JP2545473B2 - Reduction gear for civil engineering and construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a speed reducer preferably used in a civil engineering machine such as a crane.

[Prior Art] Civil engineering and construction machines such as cranes must handle extremely large loads. However,
For example, infinitely increasing the output of a power source such as an electric motor is problematic in terms of cost and space. On the other hand, when handling a large load in a civil engineering machine, it is necessary to increase the handling speed so much. There is no. Based on these circumstances, various speed reducers are used in civil engineering machines and the like.

Generally, a speed reducer configured by using a gear train is often used. This is because a desired deceleration rate can be obtained by selecting various gears.

However, a reduction gear constructed by combining gears is said to be unsuitable as a reduction gear for civil engineering and construction machinery that handles large loads due to multi-stage deceleration and difficulty in transmitting large torque when the reduction ratio is large. A device having a problem and capable of transmitting a large torque is difficult to reduce in size and weight due to multistage deceleration. Further, a speed reducer that does not use gears has been proposed, but the range of selection of the rotation direction and the speed reduction ratio is narrow. For example, in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-75987 (Kaikaihei 1-180047), the speed reduction ratio is 1/1000. Has a problem that the belt has a very large deceleration rate, and a belt having a large torque is practically difficult to use, and it is not sufficient as a reducer for a civil engineering and construction machine.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention is capable of transmitting a large torque, downsizing and weight reduction, and capable of setting a rotation direction and a deceleration rate as desired. Is intended to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the speed reducer for civil engineering and construction machinery of the present invention, the input side shaft and the output shaft are provided coaxially, and one end of each is supported by the support member and the other side of the input side shaft is provided. The end is inserted into the other end of the output shaft and is rotatably supported, and the first sprocket integrally formed with the rotary frame is rotatably attached to one end of the input side shaft. Is composed of a pair of arms and a sprocket shaft connecting both arms and a balance weight, and a fourth sprocket and a fifth sprocket integrally connected by a boss portion are rotatably attached to the sprocket shaft. The second sprocket and the fourth sprocket fixed to the input side shaft are connected by a roller chain, and the third sprocket and the fifth sprocket fixed to the output shaft are connected by a roller chain. One end of the input side shaft is fixed to the support member, and the first sprocket is connected to a drive source by a roller chain.

[Operation] According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, since a power transmission mechanism including a chain and a sprocket is used, even a large torque can be reliably transmitted. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a speed reducer for civil engineering construction machines. Also, there is no need to insert an intermediate gear like a gear transmission mechanism,
Moreover, since it is not necessary to make the sprocket thicker than necessary, it is possible to reduce the weight.

When the rotation is transmitted from the input shaft, the arm and the sprocket (and the chain) operate in the same manner as a so-called planetary gear train, and the rotation decelerated to a desired deceleration rate is output from the output shaft. Then, by appropriately selecting the number of teeth of the sprocket, the rotational direction of the output shaft and the deceleration rate can be freely set and changed.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same members are designated by the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1, a first sprocket 7, an arm or rotating frame 9, and a third sprocket 17 are attached to an input side shaft 1 which is fixed to a shaft supporting member 5 by a key 4 and becomes a fixed shaft.
Is rotatably attached. The second sprocket 2 is fixed to the input side shaft 1 by the key 3.

The first sprocket 7 is fixed to the boss 8 of the rotary frame 9 by the key 3A, whereby the first sprocket 7 is fixed.
And the rotating frame 9 are integrated. A bearing 19 is interposed between the integrated member and the input side shaft 1 to enable rotation. The first sprocket 7 is connected to the sprocket 23 of the motor 10 via the roller chain 11.

A sprocket shaft 21 is attached to the tip of the rotary frame 9, and small sprockets 12 and 14 and a boss 13 are rotatably attached to the sprocket shaft 21. Then, the sprocket shaft 21, the small sprockets 12 and 14, the boss
A bearing 22 is interposed between the bearing 13 and the bearing 13.

The second sprocket 2 and the small sprocket 12 are connected by a roller chain 15, and the small sprocket 14 and the third sprocket 17 are connected by a roller chain 16. Then, the third sprocket 17 presses the output shaft 18 via the key 3B.
It is fixed to. The output shaft 18 is supported by a bearing 6, and the input side shaft 1 partially penetrates into the output shaft 18. A bearing 20 is interposed between the input side shaft 1 and the output shaft 18 to allow the output shaft 18 to rotate. Reference numeral 24 indicates a boss (on the side opposite to the boss 8) of the rotary frame 9, reference numeral 20 indicates a bearing, reference numeral 26 indicates a balance weight of the rotary frame 9, and reference numeral 25 indicates a rib of the rotary frame 9.

FIG. 2 schematically shows the input side shaft 1, the rotary frame 9, the sprockets 7, 2 and 17, the small sprockets 12 and 14, the sprocket shaft 21 and the output shaft 18 in FIG.

Next, a specific example of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described. The sprocket 23 of the motor 10 has 10 teeth, the first sprocket 7 has 100 teeth, the second sprocket 2 has 22 teeth, the small sprocket 12 has 10 teeth, and the small sprocket 14 has 10 teeth.
11 and the number of teeth of the third sprocket 17 is 24.

When the rotation speed of the motor 10 or the sprocket 23 is transmitted to the first sprocket 7 by the roller chain 11,
Will be 10. When the motor 10 or the sprocket 23 makes 10 revolutions, the first sprocket 7 makes one revolution (IP = 1 in FIG. 2).
The rotating frame 9 which is integrated with the first sprocket 7
Also rotates once.

Here, since the small sprockets 12 and 14 are integrated, the number of rotations thereof is the same, and the number of rotations is a value obtained by multiplying the number of rotations of the second sprocket 2 by 22/10. The second sprocket 2 is fixed, its rotation speed (the total number of revolutions and rotations) is zero, and the number of revolutions (the rotation speed of the rotating frame 9: common to all the sprockets) is one revolution.
The number of rotations is -1 rotation. Therefore, the small sprocket 12,
The rotation number of 14 is (-1) x (22/10) = -2.2 rotations (the negative sign indicates that the rotation is in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating frame 9: the same applies hereinafter).

Rotational speed of the third sprocket 17 (rotational speed of the output shaft 18)
Is the total of the number of revolutions and the number of revolutions (one revolution), and the number of revolutions is 11/24 times the number of revolutions of the small sprocket 14.
Therefore, the number of rotations of the third sprocket 17 is 1 + (− 2.2) × (11/24) = − 0.0083 = −1 / 120 rotations.

This means that the output shaft 18 rotates in the opposite direction to the rotating frame 9 (or the first sprocket 7) at a rotation speed of 1/120 thereof. Since the first sprocket 7 rotates in the same direction as the motor 10 at 1/10 of the rotation speed, the output shaft 18 eventually moves in the opposite direction to the motor 10.
It will rotate at a rotation speed of 1/1200. Therefore, the motor
If 10 rotates at 1000 rpm, output shaft 18 rotates at 0.83 rpm.

Here, if the number of rotating teeth of the small sprocket 14 is greater than the number of teeth of the third sprocket 17, the output shaft 18 rotates in the direction opposite to the rotating frame 9. When the number of teeth of the small sprocket 14 becomes 10 or less, the small sprocket 14 rotates in the same direction as the rotating frame 9.

Further, when it is desired to increase the reduction ratio, the number of rotations of the small sprocket 14 may be set to a fraction as close as possible to ± 1, so the number of teeth of each sprocket is selected accordingly. That is, the number of teeth of the sprockets 14 and 17 may be increased.

When the number of teeth of the second sprocket 2 and the small sprocket 12 is the same, the number of rotations of the small sprockets 12 and 14 becomes -1. Therefore, the rotation speed of the third sprocket 17 is 1 + {(-1) * (11/24)} = 0.542, and the third sprocket 17 rotates in the same direction as the rotary frame 9 at a deceleration rate of about 1/2.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, if the chain 15 is removed, the sprocket shaft 21 and the boss 13 are fixed, and the rotary frame 9 is rotated,
The output shaft 18 rotates in the same direction as the rotary frame 9. On the other hand, if the sprocket shaft 21 and the boss 13 are free, the output shaft 18 does not rotate. From this, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, if the number of rotating teeth of the small sprocket 14 is set equal to the number of teeth of the spcket 17, the output shaft 18 will not rotate.

[Advantages of the Invention] The present invention is configured as described above and exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) The deceleration rate can be widely selected by selecting the number of teeth of each sprocket.

(2) The rotation directions of the input shaft and output shaft can be changed by selecting the number of teeth on the sprocket.

(3) An extremely large deceleration rate can be selected, and a large torque can be obtained with a lightweight device.

(4) It can be made to function as two types of reduction gears by selecting the lock position.

(5) Therefore, it is suitable as a speed reducer for civil engineering and construction machines and has versatility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
It is the schematic diagram which illustrated and illustrated the Example of the figure. 1 ... Input side shaft 2, 7, 12, 14, 17 ... Sprocket, 9 ... Rotating frame 11, 15, 16 ... Roller chain, 18 ... Output shaft

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kiyo Fukuichi 6-5-16 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Pear Horseville Kajima Mechatronics Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-52-63555 (JP, A) ) Actual Kaihei 1-180047 (JP, U) Actual public Sho-26-4412 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. An input shaft and an output shaft are coaxially provided,
One end is rotatably supported by the support member, the other end of the input side shaft is inserted into the other end of the output shaft and rotatably supported, and the first sprocket is integrally configured at one end of the input side shaft. And a rotary frame are rotatably mounted, and the rotary frame is composed of a pair of arms, a sprocket shaft connecting both arms and a balance weight, and a fourth frame integrally connected to the sprocket shaft by a boss portion. A sprocket and a fifth sprocket are rotatably mounted, and a second sprocket and a fourth sprocket fixed to the input side shaft are connected by a roller chain and a third sprocket fixed to the output shaft.
And a fifth sprocket are connected by a roller chain, and one end of the input side shaft is fixed to the support member, and the first sprocket is connected to a drive source by a roller chain. Reducer for civil engineering and construction machinery.