JP2001355685A - Reduction gear having self lock function and hoist machine using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high performance reduction gear having not only a self lock function but also a high reliability and a simple structure and the capability of reducing size. SOLUTION: An input shaft 11 supported pivotally and rotatably on a supporting body 2 is provided with an eccentric shaft part 11d. Three pins 16 are provided at equal intervals on the same circumference with the eccentric shaft part 11d as a center on one side surface of an external tooth gear 14 fitted rotatably into the eccentric shaft part 11d. Three round holes 10 fitted into the pins 16 are provided so that the external tooth gear 14 may be eccentrically moved on the same circumference with the input shaft 11 as a center on an internal surface of the supporting body 2 opposed to one side surface of the external tooth gear 14. An output body 17 supported pivotally and rotatably on the supporting body 2 so as to be concentric with the input shaft 11 is provided with an internal tooth gear 24 engaged with the external tooth gear 14 with internal teeth slightly more than the number of external teeth of the external tooth gear 14.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is designed to reliably transmit torque from an input shaft to an output member, but to prevent transmission of torque from an output member to an input shaft. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a speed reducer having a self-locking function, and a hoist using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional spur gear type reduction gear used in a hoisting machine or the like, unless a special braking device is provided,
It is not possible to reliably prevent the torque from the output shaft from being transmitted to the input shaft. In a reduction gear using a worm gear, a certain degree of self-locking function can be provided by setting the lead angle to be equal to or less than the tooth surface friction angle, but the tooth surface friction coefficient depends on the tooth surface slip speed and vibration. In some cases, the self-locking property may be lower than the expected value due to changes in lubricating conditions, etc., and in such a case, a loosening accident may occur.

The present inventor has invented a highly-reliable self-locking reduction gear by using a compound-number-difference compound hypocycloid mechanism having a two-stage internal gear mechanism. No. 11-210793
are doing.

[0004]

The speed reducer of the prior application has been developed mainly for the purpose of obtaining a high speed reduction ratio of 40: 1 or more, but is 8: 1 to 40: 1.
There is a demand for a reduction gear having a simpler structure and a highly reliable self-locking function for a reduced speed ratio of the order.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of such demands, the present invention has a high-performance speed reducer which not only has a highly reliable self-locking function but also has a simpler structure and can be reduced in size. It aims to provide a hoist.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is solved as follows. (1) In the reduction gear transmission, an eccentric shaft portion is provided on an input shaft rotatably supported on a support, and the eccentric shaft portion on one side of an external gear that is rotatably fitted to the eccentric shaft portion is centered on the eccentric shaft portion. On the same circumference, three pins or round holes are provided at equal intervals, and on the same circumference around the input shaft on the inner surface of the support facing one side of the external gear, An output gear pivotally supported by the support so as to be rotatable concentrically with the input shaft is provided with three round holes or pins fitted with the pins or round holes so that the external gear can eccentrically move. The body is provided with an internal gear that meshes with the external gear with internal teeth slightly larger than the number of external teeth of the external gear.

(2) In the above item (1), the support is provided with braking means for braking the input shaft.

(3) In the above item (2), the braking means
The input shaft is constituted by a pair of elastically deformable rods or leaf springs whose both ends are fixed to the support and the input shaft is elastically gripped from both sides at an intermediate portion.

(4) In any one of the above items (1) to (3), the input shaft may be protruded from one end of the support, and the output may be shaft-shaped. Protrude so that they are aligned on the same axis.

(5) In a hoist using the speed reducer according to any one of the above (1) to (3), the output body is a winding drum for winding a cable, and a rotary handle connected to an input shaft. The cable is wound by rotating the input shaft.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of a hoist using a speed reducer having a self-locking function according to the present invention (embodiments of the first to third and fifth aspects of the present invention).

A support (2) in the hoisting machine (1) includes a support frame (3) having a U-shape in a front view and a left side piece thereof.
A substantially horizontal cylindrical bearing (5) fixed to the upper inner surface of (3a) with a set screw (4), and an inner member disposed on the upper inner surface of the right side piece (3b) of the support frame (3). Female thread of tube (6) (6
a), the external thread (7b) of the outer cylinder (7) in which the head (7a) is disposed outside the side piece (3b) is passed through the side piece (3b), and screwed, A bearing cylinder (8) fixed to the upper part of the side piece (3b) so as to be located on the same horizontal axis (0) as the bearing (5).

At the right end of the left bearing (5), an enlarged flange is provided.
(5a) is formed, and an axis (0) is formed at the center of the right end.
A bearing hole (9) extending coaxially to the left and having an enlarged step hole (9a) at the closed left end is provided.

On the right end face of the enlarged diameter flange (5a), on the same circumference centered on the axis (0), three blind holes are formed at equal intervals. ing. Inner cylinder (6)
The left end is formed with an enlarged flange (6b).

The left input bearing (5) and the right input sleeve (8) of the support (2) form a horizontal input shaft (1
The left end of 1) and the vicinity of the right end are bearing.

The input shaft (11) has a square shaft portion (11a), a medium-diameter shaft portion (11b), a large-diameter shaft portion (11c), and an eccentric shaft portion (11d) successively from the right end to the left end. And a small-diameter shaft portion (11e), so that the square shaft portion (11a) projects rightward from the outer cylinder (7), and the middle-diameter shaft portion (11b) is inserted into the outer cylinder (7). The large-diameter shaft portion (11c) is fitted in the metal sleeve (12) pressed into the inner cylinder (6), and the small-diameter shaft portion (11e) is fitted in the bearing hole (9) of the bearing (5). 13), each is supported horizontally by the support (2) so as to be rotatable around the axis (0).

A metal sleeve (15) press-fitted into the shaft hole of the external gear (14) is rotatably fitted to the eccentric shaft (11d) of the input shaft (11).

An external gear (14) facing the right end face of the bearing (5)
On the same circumference centered on the eccentric shaft portion (11d) on the left end surface of the (3), three pins (16) fitted into the rounded holes (10) are protruded at equal intervals.

As shown in FIG. 5, each round hole (1
The distance (r1) to the center (01) of (0) is the center of the eccentric shaft (11d).
The distance (r2) from (02) to the center (03) of each pin (16) is almost the same, and the radius (r3) of the round hole (10) and the radius (r4) of the pin (16)
(R3−r4) is substantially equal to the amount of eccentricity (r5) of the eccentric shaft portion (11d) from the axis (0).

As a result, when the input shaft (11) rotates, each pin (16) slides along the inner surface of each round hole (10) while the pin (16) slides.
The external gear (14) moves eccentrically with respect to the support (2) without rotating around the axis (0).

Inner cylinder of left bearing (5) and right bearing cylinder (8)
On the outer periphery of (6), a winding drum (17) serving as an output body is provided.
The needle bearings (18) and (19) are rotatably fitted around the axis (0).

The winding drum (17) comprises a cylindrical portion (20) and large-diameter flange portions (21) and (21) formed at both ends thereof.
(20) is formed to be separable left and right by screwing two cylindrical bodies (22) and (23) together with screwing parts (22a) and (23a).

On the inner surface of the cylindrical body (22) substantially at the center of the cylindrical part (20), the internal teeth having the number of teeth (N2) slightly larger than the number of external teeth (N1) of the external gear (14) are provided. The internal gear (24) meshing with the external teeth of the external gear (14) is fixedly fitted so as to be concentric with the axis (0).

As shown by an imaginary line in FIG.
(17) has a wire (cable) (25) wound thereon,
The input shaft (11) has a rotating shaft (11a) with a manual rotary handle.
(26) is fitted. Instead of the wire (25), a rope or other cable may be wound around the winding drum (17).

By rotating the rotary handle (26) in a desired direction, the input shaft (11) is rotated, whereby the external gear (14) is moved relative to the support (2) as described above. It is eccentrically moved about the axis (0) without rotating, and at this time, the internal gear (2) meshing with the external gear (14)
4) and the integral take-up drum (17), the input shaft (11)
Per one rotation, the angular velocity corresponding to the difference between the number of internal teeth (N2) and the number of external teeth (N1), that is, (N2-N1) / N2, the rotation direction of the input shaft (11) Rotated in the same direction, wire (25)
Is wound on the winding drum (17) or fed out therefrom.

When the rotary handle (26) and the input shaft (11) are stopped and an external force is applied to the take-up drum (17) to rotate the take-up drum (17) in any rotational direction, FIGS. 5
As shown in FIG. 3, one of the combinations of the three round holes (10) and the pins (16) comes into contact with each other so as to prevent the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the external gear (14) in FIG. Therefore, the rotation of the winding drum (17) is prevented (self-locking), and the rotation force from the winding drum (17) side is not transmitted to the input shaft (11) and the rotating handle (26) side. Absent.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a pair of upper and lower bars (or leaf springs) made of spring steel or the like is provided in the bearing (5).
(27) (27) presses the small-diameter shaft portion (11e) of the input shaft (11) that has entered the enlarged-diameter step hole (9a) from above and below (or back and forth) at the middle portion, and has both ends. It is provided so as to be fitted in a front-rear direction support hole (28) formed in the outer peripheral wall of the diameter-enlarged step hole (9a).

The two rods (27) and (27) are elastically deformed by elastically holding the small-diameter shaft (11e) at an intermediate portion thereof.
It serves as braking means for braking the input shaft (11).

[0029] Such a braking means has a function of making the self-locking function more reliable, and also has a function of giving a moderate resistance to the operation of the rotary handle (26) and improving the operability. I have.

However, when the rotational resistance of the input shaft (11) is large to some extent, such a braking means may be omitted.
Further, another known braking means other than the above-described braking means composed of the pair of bars (27), (27) may be used.

Further, in the above embodiment, the round hole (1
0) is provided on the left end face of the external gear (14), and the pin (16) is attached to the bearing (5).
May be provided on the right end face.

In the above embodiment, the support (2),
The input shaft (11), the external gear (14), the internal gear (24), the winding drum (17) serving as an output body, and the like constitute a reduction gear having a self-locking function of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment (an embodiment of the invention according to claims 1 to 4) of a speed reducer having a self-locking function according to the present invention.

Since the basic configuration of this embodiment is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted, and different points will be mainly described.

In this embodiment, the end wall (3
A lid (32) at the right end of a horizontal cylinder (31) having 1a)
By screwing, a support (33) of the speed reducer (30) having a self-locking function is formed, and an output shaft (34) serving as an output body is bearing at the center of the end wall (31a), The ball bearings (37) and (38) are provided in the bearing hole (35) formed at the center of the right end of the output shaft (34) and the bearing hole (36) in the center of the lid (32). Bearings at the left end and almost the center, the outer eccentric shaft (39a) formed in the middle of the input shaft (39) sandwiched between the left and right ball bearings (37) and (38) Tooth gear (40)
Three round holes (42) fitted to each other are fitted on the right end surface of the external gear (40) and the left end surface of the lid (32) facing the outer gear so as to be rotatable via the needle bearing (41). ) And pin (43)
The external gear (40) is externally fitted to the outer periphery of the right end of the output shaft (34) and provided with a spring pin (44) in the same relationship as the above-described relationship between the round hole (10) and the pin (16). ) Is fixed to the internal gear (45), and the right end of the output shaft (34) is
By gripping the left end of the input shaft (39) from above and below on the drawing, a braking force was applied to the input shaft (39).
A pair of upper and lower bars (or leaf springs) (46) and (46) similar to the above-described bars (27) and (27) are provided.

The speed reducer (30) rotates the input shaft (39) in a desired direction by the same principle and operation as the speed reducer in the previous embodiment, so that the output gear integrated with the internal gear (45) is output. Move the shaft (34) in the same direction, (N2-N1) / N2 (N1 is the number of external teeth of the external gear (40), N2 is the number of internal teeth of the internal gear (45))
And the input shaft (3
When 9) is stopped, the torque from the output shaft (34) is applied to the input shaft (39).
The transmission to the side can be reliably prevented, and a highly reliable self-locking function can be exhibited.

In the speed reducer (30) shown in FIG. 6, the input shaft (39) is projected from one end of the support (33), and the output shaft (34), which is the output, is formed in a shaft shape. Since it protrudes from the other end of the body (33) so as to be aligned with the input shaft (39), it can be easily used for any drive mechanism where the driving shaft and the driven shaft are arranged in a straight line. And a highly versatile reduction gear transmission can be provided.

[0038]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a simple method in which a set of an internal gear and an external gear are engaged with each other, and a round hole and a pin are provided on a surface facing the external gear and the support. With a simple structure, it is possible to reliably prevent the torque from the output body side from being transmitted to the input shaft side, to obtain a highly reliable self-locking function, and to reduce the size and performance of the reduction gear transmission. be able to.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the self-locking function can be made more reliable by the braking means, and an appropriate resistance force is applied to the rotation of the input shaft to improve the operability. Can be planned.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the structure of the braking means can be simplified, and the cost can be reduced.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a highly versatile speed reducer which can be easily incorporated into any drive mechanism can be provided.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, while having a highly reliable self-locking function, the structure is simple,
A small, high-performance hoist can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a central vertical sectional front view of an embodiment of a hoist using a reduction gear of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view.

FIG. 6 is a central longitudinal sectional front view showing another embodiment of the reduction gear transmission of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Hoisting machine (2) Support (3) Support frame (3a) (3b) Side piece (4) Set screw (5) Bearing cylinder (5a) Diameter expanding flange (6) Inner cylinder (6a) Female thread (6b) Expanding flange (7) Outer cylinder (7a) Head (7b) Male thread (8) Bearing cylinder (9) Bearing hole (9a) Expanding step hole (10) Round hole (11) Input shaft (11a ) Square shaft (11b) Medium diameter shaft (11c) Large diameter shaft (11d) Eccentric shaft (11e) Small diameter shaft (12) Metal sleeve (13) Needle bearing (14) External gear (15) Metal Sleeve (16) Pin (17) Winding drum (output body) (18) (19) Needle bearing (20) Tube (21) Expanding flange (22) (23) Tube (22a) (23a) Screw Joint (24) Internal gear (25) Wire (26) Rotating handle (27) Bar (braking means) (28) Support hole (30) Reduction gear (31) Cylindrical body (31a) End wall (32) Lid (33) Support (34) Output shaft (output) (35) (36) Bearing hole (37) (38) Ball bearing (39) Input shaft (39a) Eccentric shaft (40) External gear ( 41) Needle bearing (42) Round hole (43) Pin (44) Spring pin (45) Internal teeth Gear (46) Bar (0) Axis (01) (02) Center (r1) (r2) Distance (r3) (r4) Radius (r5) Eccentricity (N1) (N2) Number of teeth

Claims (5)

[Claims] An eccentric shaft portion is provided on an input shaft rotatably supported on a support, and the same eccentric shaft portion on one side surface of an external gear that is rotatably fitted to the eccentric shaft portion. On the circumference, three pins or round holes are provided at equal intervals, and the outer teeth are formed on the same circumference centered on the input shaft on the inner surface of the support facing one side of the external gear. The gear is engaged with the pin or the round hole so that the gear can eccentrically move.
Provided on the output body, which is rotatably supported by the support so as to be concentric with the input shaft and having slightly more internal teeth than the number of external teeth of the external gear. A reduction gear having a self-locking function, wherein an internal gear engaged with the external gear is provided. 2. The reduction gear having a self-locking function according to claim 1, wherein a braking means for braking the input shaft is provided on the support. 3. The braking means comprises a pair of elastically deformable rods or leaf springs having both ends secured to the support and an intermediate portion elastically gripping the input shaft from both sides. Item 3. A reduction gear having a self-locking function according to Item 2. 4. The input shaft is protruded from one end of the support, and the output body is formed in a shaft shape and protrudes from the other end of the support so as to be aligned with the input shaft on the same axis. 3
A reduction gear having a self-locking function according to any one of the above. 5. The cable according to claim 1, wherein the output member is a winding drum for winding the cable, and the cable is wound by rotating the input shaft with a rotary handle connected to the input shaft.
3. A hoist using the speed reducer having a self-locking function according to any one of 3.