JP2001509846A - Notch tear resistant disposable bib - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY The present invention provides a bib having relatively high notch tear resistance combined with relatively low circular bending stiffness. The relatively high notch tear resistance reduces the ability of the infant wearer to break the bib when the bib is pierced (eg, by chewing). The relatively low circular bending stiffness provides the wearer with a comfortable, soft, long-lasting bib.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION                  Notch tear resistant disposable bib   This patent application is the following co-pending and commonly assigned patent application: Name of Reinhart Filed February 9, 1996 and filed "Disposable Bib with Filament Reinforcement Layer" U.S. Patent entitled "Disposable Bib Having Filamentary Reinforcing Layer" Application 08 / 599,208; filed August 10, 1995 under the name of Reinhart, entitled "Improved Neck Entitled "Bib Having an Improved Neck Opening" U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08 / 513,643, filed Aug. 10, 1995 in the name of Reinhart, Entitled "Bib Having an Improved Pocket" Priority to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 513,496, which is incorporated herein by reference. Incorporate more.                                Field of the invention   The present invention relates to disposable bibs, and more particularly, maintains relatively high flexibility On the other hand, it relates to disposable bibs that resist tearing.                                Background of the Invention   Disposable bibs are well known in the art. Such a bib for the baby Provided for use when feeding. Disposable bibs have multiple layers It can have a laminated structure. For example, a disposable bib spills Layer of absorbent paper to receive spilled food and spilled liquid through a bib Plastic film layer to prevent slipping through and permeation of baby clothing And may be included. Other multilayer bib configurations are known.   Disposable bibs are worn by infant wearers, for example by chewing Can have the drawback of being able to drill holes. Toddler wearer torn bib In that case, the effective coverage of the wearer's clothing is reduced. In addition, pull separately A split bib increases the number of waste items that need to be disposed.   Woven fabric components such as woven cloth layers to provide absorbency or strength Adding a bib to the bib means that such a woven fabric structure increases the cost of the bib Has the disadvantage of The cost of woven fabrics is the cost of disposable bibs for such structures. Make use impractical.   Bib by simply increasing the tensile strength of one or more components of the bib Attempts to reduce injuries have also generally been unsuccessful. For example, one Increase the bib tensile strength by simply changing the thickness of the bib component Doing so generally causes an undesirable increase in stiffness. In addition, tensile strength Increases can result in high material costs or manufacturing complexity.   More importantly, simply increasing the bib's tensile strength is not necessarily Applicants have found that they do not reduce the incidence of bib tears during use. Applicants have determined that the rate of bib breakage is referred to as the notch tear resistance (NTR). It was found that it correlated with the characteristics of the hanging. Notch tear resistance, pre-cut This is a measurement of the force required to tear the sample substrate into two separate pieces.   In addition, Applicants may provide bibs without substantially increasing the stiffness of the bibs. Invented a disposable bib with NTR that substantially reduces the incidence of buckling did. The bib of the invention further requires an excessively high bib peak tensile strength. It also provides a reduced rate of breakage without need.   Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a disposable bib that resists tearing. Is to provide.   It is also an object of the present invention to provide a disposable which is relatively flexible while resisting tearing. Is to provide a bib.   It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of resisting tearing while maintaining a peak tensile strength below a threshold. The purpose is to provide a bib that has high strength.   Yet another object of the invention is that the bib resists tearing and is relatively flexible It is to provide a disposable bib without using woven components.                                Summary of the Invention   The present invention provides that at least about 410 grams, more preferably at least about 485 grams, Most preferably, has a notch tear resistance (NTR) of at least about 500 grams, tear resistant Provides a disposable bib. NTR is measured using the procedure described below .   Bibs of the present invention are preferably less than about 60 grams, more preferably about 50 grams. Preferably, it has a circular bending stiffness (CBS) of less than about 40 grams. New CBS is measured using the procedure described below.   Further, preferably the bib is measured using the procedure set forth below, and Less than 00 grams / inch, more preferably less than about 6000 grams / inch, even more preferably Has a peak tensile strength of less than about 5000 grams / inch. Therefore, the present invention Do not sacrifice flexibility and do not need high bib tensile strength And provides a tear resistant bib that substantially reduces the incidence of tear during use.   The disposable bib of the present invention provides a desired level without the use of woven fabric components. Provides tear resistance and flexibility. Preferably, one disposable bib of the present invention Each layer has a paper web (wet lay paper web and (Including array paper webs), nonwovens, liquid impermeable films, liquid impermeable Selected from the group consisting of coatings and combinations thereof.   The disposable bibs of the present invention are preferably liquid impermeable and face outward Laminate an absorbent topsheet with a liquid-impermeable backsheet facing the body Prepare. Absorbent topsheets include paper webs, nonwoven webs, and combinations thereof. Combinations can be provided. In one embodiment, the absorbent topsheet is external The paper ply facing the side and the internal paper ply joined to the back sheet Can be prepared.   Bib about 15 per square centimeter, more preferably about 12 milligrams Can have a basis weight of less than or equal to Bib is about 15 to about 40 mils (0.015 to 0.04 0 inch) caliper.                             BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES   The specification concludes with claims which particularly point out and distinctly claim the invention. However, the invention will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: Will be appreciated. In the drawings, similar elements have been used to indicate substantially the same components. Use the name.   FIG. 1 is a perspective view in use of a disposable bib according to the present invention.   FIG. 2 shows a disposable bib of the present invention supported in a flat, generally planar orientation. It is the schematic of the front part top view of FIG.   FIG. 3 shows a disposable bib of the present invention supported in a flat, generally planar orientation. FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a rear plan view of FIG.   FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bib laminate structure.   Figure 5 shows the results of one million uses of bib in different bib samples. Graphical display showing the breakage rate of a bib vs the peak tensile strength of a bib And the graph shows a lack of correlation between the rate of breakage and peak tensile strength.   Figure 6A shows the bib sample per million uses of bib. A graphical representation of the bib break rate versus the bib notch tear resistance. Contains a linear regression dotted line and a non-linear regression curve of the displayed data.   Figure 6B provides less than about 1 break rate per 1 million uses of bib To provide an approximation of notch tear resistance, pass through the two data points represented in FIG.6A. FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of a portion of the graph display of FIG. 6A showing a straight line drawn.   FIG. 7 shows that less than about 1 per million uses, based on the nonlinear regression curve of FIG. The graph in FIG.6A shows the expected notch tear resistance required to achieve the break rate. It is an enlarged view of the part of a rough display.   Figure 8 shows consumer softness ratings vs. circular curves for different bib samples. 6 is a graph showing the bending rigidity.   Figure 9 shows the circular bending stiffness versus notch tear resistance for different bib samples. It is a graph display shown.                             Detailed description of the invention   Figures 1-4 show a disposable bib 20 according to one embodiment of the present invention. the term" A disposable bib is a durable bib with a woven fabric construction. Once used and thrown away, in contrast to bibs for sexual multiple use Refers to the intended bib. Disposable bib is 1 square centimeter Less than about 15 milligrams per weight (weight per unit area) and about 40 mils (0.040 Caliper).   The disposable bib of the present invention is also preferably liquid impermeable. "liquid The terms "impermeable" or "impervious to liquids" mean that Liquid spilled or dropped on bib to wearer through bib, or It does not permeate the wearer's clothing.   The disposable bib of the present invention can have a multi-layer configuration, each layer being a page. Par web (including wet lay paper web and air lay paper web), Selected from the group consisting of woven fabrics, thermoplastic films, resin coatings, and combinations thereof. Devour.   The disposable bib preferably has at least one absorbent layer. The absorption layer With a spilled liquid, preferably a bib to contain and absorb the collar It is arranged facing outward. The absorbent layer is preferably a paper web, a non-woven fabric and it It is selected from the group consisting of these combinations. Non-woven fabric, melt blown, spun And many different processes, including but not limited to cards The latter is heat bonding, air through bonding, powder bonding, latex bonding or solvent bonding Or including spunlace.   In FIGS. 1-4, the bib 20 has longitudinally extending sides 32, 34 and a longitudinal It has a longitudinal length, a longitudinal centerline 21, a transversely extending bottom edge 36, and a lateral width W. A bib body 22 is provided. The term "longitudinal" is used along the length of the bib body 22 Refers to the axis or direction measured, and that direction or axis is bib as shown in Figure 1. When worn, it is generally parallel to the line extending from the wearer's head to the wearer's waist. The terms "lateral" and "transverse" are orthogonal and drool to the longitudinal centerline 21. Those who are generally parallel to the line that extends across the wearer's chest when wearing the hanger Direction or axis.   The bib can comprise a laminate configuration of at least two layers. Figure 2 In FIG. 4, the bib body 22 is joined to the liquid impermeable backsheet 80 It has a laminate configuration including an absorbent topsheet 40. Topsheet 40 drool When wearing a hook, facing the outside, the back sheet wears when wearing a bib Face the body of the person.   Topsheet 40 may be an absorbent paper web, an absorbent nonwoven web, or One or more layers of the combination can be provided. In the illustrated embodiment, the Sheet 40 is bonded to the outer wet lay paper ply 40A and the ply 40A. Inner wet lay paper ply 40B.   Tissue paper suitable for use in making each of the plies 40A and 40B The following U.S. patents are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of disclosing a method of making Incorporated: U.S. Patent Nos. 4,440,597; 4,529,480; 4,637,859; 5,223,0. No. 96; and 5,240,562. Ply 40A and 40B are from Cincinat, Ohio i, Ohio) The Procte & Gamble Compa ny) and bounty medley brand paper -It may be of a type commercially available as a towel.   Alternatively, a suitable nonwoven fabric from which the topsheet 40 can be formed is one square meter Spunbond polypropylene, having a basis weight of about 15 to about 30 grams per It is a woven material. One suitable nonwoven is Simpsonville, South Carolina ( Celest from Fiberweb of Simpsonville, South Carolina) Laminated (CELESTRA), spunbond polypropylene nonwoven fabric Web.   Another suitable nonwoven that can form the topsheet 40 is Code # 9324369, P-11, Walpole, Mass. assachusetts) International Paper Corporat ion) and manufactured by the Veratec Division. A carded polypropylene nonwoven material with a basis weight of about 22 grams per Torr .   In yet another embodiment, the topsheet 40 is non-woven, such as one of the nonwoven webs described above. A combination of a woven web and a paper web can be provided.   The back sheet 80 can include a thermoplastic film or a resin layer. Heatable Examples of plastic films include but are not limited to polypropylene and polyethylene films. Not restricted. In one embodiment, the backsheet 80 is a linear low density polyethylene And a low-density polyethylene mixture.   In FIG. 2, a paper ply 40 is shown to show the plastic film layer 80. Is partially broken. The outer surface 42 of the paper ply 40A is observed in FIG. Facing the person. The body-facing surface 82 of the plastic film layer 80 is shown in FIG. Facing the observer.   Bib 20 preferably comprises a pair of shoulder extensions 24,26. Shoulder extensions 24, 26 The bib body 22 extends from the proximal end 24A, 26A to the distal end 24B, 26B, and When the shackle is supported on a flat horizontal surface, it provides a generally planar neck opening 200.   Filed Aug. 10, 1995 in the name of Reinhart et al., Incorporated herein by reference. As disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 513,643, a generally planar neck opening 20 is disclosed. 0 is generally symmetric about the longitudinal centerline 21 and has a length 240 of the opening 200 It is asymmetric about a horizontal axis passing through the center point 242.   Bib 20 is essentially a bib 20 for capturing and receiving food particles. A pocket 100 that extends along the entire width may also be included. See Figure 1 The hanging body 22 has a body panel 70, a pocket panel 105, and an apron panel 150. Can be obtained. The body panel 70 is folded back horizontally in the bib body. Separated from the pocket panel 105, and the pocket panel 105 Can be separated from the apron panel 150 by another parallel fold extending to   Body panel 70 is positioned adjacent to the wearer's body when the bib is secured to the wearer. Is placed. The pocket panel 105 can have a generally rectangular shape and the body Body panel to create pocket space between panel and pocket panel Located adjacent to 70. Pocket panel 105 pockets from pocket bottom edge 120 Extends longitudinally to the opening edge 110 and the pocket panel 105 has a bib side edge It extends in the transverse direction halfway between 32 and 34. Both bottom edge 120 and opening edge 110 are longitudinally centered It is substantially orthogonal to the line 21 and substantially parallel to the virtual horizontal axis.   Apron panel 150 extends from pocket opening edge 110 to bib bottom edge 36 Can be Apron panel 150 provides gravity opening for pocket 100 For this reason, it can hang down from the pocket opening edge 110. The main body panel 70, the pocket panel 105, and the apron panel 150 include one or more It can be formed from a continuous sheet material comprising the silicate. Pocket and Ep To show a bib configuration for forming a bib with Issued to Noel on May 1, 1984, "A Gravitationally Open Pocket Entitled "Bib Having Gravitationally Openable Pocket" U.S. Patent No. 4,445,231 and U.S. Patent Application 08/513, filed August 10, 1995. No. 496 is incorporated herein by reference.   The bib 20 further joins the shoulder extensions 24, 26 together so that they overlap. It is possible to have a fixing assembly for fixing the bib 20 to the wearer. preferable. The fixed assembly controls the components located on at least one shoulder extension. A mechanical fastener having the same shoulder extension. Through the landing surface and physically engage the surface. In one embodiment, The fastener may include an array 305 of protrusions 312 extending from a portion of the shoulder extension 26. it can. The protrusion 312 may be in the form of a prong or hook, and the shoulder extensions 24, 26 Can be engaged with a nonwoven web 350 extending over at least a portion of the web. Edge of web 350 Is indicated by reference numeral 354 in FIG. Non-woven web 350 on shoulder extensions 24, 26 It can be joined to the top sheet 40 by an adhesive.   Prior to using the bib, the shoulder extensions 24, 26, such as at their distal ends, It can be joined together along an optional line of weakening 270. Yo When using a bib, tear or damage other parts of the bib Select a weak line 27 so that the shoulder extension can be separated without Can be separated along 0 and overlap by fixed assembly Both can be detachably joined. In one embodiment, selective weakness Cut points where line 270 is aligned with longitudinal centerline 21 and is spaced at multiple intervals With lines.   In the following description, the labels X1, X2, N1, Z1 and Z2 are according to an embodiment of the present invention. Refers to the disposable bib sample created. Labels Z1 and Z2 are labeled X1, X2 and N1. A relatively hard bib sample than the belled bib sample Point.   Labels T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6 do not meet the tear resistance and rigidity requirements of the present invention Refers to the test samples, they are bib samples X1 created according to the present invention, Compare with X2. Labels C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5 are commercially available bib sunglasses. Refers to pulls and compares them with bib samples X1, X2 made according to the invention I do. Labels D1, D2, D3 have at least one nonwoven layer or component, durable Refers to commercially available bibs that are not sexually disposable.   Figure 5 shows the rate of breakage during actual use of the bib sample and the conventional strength measurement. 1 illustrates a lack of correlation between the peak tensile strength, which is constant. Figure 6 is a bib The correlation between the rate of breakage of the sample during use and the notch tear resistance of the sample Figure 2 illustrates the applicant's findings.   Figure 5 shows the rate of breakage during use of bib test samples T1, T3, T5 and T6. It is a graph display shown. In FIG. 5, the Y axis indicates the use of each test sample. The number of torn breaks (the number of pieces separated from the bib) in Shown in the unit of occurrence of tear per application. X axis is the peak tensile strength of each test sample Is shown. The procedure for measuring the peak tensile strength will be described later.   FIG. 5 shows that the bib tensile strength does not predict the bib tear resistance, or Indicates no correlation. For example, FIG. 5 shows that test sample T1 is different from sample T6. Has a much higher peak tensile strength, but T6 is much lower than T1 in use. It shows the rate of breakage. Therefore, Figure 5 shows that high tensile strength is high tear resistance It indicates that one cannot rely on the conventional knowledge of causing a shuffle.   The value of the breakage rate during use shown in Fig. 5 is based on the test sample and the test sample. A house that has agreed to record the number of breach events over a period of three days to four weeks, along with utility Calculated from data collected from study participants (generally parents) in the yard. Test sump Le was worn by babies from 5 months to 36 months. Participants are product performance, product Submitted a questionnaire on the degree of acceptance and the number of bibs used and torn .   The actual number of breaks in all bib samples tested (T1, T3, T5, T6) The number of bibs used was 4 for 684 uses for T1 and 4 for T3. 8 tears per 2460 uses, 6610 uses for T5 1 tear and 3 tears per 32000 uses for T6. Was. Estimate the number of tears in use per million uses of bib samples By extrapolating these data, each of the four bib samples was We calculated the rate of breakage per million uses in each case.   Below are the data points for FIG. 5, including the standard deviation (s.d.) for the peak tensile values. Table 1 below. Table 1: Peak tension and actual tear occurrence per million uses of bib   Similar to FIG. 5, FIG. 6A shows the bib test samples T1, T3, T5 and T6 during use. It is a graph display which shows a tear occurrence rate. Y axis is calculated for each test sample The number of tears in use (the number of pieces separated from the bib) It is shown in the unit of occurrence of tear per 100,000 use. Figure 6A shows the value of the tear occurrence rate during use. Calculated from the same home study participant used to show the Y-axis values in 5. Was. However, in FIG. 6A, the X-axis shows the notch tear resistance in each test sample. Is shown. The values shown in FIG. 6A are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2: Actual breakage per million use of NTR and bib   Figure 6A and Table 2 show that the notch tear resistance of bib correlates with the incidence of bib tear. Which indicates that. As the value of NTR increases, the breakage per million uses Number is reduced. In FIG.6A, the dotted straight line represents the linear regression of the data points, The line curve represents the non-linear regression of the data points. The results shown in FIG. Previously recognized between the strength characteristics and the actual in-use tear rate of the bib This shows the applicant's findings which are considered to be a correlation that did not exist.   FIG.6B shows the part of FIG.6A during 0-200 tear occurrences per million uses I have. In FIG.6B, one million runs using a straight line drawn through the two data points. One notch of tear resistance required to provide no more than about one tear in the use of A pile can be provided. The straight line in FIG.6B is at least about 410 grams. Notch tear resistance will result in less than about 1 tear in 1 million uses is expected.   FIG. 7 is a graph of tear occurrence versus notch tear resistance derived from the graph of FIG. 6B. is there. The solid curve in FIG. 7 is a continuation of the regression curve in FIG. 6B. Using the curve in Figure 7, 10 Notch tear resistance required to provide less than about 1 tear in 0,000 uses Can provide a conservative estimate of The curve as shown in FIG. Provides less than about 1 in use breakage rate in 1 million uses of bib Provides an estimate of the notch tear resistance of about 485 grams needed to   Table 3 below shows that embodiments X1, X2, N1, Z1 and Z2 are different depending on the samples T1-T6. Previously unachieved and also reached by commercial disposable bibs C1-C5 To provide notched levels of notch tear resistance greater than 500 grams Is shown.   Table 3 also shows that embodiments X1 and X2 of the present invention exhibit NTR greater than 500 grams. Both show that they also exhibit a circular bending stiffness (CBS) of less than 40 grams. Table 3:  Circular bending stiffness, described below, is the value of other stiffnesses that provide bending stiffness values It provides simultaneous measurement of bending stiffness in multiple directions, as opposed to gender measurement. Importantly, Applicant acknowledges the importance of bib circular bending stiffness to bib consumer acceptance Relationship was also determined.   FIG. 8 illustrates this relationship. In FIG. 8, the consumer flexibility of different bibs The friability rating is shown for bib circular bending stiffness. Consumer soft Savor rating is a measure of perceived softness attributable to consumers in bibs.   Consumer softness ratings are obtained using the following procedure. 1 or more per week Identify the consumer test subjects who previously used the bib. These tests Elephant blindfold for 3 days to 4 weeks of use instead of the usual bib Request use of test product labeled Excellent after a period of use Have, very good, good, passable, bad, labeled blindfolded Ask the test subject to give an overall assessment of the softness of the bib under test . Specify the following numbers for these ratings: excellent = 100; very good = 75, good Good = 50; reasonable = 25; bad = 0. Obtained for each of the blindfold samples The numerical values are averaged, and as a softness evaluation unit (SRU), the consumer's Get a softness rating.   The values shown in FIG. 8 are for bibs having a circular bending stiffness of less than about 40 grams. It is softer, desirable and consumes more than a bib with higher circular bending stiffness It is shown that it was recognized by the person. Increased stiffness leads to loss of softness I would expect. But contrary to expectation, applicants have a rigidity of about 40-42 grams Up to the value we have found that the loss of softness is generally trivial. soft Loss is somewhat noticeable at CBS values between about 42 grams to about 50 grams. About 50 At a CBS value of 5151 grams, the loss of softness is even more pronounced.   Table 4 below shows the change in circular bending stiffness for the data represented in FIG. , Indicating a change in softness. The values in Table 4 are flexible as the CBS value increases. Illustrates the different rates at which fragility is lost.   In Table 4, the sample data is divided into four stiffness intervals: 24-32; 33-41; ~ 50; and ordered and averaged within 51-60. Evaluation of softness between intervals The change in value and the associated change in CBS value are shown in Table 4. Table 4: Softness evaluation over a range of circular bending stiffness  Table 5 shows that at CBS values of 42-60, the loss of softness per unit increase in CBS is Indicates that it occurs about 6.1 times greater than occurs at a CBS value of about 24 to about 42. You. Table 5: Comparison of softness change with increasing stiffness  The straight line defined by the two equations in Table 5 above is shown in FIG. These two The difference in slope of the line is greater than the CBS value from about 40 to about 42 per unit increase in CBS. The increase in loss in softness evaluation is shown.   Thus, Tables 3, 4 and 5 show that embodiments X1 and X2 are preferred by consumers for flexibility. Sufficient to substantially reduce or eliminate tear during use It provides excellent tear resistance.   Table 6 shows the results for the embodiments X1 and X2 and the commercially available samples C1 to C5 and D1 to D3. Notch resistance, circular bending stiffness, peak tensile strength, caliper, and basis weight values I will provide a. Table 6: ^★Exceeded 1600g capacity of equipment   The data in Table 6 show that embodiments X1, X2 show NTR greater than 500 grams, C less than 40 grams. Provide BS and have a peak tensile strength of less than 5000 grams / inch Is shown. In contrast, commercially available disposable bibs C1-C5 have at least Does not provide about 410 grams of notch tear resistance. Commercially available disposable bib D 1-D3 have an NTR value of more than 500 grams, but use woven ingredients and also Has a basis weight greater than ram / square centimeter. In addition, D1-D3 weigh 40 grams Has a CBS value that exceeds.   FIG. 9 shows the circular bending stiffness in grams taken along the Y axis vs. the group taken along the X axis. 5 is a graph of notch tear resistance in ram units. Figure 9 shows the CBS value of the sample To illustrate, the data in samples D1 and D2 are shown. For samples D1 and D2 NTR values could not be measured. Because to measure the tear resistance This is because the capacity of the used apparatus is exceeded.   FIG. 9 shows that embodiments X1, X2, N1, Z1 and Z2 have notch tear resistance greater than 500 grams. Indicates that it is provided. FIG. 9 shows that the embodiments X1 and X2 of the present invention have 500 g. Less than 40 grams of circular bending stiffness with notch tear resistance greater than the ram Also shown. Thus, the X1 and X2 embodiments provide a level of flexibility favored by consumers. While providing sufficient tear resistance to substantially reduce or eliminate tears during use. Also provide.                              Description of the embodiment                                Embodiment X1   The components of the bib 20 shown in FIGS. The condition consists of an absorbent outer topsheet layer 40 to catch spilled food and a liquid A laminate of the body impermeable backsheet 80 is provided.   The top sheet 40 includes an outer ply 40A and an inner ply 40B. With outer ply 40A Each inner ply 40B is approximately 21.2 grams / square meter (13 (Pounds). Each layer was created on June 29, 1993 Made according to Example 1 of U.S. Pat.No. 5,223,096 issued to Phan et al. This patent is incorporated herein by reference.   Two paper plies 40A and 40B were issued to Wells on December 3, 1968 Nesting plies together, as generally taught in U.S. Pat.No. 3,414,459 It is combined by embossing and thinning. This patent is incorporated by reference. It is incorporated here. The two plies are first passed separately through separate embossing nips. Each embossing nip is made by rubber anvil roll and steel pattern roll It is formed.   The rubber anvil roll measures about 14 inches in diameter and measures about 1/8 inch ball. It has a P & J hardness of 00. The steel pattern roll has a diameter of about 18 inches. D Proding is about 100 pounds per linear inch. Steel pa The turn rolls are, on average, one square inch arranged in a diamond-shaped pattern. It has 36 protrusions per inch. Each protrusion has a major axis of approximately 0.084 inches and approximately 0.042 inches And extends about 0.070 inch radially outward from the periphery of the anvil roll. Having generally elliptical ends. Of protrusions (having an area of about 0.003 square inches) The edges provide a land area of about 11% of the roll surface area. Diamo Pattern repeat distance (in the machine direction or cross-machine direction, The distance from the heart to the center of the next diamond) is about 1.66 inches.   After the ply has passed through the embossing nip, apply ply bond adhesive to one of the blies. Cloth. Next, the two plies together have a bonding roll having a diameter of about 14 inches, and 2 Through the binding nip formed between one of the two steel pattern rolls. The bonding roll uses 1/8 inch ball, hard rubber cover with P & J hardness of 12 Having. Combined Niproding is about 100 pounds per linear inch.   The ply bond adhesive used to join the plies 40A and 40B is 7.2 weight % Fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (Dupont Evanol)  Evanol) 71-30 brand), 1.8% by weight water-soluble polyamide-epichlorohydrinpo Contains Remar (Hercules Kymene 557H brand) It is an aqueous solution. 2-ply paper with 24 grams of total solids per 3000 square feet Apply a sufficient amount of plybond adhesive to one side to provide a par top sheet. Apply to ply emboss.   Backsheet 80 is tailored in Indiana as CPC-2 film model X10392 ・ Auto (Terre Haute, lndiana) Tredegar Film Products (Tredega r Film Products) and has a nominal weight of about 2.0 mils (0.002 inches) A low-density polyethylene film having a thickness is provided.   Backsheet 80 is available from H.B.F. of St. Paul, Minnesota. HL1262 adhesive, commercially available from H.B. Fuller Company, for ply 40B Joined. Use the melt-prone application process to Apply about 4-5 milligrams of adhesive per square inch of g 80.   Backsheet film and topsheet Some material properties may have machine directivity. Film machine direction and page The film and top are oriented so that the perply is generally perpendicular to the bib axis 21. The sheet plies are joined together.                                Embodiment X2   Embodiment X2 of the present invention follows the description for Embodiment X1 with the following changes. Created. The backsheet 80 for embodiment X2 is approximately 2.0 mils (0.002 inches). CPC-2 film model by Tredegar, Inc. This is a low-density polyethylene film manufactured as X10348.   The backsheet 80 is bonded to the brie 40B with Fuller's H2031 adhesive. The H2031 adhesive is applied to the backsheet 80 in an overlapping spiral pattern. back About 5-6 milligrams of adhesive per square inch of sheet 80 is applied.                                Embodiment N1   Embodiment N1 comprises a nonwoven web, two paper plies, and a thermoplastic backsheet. With a laminate of sheets. The nonwoven web faces outward and the backsheet is the wearer Two paper plies placed between the nonwoven web and the backsheet It is. Embodiment N1 is a ply bond adhesive used to bond plies together Agent does not contain water-soluble polyamide-epichlorohydrin polymer, 4.0% by weight Of completely hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (Dupont Evanol) vanol) 71-30 brand) Embodiment X1 and Embodiment X1 except that the adhesive is an adhesive and has a nonwoven fabric bonded to the ply 40A. And plies 40A and 40B made as described for X2. Back sheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 1.1 mils, Tredegar film model X 9991. The backsheet 80 is applied in an overlapping spiral pattern, Approximately 5-6 milligrams per inch of Findley H2031 adhesive, ply 40 Joined to B. Spiral putter with carded polypropylene nonwoven web overlapping Approximately 5-6 milligrams per square inch of Findley It is joined to the ply 40A with the H2031 adhesive. Nonwoven is about 22g per square meter Mass of rum, supplier grade # 9324369, P-11 -International paper in Walpole, Massachusetts -Veratec Division of International Paper Corporation It is manufactured by.                             Embodiments Z1 and Z2   Embodiments Z1 and Z2 are similar to Embodiments X1 and X2. It has 40A and 40B. Z1 backsheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 25 mils, It is a Tredegar film model X10349. Back sheet 80 About 5-6 milligrams per square inch, applied in an overlapping spiral pattern It is joined to the ply 40B with Findley H2031 adhesive. Embodiment Z2 The backsheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 3.0 mils and is a Tredegar foil. It is a film model X10350. Backsheet 80 is applied in an overlapping spiral pattern About 5-6 milligrams per square inch of Findley H2031 The adhesive is bonded to the ply 40B.                                Sample T1   Sample T1 is a ply 40A made as described for Embodiments X1 and X2. , 40B. The T1 backseat 80 is from Cincinnati O hio) Clopay Plastic Products Compa ny) and have a nominal weight thickness of about 1.2 mils. This is a film model 3051. Backsheet 80 is applied in an overlapping spiral pattern About 5-6 milligrams per square inch of Findley H2031 adhesive And joined to the ply 40B.                                Sample T2   Sample T2 is a ply 40A made as described for Embodiments X1 and X2. , 40B. The T2 backsheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 2.0 mils, It is a Tredegar film model X10351. Backsheet 80 overlaps Approximately 5-6 milligrams of findray per square inch applied in a spiral pattern Joined to ply 40B with Findley H2031 adhesive.                                Sample T3   Sample T3 shows that the ply bond adhesive used to join the plies was Polyvinyl alcohol containing no soluble polyamide-epichlorohydrin polymer Except for being a polyester ply bond adhesive, as described for Embodiments X1 and X2 It has a brie 40A, 40B to be created. T3 backsheet 80 is nominally about 1.2 mils Fig. 9 is a Tredegar film model X9781 having a weight thickness. back Sheet 80 is applied in an overlapping spiral pattern, about 5-6 inches per square inch. It is bonded to the ply 40B with a Regram Findley H2031 adhesive.                                Sample T4   Sample T4 is a ply 40A made as described for Embodiments X1 and X2. , 40B. T4 backsheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 3.0 mils, It is a Tredegar film model X10352. Backsheet 80 overlaps Approximately 5-6 milligrams of findray per square inch applied in a spiral pattern Joined to ply 40B with Findley H2031 adhesive.                                Sample T5   Sample T5 is a ply 40A made as described for Embodiments X1 and X2. , 40B. The T5 backsheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 1.1 mils, It is a Tredegar film model X9991. Backsheet 80 overlaps Approximately 5-6 milligrams per square inch findlay applied in a spiral pattern (Findley) Joined to ply 40B with H2031 adhesive.                                Sample T6   Sample T6 is a ply 40A made as described for Embodiments X1 and X2. , 40B. T6 backsheet 80 has a nominal weight thickness of about 1.5 mils, This is a Clopay film model 1401. Backsheet 80 is a gravure process About 4-5 milligrams per square inch of findray (Fin dley) bonded to ply 40B with H2120 adhesive.                           Commercial samples C1 to C5   Samples C1-C5 are commercially available bibs.   C1 is a placecourt in Northvale, N.J. Barney brand manufactured by Playskool Baby, Inc. Land disposable bib with nonwoven front and film backing You.   C2 is West Bloomfield, Mississippi (BIB) manufactured by EL-LO Manufacturing Co. (BIES) Brand disposable bib, nonwoven front and film backing Have   C3 is Jackel Y in Northumberland UK. Tommy manufactured by Jackel International Ltd. A disposable bib under the tippy (TOMMIE TIPPIE) brand with a nonwoven front And have a film backing.   C4 is Ram Industry, Culver City, CO Use of the LAMMIES brand manufactured by Lam Industries A throwaway bib with a nonwoven front and film backing. Product label Le is a LAMMIES bib with Dupont's Dacron poly States that it has an ester.   C5 is Crumples Producer, Birmingham, MI CRUMPLES manufactured by Crumples Products, Inc. ) Brand disposable bib, with nonwoven front and film backing Have. The product label states that the bib has a non-woven fabric made of natural fibers I have.                           Commercial samples D1 to D3   Samples D1-D3 are commercial bibs having at least one woven component. You. D1 is a woven terry cloth surrounded by a woven border stitched to the body A cloth bib with a body. D2 is in North Jersey, New Jersey Playskool Baby, Ill (Northvale, New Jersey) lnc) by a play school (PLAYSKOOL) brand bib Yes, the front of the woven cloth, the plastic back, and the body of the bib And a woven fabric border to be touched. Product label is D2 bib waterproof vinyl It is 100% cotton terry with plastic and is said to be washable. Sun Pull D3 is a plastic-like material surrounded by a woven border stitched to the body Bray School (PLAYSKOOL) brand bib with seat body You.                                 Test method Notch tear resistance (NTR):   Notch tear resistance is generally ASTM D 1922-89: "Plastic Fill Standard Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Steel Sheets and Thin Sheeting " for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pen dulum Method ") is a measure of the propagating tear resistance of thin sheets and is based on the ASTM standard. The test method is incorporated herein by reference. For changes from ASTM D 1922-89 It is described below.   Notch tear resistance is necessary to propagate tears across the specimen using a pendulum device. It is a measure of the required force in grams. The pendulum swings in an arc, and the Tear the swatch along the kit. The sample is on one side by a pendulum and Is held on the side. Energy loss due to pendulum is indicated to digital readout You. Digital reading changes from 0 to 100, and the stroke of the pendulum after tearing the sample Based on the sensor to measure. Readout is a function of the force required to tear the sample . Alternatively, use a calibrated mechanical pointer to provide a value between 0 and 100. Can be used. The pendulum device is located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. lphla, Pa), Thwing Albert Ins trument Co), Elmendorf with 1600 gram capacity It is a tear tester (Elmendorf Tearing Tester), model 60-16.   Before measuring NTR, place the bib sample under reference conditions (about 73 degrees Fahrenheit, about 50% Adjust for at least about 2 hours at relative humidity. For each bib sample, Cut at least two swatches from the bib body. 2 tears from each sample Make a measurement and make a total of at least four tear measurements. Measure the lowest NTR value Perform in the direction that causes it (ie, tear the sample). Make preliminary measurements and determine the lowest The direction of the tear resistance can be determined. For the embodiments X1 and X2, The tear resistance is measured perpendicularly to the skein axis 21.   Cut the sample to 3 inches long x 25 inches wide. Sample of pendulum tester clamp (One clamp is stationary, the other clamp is supported by a pendulum arm ). Sample so that the top sheet or front part faces the direction of travel of the pendulum arm. Place on clamp.   At about 1/3 along the 3.0 inch dimensions, in parallel with the sample 2.5 inch dimensions, Cut the sample to size to form a 20mm long notch. Release the pendulum arm And tear the sample. Record the digital readout and multiply by 16 to get ASTM D 1922- Obtain a tear force in grams, according to 89. Then click on the rest of the sample Re-tighten with a ramp to form a 20mm long notch at the midpoint of the remaining sample Cut the sample to size. Release the pendulum arm and obtain a second tear force measurement. Take at least four measurements (two measurements from at least two bib samples). To obtain the NTR of a particular bib sample on average.Circular bending stiffness test (CBS):   Circular bending stiffness is implemented by simultaneous multidirectional deformation of the sample. Direction measurement. The procedure for measuring the circular bending stiffness of a sample is generally under the name of Osborn As described in columns 10-12 of U.S. Pat.No. 5,009,653 issued Apr. 23, 1991. And this patent is incorporated herein by reference. No. 5,009,653 The sample CBS using the procedure described, but with changes from the 5,009,653 patent Is described below.   The test equipment has a smooth polish with orifice, plunger and ball nose Steel plates, each having the dimensions specified in the 5,009,653 patent . Ball nose does not include needle points. Further, the device comprises an actuator And a load cell having a load in the range of 0-4000 grams. In particular, oh EME Tensile, manufactured by EME, Inc. of Newbury, Ohio Use a tester, model # 599A.   Place the test plate horizontally and adjust the plunger speed to 50 cm / Set to minutes. From almost the same part of the bib body taken from a sample for NTR testing Cut a 1.5 inch x 1.5 inch sample. Orifice under plunger with sample Put in the center of the (Samples were prepared prior to testing as described in US Pat. No. 5,009,653. Adjust it. ) Move the plunger to move the ball nose downward stroke Is exactly at the bottom of the plate orifice. Ball nose moves sample into orifice The maximum force reading is recorded in grams as you deflect.   Eight 1.5 '' x 1.5 '' samples for a particular bib sample Cut from the bib body. The four swatches are on one side of the swatch (e.g., topsheet 40) with the four samples facing up on the other side (e.g. backsheet 80). And measure. Average the eight values to get the CBS value for that sample.Peak tensile strength:   Refer to the Nonwoven Industry Association's INDA Standard Test IST 110.1-92, sample bib The peak tensile strength is measured. This criterion is incorporated herein by reference. Take a sample for the NTR test. Cut the sample. Enough to provide 1.0 inch width and 2.0 inch gauge length Cut the swatch to have a length. The direction in which the sample was torn in the NTR test Parallel to (e.g., the length of the sample is Turn to the corner) and pull the sample with a tensile tester. Before measuring peak tensile strength Adjust the bib sample at reference conditions (about 73 degrees Fahrenheit, about 50% relative humidity At least about 2 hours).   Instron model 5564 constant-rate jaw true elongation tensile tester Place the sample on the front. 1 inch line contact to avoid sample displacement Use grips. 2.0 inch gauge length, pre-tension sample to zero load multiply. Sample crosshead 20 inches per minute until completely broken Measure the force with a 100 Newton load cell as it is stretched at Record continuously. In all cases, in the first inch of stretching , A local maximum occurs. This initial peak force in each sample is expressed in grams. Record as indicated. Measure at least four samples, average them, and Provides the peak tensile strength in grams per inch sample width. Caliper measurement   Nearly the same part of the bib that took the NTR sample, a sample of the bib Measure par (thickness). Limits bib between flat surfaces and circular load feet And measure the caliper. Circular road feet have a diameter of 0.95 inches and 0.10ps Provides i sealing pressure. A suitable device for measuring bib calipers is Ono Sokki GS503 Linear Gauge Sensor Yes, one Ono Sokki manufactured by Ono Sokki of Japan It is a digital gauge of Ono Sokki DG3610. Caliper is small It is the average of at least four measurements. Basis weight:   The grammage was measured at almost the same part of the bib for which the NTR measurement was performed. Is the weight per unit area.   While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, the spirit and scope of the invention It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from Will.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (72) Inventors Reinhardt, Richard Nicholas Zi             Junia             45231 Ohio, USA             Ncinnati, Rockcrest Drive             10358 (72) Inventor Jackson, Beverly Ann Julien             C, 45013, Ohio, United States             Milton, East Fairway Dora             Eve 167 (72) Inventor Paulikowski, Julie Ann             45249, Ohio, USA             Nsinachi, Bookland Drive 8020

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Notch tear resistance (NTR) of at least about 410 grams and circular bending of less than about 60 grams     Disposable bib with rigidity (CBS). 2. The use of claim 1, wherein the bib has an NTR of at least 485 grams.     Abandoned bib. 3. The disposable of claim 1, wherein the bib has less than about 50 grams of CBS.     Bib. 4. The disposable of claim 3, wherein the bib has less than about 40 grams of CBS.     Bib. 5. The bib has a peak tensile strength of less than about 8000 grams / inch,     A disposable bib according to claim 1. 6. The bib has a peak tensile strength of less than about 6000 grams / inch,     A disposable bib according to claim 5. 7. Bib from the group consisting of paper webs and nonwovens and their combinations     The disposable bib of claim 1, comprising one or more selected layers. 8. The bib further comprising a thermoplastic film backsheet.     The disposable bib described in. 9. The disposable bib of claim 1, wherein the bib has no woven component. Ten. Notch tear resistance (NTR) of at least about 410 grams and less than about 8000 grams / inch     Disposable bib having peak tensile strength. 11． The bib has a peak tensile strength of less than about 6000 grams / inch,     A disposable bib according to claim 10. 12． 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the bib has an NTR of at least about 485 grams.     Disposable bib. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the bib has an NTR of at least about 500 grams.     Disposable bib. 14. The bib has a circular bending stiffness (CBS) of less than about 60 grams.     The disposable bib described in. 15． 15. The use according to claim 14, wherein the bib has less than about 50 grams of CBS.     Abandoned bib. 16． 16. The disposable of claim 15, wherein the bib has less than about 40 grams of CBS.     Bib. 17． Bibs from the group consisting of paper webs, nonwovens and their combinations     A disposable bib according to claim 11, comprising one or more selected layers.     . 18． 18. The bib further comprising a thermoplastic resin backsheet.     The disposable bib described in. 19. A disposable bib,     Selected from the group consisting of paper webs, nonwoven webs and their combinations     An outwardly facing absorbent topsheet, comprising at least one layer;     A liquid-impermeable backsheet facing the body,     Notch tear resistance (NTR) of at least about 485 grams bib and less than about 40 grams     Disposable bib with a circular bending stiffness (CBS).