JP2002000086A - Skylight operating mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject mechanism intended to improve ventilation efficiency. SOLUTION: This skylight operating mechanism is such that a rack 30 is fixedly set up on a skylight along the opening/closing direction, and a pinion 40 is set up so as to be engaged on the rack 30 and connected to a rotating shaft 50 connected with a driving source; thus, when the pinion 40 turns, the skylight 20 fixed onto the rack 30 moves together with the rack 30, enabling a ventilative opening furnished on a ceiling to be fully opened.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a skylight opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a skylight provided in a greenhouse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a greenhouse, a coating facility for plant cultivation,
For temperature / humidity adjustment, etc., a ventilation opening is formed on one or both sides of a ceiling bordering a purlin, and a skylight for opening and closing the ventilation opening is provided. This skylight is usually about 30 degrees from the upper end that is pivotally supported near the purlin, so that the lower end is flipped up.
It is configured to open about 45 degrees (for example,
See JP-A-8-13906).

[0003]

However, in the conventional skylight, the opening angle is limited as described above. When the skylight is opened, the skylight is ventilated at the above angle with respect to the inclined surface of the ceiling. Above the opening.
As a result, the rising skylight becomes a barrier for ventilation, and the outside air colliding with the upper surface of the skylight cannot enter the greenhouse, and the air in the greenhouse once collides with the skylight and is exhausted. It is a factor that hinders ventilation.
Therefore, there has been a demand for the development of a skylight opening / closing mechanism in which the skylight does not exist at a position where airflow is prevented when the skylight is opened.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and enables a skylight to be opened so as not to hinder the ventilation action, and to improve the ventilation efficiency of a greenhouse as compared with the related art. It is an object to provide a mechanism.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a skylight opening / closing mechanism for opening / closing a ventilation opening formed in a ceiling of a greenhouse. A skylight is provided with a rack fixed along the opening and closing direction, and a pinion that meshes with the rack and is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft connected to a drive source. Provide a skylight opening / closing mechanism. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the skylight opening / closing mechanism according to the first aspect, wherein the rack is fixed to a back surface of the skylight, and the pinion is disposed on a ceiling. According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the skylight opening / closing mechanism according to the second aspect, wherein the rack is integrally fixed to a back surface of a skylight member arranged in the opening / closing direction. I do. According to the present invention as set forth in claim 4, between a pair of pinion frames which are disposed adjacent to the respective side surfaces of the pinion and each have a protruding plate portion extending so as to protrude above the side surface of the pinion. The rollers are disposed inside the respective protruding plate portions of the respective pinion frames, and the respective rollers are disposed in the respective guide grooves formed along the longitudinal direction on the respective side surfaces of the rack. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the skylight opening / closing mechanism is engaged so as to roll along the skylight. In the present invention according to claim 5, a guide roller is provided on each side of the skylight, and each guide roller is a ceiling portion of a greenhouse, and outside of each side of the ventilation opening in plan view, The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the skylight opening / closing mechanism is provided so as to roll along respective guide rails arranged in parallel with the rack. According to the present invention as set forth in claim 6, the ventilation opening is formed adjacent to the purlin of the ceiling, and is located below the ridge wrapping plate at the time of closing, and is located on the front end side in the closing direction. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a closing member that substantially closes a gap therebetween is attached between an outer frame material of the skylight and the ridge plate. provide. In the present invention according to claim 7, a sealing member made of an elastic material is attached to at least one of the ridge plate or the outer frame material and the closing member. 6. A skylight opening / closing mechanism according to 6. In the present invention according to claim 8, the outer frame member on the rear end side in the closing direction of the skylight includes:
A closing member for substantially closing a gap between the outer frame member and a peripheral portion of the ventilation opening at the time of the closing is attached. A skylight opening and closing mechanism according to the above description. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a sealing member made of an elastic material is attached to at least one of the closing member and a peripheral portion of the ventilation opening. To provide a skylight opening and closing mechanism.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 and 2
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a ceiling portion 11 of a greenhouse 10 in which a skylight opening / closing mechanism of the present embodiment is incorporated. FIG. 1 shows a state where the skylight 20 is closed, and FIG. The ceiling portion 11 is formed so as to be inclined toward both sides by a mountain-shaped truss-structured beam 11 a provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse 10. In addition, each beam 11
Along with a purlin 11b communicating between the tops of a,
A purlin 11c is disposed substantially parallel to the purlin 11b and between the beams 11a, and substantially perpendicular to the purlin 11c.
And rafters 11d arranged along the inclination direction. Note that a plurality of purlins 11c are provided at predetermined intervals along the inclination direction of the ceiling 11, and the rafters 11d are
A plurality is provided at predetermined intervals along the zero longitudinal direction. The structure of these ceiling parts 11 is the same as the conventional one,
The present invention is not limited to the double-roof type shown in the drawings, and the present invention relates to a conventionally known ceiling portion having various structures or shapes of a greenhouse, for example, a single-roof type, an unequal side type, a multi-unit type ceiling, etc. Applicable to parts.

In this embodiment, adjacent to the purlin 11b,
Specifically, the ventilation opening 12 is formed between the purlin 11c immediately beside the purlin 11b and the next purlin 11c adjacent along the inclination direction. The ventilation opening 12 is
However, in the present embodiment, the length in the longitudinal direction is shorter than the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse 10, and in the present embodiment, the length in the plan view is substantially along the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse 10. A plurality of rectangular objects are formed. As a result, between the ventilation openings 12 adjacent in the longitudinal direction, a non-opening so-called fitting portion 13 is formed. A portion of the ceiling portion 11 except for the ventilation opening 12 is covered with a covering material (not shown) such as a plastic film or glass, including the fitted portion 13.

The skylight 20 is formed so as to be substantially the same as or slightly longer than the length of the ventilation opening 12 in the longitudinal direction, and to be substantially parallel to the purlin 11b and in the width direction of the ventilation opening 12. There are provided two outer frame members 21 and 22 which are arranged at substantially the same or slightly longer intervals. Between the two outer frame members 21 and 22, a cross member 23 is stretched substantially in parallel with the rafter 11d. In addition, this member 23
Are provided at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the outer frame members 21 and 22, and a coating of a plastic film, glass, or the like is provided between the respective members 23 and 23 and between the outer frame members 21 and 22. Lumber is provided.

The skylight 20 opens the ventilation opening 12 by sliding the outer frame member 21 disposed above the ceiling 11 in the direction of inclination from the position approaching the purlin 11b to the direction away from the purlin 11b. When the outer frame material 21 slides farthest from the purlin 11b, the ventilation opening 12 is fully opened in a state where there is no member obstructing the ventilation function above the outer opening 21 (see FIG. 2). ). Next, the skylight opening / closing mechanism of the present embodiment for operating the skylight 20 in this manner will be described.

[0010] The skylight opening / closing mechanism includes a rack 30 fixed to the back side of the support member 23 of the skylight 20,
0 and a pinion 40 that meshes with each other. As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the rack 30 has, from the top, a mounting portion 31 having a substantially C-shaped cross section and a substantially I-shaped cross section together with the lower surface of the mounting portion 31. 32c
Guide groove 3 formed along the longitudinal direction of both sides sandwiching
A guide portion 32 having 2a and 32b and a plurality of tooth portions 33 protruding below the guide portion 32 and formed at a predetermined pitch along the longitudinal direction are integrally formed. Then, through a screw insertion hole formed in the mounting portion 31, a bolt 3 and a nut 35 are used to hold the holding member 2.
Fixed to 3. The mounting portion 31 having a substantially C-shaped cross section is provided to secure a work space for fixing the mounting member 31 to the cross member 23 with the bolts 34 and the nuts 35. When the guide part 32 and the tooth part 33 are provided by integral molding, they are not essential.

The racks 30 can be provided in correspondence with all of the sunglasses 23. However, in consideration of the size and weight of the skylight 20, for example, the racks 30 are arranged every other sunglasses 23. Can be provided.

The pinion 40 is located within a range surrounded by the ventilation opening 12 and below the skylight 20.
A predetermined number of the teeth 41 are arranged so as to mesh with the teeth 33 of each rack 30. On the pinion 40, a bearing cylinder 42 of a rotary shaft 50 is integrally provided so as to protrude therefrom.
The rotating shaft 50 inserted into the inside 2 is fixed by a bolt 42 a that is screwed into a peripheral wall of the bearing cylinder 42 through a screw hole penetrated in the thickness direction. The rotating shaft 50 is connected to a driving source such as a motor (not shown), and rotates by driving the driving source.

Further, the pinion 40 is housed so as to be sandwiched between a pair of pinion frames 43 and 44 made of a plate-like member. One pinion frame 43 is disposed adjacent to a side surface of the pinion 40 on which the bearing cylinder 42 does not project, and the other pinion frame 44 is
The bearing cylinder 42 is inserted through the through-hole 44a, and the pinion 40
Are arranged on the opposite side of the. Pinion frame 4
The lower ends of the rivets 3 and 44 have a length protruding below the pinion 40.
Are connected by

At the upper part of each pinion frame 43, 44, it protrudes above each side surface of the pinion 40, is bent outward at a substantially right angle, and is further bent upward at a substantially right angle.
The rack 30 has protruding plate portions 43b and 44b which extend so as to be located on both sides of the substantially I-shaped guide portion 32.
Each of the projecting plate portions 43b and 44b has a rivet 4
6a and 47a are penetrated from the outside to the inside, and are attached to the shafts protruding inward from the rollers 46 and 47a.
Is rotatably mounted. And each roller 4
6, 47 are rollably engaged along the guide grooves 32a, 32b.

The pinion frames 43 and 44 are arranged on both side surfaces of the pinion 40, and the projecting plate portions 43b and
A roller 46 rotatably mounted on the roller 44b,
47 is rotatably engaged along the guide grooves 32a and 32b of the rack 30, so that when the rack 30 moves by the rotation of the pinion 40, the pinion 40 and the rack 30 relatively move right and left. It is possible to prevent the power transmission from being disturbed by the deviation.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the guide rail 6 is provided on the ceiling 11 outside each side of the ventilation opening 12 so as to be parallel to the rack 30.
0 and 61 are attached. This guide rail 6
0,61 is the length over the entire length of the moving range of the skylight 20,
That is, it has a length enough to pass through the purlin 11c arranged below the ventilation opening 12 along the inclined direction from the purlin 11b.

As shown in FIG. 4, on the back surface of the stop member 23 which is arranged at the side of each of the skylights 20,
A roller mounting plate 70 having a vertical portion 71 for securing a predetermined height is fixed. A shaft pin 72 protruding outward is provided below the vertical portion 71 of the roller mounting plate 70, and a guide roller 73 is rotatably disposed with respect to the shaft pin 72. It is needless to say that the roller mounting plate 70 and the guide roller 73 are provided on both sides of the skylight 20.
Then, only one is shown.

The guide rollers 73 provided on each side of the skylight 20 are rollably engaged with the guide rails 60 and 61, respectively. Accordingly, the guide roller 73 moves the guide rail 6 with the movement of the skylight 20.
It rolls and moves along 0,61. The displacement of the skylight 20 to the left and right during the movement is not only prevented by the pinion frames 43 and 44 as described above, but also regulated by the engagement between the guide rails 60 and 61 and the guide rollers 73. The skylight 20 opens and closes very smoothly.

Reference numeral 75 shown in FIG. 4 designates guide rails 60 and 61 and a stop member 2 disposed closest to the side.
3 is a rain shield member for preventing rain or wind from blowing into the greenhouse from a gap between the rain cover and the greenhouse. This rain shield member 75
After passing over the upper part of the pin member 23, it passes outside the vertical portion 71 of the roller mounting plate 70, and
0, 61 is formed of a plate-like member formed so as to cover the upper surface thereof, has a length substantially the same as
Prevents rain and wind from entering when the building is closed.

Here, the greenhouse 10 is provided with a ridge plate 11e above a purlin 11b constituting the ceiling portion 11, but the skylight 20 is closed when it is closed as shown in FIG. It is preferable that the outer frame member 21 on the upper side in the inclined direction, which is the front end side in the direction, is provided so as to be accommodated in the space below the ridge covering plate 11e. Thereby, rain or the like that enters from the gap between the outer frame member 21 of the skylight 20 and the purlin 11b at the time of closing is blocked.

However, in order to more effectively block the intrusion of rain or the like, the gap between the outer frame member 21 and the back surface of the ridge plate 11e is preferably small, and as shown in FIG. It is preferable that a closing member 80 made of a substantially C-shaped metal plate or the like protruding toward the back surface of the ridge plate 11e is provided on the upper portion of the frame member 21 along the length direction of the outer frame member 21.
When the closing member 80 is formed in a substantially C-shape as shown in FIG. 5, if the opening is disposed so as to face outward (downward in the inclined direction), it is possible to reduce the penetration of rain. Can be prevented.

Even if such a closing member 80 is provided, as long as the outer frame member 21 of the skylight 20 can freely enter and exit the space below the ridge cover plate 11e, if both are made of metal, A slight gap is left between the back surface of the wrapping plate 11e and the closing member 80. Therefore, in order to close this gap, at least one of the upper part of the outer frame member 21 and the ridge plate 11e, preferably both as shown in FIG.
In both cases, it is desirable to provide sealing members 81 and 82 made of an elastic material such as a rubber plate or a synthetic resin plate extending in the longitudinal direction. The sealing members 81 and 82 may come into contact with each other at any time during the closing operation of the skylight 20, or preferably,
The sealing members 81 and 82 are provided in such a length and positional relationship that they come into contact with each other in a completely closed state. Thereby, skylight 2
It is possible to almost certainly prevent rain and wind from entering from the outside when the valve is closed.

The closing member 80 is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, but as shown in FIG.
Instead of the outer frame member 21 described above, it may be provided so as to protrude downward on the back surface of the ridge packaging plate 11e. At this time,
When the sealing members 81 and 82 made of an elastic material are provided, they are provided below the closing member 80 and above the outer frame member 21.

Further, the closing member 80 is not limited to a steel member, but is made of an elastic material itself. In the case of FIG. 5, the closing member 80 is provided on the back surface of the ridge covering plate 11e in the case of FIG. Alternatively, the tip of the closing member 80 may directly contact the upper portion of the outer frame member 21.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), for example, a water receiving portion 83 having an open upper surface can be protruded below the outer frame member 21 of the skylight 20. Accordingly, even if rainwater enters through a slight gap between the ridge plate 11e, the rainwater can be received and fall into the greenhouse 10 can be prevented.

On the other hand, the outer frame member 22 on the lower side in the inclined direction, which is the rear end side in the closing direction, of the skylight 20 is also provided with the ventilation opening 12.
It is preferable to provide a closing member 90 for substantially closing the gap between the peripheral portion on the lower side in the inclination direction and the peripheral portion on the lower side. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the lower portion of the outer frame member 22 is extended downward as it is, and the first plate portion 90 a is bent outward at a substantially right angle, and downward from the end of the first plate portion 90 a. A closing member 90 having a structure including a second plate portion 90b bent at a substantially right angle is employed. It is needless to say that the closing member 90 may be formed integrally with the outer frame member 22 as described above, or the closing member 90 may be formed of a member different from the outer frame member 22.

A second plate portion 90b of the closing member 90 and a frame member 93 (for example, rafters 11d) disposed around the ventilation opening 12 facing the second plate portion 90b.
It is preferable to provide sealing members 91 and 92 for closing a small gap generated between them. The sealing members 91 and 92 are made of an elastic material like the sealing members 81 and 82 provided on the outer frame member 21 or the ridge wrapping plate 11e.
It is provided on at least one of the second plate portion 90b and the frame member 93, and comes into contact with each other at any time of the closing operation or at the time of complete closing. This makes it possible to almost completely prevent rain or wind from entering from the gap between the outer frame member 22 arranged on the lower side in the inclined direction and the periphery of the ventilation opening 12 when the skylight 20 is closed.

It is preferable that a water receiving portion 93a having a concave cross section is formed below the outer frame member 22, for example, in the frame member 93. The water receiving portion 93a can receive dew water generated on the back surface of the skylight 20 and flowing along the inclined direction, and then falling downward when reaching the outer frame member 22.

According to the present embodiment, when the skylight 20 is in the closed state, a drive source (not shown) is activated to rotate the rotating shaft 50 in one direction (open direction). This allows
Since the pinion 40 rotates in the same direction and its teeth 41 are meshed with the teeth 33 of the rack 30,
Moves downward in the direction of inclination of the ceiling 11. Rack 30
Is fixed to the stop member 23 of the skylight 20, and as a result, the entire skylight 20 moves downward in the tilt direction,
The ventilation opening 12 is opened. At this time, according to the present embodiment, the pinion frames 43, 44 are adjacent to both side surfaces of the pinion 40, and the rollers 46, 47 mounted inside the pinion frames 43, 44 are connected to the rack 30.
Guide grooves 32a, 32b formed along the longitudinal direction of
And rolls in the guide grooves 32a and 32b as the rack 30 moves. In addition, with the movement of the skylight 20, the guide rollers 73 provided on each side of the skylight 20 move along the guide rails 60 and 61 provided outside each side of the ventilation opening 12. . Therefore, the skylight 20 smoothly moves in the opening direction without the meshing between the tooth portions 33 and 41 of the rack 30 and the pinion 40 being shifted left and right.

When the skylight 20 moves to the lower limit position, the ventilation opening 12 is completely opened, but the skylight 20 is located on the ceiling 11 on the lower side in the inclination direction with respect to the ventilation opening 12. There is no member above the ventilation opening 12 that acts as a barrier to prevent air from flowing into and out of the greenhouse 10 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the intrusion of the outside air through the ventilation opening 12 and the discharge operation of the air in the greenhouse 10 are performed very effectively.

On the other hand, when closing the skylight 20 from the open state, the drive source is activated to rotate the rotary shaft 50 in the opposite direction (close direction). As a result, the pinion 40 rotates in the same direction, the rack 30 moves upward in the tilting direction, the skylight 20 also moves in the same direction, and the outer frame material 21 on the upper side in the tilting direction moves to the ridge board 11. Until it is accommodated in the space below.

The outer frame 21 is accommodated in the space below the ridge plate 11, and when the outer frame 21 moves to the upper limit position, the ventilation opening 12 is closed. At this time, according to the present embodiment, the closing members 80 and 90 are disposed on the outer frame member 21 located on the upper side in the inclined direction and the outer frame member 22 located on the lower side in the inclined direction, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent invasion of wind and wind when the skylight 20 is closed.

The drive source for rotating the pinion 40 can be manually switched by an operator. For example, a rainfall sensor is arranged at an appropriate position on the ceiling 11 to detect rainfall. Then, the pinion 40 may be rotated in the closing direction of the skylight 20 by driving the driving source. Further, for example, a configuration may be adopted in which a temperature sensor is arranged in the greenhouse 10 and, when it is detected that the temperature has reached a predetermined value or more, the pinion 40 is rotated in the opening direction of the skylight 20 by driving the driving source. it can. Furthermore, these sensors can be controlled in combination with each other, or can be linked with other sensors.

[0034]

The skylight opening / closing mechanism of the present invention has a configuration in which the skylight opening is opened / closed by sliding the skylight along the ceiling surface by the rack and the pinion. Therefore, above the open ventilation opening,
Since there is no member that hinders the ventilation action, the ventilation efficiency of the greenhouse can be improved as compared with the related art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a ceiling part of a greenhouse according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a skylight is closed.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing a ceiling part of a greenhouse according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a skylight is open.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams for explaining a configuration of a rack and a pinion constituting a skylight opening / closing mechanism used in the embodiment, where FIG. 3A is a front view and FIG. Show.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a guide roller engaged with a guide rail.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a closing member attached to an outer frame member housed below a ridge wrapping plate.

FIG. 6A is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which a sealing member is attached to a closing member. FIG. 6B is a view for explaining another embodiment of the closing member.

FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a closing member and a sealing member arranged on a rear end side of a skylight in a closing direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Greenhouse 11 Ceiling part 11a Beam 11b Purlin 11c Purlin 11d Rafter 11e Building wrapping board 12 Ventilation opening part 20 Skylight 23 Part member 30 Rack 32a, 32b Guide groove 33 Teeth part 40 Pinion 41 Teeth part 43, 44 Pinion frame 46, 47 Roller 50 Rotating shaft 60, 61 Guide rail 73 Guide roller 80, 90 Closing member 81, 82, 91, 92 Sealing member

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A skylight opening and closing mechanism for opening and closing a ventilation opening formed in a ceiling of a greenhouse, comprising: a rack fixed to the ceiling or the skylight in an opening and closing direction; A skylight opening / closing mechanism, comprising: a pinion connected to a rotation shaft connected to a drive source and rotatably disposed. 2. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the rack is fixed to a back surface of the skylight, and the pinion is disposed on a ceiling. 3. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the rack is integrally fixed to a back surface of a roof member of the skylight arranged along the opening / closing direction. 4. A pinion frame disposed between a pair of pinion frames which are provided adjacent to respective side surfaces of the pinion and each have a protruding plate portion extending so as to protrude above the side surface of the pinion. Are accommodated, and each roller disposed inside each protruding plate portion of each pinion frame rolls along each guide groove formed along the longitudinal direction on each side surface of the rack. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the skylight opening / closing mechanism is engaged. 5. A guide roller is provided on each side of the skylight, and each guide roller is a ceiling part of a greenhouse, outside each side of the ventilation opening in plan view, and is provided with the rack. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the skylight opening / closing mechanism is provided so as to roll along each of the guide rails arranged in parallel. 6. An outer frame of the skylight, wherein the ventilation opening is formed adjacent to a purlin in a ceiling, and is located below a ridge plate at the time of closing and is a front end side in a closing direction. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a closing member that substantially closes a gap therebetween is attached between the material and the ridge plate. 7. The skylight according to claim 6, wherein a sealing member made of an elastic material is attached to at least one of the ridge plate or the outer frame member and the closing member. Opening and closing mechanism. 8. A closure for substantially closing a gap between the outer frame member and the periphery of the ventilation opening when the outer frame member is located on the rear end side in the closing direction of the skylight. The skylight opening / closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a member is attached. 9. A sealing member made of an elastic material is attached to at least one of the closing member and a peripheral portion of the ventilation opening.
Skylight opening and closing mechanism as described.