JP2001334494A - Ultrasonic cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the durability of a cutting edge, inhibit friction heat and dust, and perform quick cutting. SOLUTION: This ultrasonic cutter comprises a cutting edge 20 for cutting a workpiece, a ultrasonic vibrator 30 for generating ultrasonic vibration, a hone part 40 for amplifying the ultrasonic vibration to be transmitted to the cutting edge 20, and a body frame 60 for holding these structures. Hard grains 21 harder than the cutting edge 20 are scattered and fixed to at least the end of the cutting edge 20 and a reciprocation energizing mechanism 70 is provided on the cutting edge 20 for energizing the reciprocating operation of the body frame 60, separately from the ultrasonic vibration.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ultrasonic cutter, and more particularly to an ultrasonic cutter suitable for processing a wide range of solid materials such as resin materials, molding materials, glass, stones, ceramics and metal materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a cutting device for a solid material such as a thermosetting resin material, a molding material, glass, stone, ceramics, and a metal material, a cutting device for performing cutting by applying a reciprocating saw blade to a workpiece. A cutting device that cuts by rotating the peripheral portion of the diamond disk that is driven to rotate against the workpiece,
A cutting device that cuts by applying the tip of a rotary blade such as an end mill that is driven to rotate to a workpiece, or a cutting process that applies a workpiece to a driven file to perform cutting.

[0003] As a thermoplastic resin-based material, an ultrasonic cutter that uses an ultrasonic wave to vibrate a cutting edge and cut by the frictional heat is used.

[0004]

However, in the case of each of the above-described cutting devices, there is a disadvantage that the blade or the file is quickly worn out because the blade or the file continuously hits the workpiece during the cutting operation. Was.

[0005] In the case of a cutting device using a rotary drive of the blade, dust generated by cutting the workpiece is scattered by the rotation of the cutting device, and it is necessary to take measures in advance so that the user of the device does not inhale the dust. There was an inconvenience.

Further, the cutting apparatus using a diamond disk has a disadvantage that cutting is limited to cutting in a linear direction along a blade surface.

In a cutting device using an end mill,
There is an inconvenience that it is difficult to use as a hand-held cutting device because it receives a recoil in the rotation direction of the end mill.

Further, the cutting device using a file has a disadvantage that the time required for cutting is longer than that in the case of using a blade because the eyes are finer.

Further, since the conventional ultrasonic cutter generates frictional heat due to vibration, when used for cutting a thermosetting resin, the frictional heat hardens the resin and makes it difficult to cut. . In addition, there is an inconvenience that it is not suitable for cutting molding materials, glass, stone materials, ceramics, and metal materials due to the configuration of cutting using frictional heat.

[0010]

The object of the present invention is to improve the disadvantages of the prior art, have durability, suppress the generation of frictional heat and dust,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultrasonic cutter that can be cut in any direction, can be suitably used for both handheld and stationary, and can perform a quick cutting process.

[0011]

According to the present invention, a processing blade for processing a workpiece, an ultrasonic vibrator for oscillating ultrasonic vibration, and a horn portion for amplifying the ultrasonic vibration and transmitting the amplified ultrasonic vibration to the processing blade. And a main body frame holding each configuration, and at least the cutting edge portion of the processing blade is scattered and fixed with hard particles having a higher hardness than the processing blade, and the main body frame is different from the ultrasonic vibration on the processing blade. And a reciprocating biasing mechanism for biasing the reciprocating movement with respect to.

In the above configuration, the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic vibrator is amplified by the horn and transmitted to the machining blade. Then, when the cutting edge of the processing blade is applied to the workpiece in such a state, countless hard particles cut the workpiece by ultrasonic vibration. Therefore, when the edge of the processing blade is moved in an arbitrary direction, the workpiece is cut in accordance with the direction.

On the other hand, the reciprocating biasing mechanism continuously reciprocates the machining blade at the time of cutting separately from the ultrasonic vibration.
The processing blade repeatedly contacts and separates from the workpiece. For this reason, even when cutting waste enters between the hard particles of the processing blade, the cutting waste is discharged from between the hard particles when the processing blade is separated, and a smooth cutting without clogging is performed.

Here, the above-mentioned hard particles may be fixed to the processing blade by an electrodeposition bond or a metal bond.

The hard particles described above are desirably in accordance with the material of the workpiece. For example, diamond particles or cubic boron nitride may be used.

In addition, a support frame for integrally supporting the horn, the processing blade, and the ultrasonic vibrator through the above-mentioned horn is newly added to each of the above-described configurations. Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which a reciprocating operation is urged to the processing blade via the support frame.

In this case, at the time of the cutting operation, the horn portion,
The processing blade and the ultrasonic vibrator reciprocate integrally with the support frame, and the processing blade performs ultrasonic vibration on the support frame.

Further, the reciprocating urging mechanism specifically includes a configuration including a motor that is driven to rotate and a transmission unit that converts the torque of the motor into reciprocating operation and transmits the reciprocating operation to the machining blade. There is a configuration including an air cylinder mechanism that urges a reciprocating operation by fluctuation.

Further, as a new configuration, a cooling mechanism for cooling the processing blade may be added. Such a cooling mechanism cools a processing blade or a workpiece in which heat is generated during cutting.

The above-mentioned processing blade is formed in a flat plate shape and hard particles are fixed on the entire surface of the blade edge portion, or is sandwiched between two flat surfaces of the surface of the blade edge portion. The configuration may be such that the hard particles are fixed only to the end face portion.

The present invention is to achieve the above-mentioned object by the above-mentioned respective constitutions.

[0022]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [First Embodiment] (Overall Configuration of First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view along a longitudinal direction of a hand-held ultrasonic cutter 1 according to a first embodiment. The ultrasonic cutter 1 includes a processing blade 20 that processes a workpiece, an ultrasonic vibrator 30 that oscillates ultrasonic vibration, a horn 40 that amplifies the ultrasonic vibration and transmits the amplified ultrasonic vibration to the processing blade 10, A support frame 50 for integrally supporting the horn part 40, the processing blade 20, and the ultrasonic vibrator 30, a main body frame 60 for holding all of these components, and a main body frame for the processing blade 20 separately from the ultrasonic vibration And a reciprocating urging mechanism 70 for urging the reciprocating movement operation with respect to 60. Hereinafter, these components will be described in detail.

(Working blade) First, the working blade 20 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (A), it is a strip-shaped flat plate made of a general metal (stainless steel or the like), and a tip for cutting a workpiece is cut obliquely. Although the shape of the processing blade 20 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 2A, it is preferable that the tip is thin or sharp. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 (B), the shape may be flat and the tip may be flat, or as shown in FIG. 2 (C), the tip may be formed as a round bar and the tip is sharp.

Further, a diamond tip 21 as hard particles having a higher hardness than the processing blade 20 is scattered and fixed to the cutting edge portion of the processing blade 20 (see FIG. 3).

(Hard particles) This diamond chip 21
Are attached to the cutting edge of the processing blade 20 by electrodeposition bonding (plating method) at an interval of about 1 [mm] with a particle size of φ0.4 [mm]. The diamond tip 21 has a round shape (FIG. 3A) and a sharp shape (FIG. 3A).
(B)), and various types such as those having a sharp corner in some places while being rounded, that is, rounded (FIG. 3 (C)).
The rounded diamond tip 21 is inferior in cutting speed but high in durability, and as the number of corners increases, the cutting speed increases but durability decreases. These diamond chips 2
As for 1, a material suitable for the application is selected according to its characteristics.

A diamond tip 21 is selected as a hard particle material for the processing blade 20 of the ultrasonic cutter 1. Since the diamond tip 21 has a very high Knoop hardness of 7000 [kg / mm ² ], it can cut a wide range of materials from low hardness workpieces to high hardness workpieces. Other materials may be used according to the requirements. For example, the diamond tip 21
When cutting iron, wear due to the bond between iron and carbon may easily occur.

In such a case, Cubic Boron Nitride is used as hard particles instead of the diamond chips 21.
(Hereinafter, CBN) may be used. The Knoop hardness of this CBN is 4700 [kg / mm ² ], which is slightly lower than that of the diamond chip 21, but exhibits high durability without being consumed even in the case of iron processing. Thus, the hard particles are
It is desirable to select a material according to the material of the workpiece and the processing environment.

Further, the particle size of the hard particles is not limited to those described above. If the particle size of the hard particles is large, the processing speed is improved, and if the particle size is small, the cut surface can be made smoother. Therefore, the particle size may be set according to these applications. Usually, the diamond chip has a large particle size of 50 mesh (300 [μm]), and the CBN has a large particle size of 20 mesh (850 [μm]).

FIG. 4A shows an attachment area m of the diamond tip 21 on the processing blade 20. The attachment region m is set over the entire surface on the tip end side of the processing blade 20. That is, innumerable diamond chips 21 are fixed to the two flat surfaces of the processing blade 20 and the end surfaces (the lower end surface and the side end surfaces in FIG. 4A) sandwiched between these flat surfaces with a fixed interval. At the time of processing, since the processing blade 20 comes into contact with the workpiece most at the end face sandwiched between the flat surfaces, only the end face may be used as the adhesion area m as shown in FIG.

Next, a method of fixing the diamond tip 21 to the processing blade 20 will be described with reference to FIG.
As described above, a method called electrodeposition bonding is employed for fixing the diamond chip 21. This electrodeposition bond is
As shown in FIG. 5A, this is a method in which a diamond tip 21 is mixed with nickel plating, and the diamond tip 21 is fixed to the surface of the processing blade 20 while plating. In this case, the plating layer 22 is formed to a thickness of 60 [%] of the particle diameter of the diamond chip 21, and the diamond chip 21 is fixed by being embedded in the plating layer 22. This fixing method can be performed at a lower cost than a metal bond described later.

As a method of fixing the diamond chip 21, a method called metal bonding may be selected.
The metal bond is a method of fixing the diamond chip 21 to the surface of the processing blade 20 using a tough adhesive as shown in FIG. In this case, the diamond chip 21 is fixed by being embedded in the adhesive layer 23. In this fixing method, the embedding depth of the diamond chip 21 can be made shallower than the electrodeposition bond, and the exposed height can be kept high, so that the processing speed can be improved.

(Horn part) The processing blade 2 having the above configuration
0 is provided at the tip of the horn 40. The horn portion 40 is formed of a middle portion 4 in which a cylindrical portion 46 having a relatively small diameter and a cylindrical portion 47 having a relatively large diameter form a substantially conical shape.
8, a flange 49 is provided between the intermediate portion 48 and the large cylindrical portion 47, and these are integrally formed. The diameter of the large cylindrical portion 47 is set to a size equal to the outer diameter of the ultrasonic transducer 30 described later (FIG. 1).

The above-described processing blade 20 has a small cylindrical portion 46.
Is provided at the tip of the camera. The horn 40
Various methods are conceivable for providing the horn at the tip of the horn portion 40, as shown in FIG.
The processing blade 20 is loosely inserted into the flat hole 41 having a bottom formed on the front end surface of the horn portion 40, and a hexagonal hole for fixing the processing blade 20 to a screw hole 43 penetrating the flat hole 41 from the outer side surface of the horn portion 40. The machining blade 20 is fixed by screwing the attached bolt 42.

As another method, as shown in FIG. 6B, a screw hole 44 provided on the distal end surface of the horn portion 40 from the distal end of the horn portion 40 toward the base end side is provided. A machining blade holding member 45 formed with a male screw screwed into the screw hole 44;
A configuration of brazing 0 may be adopted.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (C), the horn portion 40 and the processing blade 20 may be integrally formed by cutting out one material.

(Ultrasonic vibrator) The ultrasonic vibrator 30 is provided on the large cylindrical portion 47 side of the horn 40. The ultrasonic vibrator 30 is adjacent to a ceramic ring 31 disposed in contact with a base end (an end opposite to the end where the processing blade 20 is provided) of the horn portion 40 and is sequentially adjacent thereto. Electrode plate 32, ceramic ring 33, electrode plate 3
4, a ceramic ring 36, an electrode plate 37, and a tail mass 35, and embedded bolts (not shown) for integrally fastening and fixing these together with the horn portion 40 (FIG. 1). Each configuration of these ultrasonic transducers 2 is uniformly set to substantially the same outer diameter. Therefore, when the horn part 40 and the ultrasonic transducer 30 are connected,
The large cylindrical portion 47 of the horn portion 40 and the entire ultrasonic vibrator 30 form a single cylindrical shape having a uniform outer diameter.

Further, each of the electrode plates 32, 34 and 37 of the ultrasonic transducer 30 has connection terminals protruding outward, to which lead wires L1, L2 and L3 are connected. It is connected to an ultrasonic oscillator (not shown) outside the ultrasonic cutter 1 via the lead wires L1, L2, L3. When a voltage having a predetermined oscillation frequency is applied from the ultrasonic oscillator, ultrasonic vibration is generated from the ultrasonic vibrator 30. The ultrasonic vibration is amplified by the horn 40 and transmitted to the processing blade 20, and the processing blade 20 vibrates along the central axis direction of the ultrasonic vibrator 30. In the above configuration, the processing blade 20 has a vibration frequency of 28 [kHz],
The ultrasonic vibration is set so as to have an amplitude of 20 [μm].

The horn section 40 and the ultrasonic vibrator 30 are independent members and are used by connecting them. However, they may be integrally formed in advance. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the wavelength λ of the ultrasonic vibration emitted from the ultrasonic transducer 30 and the lengths of the horn portion 40 and the ultrasonic transducer 30 in these cases.

FIG. 7A shows a case where the horn portion 40 and the ultrasonic vibrator 30 are formed separately, and in this case, the length of each of the ultrasonic vibrator 30 and the horn portion 40 is 1/1. It is set to 2 · λ. On the other hand, FIG. 7B shows a case where the horn section 40 and the ultrasonic vibrator 30 are integrally formed, and in this case, the length of the integrated ultrasonic vibrator 30 and the horn section 40 is 1/1. It is set to 2 · λ. Therefore, by integrating the horn portion 40 and the ultrasonic transducer 30, the entire length can be halved, and the size of the device can be reduced.

(Support Frame) The above-described processing blade 20, horn portion 40 and ultrasonic vibrator 30 are connected and integrated. The support frame 50 is supported in such an integrated state. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the processing blade 20, the horn part 40 and the ultrasonic vibrator 30 which are integrally connected.
The support frame 50 is formed only by the flange 49 of the horn 40.
It is supported by.

The support frame 50 is a bottomed tubular body having an open end, and accommodates the large cylindrical portion 47 of the horn portion 40 and the ultrasonic vibrator 30 in a loosely inserted state. On the opening end side, the flange portion 49 of the horn portion 40 is supported via an insertion member 51 made of an elastic member. With this support, the ultrasonic vibrator 30
The ultrasonic vibrations generated from are transmitted to the processing blade 20 side favorably.

(Main Body Frame) The support frame body 50 is supported by the main body frame 60 so as to be able to reciprocate in the same direction as the ultrasonic vibration transmission direction. That is, the main body frame 60 is a bottomed cylindrical body having one end opened, and accommodates the support frame 50 therein in a loosely inserted state, and the processing blade 20 from the opening end side of the main body frame 60. It is supported while exposed to the outside. And the main body frame 60
Between the inner wall of the support frame 50 and the outer wall of the support frame 50.
The support frame 50 is reciprocally movable along the center axis direction of the support frame 50.

(Reciprocating Biasing Mechanism) A reciprocating biasing mechanism 70 for biasing the processing blade 20 to reciprocate through the support frame 50 is provided at the inner bottom of the main frame 60. The reciprocating urging mechanism 70 includes a drive motor 71 and the drive motor 7.
Gear reducer 72 for reducing the torque of 1 to a predetermined number of revolutions
And a crank mechanism 73 as transmission means for converting the decelerated rotation into reciprocating motion and transmitting the reciprocating motion to the processing blade 20.

That is, the drive motor 71 rotates at a preset number of revolutions, and the number of revolutions is adjusted via a speed reducer 72 which is a combination of a plurality of gears having different numbers of teeth. The torque output from the drive motor 71
The support frame 50 connected to the crank mechanism 73 has a period of about 1 [Hz] and 5 to 10 [m
[m], a reciprocating motion is performed with respect to the main body frame 60.

(Operation of Ultrasonic Cutter) The cutting operation of the ultrasonic cutter 1 having the above configuration for the workpiece S will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 shows a state before the start of cutting, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a transition of a state change due to the start of cutting, which is an enlarged view of a portion D in FIG.

Here, the workpiece S is, for example, a thermosetting resin, FRP, glass, pottery, ceramics or metal. The ultrasonic cutter 1 performs a cutting operation in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 1 and is urged by the ultrasonic vibration and reciprocating urging mechanism 70 to the processing blade 20 along a direction orthogonal to the direction C. Reciprocating operation is energized.

At the start of cutting, first, the end face cut obliquely to the extending direction of the processing blade 20 is cut into the workpiece S.
(FIGS. 8 and 9A).

When the ultrasonic transducer 30 is driven,
The ultrasonic vibration amplified by the horn part 40 is
The processing blade 20 starts vibrating in the vertical direction in FIG. When the cutting edge of the processing blade 20 is brought into contact with the workpiece S in such a state, the myriad diamond chips 21 collide with the workpiece S by ultrasonic vibration and thereby cut (FIG. 9B).

Further, the drive motor 7 of the reciprocating biasing mechanism 70
When 1 starts driving, the processing blade 20 starts a reciprocating operation in the vertical direction in FIG. 9 with a larger amplitude and a slower cycle than the ultrasonic vibration. By this reciprocating operation, the processing blade 20 is dug down to the workpiece S and cuts to a deeper depth. Also, when it moves upward, the processing blade 20
Is separated from the workpiece S, and at that time, the cutting waste of the workpiece S that has entered between the diamond chips 21 is discharged (FIG. 9C).

Then, by moving the ultrasonic cutter 1 to the right in FIG. 9, the cutting is performed by the cooperation of the ultrasonic vibration and the reciprocating operation.

(Effects of Embodiment) As described above, according to the ultrasonic cutter 1, the diamond tip 2
Since the diamond chips 21 cut out the surface of the workpiece S, the cutting work can be performed quickly and efficiently.

Further, the shavings of the workpiece S cut out by the diamond tip 21 also enter between the diamond tips 21, but at the time of cutting, the reciprocating urging mechanism 70 reciprocates the working blade 20. To make
When the processing blade 20 is retracted from the workpiece S, the cutting debris of the workpiece S accumulated between the diamond chips 21 can be discharged, thereby preventing a reduction in the cutting effect due to clogging, and always ensuring a good processing state. It is possible to maintain

Further, since the processing is performed by the ultrasonic vibration generated from the ultrasonic vibrator 30, the applied amount of artificial force for cutting the processing blade 20 into the workpiece is reduced, and the burden on the processor is reduced. Can be reduced. At the same time,
Since the cutting is performed by abutting the workpiece in a state where the processing blade 20 is ultrasonically vibrated, the blade performing continuous high-speed movement in a fixed direction as in the related art slides with respect to the workpiece. Unlike the cutting method of cutting, generation of frictional heat is suppressed, and melting, thermal deformation, or generation of smoke of the workpiece can be suppressed.

Further, since the ultrasonic cutter 1 is cut by the processing blade 20 which vibrates ultrasonically and does not use a blade which moves continuously in a fixed direction at a high speed, dust of cutting waste generated at the time of cutting is scattered. The disadvantage of that is also avoided.

Furthermore, since the contact and non-contact between the workpiece S and the processing blade 20 are repeated by the ultrasonic vibration, the durability of the processing blade 20 is longer than that of the conventional cutting method in which the cutting is performed while the blade is kept in contact. The performance is improved.

In the conventional cutting apparatus, a circular blade is used when rotation is used, and a linear blade according to the stroke length is used when cutting is performed by a feed operation in a linear direction. It was used, and there was almost no degree of freedom in the shape of the blade. However, since the ultrasonic cutter 1 uses ultrasonic vibration, the stroke is small, and there is almost no restriction on the shape of the processing blade 20, and therefore, the shape can be freely adjusted. It is possible to set. For this reason, the cutting direction is not limited to the linear direction, and free and fine cutting can be performed.

In the case of a conventional end mill or the like which cuts by continuously energizing a moving operation in a certain direction to a blade, a hand-held type cutting machine is always used because it always receives a reaction force in a certain direction. However, since the ultrasonic cutter 1 uses ultrasonic vibration and reciprocating operation, the reaction force is also a reciprocating vibration with a small stroke, and even if it is hand-held, the burden on the processor is small, and the hand-held type It is possible to suitably cope with this as a processing device.

Further, when cutting is performed by moving the blade continuously in a fixed direction as in the prior art, since the blade is always driven in a fixed direction with respect to the workpiece, stress is generated in the workpiece, For example, when the workpiece has a thin film layer (for example, a printed circuit board made of glass epoxy of an electronic circuit), the surface may be peeled off. However, since the ultrasonic cutter 1 uses ultrasonic vibration, the machining blade 20
Reciprocates with a small amplitude with respect to the workpiece, so that stress generated in the workpiece S can be reduced, and occurrence of peeling at the time of cutting can be avoided.

Further, the diamond tip 2 is attached to the processing blade 20.
Since 1 is fixed, a hard workpiece can also be cut by the hardness of the diamond tip 21, and a wide range of materials can be cut.

(Others) The reciprocating urging mechanism 70 of the ultrasonic cutter 1 urges the processing blade 20 to reciprocate by using the crank mechanism 73. However, if the same function is performed, another configuration is used. There may be. For example, a configuration may be used in which a reciprocating movement is urged to the holding frame 50 using a vibrator or a cam mechanism operated by an electromagnet.

Although the above-described ultrasonic cutter 1 is shown as an example of a hand-held type, it may be of a stationary type which is provided via a positioning mechanism on a processing table on which a workpiece is placed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the ultrasonic cutter 1 may have a configuration having a water cooling mechanism 80 as a cooling mechanism for cooling the processing blade 20 and the workpiece S. The water cooling mechanism 80 includes a pipe 81 supported by the main body frame 60 with a nozzle at a tip end and the nozzle facing the processing blade 20, and a water supply source (for example, a water tank or a tap).
A pump that sends out cooling water at a constant water pressure from the pump (both not shown), a hose 82 that supplies cooling water sent from the pump to the pipe, and a fixture 83 that fixes the pipe 81 to the main body frame. Has become.

With this configuration, at the time of machining, the pump is driven, whereby the cooling water sent from the water supply source reaches the pipe 81 via the tube, and further, the cooling water is supplied from the nozzle to the machining blade 20. Spouted towards. Thereby, even if heat is generated between the processing blade 20 and the workpiece S, it is cooled to more effectively prevent the melting of the workpiece S, thermal deformation or generation of smoke due to the heat. Is possible.

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the configuration of each part of the ultrasonic cutter 1A shown in the second embodiment, the same components as those of the above-described ultrasonic cutter 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

In the ultrasonic cutter 1 described above, the support frame 50 and the processing blade 20 reciprocate along the longitudinal direction (center axis direction) of the main body frame 60 with respect to the cylindrical main body frame 60. Although the ultrasonic cutter 1A shown in FIG. 10 was ultrasonically vibrated along the same direction, the ultrasonic cutter 1A shown in FIG. 10 has a body frame 60A having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape, and a support frame 50 along a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction thereof. The processing blade 20 reciprocates and the processing blade 20 vibrates ultrasonically in the same direction.

That is, as described above, the main body frame 60A has a horizontally long substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
And an operation switch 63A, and a lower portion thereof is provided with a foot 64A for mounting on a worktable or a workpiece. The foot 64A has a bottom surface formed smoothly in the left-right direction in FIG. 11, and cuts the workpiece by moving the entire ultrasonic cutter 1A in the direction of arrow C along the bottom surface.

Further, a linear motion ball bearing 61A for supporting a support frame 50 integrally supporting the ultrasonic vibrator 30, the horn portion 40 and the processing blade 20 is provided near one end of the main body frame 60A. Have been. The linear motion ball bearing 61A supports the support frame 50 so as to be reciprocally movable in a direction perpendicular to the above-described C direction (vertical direction in FIG. 11).

The reciprocating biasing mechanism 70A includes a drive motor 71
A gear reducer 72A for reducing the torque of the drive motor 71 to a predetermined number of revolutions, and a crank mechanism 73A as a transmission means for converting the reduced rotation into a reciprocating operation and transmitting the reciprocating operation to the processing blade 20. ing.

In the above-described ultrasonic cutter 1, the reciprocating operation in the direction along the central axis of the rotation is urged against the support frame 50 by the combination of the reduction gear mechanism 72 and the crank mechanism 73. However, in the ultrasonic cutter 1A, the reciprocating operation in the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the rotation is urged to the support frame 50 with respect to the rotational operation by the combination of the reduction gear mechanism 72A and the crank mechanism 73A.

That is, although the drive motor 71 is arranged so that its rotation axis is along the direction C, the reduction gear mechanism 72A
The support frame 50 reciprocates in the F direction by the crank mechanism 73A.

The rotation operation output from the drive motor 71 is converted by the reduction gear mechanism 72A and the crank mechanism 73A into a reciprocating operation having a cycle of about 1 [Hz] and a stroke of 5 to 10 [mm]. It is transmitted to the support frame 50.

The ultrasonic cutter 1A is configured as described above. When the ultrasonic cutter 1A is used, the ultrasonic cutter 1A is placed on the work through the foot 64A and the operation switch 63A is applied. As a result, the ultrasonic vibrator 30 starts ultrasonic vibration and the drive motor 71 is driven, and the processing blade 20 reciprocates in the F direction while ultrasonically vibrating. Then, as described above, the workpiece is cut by moving the entire ultrasonic cutter 1A in the C direction.

Since the ultrasonic cutter 1A is the same as the ultrasonic cutter 1 except for the operation direction, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the original cutter 1.

[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the configuration of each part of the ultrasonic cutter 1B shown in the third embodiment, the same components as those of the above-described ultrasonic cutter 1B are denoted by the same reference numerals, and overlapping description will be omitted.

The ultrasonic cutter 1B has a reciprocating urging mechanism 70B different from the ultrasonic cutter 1 described above. The reciprocating urging mechanism 70B includes a rod 71B integrally connected to a rear end of the spindle frame 50 (an end opposite to the front end of the supporting processing blade 20), and a main body frame 60. , Two partition plates 72B and 73B fixedly provided inside to form an air chamber, a piston 76B for separating the above-mentioned air chamber fixedly mounted on the rod 71B into two air chambers 74B and 75B, and an air chamber. A supply port 77B for supplying a positive pressure (a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure) or a negative pressure (a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure) to the air chamber 74B, and a supply port 78B for supplying a negative pressure or a positive pressure to the air chamber 75B. And an adjusting mechanism 79B for adjusting the stroke of the reciprocating movement of the support frame 50.

To explain each part, first, the rod 71 B has a round bar shape and is arranged along the central axis of the main body frame 60. The partition plates 72B and 73B are fixedly provided inside the main body frame 60 while being separated from each other. These partition plates 72B, 73B are attached to the inner wall surface of the main body frame 60 without any gap. Each of the partition plates 72 has a through hole into which the rod 71B is inserted.
In order to maintain the sealing property, seal members 72Ba and 73Ba and an O-ring 72 are provided between the rods B and 73B and the rod 71B.
Bb and 73Bb are interposed. Further, with this structure, the rod 71B can reciprocate with respect to each of the partition plates 72B and 73B along its own longitudinal direction.

The piston 76B is connected to each of the partition plates 72B, 7B.
3B, and between the inner wall surface of the main body frame 60 and the O-ring 76Ba for securing the sealing property.
Is inserted. With this configuration, the space between the two partition plates 72B, 73B is divided into two air chambers 74B, 75B.
And the reciprocating movement between the partition plates 72B, 73B is made possible, whereby the two air chambers 74B, 7B are separated.
The volume ratio of 5B can be freely changed.

As described above, positive pressure and negative pressure are supplied to the air chambers 74B and 75B from the supply ports 77B and 78B. At this time, when a positive pressure is supplied to the air chamber 74B, a negative pressure is supplied to the air chamber 75B. Conversely, when a negative pressure is supplied to the air chamber 74B, a positive pressure is supplied to the air chamber 75B. . The air pressure supplied to each of the air chambers 74B and 75B is a vibration air pressure in a cycle in which the support frame 50 is to be reciprocated. Here, the vibration air pressure of about 1 [Hz] is shifted by a half cycle each, and the air chamber 74B is shifted. , 75B.

As a supply source of the oscillating air pressure, for example, a blower having an output port for constantly outputting a constant positive pressure and an output port for constantly outputting a constant negative pressure, and each output port is connected to each supply port 77B, This is realized by a configuration with a rotary valve that is alternately switched to and connected to 78B.

The adjusting mechanism 79B is composed of a male screw 79Ba provided on the rear end surface of the rod 71B and two movement restricting members 79Bb and 79Bc constituting a double nut mechanism which is simultaneously screwed into the male screw 79Ba. It is configured. That is, when the two movement restricting members 79Bb and 79Bc constituting the double nut mechanism are positioned at predetermined positions on the male screw portion 79Ba of the rod 71B, even if the support frame 50 attempts to reciprocate with a stroke equal to or greater than a certain value, the movement restricting members 79Bb and 79Bc move. 79Bb collides with the partition plate 73B and restricts further movement. Therefore, this
It is possible to adjust the reciprocating stroke of the support frame 50 in advance.

With the above structure, in the reciprocating biasing mechanism 70B, when positive pressure and negative pressure are supplied to each air chamber supply port 74B, 75B via each supply port 77B, 78B, the piston pressure is generated by the air pressure. 76B is reciprocated in accordance with the vibration cycle of the oscillating air pressure, and the support frame 50 and the processing blade 20 can reciprocate accordingly. Such a reciprocating operation is performed when ultrasonic vibration is applied to the processing blade 20, whereby the ultrasonic cutter 1B can obtain the same effect as the ultrasonic cutter 1.

[0082]

As described above, according to the present invention, the hard particles are scattered and fixed on the processing blade, so that the hard particles cut out the surface of the workpiece to perform the cutting operation quickly and efficiently. be able to.

Further, the cutting chips of the workpiece cut out by the hard particles also enter between the hard particles, but the cutting blade is reciprocated by the reciprocating urging mechanism during cutting. When the processing blade retreats, it can discharge the cutting waste of the workpiece accumulated between each hard particle,
It is possible to prevent the cutting effect from being reduced due to clogging and to always maintain a favorable processing state.

Further, since the contact and non-contact between the workpiece and the processing blade are repeated by the ultrasonic vibration, the durability of the processing blade is improved as compared with the conventional cutting method in which the cutting is performed while keeping the blade in contact. I do.

Further, since the cutting is performed by abutting the workpiece in a state where the processing blade is ultrasonically vibrated, the blade moving at a high speed in a fixed direction slides on the workpiece as in the related art. Unlike a cutting method of cutting by cutting or a conventional ultrasonic cutter, generation of frictional heat is suppressed, and melting, thermal deformation, or generation of smoke of a workpiece can be suppressed. This also makes it easier to cut the thermosetting resin.

Further, since the present invention employs a configuration in which cutting is performed by a processing blade that vibrates ultrasonically, and a blade that moves continuously in a fixed direction at a high speed is not used as in the conventional example, dust generated during cutting is scattered. The inconvenience of being performed is also avoided.

In the present invention, since the ultrasonic vibration having a short stroke is used, there is almost no restriction on the shape of the processing blade, and therefore, the shape can be freely set. For this reason, the cutting direction is not limited to the linear direction, and free and fine cutting can be performed.

Further, since the present invention utilizes the ultrasonic vibration and the reciprocating operation, the recoil thereof is also a reciprocating vibration with a small stroke, and the burden on the processor is small even if the hand is held. Therefore, it is possible to suitably cope with both the stationary type and the hand-held type.

Further, in the case of the configuration in which the hard particles are fixed to the processing blade by metal bonding, the embedding ratio of the hard particles can be reduced, so that the cutting amount of each hard particle is increased, and It is possible to speed up the cutting process.

Further, when a diamond chip is used as the hard particle, a hard workpiece can be cut by the hardness of the diamond chip, and a wide range of materials can be cut. When cubic boron nitride is used as the hard particles, it is suitable for cutting iron.

In the case where a cooling device for cooling the cutting edge portion of the processing blade is provided, even if heat is generated between the processing blade and the workpiece, it is cooled,
It is possible to more effectively prevent melting of the workpiece, heat deformation or generation of smoke due to heat. At the same time, it becomes possible to cut the thermosetting resin more effectively.

Since the present invention is constructed and functions as described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a superior ultrasonic cutter which has not been achieved conventionally.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a perspective view showing a processing blade in the embodiment, and FIGS. 2B and 2C are perspective views showing another example of the processing blade.

FIG. 3A is an explanatory view showing an example of a rounded diamond tip in the embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an example of a sharp diamond tip, and FIG. 3C is an explanatory view showing an example of an intermediate processing blade in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 (A) is an explanatory view showing a fixed region of hard particles in a processing blade, and FIG. 4 (B) is an explanatory view showing another example.

FIG. 5A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a method of fixing hard particles on a processing blade, and FIG. 5B is a partial cross-sectional view showing another fixing method.

6 (A) is a perspective view showing a method of providing a processing blade at the tip of a horn portion in the embodiment, and FIG. 6 (B) is a perspective view showing another method, and FIG. 6 (C). FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing still another method.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the wavelength of ultrasonic vibration and the length of a horn portion and an ultrasonic vibrator. FIG. 7A shows a horn portion and an ultrasonic vibrator formed separately. Indicates the case,
FIG. 7B shows a case where the horn portion and the ultrasonic vibrator are integrally formed.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of the first embodiment, showing a state before starting cutting.

9 is an operation explanatory diagram showing an enlarged portion D of FIG. 8; FIG. 9A shows an arrangement of a processing blade and a workpiece before starting cutting; FIG. 9B shows an ultrasonic wave; FIG. 9 (C) shows the processing blade in a state where the vibration is transmitted, and FIG. 9 (C) shows the processing blade further urged to reciprocate.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example in which a water cooling mechanism is provided in the ultrasonic cutter disclosed in FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a partially cutaway front view showing the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1A, 1B Ultrasonic cutter 20 Processing blade 21 Diamond tip (hard particle) 30 Ultrasonic vibrator 40 Horn part 50 Holding frame body 60, 60A Main body frame 70, 70A, 70B Reciprocating biasing mechanism 71 Drive motor 73, 73A Crank mechanism (transmission means) 80 Water cooling mechanism (cooling mechanism) S Workpiece

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A processing blade for processing an object to be processed, an ultrasonic vibrator for oscillating ultrasonic vibration, a horn for amplifying the ultrasonic vibration and transmitting the amplified ultrasonic vibration to the processing blade, and holding each of the components. A main body frame, and hard particles having a higher hardness than the processing blade are scattered and fixed to at least the cutting edge portion of the processing blade, and the processing blade is reciprocated with respect to the main body frame different from the ultrasonic vibration. An ultrasonic cutter having a reciprocating biasing mechanism for biasing a moving operation. 2. The ultrasonic cutter according to claim 1, wherein the hard particles are fixed to the processing blade by electrodeposition bonding. 3. The ultrasonic cutter according to claim 1, wherein said hard particles are fixed to said processing blade by metal bonding. 4. The ultrasonic cutter according to claim 1, wherein said hard particles are diamond tips. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hard particles are cubic boron.
4. The ultrasonic cutter according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cutter is a nitride. 6. A support frame for integrally supporting the horn, the processing blade and the ultrasonic vibrator via the horn, wherein the reciprocating biasing mechanism is provided via the support frame. The reciprocating operation is urged to the working blade by means of
The ultrasonic cutter according to 3, 4, or 5. 7. The reciprocating urging mechanism includes a motor that is driven to rotate, and a transmission unit that converts a torque of the motor into a reciprocating operation and transmits the reciprocating motion to the machining blade. , 3, 4, 5, or 6. 8. The super-swing device according to claim 1, wherein said reciprocating urging mechanism is an air cylinder mechanism for urging a reciprocating operation by a change in internal pressure. Sonic cutter. 9. The ultrasonic cutter according to claim 1, further comprising a cooling mechanism for cooling the processing blade. 10. The processing blade according to claim 1, wherein the processing blade is formed in a flat plate shape, and the hard particles are fixed to the entire surface of the cutting edge portion. Or the ultrasonic cutter according to 9. 11. The processing blade according to claim 1, wherein the processing blade is formed in a flat plate shape, and the hard particles are fixed only to an end face portion sandwiched between two flat plate surfaces of the surface of the cutting edge portion. The ultrasonic cutter according to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9.