JP2001509011A - 微小藻類懸濁液の脱水及び微小藻類からの成分の抽出のための浮遊分離法及びシステム - Google Patents
微小藻類懸濁液の脱水及び微小藻類からの成分の抽出のための浮遊分離法及びシステムInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001509011A JP2001509011A JP52882898A JP52882898A JP2001509011A JP 2001509011 A JP2001509011 A JP 2001509011A JP 52882898 A JP52882898 A JP 52882898A JP 52882898 A JP52882898 A JP 52882898A JP 2001509011 A JP2001509011 A JP 2001509011A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- algae
- suspension
- gas
- brine
- algal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. a)微小藻類の水性懸濁液をその供給源から入手し; b)前記水性懸濁液からの藻類細胞の吸着気泡分離を促進するのに充分なだけ 、藻類細胞を破裂させ;そして c)細胞を微細気泡に吸着させて気泡−藻類凝集物を形成し且つ前記凝集物の 泡沫を形成する工程を含む、1種またはそれ以上の吸着気泡分離技術によって懸 濁液から細胞を分離する 工程を含んでなる微小藻類の水性懸濁液の脱水方法。 2. 藻類を脱水する前記吸着気泡分離技術が、泡沫浮遊、電解浮遊、溶解気体 浮遊及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選ばれる請求の範囲第1項に記載の 方法。 3. 水性懸濁液を機械的に濾過することをさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第1項 に記載の方法。 4. 脱水された藻類から少なくとも1種の成分を抽出することを更に含んでな る請求の範囲第1項に記載の方法。 5. a)微小藻類の水性懸濁液をその供給源から入手し; b)前記水性懸濁液からの藻類細胞の吸着気泡分離を促進するのに充分なだけ 、藻類細胞を破裂させ; c)水性懸濁液と接触させるために、気体を微細気泡に分散させ; d)微細気泡を水性懸濁液と緊密接触させ; e)気泡表面に藻類を吸着させて、水性懸濁液と密度の異なる気泡−藻類凝集 物を形成し;そして f)水性懸濁液から気泡−藻類凝集物を分離して、脱水藻類濃縮物を得る 工程を含んでなる微小藻類の水性懸濁液の脱水方法。 6. 気体を微細気泡に分散させる前記工程が、水性懸濁液の液体ジェットを発 生させ且つ気体を通って懸濁液中に液体ジェットを噴射すること;懸濁液中への 気体の散布;懸濁液中に気体を導入し且つ懸濁液と気体とを機械的に剪断するこ と;及びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる請求の範囲第5項に記載の方法。 7. 気体を微細気泡に分散させる前記工程が、水性懸濁液に電流を通すことを 含んでなる請求の範囲第5項に記載の方法。 8. 気体を微細気泡に分散させる前記工程が、液体を加圧し、加圧液体中に気 体を溶解させ、加圧液体中に溶解された気体を水性懸濁液に導入し、そして圧力 を開放して、気体を核生成させて微細気泡を形成することを含んでなる請求の範 囲第5項に記載の方法。 9. 微細気泡を水性懸濁液と緊密接触させる前記工程が、機械的混合、空気混 合、微細気泡と水性懸濁液の順流、微細気泡と水性懸濁液との向流及びそれらの 組み合わせから選ばれる請求の範囲第5項に記載の方法。 10.気泡−藻類凝集物を水性懸濁液から分離する前記工程が、重力または遠心 力による分離を含む請求の範囲第5項に記載の方法。 11.藻類細胞を破裂させる前記工程が、水性浮懸濁中の細胞の、気泡の存在下 における機械的剪断;細胞を破裂させるのに充分な圧力における、狭窄部を通る 液相への水性懸濁液の注入;細胞を破裂させるのに充分な圧力におけるジェーム ソンセルの操作;及びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる請求の範囲第5項に記載 の方法。 12.前記工程c)〜f)を繰り返して、藻類をさらに脱水する請求の範囲第5 項に記載の方法。 13.藻類細胞を破裂させる工程b)の後に、水性懸濁液の機械的濾過をさらに 含んでなる請求の範囲第5項に記載の方法。 14.脱水藻類から少なくとも1種の成分を抽出することをさらに 含んでなる請求の範囲第5項に記載の方法。 15.藻類Dunaliella salinaのブライン中水性懸濁液の脱水方法であって、 a)D.salinaの水性懸濁液をその供給源から入手し; b)ブラインからの藻類の吸着気泡分離を促進するのに充分なだけ、D.salin a細胞を破裂させ; c)ブラインと接触させるために、気体を微細気泡に分散させ; d)微細気泡をブラインと緊密接着させ; e)気泡表面に藻類を吸着させて、ブラインと密度の異なる気泡−藻類凝集物 を形成し;そして f)ブラインから気泡−藻類凝集物を分離して、脱水D.salina濃縮物を得る 工程を含んでなる方法。 16.D.salina細胞を破裂させる前記工程b)が、約50〜200psigの圧力低下及 び約100〜300%の再循環率%でポンプループ中において狭窄部を通して水性懸濁 液を循環させることを含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 17.D.salina細胞を破裂させる工程b)が、気泡の存在下において水性懸濁 液中で、細胞を破裂させるのに充分な先端速度でインペラーを回転させ、細胞を 破裂させるのに充分な圧力で狭窄部を通して液相中に水性懸濁液を送入し、そし て細胞を破裂するのに充分な圧力でジェームソンセル供給材料入り口を通して水 性懸濁液を送入することを含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 18.前記気体が酸化剤を含まない請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 19.前記気体が、空気、窒素、二酸化炭素、軽質炭化水素、貴ガス及びそれら の混合物からなる群から選ばれる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 20.細胞を破裂させる前記工程b)の後に、水性懸濁液を深床濾材と接触させ 、藻類を濾材中に収集し、そして濾材から藻類を回収する工程をさらに含んでな る請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 21.濾材からの藻類の回収を、水、ブライン、ならびに天然香料、合成香料、 食用油、石油化学溶剤及びそれらの組み合わせから選ばれる1種またはそれ以上 の有機溶剤からなる群から選ばれた液体による逆洗によって行う請求の範囲第20 項に記載の方法。 22.深床濾材が、ガーネットサンド、珪砂、無煙炭、グラスウール及びそれら の混合物からなる群から選ばれる請求の範囲第21項に記載の方法。 23.前記工程(c)〜(f)を繰り返して、藻類懸濁液から、抽出可能な濃度 の有用成分を得る請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 24.食用油、天然香料、合成香料、石油化学溶剤、濃密ガス及びそれらの混合 物からなる群から選ばれた溶剤によって、脱水藻類から有用成分を抽出する工程 をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 25.a)脱水藻類濃縮物を、食用油、天然香料、合成香料、石油化学溶剤、濃 密ガス及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれた溶剤と接触させ; b)藻類濃縮物と溶剤とを相分離させて、混合カロテノイドと溶剤を多く含む 粗抽出物相、藻類残渣のくず層、及びブラインを多く含むラフィネート相を生成 し;そして c)粗抽出物中のカロテノイドを濃縮する 工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 26.くず層を処理して、グリセロール、蛋白質、クロロフィル及びそれらの混 合物からなる群から選ばれる成分を回収する工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲 第25項に記載の方法。 27.前記食用油溶剤が、コーン油、大豆油、オリーブ油、ピーナッツ油、ゴマ 油及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれ、前記天然香料が、リモネン、酪酸 エチル及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれ、前記合成香料が、酢酸エチル 、プロピオン酸エチル、合成酪酸エチル、ベンズアルデヒド、合成リモネン及び それらの混合物からなる群から選ばれ、前記石油化学溶剤がヘプタン、キシレン 、塩化メチレン、クロロベンゼン及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれ、且 つ前記濃密ガスが、二酸化炭素、エタン、プロパン、ブタン、クロロフルオロカ ーボン及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれる請求の範囲第25項に記載の方 法。 28.食用油または香料中のカロテノイド抽出物をクロマトグラフィーによって 精製することをさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第27項に記載の方法。 29.a)脱水藻類を、食用油、天然香料、合成香料、石油化学溶剤、濃密ガス およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれた第1の溶剤と接触させ; b)脱水藻類と第1の溶剤とを相分離させて、カロテノイドと溶剤を多く含む 粗抽出物相、藻類残渣のくず層、及びブラインを多く含むラフィネート相を生成 し;そして c)第1の溶剤を第2の溶剤と交換する 工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 30.前記工程f)からの脱水D.salinaを、十字流ミクロ濾過膜を通過させ、 そして藻類が枯渇したブラインの透過液流及び抽出可能な濃度の藻類を含む貯留 物流を生成する工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 31.抽出可能な濃度の藻類を濃密ガスと接触させ、混合カロテノイドを濃密ガ ス中に抽出し、そして濃密ガスから混合カロテノイド を回収する工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第30項に記載の方法。 32.1)水性懸濁液を微細気泡と接触させる前記工程d)の前に、溶剤をブラ イン中に分散させ、 2)脱水藻類と前分散溶剤とを相分離させて、混合カロテノイドと溶剤とを多 く含む粗抽出物相、藻類残渣のくず層及びブラインを多く含むラフィネート相を 形成し;そして 3)粗抽出物中のカロテノイドを濃縮する 工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第15項に記載の方法。 33.a)D.salinaの水性懸濁液をその供給源から入手し; b)約50〜200psigの圧力低下及び約100〜300%の再循環率%でポンプループ 中において狭窄部を通してブラインを循環させることによって、D.salina細胞 の少なくとも一部分を破裂させ; c)前記工程b)からのブラインを泡沫浮遊路中で処理して、藻類濃縮物を生 成し; d)前記藻類濃縮物を十字流ミクロ濾過膜を通過させて、藻類が枯渇したブラ インの透過液流及び抽出可能な濃度の藻類を含む貯留物流を生成し; e)抽出可能な濃度の藻類を濃密ガスと接触させ; f)混合カロテノイドを濃密ガス中に抽出し;そして g)該濃密ガスから混合カロテノイドを回収する 工程を含んでなる藻類Dunaliella salinaのブライン中懸濁液からの混合カロテ ノイドの回収方法。 34.前記工程g)で回収されたカロテノイドから乾燥混合カロテノイド生成物 を製造する工程をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第33項に記載の方法。 35.泡沫浮遊路中でブラインを処理して藻類濃縮物を生成する前 記工程c)が、 a)ブラインを予備濃縮ゾーンに導人して、藻類濃度が適度に増加したブライ ンを回収し;そして b)工程a)から回収されたブラインを、濃縮ゾーンに導入して、藻類濃縮物 を生成する 工程を含む請求の範囲第33項に記載の方法。 36.ブラインを泡沫浮遊路中で処理して藻類濃縮物を生成する前記工程c)が 、 a)ブラインの液体ジェットを発生させ、そして、該液体ジェットを気体を通 してブライン中に噴射して、気体を微細気泡中に分散させ; b)微細気泡とブラインとの順流によって微細気泡をブラインと緊密接触させ ; c)気泡表面に藻類を吸着させて、気泡−藻類凝集物を形成し; d)気泡−藻類凝集物を重力によってブラインから分離して、泡沫を得; e)泡沫を気泡崩壊させ; f)工程a)〜e)を少なくとも1回繰り返して、第1の藻類濃縮物を得; g)工程f)に従って得られた第1の藻類濃縮物中に気体を散布して、気体を 微細気泡中に分散させ; h)微細気泡と藻類濃縮物とを緊密接触させ; i)工程c)〜e)を繰り返して、第2の藻類濃縮物を得る工程を含んでなる 請求の範囲第33項に記載の方法。 37.a)微小藻類の水性懸濁液をその供給源から入手する手段; b)懸濁液からの藻類細胞の吸着気泡分離を促進するのに充分なだけ、藻類細 胞を破裂させる手段;ならびに c)吸着気泡分離による懸濁液からの細胞の分離手段であって、気泡発生手段 、気泡を懸濁液と緊密接触させて気泡上に藻類細胞を吸着させることによって気 泡−藻類凝集物を形成する手段及び懸濁液から凝集物を分離する手段を含んでな る手段 を、流体連通されて含んでなる微小藻類の水性懸濁液の脱水システム。 38.脱水藻類から少なくとも1種の成分を抽出する手段をさらに含んでなる請 求の範囲第37項に記載のシステム。 39.前記細胞破裂手段からの破裂細胞を受容するための、流体速通された、水 性懸濁液を機械的に濾過する手段をさらに含んでなる請求の範囲第37項に記載の システム。 40.前記気泡発生手段が、水性懸濁液の液体ジェットを発生させ且つ気体を通 って懸濁液中に液体ジェットを噴射する手段;懸濁液中に気体を散布する手段; 気体を懸濁液中に導入し且つ懸濁液と気体とを剪断する手段;及びそれらの組み 合わせからなる群から選ばれた手段を含んでなる請求の範囲第37項に記載のシス テム。 41.気泡と藻類細胞とを緊密接触させる前記手段が、機械的混合手段、空気混 合手段、微細気泡と水性懸濁液の順流を提供する手段、微細気泡と水性懸濁液と の向流を提供する手段及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選ばれる手段を含 んでなる請求の範囲第37項に記載のシステム。 42.藻類Dunaliella salinaのブライン中水性懸濁液を脱水するシステムであ って、ブライン中の藻類濃度を適度に増大するための予備濃縮ゾーンを規定する 、藻類の泡沫浮遊のための少なくとも1つの第1手段、ならびに藻類濃縮物を生 成するための濃縮ゾーンを規定する、前記第1手段と直列に流体連通された、藻 類の泡沫浮遊のための少なくとも1つの第2手段を有する泡沫浮遊路を含んでな るシステム。 43.前記予備濃縮ゾーン及び前記濃縮ゾーンが各々、機械的セル、空気セル及 びそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選ばれた、直列または並列に流体連通され た、1個またはそれ以上の泡沫浮遊装置を含んでなる請求の範囲第42項に記載の システム。 44.前記空気セルが、ジェームソンセル、MSTLFLOカラム、気泡カラム、ASHユ ニット、EKOFLOTセル、微細気泡浮遊カラム及びそれらの組み合わせからなる群 から選ばれる請求の範囲第43項に記載のシステム。 45.予備濃縮ゾーンを規定する前記手段がジェームソンセルを含む請求の範囲 第42項に記載のシステム。 46.濃縮ゾーンを規定する前記手段が、藻類濃度が適度に増大されたブライン を受容する予備濃縮ゾーンを規定する前記手段と直列に流体連通された第1のジ ェームソンセル濃縮機、及び第1のジェームソンセル濃縮機と直列に流体連通さ れた第2のMSTLFLOカラム濃縮機を含む請求の範囲第42項に記載のシステム。 47.藻類細胞を破裂させる手段をさらに含んでなり、前記手段が、破裂藻類細 胞を予備濃縮ゾーンに供給するための、予備濃縮ゾーンを規定する前記手段と流 体連通している請求の範囲第42項に記載のシステム。 48.前記細胞破裂手段が、狭窄部を有するポンプループを含んでなる請求の範 囲第47項に記載のシステム。 49.予備濃縮ゾーンを規定する泡沫浮遊するための前記第1手段が、少なくと も1つのダウンカマー及び1つのライザーを有するジェームソンセルを含み、前 記ダウンカマーが供給材料入り口を有し、ジェームソンセルが藻類細胞を破裂さ せる手段を含み、前記破裂手段が、供給材料が充分な圧力で通る際に細胞が破裂 される狭窄部 を、ダウンカマー中に供給材料入り口に隣接して含む請求の範囲第42項に記載の システム。 50.a)藻類Dunaliella salinaを含むブラインをその供給源から入手するた めのポンプ; b)前記ポンプを通してブラインを再循環するライン; c)次の泡沫浮遊のために藻類細胞を充分に破裂させることができる、圧力低 下を前記ライン中に生じる、前記ライン中の狭窄部; d)藻類濃度が適度に増大されたブラインを回収する、前記ポンプと流体連通 している第1のジェームソンセル; e)ブライン中の藻類をさらに濃縮する、第1のジェームソンセルと流体連通 している第2のジェームソンセル; f)少なくとも約2,000ppmの藻類濃縮物を生成する第2のジェームソンセルと 流体連通しているMSTLFLOカラム; g)藻類濃度が少なくとも約10,000ppmの貯留物を生成する、MSTLFLOカラムと 流体連通している十字流ミクロフィルター; h)前記藻類濃縮物から混合カロテノイドを抽出する、前記十字流ミクロフィ ルターと流体連通している抽出ユニット を含んでなる藻類Dunaliella salinaのブライン中水性懸濁液から混合カロテノ イドを回収するシステム。 51.破裂された細胞を受容し、細胞を濾過し、そして濾過された細胞を第1の ジェームソンセルに運搬するために配置された深床フィルターをさらに含んでな る請求の範囲第50項に記載のシステム。
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JP2001506866A (ja) * | 1996-12-20 | 2001-05-29 | イーストマン ケミカル カンパニー | 微小藻類細胞の破裂方法 |
JP2010013457A (ja) * | 2001-09-04 | 2010-01-21 | Lycored Natural Products Industries Ltd | カロテノイド抽出法 |
JP2012523849A (ja) * | 2009-04-20 | 2012-10-11 | オリジンオイル,インコーポレイテッド | 藻類から細胞内生成物および細胞塊および砕片を得るためのシステム、装置および方法、ならびにその誘導物および使用法 |
JP2010284643A (ja) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-24 | Palo Alto Research Center Inc | 連続フロー膜を用いずに藻類を脱水するための方法および装置 |
JP2014529607A (ja) * | 2011-08-26 | 2014-11-13 | ピーティーティー グローバル ケミカル パブリック カンパニー リミテッド | 天然物質からルテイン/キサントフィルを抽出する方法、並びにこの方法により得られる高度精製ルテイン/キサントフィル |
KR101532586B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-06-30 | 이상호 | 고체상 추출 장치 |
CN107487860A (zh) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-19 | 广西南宁荣威德新能源科技有限公司 | 一种污水养殖微藻装置及其制作方法 |
JP2021171761A (ja) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-11-01 | 韓国原子力研究院Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute | 非金属鉱物の選択的分離のための多段浮遊選別装置 |
JP7074909B2 (ja) | 2020-04-17 | 2022-05-24 | 韓国原子力研究院 | 非金属鉱物の選択的分離のための多段浮遊選別装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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IL130026A (en) | 2003-12-10 |
IL130026A0 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
US5951875A (en) | 1999-09-14 |
WO1998028082A1 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
AU6012598A (en) | 1998-07-17 |
AU717340B2 (en) | 2000-03-23 |
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