JP2001335408A - Chemical agent using plant tar - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a chemical agent having the functions as a germicide, insect-proofing agent and deodorizer, etc. from a naturally occurring substance. SOLUTION: This chemical agent is such as to use a plant tar characterized by using a pyrolignous oil obtained by refining tar left after carbonizing plant/ wood materials.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of using plant tar obtained by carbonizing plant and wood materials, using wood vinegar oil obtained by purifying the plant tar as a fungicide, insect repellent, deodorant or antibacterial. The present invention relates to an agent used as a drug.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In daily living environments, various unpleasant pests such as fly and mosquito exist, various kinds of bacteria grow, or various odors exist. Spray-type chemicals and insecticides are used as insect repellents and insecticides for flies and mosquitoes. Chemically synthesized fungicides occupy the mainstream, but these chemicals are substances that are concerned about environmental pollution. is there. Known malodorous substances include nitrogen compounds such as ammonia and amines, and sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfite. At present, as a countermeasure against these odors, there are a masking method, a chemical reaction method, an adsorption method and the like. The masking method is a method of emitting a stronger fragrance than a bad smell so that the bad smell is not felt. The chemical reaction method is, for example, a method in which, if the malodor is an acidic odor, an alkaline solution or the like is sprayed to the malodor source and neutralized by a chemical reaction to remove the odor. The adsorption method is a method of adsorbing malodorous substances using an adsorbent such as activated carbon.

When a malodorous substance can be specified and the malodorous substance is of a small kind, a method suitable for the malodorous substance can be selected from the above-mentioned methods and the like, which is effective.
However, if the malodorous substance cannot be specified or if there are many types of malodorous substances, a suitable method cannot be selected. Also, there has been no deodorizing method or deodorizing agent that can respond to any odor.

[0004] In general, various germs exist in the living space. Conventionally, general households and offices have taken countermeasures against such bacteria, such as strengthening cleaning, but this is not an effective means in spite of requiring a great deal of labor. Effective disinfection with powerful disinfectants such as cresol and methyl alcohol in places where special attention must be paid to bacteria, such as hospitals and other places related to medical care, places to handle food such as cafeterias, and places for education such as nursery schools. Has been done. However, when sterilized with these powerful disinfectants, a peculiar off-odor remains, giving a discomfort to those who use the sterilized room.

[0005] Many of those conventionally used as fungicides, insect repellents, deodorants or fungicides are chemical agents obtained by a chemical synthesis method. While these chemicals act strongly on their intended function, they are also known to cause side effects. Therefore, various studies have been made on drugs having functions such as fungicides, insect repellents, deodorants, etc., as substances having few or no side effects than naturally occurring substances. Creosote obtained from carbonization of wood is an example of a drug collected from naturally occurring substances. Creosote is obtained by the following process as shown in FIG. That is, when the liquid product obtained by carbonizing wood is allowed to stand, a liquid containing a large amount of acetic acid in the upper layer (wood vinegar liquid)
And a blackish brown viscous liquid (wood tar) as a lower layer. The wood tar is distilled into an oil layer (wood vinegar oil) and an aqueous layer. Oil layer (wood vinegar oil) is further fractionated and 200 ℃ ～ 2
What collected the fraction at 30 degreeC is creosote. Creosote is composed mainly of guaiacol and 4-methylguaiacol (cresol) (50-80%) and about 10 other phenols. It is mainly used as an intestinal preservative and bacterial agent. It is used to treat tooth decay due to its action. But,
Since the substance went through many processes as described above, the yield was small and expensive. Further, the tar component obtained by dry-distilling coal is fractionated to form a 170-230 ° C. medium oil, 230 ° C.-7
Creosote or creosote oil is a generic term for heavy oil at 0 ° C and anthracene at 270 ° C to 360 ° C. It contains 200 kinds of components such as phenol, cresol, α-naphthol, antalacene, naphthalene and is mainly used for wood preservatives, paints, fishing net dyes, etc., and although its efficacy is excellent, it is a carcinogenic substance, benzopyrene. And other problems.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, wood vinegar oil obtained by distillation from plant tar has been studied as a result of various studies on safe drugs which can be collected at a lower cost than naturally occurring substances and do not adversely affect the natural world. Obtained the knowledge that it acts effectively as a bactericide, insect repellent, deodorant, etc.
The present invention has been completed, and the object of the present invention is to provide natural plants and
Wood vinegar oil, which is made from plant tar obtained by carbonization of wood, is used as a chemical.

[0007]

The gist of the present invention is to provide plants and
A drug using plant tar, characterized by using wood vinegar oil obtained by purifying the plant tar remaining when carbonizing wood as a drug, such as a fungicide, an insect repellent, a deodorant, etc. Is included. That is, the present invention is a deodorant that can effectively and safely deodorize a chemical odor in a hospital, a tobacco odor in a room, a pet odor in a home, and the like, and can sterilize a room such as a hospital room or a living room without causing a chemical odor. It is intended to provide an agent which effectively acts as a bactericide or an insect repellent which prevents unpleasant pests.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail. Plant tar used as a raw material in the present invention,
Wood such as conifers, hardwoods, etc., mussels, wasps, mats, sekichikus, choshitikus, tyzantsiks, moss
Plant materials such as bamboo, straw, bran, fruit, and flowers such as imamake, hotychik, shichiku, ryokuchiku, and bamboo are carbonized, and then obtained as a residue obtained by removing the wood vinegar solution. Are particularly preferred.
Wood is carbonized in a conventional manner. The liquid component obtained by cooling the gas component generated at the time of carbonization consists of wood tar and wood vinegar, and is a complex organic mixture of aldehydes, ketones, hydrocarbons, organic acids and phenols. In the present invention, this wood tar is purified. Either atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation may be used as a purification means, but vacuum distillation is preferred.
The vacuum distillation includes a pressure of 20 to 30 mmHg and a temperature of 30.
~ 150 ° C, preferably about 30 mmHg for about 1
Perform at 30 ° C. As a result of distillation under reduced pressure, it is obtained by separating into two phases of wood vinegar oil (oil phase) and water (water phase). Wood vinegar oil is divided into acidic oil and neutral oil, and both can be used in the present invention.

Conventionally, wood vinegar oil is usually fractionated and used as creosote, but in the present invention, wood vinegar oil is used as it is. The difference between the wood vinegar oil and creosote of the present invention is shown in the flow sheet of FIG. or,
The difference between wood vinegar oil and creosote as components is shown by the cas chromatography of FIG. Table 1 shows the composition of each component peak in this gas chromatograph.

[0010]

[Table 1]

From Table 1, wood vinegar oil contains about 76% of a component corresponding to creosote, but as shown in FIG. 2, wood vinegar oil contains various components other than cresol. Therefore, it has not only antiseptic but also antibacterial, antibacterial and antibacterial properties.

Production Example When 750 kg of Aomori beech wood was carbonized at 400 to 500 ° C., it was thermally decomposed to 90 m ^{3 of} wood gas and 350 g of water-soluble wood vinegar.
kg and 50 kg of wood tar at the bottom of the cooling bath. This wood tar was used as a raw material. Tree tail 50
kg in a vacuum distillation apparatus, heating temperature 130 ° C, pressure 30m
As a result of extraction under the condition of mHg, the amount of wood vinegar oil was 10 kg, the pitch was 25 kg, and the moisture was 15 kg. Similarly, 50 kg of wood tar was extracted by atmospheric distillation.
5 kg of wood vinegar oil was obtained. Accordingly, Table 1 shows the yield ratio of wood vinegar oil to wood tar, depending on the difference in distillation conditions.
GC-MS of the wood tar distillate thus obtained
FIG. 2 shows the analysis results. As can be seen from the figure, the plant tar distillate of the present invention contains 30% by weight of creosote, but contains various other components.

[0013]

[Table 2]

When the wood vinegar oil according to the present invention is used as a drug, it is preferable to add a natural or synthetic fragrance, for example, because it can impart fragrance without reducing functions such as bactericidal properties, insect repellency, and detergency. . Natural or synthetic flavors used include natural essential oils such as lemongrass oil, citronella oil, thyme oil, star anise oil, clove oil, citral, citronellal, anethole, anisaldehyde, n-octylaldehyde, n-nonylaldehyde and the like. , But are not particularly limited thereto. A method for using the wood vinegar oil of the present invention as a deodorant and a bactericide will be described. The wood vinegar oil is put into a container in a liquid state and evaporated naturally or by forced means such as heating, which may cause the vapor of the deodorant and the disinfectant to drift in the room, and also require a source of malodor or sterilization. May be directly sprayed on the place. In addition, a paint containing the wood vinegar oil is effective as an antibacterial paint.

[0015]

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. Cheeks, parts and% represent parts by weight and% by weight, respectively, unless otherwise specified. Example 1 An example is shown in which wood vinegar oil, which is a distillate of wood tar of the present invention, is used as a deodorant. A deodorant using the wood vinegar oil of the present invention is supplied by a blower having a storage unit that stores the deodorant, an evaporating unit that evaporates the deodorant stored in the storage unit, and a blowing unit that sends out the evaporated deodorant. Evaporation was performed in a cubic transparent acrylic box of 1 mx 1 m, and a deodorizing test was performed to deodorize toluene and hydrogen sulfide in the transparent acrylic box. In this test, the concentration of toluene and hydrogen sulfide in the transparent acrylic box was measured at a predetermined time after the start of the operation of the blower. Table 3 shows the results.

[0016]

Table 3 Sample name Time Toluene Hydrogen sulfide Residual amount after 0 minutes (ppm) 90 30 Residual rate (%) 100.0 100.0 Residual amount after 5 minutes (ppm) 37 20 Residual rate (%) 41 .1 66.7 Residual rate after 10 minutes (ppm) 22 14 Residual rate (%) 22.4 46.7 Residual amount after 20 minutes (ppm) 226 Residual rate (%) 24.4 20 After 30 minutes Residual amount (ppm) 222 2 Residual rate (%) 24.4 6.7 Residual rate after 45 minutes (ppm) 20 0.2 Residual rate (%) 22.2 0.7

Example 2 Using the wood vinegar oil according to the present invention, a deodorizing test for deodorizing a room or the like was performed using the blower. In this test, grated garlic, grated onion, kimchi, aim, takoyaki, cigarettes, etc. were used as a bad odor source, and the blower was operated with these odors trapped in the test room. The odor in the laboratory was evaluated. The evaluation is made on two points, odor intensity and discomfort. The odor intensity is 1 if no odor is felt, 2 if it is faint, 3 if it is obvious, 4 if it is strong, and it is very strong In the case of 5 and 6 in case of extreme feeling, the degree of discomfort is 1 in case of comfort, 2 in case of slight discomfort, 3 in case of slight discomfort, 4 in case of discomfort, in case of very discomfort Was rated 5 and extremely uncomfortable 6. Table 4 shows the results.

[0018]

[Table 4] Sample elapsed time 3 minutes 5 minutes 10 minutes 15 minutes Grated garlic Odor intensity 4 3 2 1 (6 tatami mats) Discomfort 4 21 1 Grated onion Odor odor 2 1 (6 tatami mats) Uncomfortable degree 3 1 Kimchi + garlic pickled Odor intensity 2 1 (6 tatami mats) Uncomfortable degree 3 2 1 Tobacco smell Odor intensity 6 3 2 1 (15 tatami mats) Uncomfortable degree 6 2 1 Wet foot smell Odor intensity 1 (2 tatami mats) Discomfort 1 The numbers in parentheses in the table indicate the size of the test room

Example 3 The bactericidal effect when the wood vinegar oil of the present invention is used as a bactericide is shown below. Bacteria used in this bactericidal effect test were Salmonella typhimurium IFO12529 (hereinafter, referred to as Salmonella typhimurium IFO12529).
Salmonella), Vibrioparahaemolyticus (hereinafter,
Vibrio parahaemolyticus), Stapylococcus aureus IFO1
2732 (hereinafter referred to as Staphylococcus aureus), Escherichi
a coli IFO3301 (hereinafter referred to as E. coli), Stapyl
ococcus aureus IID1677 (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; hereinafter abbreviated as MRSA). 0.1 ml of the above test bacterial solution was applied to a glass plate, and 1 ml of a disinfectant used as a distillate of the plant tar of the present invention was dropped on the glass plate. After a predetermined time from the dropping, the glass plate was wiped with sterile gauze, and for Vibrio parahaemolyticus, SCD of 3% saline was used.
Washed out with 10 ml of L bouillon medium. The viable cell count of each of these washes was measured by a pour plate culture method (35 ° C. for 2 days) using a viable cell count medium.
It was converted per sheet. Further, as a target test, 0.1 ml of the above test bacterial solution was applied to a glass plate, and after a predetermined time, the glass plate was wiped off with sterile gauze, and the viable cell count was measured in the same manner as described above. Table 5 shows the results.

[0020]

[Table 5] Test bacteria measurement Viable cell count Target 30 minutes after start 1 hour after 3 hours Salmonella target section 4.3 × 10 ⁴ 2.9 × 10 ⁴ 4.0 × 10 ⁴ 5.4 × 10 ⁴ Fungicide-1.6 × 10 ³ 2.8 × 10 ⁵ 〇 P. vibrio Target area 1.9 × 10 ⁴ 1.3 × 10 ⁴ 1.7 × 10 ⁴ 1.6 × 10 ⁴ Fungicide − 〇 〇 〇 Yellow grape Target area 5.5 × 10 ⁴ 5.8 × 10 ⁴ 5.8 × 10 ⁴ 5.2 × 10 ⁴ Cocci Fungicide − 1.2 × 10 ⁴ 5.7 × 10 ³ 〇 E. coli Target 4.5 × 10 ⁴ 3.6 × 10 ⁴ 2.2 × 10 ⁴ 2.4 × 10 ⁴ Fungicide − 4.3 × 10 ³ 6.2 × 10 ² 10 MRSA Target 7.3 × 10 ⁴ 5.7 × 10 ⁴ 4.5 × 10 ⁴ 3.0 × 10 ⁴ Bactericide − 5.4 × 10 ⁴ 2.2 × 10 ⁴ 3.4 × 10 ^{3 In the} table,-means no measurement, and 〇 means no bacteria were detected Means that

Example 4 The antibacterial action when the wood vinegar oil of the present invention is used as an antibacterial agent is shown below. Kaya treated with wood vinegar oil-containing silicone paint was used as a test sample, and rot fungi collected from wood separated from a building foundation were used as test strains. The inspection was performed by a halo method (cultured at 25 ° C. for 7 days) using a potato dextrose agar medium. As a result, a clear growth inhibition zone was observed inside the ring of the kaya coated with the silicone paint, and it was recognized that the diffusion of the antibacterial substance into the ring reached a relatively growth inhibiting concentration. From the above results, the wood vinegar oil in the silicone paint was sustained-released by the silicone, and it was expected that the antifungal curing would be persistent.

[0022]

According to the present invention, when wood vinegar oil is used as a deodorant and a bactericide, it is clear that excellent effects are exhibited. Conventionally, wood tar has preservatives, binders,
It has been found that those which have only uses such as fuels are subjected to purification means such as distillation under reduced pressure and made into wood vinegar oil to sufficiently serve as deodorants and bactericides as natural products.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet diagram of a process of producing wood vinegar oil.

Fig. 2 Comparison of components of wood vinegar oil and creosote by chromatography

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) A61L 9/01 A61L 9/01 R

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A drug using plant tar, characterized by using wood vinegar oil obtained by purifying tar remaining when carbonizing plant / wood material. 2. The drug according to claim 1, wherein the drug is any one of a bactericide, an insect repellent, a deodorant, and an antibacterial agent.