an X-ray analysis step S4 for analyzing the composition in the obtained sample by an X-ray elemental analyzer, clinker to be discarded is determined based on the analysis result.
A disposal method determination step S5 for determining a disposal method for dust, refractory bricks or filter cloth is performed. In the disposal processing determining step S5, a special processing method is determined when a predetermined amount or more of harmful substances is detected from the sample, and a general processing method is determined when no harmful substance is detected. Then, a repairing process S6 for performing a repairing work by exchanging a refractory brick or a filter cloth or performing a collecting operation for removing and recovering the clinker, and a special processing process S7 for discarding a disposal target by a special treatment or a general process The general processing step S8 of discarding by processing is performed.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a configuration of a main part of an X-ray element analyzer used in the repair method. In the figure, X
The X-ray element analyzer 1 includes an X-ray generation unit 2, an X-ray aiming unit 3, a spectral crystal 4, a unique X-ray detection unit 5, a wavelength analysis unit 6, a computer 7, and the like.

The X-ray generator 2 generates X-rays and irradiates the sample 8 by accelerating thermoelectrons emitted from the tungsten filament maintained at a high negative potential and causing them to collide with a counter electrode. . Each atom in the sample 8 irradiated with the X-rays emits electrons excited by the irradiation to the outside of the atoms, and when a high-energy electron transitions to its vacancy, the fluorescent X-ray having a wavelength specific to the atom is emitted. Scatter lines. After a plurality of fluorescent X-rays corresponding to each atom are focused through an X-ray aiming unit 3 such as a collimator, the fluorescent X-rays are separated for each unique X-ray by a spectral crystal 4 and sent to a unique X-ray detecting unit 5. . Each unique X-ray detected by this unique X-ray detection unit 5
The line is converted into a predetermined electric signal and output to the wavelength analyzer 6, where the wavelength is analyzed. The analysis result is sent to the computer 7, where each atom and a molecule constituted by the atom are identified.

The harmful substances detected by the analysis include:
Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, T
i, Zn, Fe, Cr, As, S, SiO ₂ , Ti
O ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , MgO, Na ₂ O, P ₂ O ₅ , Mn
O, CaO, K ₂ O, Cl contained in dioxin, and the like.

As the special treatment carried out in the special treatment step S7, there is a method of detoxifying clinker, dust, refractory brick or filter cloth to be discarded by a cement solidification treatment or a treatment for producing an insoluble heavy metal, followed by final disposal. ,
It is desirable to adopt one of the final disposal methods as specially managed industrial waste. Here, the cement solidification process is a process of obtaining a harmless disposal target that does not elute harmful substances by pulverizing the disposal target, mixing it with cement and aggregate, water, etc. and solidifying it. . Also,
The insoluble heavy metal generation process is a process of pulverizing an object to be discarded and then mixing a liquid chelate with water to convert soluble heavy metal in the object to be discarded into insoluble heavy metal. Specially-managed industrial waste is waste that should be disposed of at a final disposal site where groundwater pollution control measures have been taken.

The filter cloth may be incinerated as a special treatment, and the incinerated ash generated by the incineration may be treated as specially controlled industrial waste.

In the above configuration, the dust adhering to the clinker and the filter cloth can be determined based on the X-rays irradiated from the X-ray elemental analyzer 1 to the dust without performing a pretreatment such as extracting harmful substances into the liquid. Detects harmful substances or specific elements that constitute them in a very short time. Then, based on the detection result, the disposal target containing the harmful substance is detoxified and finally disposed of, so that an appropriate disposal treatment that does not contaminate the groundwater can be performed on the disposal target. Also, based on the detection results, the disposal target that does not contain harmful substances should be disposed of by general treatment, such as disposal as industrial waste, thereby avoiding unnecessary expenses caused by disposal by special treatment. Can be. Further, by analyzing the presence or absence of harmful substances by the X-ray elemental analyzer 1 in a very short time, the extension of the repair period due to the analysis can be greatly reduced.

[0047]

According to the first, second, third, fourth or fifth aspect of the present invention, depending on the presence or absence of harmful substances in the attached matter, appropriate disposal of the attached matter or a member such as a refractory brick to which the attached matter is attached. The method has an excellent effect that the method can be determined and the extension of the repair period due to the inspection can be greatly reduced.

In particular, according to the second aspect of the present invention, there is an excellent effect that it is possible to determine an appropriate disposal method of the inner wall member such as a refractory brick or the clinker itself according to the presence or absence of a harmful substance in the clinker. is there.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, an appropriate disposal method of the filter medium and the dust itself is determined according to the presence or absence of harmful substances in the dust adhered to the filter medium such as a filter cloth for a bag filter. There is an excellent effect that you can.

In particular, according to the fourth, fifth or sixth aspect of the present invention, a proper disposal treatment that does not contaminate groundwater is performed on a member such as a refractory brick containing a harmful substance or a substance attached to the member. There is an excellent effect that it can be done.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the harmful substances are prevented from being eluted from the refractory bricks or other members containing the harmful substances and the deposits adhering thereto by solidifying concrete. There is an excellent effect that contamination of groundwater at the final disposal site can be avoided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a work flow of a repair method according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram showing a main configuration of an X-ray element analyzer used in the repair method.

FIG. 3 is a schematic system diagram of a conventional municipal solid waste incineration plant.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a bag filter provided in the filter device of the municipal solid waste incineration plant.

[Description of Signs] 1 X-ray elemental analyzer 102 incinerator (furnace) 103 quenching reaction tower (exhaust passage) 117a filter cloth (filter medium) S1 cooling step S2 sampling step S3 analyzer loading step S4 X-ray analyzing step (analyzing step) S5 Disposal process decision process (decision process) S6 Repair process (replacement process or recovery process) S7 Special waste process (detoxification process) S8 General waste process

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F27D 23/02 G01N 1/04 X 4K056 // G01N 1/04 F 23/223 23/223 B09B 3/00 ZAB F-term (reference) 2G001 AA01 BA04 CA01 EA01 GA01 KA01 LA02 NA06 NA07 NA08 NA10 NA11 NA13 NA17 SA02 3K062 AA24 AB01 AC20 CA00 3K065 AA24 AB01 AC20 BA05 4D004 AA16 AB03 CA45 CC13 4K051 AA00 A034K01

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A combustion apparatus provided with a furnace is subjected to an exchange step of exchanging a member constituting a part of the combustion apparatus or a recovery step of collecting adhering substances adhered to the member. In the method for repairing a combustion device for repairing a fuel cell, an analysis step of analyzing the composition of the deposit by an X-ray elemental analyzer and a determining step of determining a disposal method of the member or the deposit based on the analysis result are performed. A method for repairing a combustion device, comprising: 2. The method for repairing a combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the member is an inner wall member constituting an inner wall of the furnace or an exhaust passage connected to the furnace. 3. The method for repairing a combustion device according to claim 1, wherein said member is a filter medium for filtering exhaust gas from said furnace. 4. A method for repairing a combustion apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein when a predetermined amount or more of a harmful substance is detected in said analysis step, said member or attached matter is rendered harmless and then finally disposed of. A method for repairing a combustion device, comprising performing a detoxification process. 5. A method for repairing a combustion device according to claim 4, wherein a concrete solidification treatment method is used as a method for rendering said member or attached matter harmless. 6. The method for repairing a combustion device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein when a predetermined amount or more of harmful substances is detected in the analysis step, the method is carried out at a final disposal site where groundwater contamination prevention measures are taken. A method for repairing a combustion device, comprising finally disposing of the member or the deposit.