JP2002021279A - Built-up stair - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide built-up stairs capable of reducing a construction period of time for a reinforced concrete structure and facilitating the repair of them. SOLUTION: Main constituent members are constituted of one or more main girders 2 consisting of corrosion resisting materials, a plurality of treads 3, a plurality of struts 4 and a coping 5, the built-up stairs are constituted of a plurality of corrosion resisting parts 8 for fixing the treads 3 to the main girder 2, a plurality of corrosion resisting parts 9 for fixing the struts 4 to the main girder 2 or treads 3, a plurality of corrosion resisting parts 10 for fixing the coping 5 to the struts 4, a plurality of corrosion resisting parts 11 for fixing the main girder 2 to a floor board and a plurality of corrosion resisting bolts, and after the constituent parts are separately conveyed to a construction site, the main girder 2 is fixed to the floor board, the treads 3 and struts 4 are successively assembled to the fixed main girder 2 and the coping 5 is assembled to the struts 4 to constitute the built-up stairs.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete multi-story underground structure installed deep underground, such as a special manhole provided at a junction of a large sewer main line. About stairs.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a large underground structure provided at a junction point of a sewer main line has a multi-layer structure, and a manhole for people to enter and exit for a sewer inspection is provided on the top floor between the ground and the ground. The underground structure has a structure that uses a stairway installed between floors to move between floors.

[0003] Stairs installed in such underground structures are generally made of reinforced concrete (hereinafter abbreviated as RC).
Stairs will be installed. In order to install RC stairs, many construction steps such as formwork, reinforcing arrangement work, concrete placement work, curing work, formwork dismantling work, and finishing work are required. Therefore, it is not possible to proceed to the next step until the hardening and curing of the concrete are completed, and the stair construction is the rate-limiting during the entire construction. For example, in a structure having a depth of more than 30 m, if the interval between floor plates on each floor is 2.5 m, the number of steps is 1
Approximately 0 units are required, requiring enormous labor, man-hours, and construction time.

[0004] In order to save this trouble, a stair is made in advance of a metal such as stainless steel or iron, carried into the site and fixed at a predetermined position. In this case, the labor and man-hours required for the stairs installation work and the construction time itself are reduced, but an opening must be provided in the ceiling or floorboard of the structure to carry the previously created stairs to the stairs installation site. Rather, since the work to close the opening of the ceiling and floorboards after the stairs installation work is performed, the effect of shortening the construction period in the whole work is not so large.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a staircase which can shorten the construction period of an RC structure and can be easily repaired.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an assembling staircase (invention 1) in which at least one main component is made of at least one corrosion-resistant material. A girder, a plurality of treads made of a corrosion-resistant material fixed to the main girder, a plurality of struts made of a corrosion-resistant material fixed to the main girder or tread, and at least one or more cogs made of a corrosion-resistant material fixed to the strut. An assembly part used for assembling these constituent members includes at least a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the tread plate to the main girder, and a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the strut to the main girder or tread plate. And a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the main girder to the floorboard, and a plurality of corrosion-resistant bolts. It is made possible to assemble stairs by using stand-up parts, and after carrying each component separately to the construction site, the main girder is fixed to the floor plate, the tread plate and the support are sequentially assembled to the fixed main girder, It is a prefabricated staircase characterized by the fact that a cap is assembled to a support.

The prefabricated staircase (invention 2) according to claim 2 is
A plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the treads to the main girder and / or a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the struts to the main girder or the treads, and / or a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the main girder to the floor board. A prefabricated staircase according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing to the main girder and for fixing the coping to the support are fixed to the support or coping.

The prefabricated staircase (invention 3) according to claim 3 is
The corrosion-resistant material is a fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin, a corrosion-resistant aluminum or aluminum alloy, or a composite material combining these, and the material of the corrosion-resistant component is a fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin, a corrosion-resistant aluminum or aluminum. It is an assembly-type staircase of Invention 1 or Invention 2, characterized by being an alloy, stainless steel, or a composite material combining these.

The prefabricated staircase according to the fourth aspect (Invention 4) is:
Inventions 1 to 3 characterized in that the main girder and the step board, and / or the main girder and the support, and / or the support and the coping are assembled by bolts or plug-ins or a combination of bolts and plugs. It is an assembly staircase.

[0010] The prefabricated staircase (invention 5) according to claim 5 is provided as follows.
The assembling staircase according to Invention 4, wherein a bolt hole provided in the tread plate for attaching the tread plate to the main girder is a long hole elongated in a direction perpendicular to the main girder after assembly.

[0011] The prefabricated staircase (invention 6) according to claim 6 is as follows.
It is the assembly type staircase of invention 1 thru | or invention 5 characterized in that both surfaces of the tread plate are non-slip processing.

[0012] The prefabricated staircase according to claim 7 (invention 7) is a
A prefabricated staircase according to any one of Inventions 1 to 6, characterized in that a diagonal member for preventing a rhombic shape composed of a main girder, a support, and a coping from being deformed is attached.

[0013] The prefabricated staircase according to claim 8 (invention 8) is a
Invention 1 to Invention, which are installed inside a reinforced concrete underground structure provided at a junction point of a sewer and each component is large enough to pass through a manhole provided for entering and exiting the underground structure. 7 is an assembly type staircase.

[0014] The invention 1 provides at least one or more main girders made of a corrosion-resistant material, a plurality of treads made of a corrosion-resistant material, a plurality of columns made of a corrosion-resistant material, and at least one or more hems made of a corrosion-resistant material. A plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for mounting the pillars, a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for mounting the treads, a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the sash to the pillars, and the corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the main girder to the floor board are corrosion-resistant bolts. The stairs are assembled with the stairs.

Of these components, the one with the largest size per one is the main girder and not the assembled staircase, so it can be carried in using a narrow space such as the No. 1 manhole. After the main girder is fixed to the floor plate, the stairs constituting members are assembled on site by tightening bolts or the like with a spanner to form stairs.

The main girder plays a role of supporting the total load of the stairs which are obliquely mounted between the floor plate on the upper floor and the floor plate on this floor, and high bending strength is required. Therefore, usually, a columnar body having a rectangular or H-shaped or C-shaped channel in cross section is used singly, or a beam (also referred to as a stringer) which is formed by joining a plurality of members and is substantially integrated is used. Can be

The main girder is provided with a tread plate and a handrail composed of a column and a support, and the upper and lower ends of the main girder are fixed to respective floor boards. The shape of the mounting component is manufactured in accordance with the shape of the member to be mounted, but usually, the stair component is often a pillar having a rectangular cross section. A tubular body having a cross section similar to the cross section of the component of the staircase is often used.

A general method may be used to fix these mounting parts to the main girder. For example, a method of bolting the parts to the main girder, a method of bonding, a fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin. A method of coating and joining may be used.

In the case where the mounting method is, for example, a bolt, a through hole suitable for the bolt to be used is provided on the joint surface of the step component. Preferably, a nut adapted to the bolt is fixed on the opposite side of the joint abutment surface of the step component,
Since fewer parts are required during the assembly work, the assembly is further facilitated. In addition, when the mounting method is a so-called plug-in type in which the female receptacle and the male insertion tool are nested and fitted to each other, a spanner or the like for fastening bolts is not required, so that mounting is facilitated. .

The mounting component and the staircase component to be mounted are, for example, "up" on their contact surfaces.
If the same symbols or characters such as “bottom”, “right”, “left”, “1”, “2”, etc. are described, or if the same color is painted, it is convenient because reliable assembling work can be easily performed.

As described above, the main girder, the plurality of treads, the columns, and the caps are prepared as individual unit members.
After each component is separately brought into the construction site, the main girder is first fixed to the floorboard, and each component is assembled at the site to form a staircase.These staircase components and mounting parts are installed. The atmosphere may be high in humidity, and depending on the case, the concentration of gases such as ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and methane may be high. Therefore, the gas must have high strength, but must be made of a material having corrosion resistance. It is.

The largest one of the stair components is the main girder. The length of the main girder is, for example, when the distance between the floor plates on which the stairs are installed is 3 m and the stair angle is 45 degrees from the horizontal plane. For example, when the material is a main girder formed by joining two square prisms each having a thickness of 5 mm and a cross section of 100 mm square, the unit length is, for example, about 4.5 m. Since the weight per unit is about 14 kg / m, the total weight is about 63 kg, so that it can be moved manually without using a crane or the like. Therefore, these components can be carried into the installation site only by human power and have a small minimum width, so that they can be carried in using a narrow space such as the first manhole.

In the second invention, a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for mounting a support, a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for mounting a tread,
The corrosion-resistant component for fixing the main girder to the floorboard is a component member that is entirely or partially attached to the main girder side in advance and fixed, or conversely, fixed to the attached member side. It is a prefabricated staircase. In this case, it is possible to reduce the types of members and components brought to the installation site, and the members can be easily aligned at the time of assembly, so that the installation work is further facilitated.

As mentioned above, the main girder, the plurality of treads, the struts and the bridges, and the attachment parts fixed to the main girder, which are the staircase constituent members, need to have corrosion resistance and strength as described above. For this purpose, as in invention 3, the material of the mounting component may be fiber reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin, corrosion-resistant aluminum or aluminum alloy, or stainless steel, etc. As, fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin, corrosion-resistant aluminum or aluminum alloy,
Or, a composite material or the like obtained by combining them is most suitable.

As the material of the fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin, general-purpose materials can be applied. For example, as a reinforcing fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, drawn plastic fiber, liquid crystal plastic fiber, boron fiber and the like are used. Examples of the thermosetting synthetic resin include polyester, epoxy resin, and polyurethane. The reinforcing fiber and the thermosetting synthetic resin may be compounded and molded by a usual method.

As in the invention 4, the method of assembling the main girder and the tread plate and / or the main girder and the strut and / or the strut and the coping is a bolt or a plug-in type, or a bolt and a plug-in type. Either combination method is suitable. In other words, if the mounting method is a bolt type, reliable fixing can be expected,
When the mounting method is a so-called plug-in type in which the female receptacle and the male insertion tool are nested and fitted, a wrench or the like for fastening bolts is not required, so that the mounting becomes easy. In the case of the plug-in type, bolt fixing is not always necessary, but when the insertion margin between the female receptacle and the male receptacle cannot be taken long enough, or when secure fixing is required The bolt may be used together with the insertion portion.

Further, when the bolt holes provided on the tread plate for attaching the tread plate to the main girder are elongated holes perpendicular to the assembled main girder as in the invention 5, for example, two bolt holes are provided. If the main girder is used as a staircase, the footboard can be fixed to the main girder even if the spacing between the main girder is slightly different depending on the location, and the workability at the site becomes good, It will be easier.

Also, as in the invention 6, if both sides of the tread are non-slip processed, even if the non-slip processing of the tread of the tread is worn out due to long-term use, the tread is removed, turned over and fixed again. Thus, an unused anti-slip surface can be used. That is, easy repair work is possible because the stairs are of an assembling type.

As in the invention 7, when a diagonal member composed of a main girder, a support, and a cap is attached so as not to deform the rhombus, the rigidity and strength of the handrail of the assembling stairs are improved, and The stairs can be used safely with little deformation of the stairs during use.

The present assembling staircase has a structure in which the staircase is divided into staircase constituent members as in Inventions 1 to 7, and is made of a lightweight and highly corrosion-resistant material such as a fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin. In addition, the individual components and parts are sized so that they can pass through manholes provided for entering and exiting the underground structure, and are easy to assemble. Suitable for installation inside reinforced concrete underground structures.

(Operation) Since the stairs are of an assembling type and the stair components can pass through a narrow space which is light in weight, it is possible to assemble the stairs by bringing the members and parts to the site. There is no need to keep the floorboard wide open throughout. In addition, since the parts for mounting the staircase components are mounted on the members in advance and carried in, the on-site assembly is easy. Furthermore, if the assembling method is a plug-in type, the use of bolts is small, so that the construction is further facilitated.

When the bolt holes provided on the tread plate for attaching to the main girder are long holes, for example, when two main girders are used to form a stair, the gap between the main girder is slightly shifted. Even stairs can be assembled. Also, by using diagonal materials between the columns, the strength of the handrail is improved, and the stairs can be used for many years.

Further, since the main staircase constituent members and mounting parts are made of fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin or stainless steel having excellent corrosion resistance, aluminum subjected to corrosion resistance, etc., for example, they are provided at a junction point of a large sewer main line. It is suitable for stairs installed inside a RC structure or the like as described below.

[0034]

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. It is needless to say that the explanatory diagrams used for the description are merely examples and not all.

As a typical example for explaining the assembling staircase of the present invention, FIG. 1 shows an arrangement development view of main components of an assembling type staircase of an assembling method in which stair components are fixed with bolts. 2 is an upper perspective view of the assembled staircase, FIG. 3 is a lower perspective view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a side view of the assembled staircase.

The prefabricated staircase 1 includes a main girder 2 made of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin (hereinafter referred to as FRP).
2 ', step plate 3, support column 4, cap 5,5', diagonal 6, reinforcement 7, stainless steel step plate fixing component 8, support column fixing component 9, cap fixing component 10, main girder fixing component 11, 11 '
It is composed of

In this embodiment, the main girders 2 and 2 'are square pipes 2 each having a sectional thickness of 5 mm and a side length of 100 mm.
Approximately 1 unit-length weight, which is formed by joining books together
It is a columnar body of 4 kg / m. Floor 1 of main floor of main girder 2, 2 '
The end surface fixed to 2 is a surface parallel to the floor plate surface 12, and the end surface fixed to the upper floor plate 13 is an oblique surface so as to abut the cross section of the floor plate 13.

The main girder 2 is provided with a required number of through holes for fixing the parts 8 and 9 for mounting the tread plate 3 and the support 4 at predetermined locations. At both ends of the main girder, fixing parts 1 for fixing the main girder 2 to the floorboard are provided.
A through hole is provided for attaching 1, 11 '. Further, if necessary, through holes for attaching the diagonal members 6 and the reinforcing members 7, 7 'are provided. Also, if nuts suitable for bolts used for assembly are fixed and attached in advance to these through holes, the number of members that need to be brought in at the time of assembly work can be reduced and work can be facilitated. May be.

The step board 3 is for a person to pass by stepping on the board, and its cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited, and may be the same as that of a normal step board of a staircase.
A rectangular plate-like body (see FIG. 5A) or an L-shaped cross section (FIG. 5A)
(B)). If the step board of FIG. 5B is assembled in a state where one end of the L-shape is bent upward from the step board, there is less possibility that the toe will step over the step board when stepping up and down and step off the step board.

The tread surface 3 is subjected to a non-slip process (not shown) by sand blowing, a non-slip tape or the like. In this example, the tread 3 has anti-slip processing on both sides.
If it is necessary to repair the anti-slip processing at a later date, it can be repaired by turning it over and using it.

In this embodiment, the through holes formed in the tread to connect the tread to the main girder are elongated holes 31 elongated in a direction perpendicular to the main girder in an assembled state. Therefore, even if the main girder is slightly bent or slightly warped during assembly, the tread plate can be securely fixed to the main girder.

The column 4 is a member constituting a handrail,
Attached to main girder 2. Usually, it is often a square pipe shape with a rectangular cross section, but it is not limited to this,
If necessary, a cross section having a shape such as a circle, an H shape, or a C shape may be used.

Since the guards 5 and 5 'place their hands on the stairs 1 when a person safely goes up and down the stairs 1, they need to be finished to a smooth surface and be firmly attached to the support columns 4. However, the shape is not particularly limited, and may be any shape as long as it is the same shape as a bonnet used for general stairs.

In the present embodiment, the diagonal members 6 are used so that the rhombus formed by the main girder 2, the adjacent columns 4, and the cap 5 is not deformed. Of course, when the stairs 1 are short or when there is no fear of deformation, they may be omitted. Since the diagonal member 6 is for resisting the stress applied to the corners of the rhombus, it must be designed to withstand the compressive force or the tensile force, and any of the general brace columns or brace bars is used. What is necessary is just to be used, and what is necessary is just to be firmly fixed to at least 2 places of the main girder 2, the support | pillar 4, and the coping 5.

In this embodiment, the reinforcing member 7 is used so that the interval between the main girders 2 and 2 'does not shift. The reinforcing member 7 is fixed with a bolt or the like (not shown) using a through hole formed in the reinforcing member 7 and a through hole formed in the main girder 2. The reinforcing member 7 does not need to be used when the stairs 1 are short or when the distance between the main girders is hard to shift.

The reinforcing member 7 'used in this embodiment
Is fixed to the support 4 between the rhombus-shaped main girder 2 and the cap 5 for the purpose of maintaining the rhombus shape. The reinforcing member 7 ′ is fixed with a bolt or the like (not shown) using a through hole formed in the reinforcing member 7 ′ and a through hole formed in the column 4. The reinforcing member 7 'not only retains the shape of the rhombus, but also plays a role of preventing a person from falling down when the size of the rhombus is large. Therefore, it does not need to be used particularly when the spacing between the columns is narrow, when the stairs are short, when the handrail height is low, and the like.

To assemble these steps,
Various fixed parts are used. Fixtures must support loads and deformation stresses in order to stably maintain the step shape and have sufficient resistance to deformation and corrosion over time and are usually made of stainless steel. Angle or a cylindrical processed product is used. Step board fixing part 8, prop fixing part 9, Kasagi fixing part 10
Are provided with through holes, and are attached and fixed with bolts or the like using the through holes formed in the abutting step component members.

Although not shown in this example, the components for attaching and fixing the reinforcing members 7 and 7 'are the same.

When the mounting method is a so-called plug-in type in which the female receiving device and the male inserting device are nested and fitted, the mounting component and the staircase component to be mounted can be either a female receiving device or a male receiving device. Although an insert may be used, it is often the case that the mounting component is usually a female receiver and the staircase component on the side to be mounted is a male insert. Of course, if there is a possibility of loosening or looseness, a mounting method using bolts or the like in combination with the plug-in mounting parts may be adopted.

The main girder fixing parts 11 and 11 ′ have a role of fixing the position of the stairs and securely fixing them to the floor plate 12 and the upper floor plate 13 for all stresses over a long period of time. Any material can be used as long as the material is excellent in strength, corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance. For example, as an example, the most preferably used materials include a stainless steel plate or an angle bent product, aluminum, an aluminum corrosion-resistant product, and a fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin. Of course, the main girder fixing parts 11 and 11 ′ are provided with through holes for fixing the stairs 1 to the floor plates 12 and 13 and through holes for fixing the main parts 11 and 11 ′ to the main girder 2. I have.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an example of the assembled staircase 1 installed inside an example of the reinforced concrete underground structure 14 provided at the junction of the large sewer main line. The sewage pipe 16 is installed at the lowermost layer. However, even if the underground structure 14 has such a deep and complicated structure and is divided into multiple floors, only the manhole 15 which is a communication hole with the ground is used for stairs. Since the members can be carried in, the members and parts can be carried into the stairs installation area and installation work can be performed on site, other construction work related to concrete placement can proceed without being affected by the progress of the stair installation work. Can be done.

In the construction of the actual underground building 14, when the floorboard construction is completed and the slab of the floorboard is removed, the assemblable stairs are set up, and other people for the construction work can be installed. Can be quickly moved up and down, so that it is easy to further shorten the construction period of the entire construction.

[0053]

As described above, since the prefabricated staircase of the present invention is composed of members made of a material having excellent corrosion resistance and high strength, each member or part can be carried in manually, and furthermore, the manhole is required. Can be transported through a narrow space like the above, so there is no need to open large openings for cranes and members required for stair construction over a long period of time, thus shortening the entire construction period. It can be greatly reduced.

Further, since the members are assembled by bolts, only a wrench is required for the tool, so that the operation is simple, and even when repair work such as replacement of a tread is required, it can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the main components of the assembled staircase of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top perspective view of the assembled staircase.

FIG. 3 is a bottom perspective view of the assembled stairs.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the assembled staircase.

FIG. 5A is a perspective view illustrating an example of a tread plate. (B) It is a perspective view which shows another example of a step board.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of stairs installed inside a reinforced concrete underground structure provided at a junction of a large sewer main line.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Assembling stairs 2 and 2 'main girder 3 tread plate 31 long hole 4 support 5, 5' kasagi 6 diagonal 7, 7 'reinforcing material 8 tread plate fixing part 9 support column fixing part 10 kasagi fixing part 11, 11' main girder fixing Parts 12 Floors on this floor 13 Floors above floor 14 Underground structure 15 Manhole 16 Sewer pipe

Claims (8)

[Claims] At least one main girder composed of at least one corrosion resistant material, a plurality of treads made of a corrosion resistant material fixed to the main girder, and a corrosion resistant material fixed to the main girder or the tread plate. Consisting of a plurality of struts, and at least one or more copings made of a corrosion-resistant material fixed to the struts, and an assembling part used for assembling these constituent members, at least for fixing the tread plate to the main girder. A plurality of corrosion-resistant parts, a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the strut to the main girder or the tread, a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the coping to the strut, and a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the main girder to the floorboard. And a plurality of corrosion-resistant bolts, each of which can be assembled using assembly components to form a staircase, and each component can be transported separately to the construction site. After assembly, the main girder is fixed to the floor panel, the step board and the support are sequentially assembled to the fixed main girder, and the coping is assembled to the support. 2. A plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the footboard to the main girder and / or a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the strut to the main girder or the footboard, and / or for fixing the main girder to the floor board. The assembly staircase according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts are fixed to the main girder, and a plurality of corrosion-resistant parts for fixing the coping to the support are fixed to the support or the coping. 3. The corrosion-resistant material is a fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin, corrosion-resistant aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or a composite material combining these, and the material of the corrosion-resistant component is a fiber-reinforced thermosetting synthetic resin; 3. The prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, wherein the prefabricated staircase is made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or a composite material obtained by combining them. 4. Main girder and footboard, and / or main girder and support,
The staircase according to claim 1, wherein the pillar and the cap are assembled by a bolt or a plug-in type or a combination of a bolt and a plug-in type. 5. 5. The assembled staircase according to claim 4, wherein the bolt hole provided in the step board for attaching the step board to the main girder is a long hole elongated in a direction perpendicular to the main girder after assembly. 6. The prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, wherein both sides of the tread are non-slip. 7. The prefabricated staircase according to claim 1, further comprising a diagonal member attached to the main girder, the strut and the coping to prevent the diamond shape from being deformed. 8. A reinforced concrete underground structure provided at a junction of a sewerage system, wherein each component is large enough to pass through a manhole provided for entering and exiting the underground structure. The staircase according to claim 1, wherein