JP2001279707A - Sludge removing system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sludge removing system to excavate a sludge layer which is piled at the bottom of a pond and the like, to suction and remove effectively sludge floated after excavation without spreading them, and to treat successively and efficiently sludge layers which are piled in a wide area at the bottom of a filter bed and the like. SOLUTION: This system comprises a washing nozzle part 12 injecting washing water including air toward a sludge layer 11 which is piled at a filter bed, a hood part 13 covering a surrounding of a sludge layer to be washed by washing water of the washing nozzle part 12 and a sludge carrier part 14 suctioning and discharging poluted water including a sludge inside the hood part 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filtration pond, a distribution pond, an aquaculture pond for treating polluted water and supplying clean water and water for use.
The present invention relates to a sludge removing device that removes a sludge layer deposited on the bottom of an aquaculture farm in an aquaculture area.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for an increase in the treatment capacity of a sludge layer deposited at the bottom of a filtration basin or the like due to an increase in water demand in an urban area, and a sludge removing apparatus for mechanically removing this sludge layer has been developed. Development is underway. On the other hand, in the fisheries industry, fish manure and feed residues accumulate on the water bottom and sea floor in the aquaculture area, causing decay and lack of dissolved oxygen. Various sludge removal devices are being studied.

[0003] As the conventional sludge removing apparatus, for example, the following is known.

(A) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-55005 (hereinafter referred to as "A") discloses a method in which a large number of branch pipes whose upper ends penetrate to the vicinity of an upper part of a horizontal mud collecting pipe having both ends closed are dropped. With the lower end close to the bottom of the sedimentation basin, air is supplied to the horizontal sludge collection pipe to discharge sludge retained in the horizontal sludge collection pipe, and the pressure in the horizontal sludge collection pipe instantaneously increases with the discharge of this sludge. A sediment that sucks sludge from the lower end of the branch pipe connected to the horizontal mud collection pipe by utilizing the pressure drop to the atmospheric pressure, and injects pressure water from the pressure water injection pipe into the zone between the adjacent branch pipes. A pond sludge collector is disclosed.

(B) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-15110 (hereinafter referred to as “B”) discloses a washing nozzle in which a filter medium layer is formed in a pond and a jet nozzle is provided downward in the vicinity of the surface of the filter medium layer. A washing device for a filter pond, comprising: a washing nozzle having an upwardly and / or laterally provided ejection port in the filter medium layer is described.

[0006]

However, the above-mentioned conventional technology has the following problems. (1) The sludge collecting and discharging device for a sedimentation basin described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. H07-15064 utilizes a drop in pressure in a horizontal sludge collecting pipe, which is instantaneously generated as the sludge is sucked into the horizontal collecting pipe. This pressure drop is limited to atmospheric pressure, and
Since the treatment is performed by repeating the intermittent operation of sucking and discharging the sludge, there is a problem that the sludge accumulated in the filtration pond cannot be continuously removed. (2) In addition, the pressurized water is jetted from the pressurized water injection pipe to float the sludge. However, since the floated sludge diffuses around, only a fraction of the spread sludge is collected. And the collection efficiency is reduced, and also, since the inside of the filtration pond is filled with a large amount of polluted water, it takes a long time for the sludge to settle again, greatly reducing the sludge treatment efficiency, There was a problem that processing cost became large. (3) In the cleaning device described in B, the sludge layer deposited on the bottom of the pond can be efficiently diffused using a cleaning nozzle having jet ports in multiple directions, but is diffused in the pond. Sludge is introduced into a drainage trough provided in a pond, and is only removed after waiting for sedimentation of sludge. Therefore, there is a problem that sludge removal efficiency is low. (4) In Japanese Patent Publication Nos. A and B, positions of a branch pipe, a cleaning nozzle port, a pressure water jet, and the like for sucking sludge positioned with respect to the sludge layer are fixed to the sludge layer. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to mechanically treat a sludge layer deposited over a filter pond having a large area.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can surely excavate and wash a sludge layer deposited on the bottom of a filter pond or an aquaculture fishing ground (hereinafter referred to as a filter pond, etc.). And the sludge can be removed by suction without diffusing the sludge into a wide area in the pond, and the sludge layer accumulated over a large area at the bottom of the filtration pond can be treated continuously and efficiently. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sludge removal device which is excellent, easy to maintain, and excellent in transportability and storage.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following arrangement.

In the sludge removing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, a washing nozzle for injecting washing water containing air toward a sludge layer deposited on a bottom portion, and excavation is performed by the washing water of the washing nozzle. A hood section that covers the periphery of the sludge layer, a sludge transport section that is disposed in communication with the upper opening of the hood section, and that sucks and discharges polluted water containing sludge in the hood section, and supports the hood section. It is configured to have a frame body.

As a result, the following effects can be obtained. (A) A sludge layer at the bottom of a filtration pond or the like can be excavated by a jet flow of washing water containing small-diameter bubbles of air injected from a washing nozzle to disperse sludge in water. The polluted water containing the dispersed sludge is captured by the hood without diffusing the sludge around. The polluted water trapped in the hood can be discharged to an external processing device or the like by using a sludge transport unit provided on the hood and removed. (B) Since the hood portion is provided, the excavated sludge is not scattered outside the hood portion by the injection of the washing water from the washing nozzle portion. It is possible to suppress environmental pollution due to the loss of wastewater and a decrease in wastewater treatment efficiency due to the diffusion of sludge. (C) Since cleaning water containing fine bubbles of air having compressibility is jetted from the cleaning nozzle portion, a water flow stirring effect by the bubbles and a buoyancy effect by agglomerating the bubbles around sludge particles, SS, etc. are obtained. Effectively used to increase sludge collection rate. (D) As compared with the case of injecting only water, the impact force at the time of injecting the mixed water flow can be increased, so that the excavation effect of the sludge layer can be enhanced and fine bubbles can be injected to a deep portion. (E) In addition, since the sludge layer is excavated by using the mixed air flow, air can be contained in the sludge and the sand layer, and the formation of a biofilm in the sand layer and the remaining sludge layer after the removal of the sludge is promoted. It is possible to effectively perform the decomposition treatment of the organic components and the like in the sludge using the microorganisms and the like. (F) Air bubbles in the washing water are adsorbed and agglomerated on the surface of the sludge particles to impart buoyancy to the sludge particles to effectively disperse and float the sludge particles, and the floated sludge is taken out of the washing area by suction force of the sludge transport unit. Can be discharged to (G) When an ejector is used in the sludge transport section, the on-site water such as a filtration pond can be used, and the on-site water is used for the washing water. As well as excellent energy saving. Also,
Since the structure is simple, maintenance can be easily performed.

Here, the bottom means, for example, a water supply facility such as a filter pond or a distribution pond, a pond bottom such as a cultivation pond or an expanded fish farm, and a sea bottom. The filtration pond is a type in which the bottom is covered with a sand layer or the like of a waterworks, and is supplied with polluted domestic wastewater and the like, and sediment the pollutants in the water.

The sludge layer is a layer in which food components and other solid contents in domestic wastewater, and pollutants such as fish dung and feed residues in a culture pond and the like are deposited together with sand and mud.

[0013] The washing nozzle portion is a fan-shaped one having a narrow opening of the washing water discharge port, an aperture-shaped one having a narrowed tip, or a predetermined size on a circumferential side surface of a tubular object whose end is sealed. A material having a large number of openings can be used. When arranging a plurality of washing nozzles according to the size of the filtration basin, etc., provide a space so that no dead space is created when spraying the washing water. Thus, for example, they are arranged in a grid or in a single or a plurality of rows.

[0014] The open lower end of the hood is brought into close contact with the surface of the sludge layer,
It is arranged with an interval of 10 cm and is formed by housing a plurality or a single washing nozzle portion therein, and is made of iron such as stainless steel, or synthetic resin such as PVC, PE, PP, PS, PET, PC or the like. It is composed of a composite material with GF, an inorganic filler or the like, or FRP.

As the sludge conveying section, a vacuum pump type using an ejector, a type using a drainage pump, and the like can be applied.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the sludge removing apparatus according to the first aspect, the sludge conveying section is formed by an ejector driven by high-pressure water.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation obtained in the first aspect. (A) The ejector has a simple structure and does not obstruct the flow of the impeller in the flow path.
Even if it contains sand or dust, it can be operated without any trouble and maintenance is easy. (B) Since the sludge transport section is constituted by an ejector that operates by flowing high-pressure water, it is not necessary to mount a heavy object such as an electric motor on the apparatus main body, and the sludge transfer section is connected to the apparatus main body using a pressure-resistant flexible hose or the like. High pressure water can be supplied from a remote location to operate the sludge transport unit. This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the apparatus main body, easily move the main body along the sludge layer, and efficiently process the sludge layer deposited over a wide area of the filtration pond. When the sludge removing device is made large, an underwater motor may be provided on the frame. (C) Since the driving source of the sludge transport unit is high-pressure water, the water treatment system can be efficiently used by using the supernatant water or polluted water of the nearby filtration pond or the circulating water circulating between the plurality of sludge removing devices. Can be configured. (D) When cavitation is generated appropriately in the ejector section, harmful substances such as bacteria, microorganisms, and algae can be destroyed and decomposed by the impact of cavitation.

Here, the ejector creates a high-speed flow with high-pressure water, passes the high-pressure water through a constricted portion that narrows the flow path of the high-pressure water, and applies a momentum in the flow direction of the high-pressure water to the liquid or the like flowing therein. Is a form of suction. If air is contained in the high-pressure water, the momentum of the high-pressure water is reduced, and the suction performance of the polluted water is reduced. Therefore, it is desirable to grasp the relationship between the air mixing amount and the ejector suction performance. .

The invention described in claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2
In the sludge removing device according to the above, the washing nozzle portion, the hood portion and the frame body provided with the sludge transport unit, and one or more float units fixed to the frame body or disposed vertically movable , Is configured.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation obtained in the first or second aspect. (A) Since the main body part including the washing nozzle part, the hood part, and the sludge conveying part is supported, the main body part floated or settled on the filtration pond is winch along the sludge layer. The sludge layer deposited over a wide area such as a filter pond can be treated continuously. (B) By adjusting the weight and the like of the float portion, the distance between the washing nozzle portion or the lower end of the hood portion and the sludge layer surface can be maintained at a predetermined value. The suction efficiency of the polluted water can be maintained in an appropriate range. (C) Since the float portion is installed on the frame, it can be easily disassembled by removing bolts and the like of the frame, and can be made compact to be stored and transported to the site. (D) The buoyancy of the float portion is adjusted by adding a weight, or supplying and discharging water to the float portion, and the flow and the portion are locked to the frame by a rope or the like, so that the sludge removal device body is submerged. Can be set to an appropriate position where sludge can be efficiently removed.

The float portion is made of a metal material such as iron or stainless steel, a synthetic resin such as PVC, PE, PP, PS, PET, or PC, a composite material of these with GF, an inorganic filler, or FRP. . The float has a volume and a weight necessary to float the apparatus main body while holding air sealed therein. As the float portion, a cylindrical shape whose axis is horizontally arranged, a spherical shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape can be used. In addition, if necessary, by adding a weight to the float portion or the like, or by putting water in or out of the tank of the float portion through a pipe provided in the float portion, to increase or decrease the weight thereof, By adjusting the buoyancy, the discharge port of the washing nozzle and the position of the lower end of the float are set at a predetermined depth with respect to the sludge layer, and the excavation and washing effect by spraying washing water from the washing nozzle is sufficiently effective. Can also be obtained.

The invention described in claim 4 is the first to third aspects of the present invention.
The sludge removing apparatus according to any one of the above, further comprising a traveling stabilizer provided with a sled-like curved portion at the lower end of the frame body.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the first to third aspects. (A) Since a sled-shaped curved portion is provided at a portion in contact with the sludge layer at the lower part of the sludge removing device, even if the sludge layer has large rocks, irregularities, etc., the sludge layer rides on the curved portion, The sludge removal device can be moved along the sludge layer without hindrance, and sludge removal processing can be performed efficiently. (B) When the sled-shaped curved portion is formed in a wide plate shape, an opening is provided in the center, a hood is disposed here, and the sludge removing device is moved along the sludge layer, The bottom of the filtration pond or the like after the treatment of the sludge layer can be pressed against the rear plate-shaped portion to smooth out the sludge layer, whereby the continuous treatment of the sludge layer can be smoothly performed.

Here, the running stabilizing plate is formed of a large plate for the front part and the rear part, or a sled-like plate extending on both sides, and a hood part is formed at the center. An opening in which the opening is arranged may be formed.

[0025] The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claims 1 to 4.
The sludge removing device according to any one of the above, wherein a tip of the washing nozzle portion is formed to be narrowed and opened in a fan shape.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the first to fourth aspects. (A) Since the tip of the washing nozzle portion is formed to open in a fan shape, the sweeping area when the sludge removing device is moved with respect to the sludge layer is increased to further improve the sludge removal processing efficiency. Can be. (B) Since the opening area at the tip of the washing nozzle portion is narrowed, a high-speed and high-pressure mixture water stream can be applied to the sludge layer, and the ability to wash the sludge layer can be improved. (C) Since the tip portion is formed in a fan shape, the dispersibility of the bubbles in the jetted washing water is improved, and the oxygen contained in the air is supplied to the sludge to increase the biological activity in the aeration-treated water. This promotes the decomposition of pollutants, and increases the processing efficiency when purifying water. (D) Since it has a fan-shaped tip that evenly disperses the small bubbles, it is possible to maximize the aeration effect, the cultivation effect, and the sludge adsorption effect by excavating and washing the sludge layer.

Here, it is preferable that the tip of the fan-shaped opening of the cleaning nozzle has an opening angle of 15 to 120 degrees, preferably 25 to 60 degrees for the following reasons. That is,
As the opening angle of the fan becomes smaller than 25 degrees, the sweep area accompanying the movement of the sludge removing device tends to be smaller and the sweeping effect tends to be lacking, and as the angle exceeds 60 degrees, the washing water is excessively dispersed, and the sludge layer is formed. This is because it tends to be difficult to apply the impact force necessary for excavation, and these tendencies are less than 15 degrees or more pronounced at more than 120 degrees.

Here, the inclination angle of the washing nozzle with respect to the sludge layer is vertical or 45 degrees to 80 with respect to the traveling direction.
It is preferable to form the front end portion forward in the range of 55 degrees, preferably 55 degrees to 75 degrees for the following reasons. In other words, when focusing on the agitation performance of the nozzle, it is better to perform excavation with the nozzle standing upright, but the agitation performance is improved, but the excavation depth tends to decrease as the angle becomes smaller at an angle of less than 55 degrees. When the angle exceeds 75 degrees, the effect of floating the sand just above the nozzle and facing the jet flow tends to be weakened. When the angle is smaller than 45 degrees and when the angle exceeds 80 degrees, these tendencies are further strengthened.

By setting the angle between 55 degrees and 75 degrees, the blown-up sludge collides with each other and is fragmented.
Sand and the like from the filter pond collide with each other, and can increase the cleaning effect. When a means for adjusting the angle of the washing nozzle part back and forth is provided, sludge can be efficiently removed simply by changing the angle in the reverse direction when washing the sludge removing device while moving the sludge removing device forward in a filtration pond or the like. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the sludge removing apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the cleaning nozzle unit mixes supplied air and water at a predetermined ratio to finely disperse bubbles. It has a steam-water mixing unit for discharging the washed water.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the first to fourth aspects. (A) Air bubbles in the washing water are finely dispersed, so that when the washing water is sprayed on the sludge layer, the washing water is maintained in a range where the effect of the washing water on the sludge layer can be exerted, and the sludge is removed. Efficiency can be further improved.

Here, the ratio (a) of air (a) and water (b)
/ B) is desirably set in a predetermined range. For example, if this ratio is small, the impact excavation effect of the washing water on the sludge layer is significantly reduced due to insufficient compressible air amount. Conversely, if the ratio is high, large air bubbles are generated because the air amount increases too much. In addition, the energy efficiency is reduced, and the load fluctuation of a pump system or the like for supplying cleaning water is undesirably increased. On the other hand, if the amount of air is too large, the hood tends to float, and the bactericidal effect of cavitation tends to be difficult to obtain. According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sludge removing apparatus according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the suction flow rate (c) of the polluted water sucked from the hood portion by the sludge transport section and the cleaning. The flow rate ratio (c / d) with the flow rate (d) of the washing water supplied to the hood section by the nozzle section is configured to be in the range of 0.1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the first to sixth aspects. (A) Since the flow ratio (c / d) of the suction flow rate (c) of the polluted water and the flow rate (d) of the washing water is within a specific range, conditions for balancing the inflow and outflow of the fluid in the hood portion are set. Under this condition, the diffusion of the polluted water to the surroundings can be suppressed, and the excavation efficiency of the sludge layer can be favorably maintained. (B) It is possible to prevent the hood portion from adsorbing to the bottom portion, improve running stability, and perform continuous operation.

Here, as the flow ratio (c / d) between the suction flow rate (c) of the contaminated water and the flow rate (d) of the washing water becomes smaller than 1, the contaminated water flowing out of the hood increases. It may cause deterioration of the working environment such as filtration ponds. If the flow rate ratio exceeds 5, the concentration of sludge in the polluted water removed by the sludge removal device decreases, while the amount of the removed water increases, the processing cost increases, and the hood section increases. Tend to be close to the bottom, which tends to impair running stability. These tendencies are such that the flow ratio (c / d) is 0.1%.
It becomes less, and when it exceeds 10, it becomes more remarkable. According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the sludge removing apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the cleaning nozzle unit includes a high-pressure water supply pipe through which high-pressure water is supplied from one end,
A water throttle formed at a water discharge side tip of the high-pressure water supply pipe; and an outer pipe coaxially arranged outside the high-pressure water supply pipe and supplied with air through the outside of the high-pressure water supply pipe. When,
And a water-mixing water throttle portion formed coaxially with the water throttle portion of the high-pressure water supply pipe at the discharge-side tip of the outer tube.

With this configuration, the following operation can be obtained in addition to the operation of any one of the first to sixth aspects. (A) High-pressure water to which pressure has been applied by a water throttle section is ejected from its discharge port, and air is supplied to the periphery thereof through an air flow path formed between a high-pressure water supply pipe and an outer pipe. hand,
A high-pressure mixed fluid composed of water and air can be generated. By compressing this mixed fluid consisting of water and air through a mixed water throttle provided at the tip of the outer tube, and then diffusing it into external water, uniform and fine bubbles can be effectively generated. it can. (B) Since uniform and fine air bubbles can be generated, the agitation force and the excavation force of the cleaning water jetted from the cleaning nozzle portion are increased, and the sludge layer cleaning process can be performed efficiently.

Here, the ratio (da / dw) between the inner diameter da of the mixture water throttle section and the inner diameter dw of the water throttle section is 0.8 to 2.5.
Is preferably within the range described below for the following reasons. That is,
If this ratio is less than 0.8, high air pressure is required,
On the other hand, the load on the compressor or the like is increased and the energy saving property is lacking. On the contrary, if it exceeds 2.5, the bubble diameter becomes large, and the excavation and washing effects of the sludge layer by the jet of the fine bubbles are undesirably impaired.

[0036]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sludge removing apparatus according to Embodiment 1.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a sludge removing apparatus according to the first embodiment, and reference numeral 11 denotes sludge formed by accumulating sludge on an upper surface of a bottom of a fish pond such as a filter pond or an aquaculture farm or a sea surface section. A washing nozzle portion for injecting washing water composed of air and water toward the sludge layer 11; a hood portion for covering the portion of the washing nozzle portion 12 where the washing water is sprayed;
Reference numeral 14 denotes a sludge transport unit for suctioning the polluted water wound up at the upper connection port of the hood unit 13 from an opening provided near the side of the throttle unit of the high-pressure water flow path, and 15 supplies high-pressure water to the sludge transport unit 14. A pressure-resistant hose for The main part of the sludge removing device 10 is immersed in water as shown in the figure,
High-pressure water is supplied from outside to the sludge transport section 14, and water and air are supplied to the washing nozzle section 12, respectively. Excavation of the sludge layer 11 in the hood section 13 and polluted water containing excavated sludge are supplied from the top of the hood section 13. Is removed by suction.

The upstream and downstream sides of the high-pressure water flow path excluding the throttle section of the sludge transport section 14 are composed of flexible pressure-resistant hoses 15 and the like. 11 has a sufficient length so that it does not hinder horizontal movement.

The tip of the cleaning nozzle portion 12 has a fan shape of 25 to 6
The air and the water to be supplied are formed at an angle of 0 degree, and the supplied air and water are mixed at a mixing ratio that can obtain an appropriate mixed water flow, and the supply flow rate of the cleaning water is, for example, 5 to 3 water.
The flow rate is set within a range that can be replaced in a time of 0 second, and supplied by a supply device (not shown). The hood portion 13 is made of a relatively lightweight aluminum metal material, PVC, PS,
PP, ABS, AS, HIPS, PS, PA, PET,
Synthetic resin such as PRE, or inorganic resin or GF
The opening is formed on the sludge layer 11 such that the lower end thereof is grounded or provided with a predetermined interval.

The flow ratio (c / d) of the flow rate (c) of the polluted water sucked from the hood section 13 by the sludge transport section 14 and the flow rate (c) of the wash water supplied to the hood section 13 by the washing nozzle section 12. ) Is balanced within a predetermined range of 0.1 to 10.

If the flow rate ratio (c / d) is less than 0.1, the amount of polluted water flowing out of the hood increases, which deteriorates the working environment of the filter pond. Is more than 10, the concentration of sludge in the polluted water removed by the sludge removal device decreases, but the amount of the removed water increases, and the treatment cost increases.

In this way, high-pressure water having a flow rate corresponding to the amount of the washing water supplied to the float unit 13 by the washing nozzle unit 12 is supplied to the sludge conveying unit 14, so that the upper part of the hood unit 13 is contaminated. Water is sucked from the opening. Thus, a water flow for removing polluted water including sludge in the hood portion 13 can be effectively formed. Since the sludge removing device 10 of the first embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation. (A) The sludge layer 11 deposited on the bottom of a filter pond or the like is excavated with washing water containing air jetted from the washing nozzle unit 12 to disperse the dispersed sludge or polluted water containing pollutants such as SS. The sludge transport unit 14 provided above the hood unit 13 is captured by the hood unit 13 and accompanied by the upward flow of air bubbles.
Can be efficiently discharged to the outside and removed. (B) Since the hood portion 13 is provided, it is possible to suppress environmental pollution due to the sludge floating to the outside of the hood portion 13 and a reduction in sewage treatment efficiency due to generation of polluted water. (C) Since the sludge transport section 14 is composed of an ejector that operates with high-pressure water, the sludge transport section 14 can be operated from a place distant from the apparatus main body using a pipe such as a flexible hose, and the weight of the apparatus main body can be reduced. , By pulling with a winch or human power, and moving horizontally along the surface of the sludge layer 11 to facilitate the treatment of the sludge layer 11 deposited over a large area such as a filter basin or a breeding fishery for drinking water. Can be done. (D) Since the driving source of the sludge transport unit 14 is high-pressure water, the supernatant water, the polluted water, or the plurality of sludge removing devices 10
The water treatment system can be configured efficiently using circulating water or the like circulating between the two. (E) Since cleaning water containing compressed and fine bubbles is sprayed from the cleaning nozzle section 12, bubbles are adsorbed and accumulated on the surface of polluting substances such as sludge particles and SS, and buoyancy is imparted to these, thereby providing sludge. Excavation of the sludge layer 11 can be performed effectively by dispersing and floating particles and the like. (F) Since the sludge layer 11 is excavated using the washing water containing air bubbles, air can be contained in the sludge and the sand layer, and the formation of a biofilm in the sand layer and the remaining sludge layer 11 after removing the sludge is promoted. The decomposition of organic components and the like by microorganisms is promoted. (Embodiment 2) FIG. 2 is a side view of a sludge removing apparatus of Embodiment 2 in a state where the apparatus is installed in a filtration pond or the like, FIG. 3 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a sludge removing apparatus according to the second embodiment, reference numeral 21 denotes a sludge layer deposited on the bottom of a filter pond or a breeding and fishing ground, and reference numeral 22 denotes a mixture of air and water mixed toward the sludge layer 21. A cleaning nozzle portion for injecting cleaning water composed of steam and water, 26
Is a hood portion for covering the contaminants and the like and the diffusion portion of the sludge layer 21 and the diffusion portion of the sludge layer 21 which are wound up by the mixed water-like washing water injected from the washing nozzle portion 22 penetrated from the upper wall surface. The hood support frame 26b supports the bottom position so as to be vertically movable, 26b is a slide member that slides in a shaft hole of a support member 26d fixed to a frame 31 or the like fixed to the hood support frame 26a, and 26c is a slide member. A position fixing member for fixing 26b to a predetermined position, 26e is a hood 2
A check valve 27 for preventing the outflow of sludge from 6, a suction valve 27 sucks the contaminated water wound up on the upper portion of the hood 26 from an opening provided in the vicinity of the side surface of the throttle section of the high-pressure water flow path, and conveys it to the outside. A cleaning water supply pump for supplying cleaning water to the cleaning nozzle unit 22; a high-pressure water supply pump 29 for supplying a predetermined flow rate of high-pressure water to the sludge transportation unit 27; Reference numeral 30 denotes the cleaning nozzle portion 22 and the hood portion 2
6, a pair of left and right float parts fixedly disposed on the upper part of a frame 31 that supports the sludge transport unit 27, the cleaning water supply pump 28, and the high pressure water supply pump 29, respectively, and formed into a cylindrical shape; A duct hose 33 for discharging high-pressure water including polluted water discharged from 27 to the outside is connected to a compressor disposed outside a filter pond or the like, or a compressor (not shown) disposed in a frame 31 or the like. An air supply hose 34 for supplying air to the washing nozzle portion 22 by connecting it to the air collecting pipe 33a,
A flat running stabilizer 34 provided with a curved portion in the forward and rearward directions in the moving direction, provided at a lower portion of the frame body 31 placed thereon;
a is an opening of the running stabilizer surrounding the opening of the hood 26 of the running stabilizer 34; 34b is a hood supporting portion erected on the running stabilizer 34 via a fixing member 34c; A strainer 36 having a large number of small holes for removing sand, pebbles, algae, and the like from the water introduced into the pump 28 and the high-pressure water supply pump 29, 36 supplies water from the cleaning water supply pump 28 to the cleaning nozzle 22. It is a water supply hose for supplying via the distribution pipe 36a. In the side view of FIG. 3, reference numerals 23, 24, and 25 denote cleaning nozzles that are arranged at predetermined intervals along the cleaning nozzle 22, and whose discharge ports are accommodated in the hood 26. The cleaning nozzles 23 to 25 are supplied with air and water via the air supply hose 33 and the water supply hose 36 in the same manner as the cleaning nozzle 22.

In the plan view of FIG. 4, piping systems such as the air supply hose 33 and the water supply hose 36 are omitted. As shown in the figure, the sludge removing device 20 is used in a state where a main part thereof is immersed in water such as a filtration pond.

The water in the upper part of the sludge layer 21 is taken in from the bottom of the high pressure water supply pump 29,
Is supplied as high-pressure water for driving. In addition, the sludge layer 21
Upper water is taken in from the bottom of the cleaning water supply pump 28 and supplied to the cleaning nozzles 22 to 25. The cleaning water supply pump 28 and the high-pressure water supply pump 29 are each provided with a filter medium 35 for filtering sludge and the like from the water taken in, so that water for treatment can be externally supplied. Excavation of the sludge layer 21 and suction removal of the excavated sludge are performed without supply. The high-pressure water containing the polluted water sucked by the sludge transporting section 27 is sent to a separately provided sedimentation pond or the like via a duct hose 32, where necessary sludge sedimentation and filtration are performed.

The tips of the cleaning nozzles 22 to 25 are formed in a fan shape and open at a predetermined angle, for example, in a range of 25 to 60 degrees, at a predetermined ratio, for example, 1/3000 to 1/10.
Wash water consisting of air and water at a weight ratio of 0 is injected.
The weight ratio and supply flow rate of air and water in the wash water supplied to the wash nozzles 22 to 25 are controlled using a wash water supply pump 28, a compressor (not shown), and the like.

The hood 26 covering the whole of the cleaning nozzles 22 to 25 is made of PVC, PE, PP, ABS, HIPS,
In the state where the opened lower end is grounded or has an interval of 10 to 100 mm on the sludge layer 21, the mixed-water washing water is jetted, and the impact effect of the washing water including fine bubbles and the bubbles are generated. The sludge layer 21 is effectively excavated by the promotion of the floating of the sludge due to the adhesion of the air and the entrainment effect by the floating of the bubbles, and the excavated SS and pollutants are discharged out of the system. A high-pressure water having a predetermined flow rate corresponding to the flow rate of the cleaning water supplied to the cleaning nozzles 22 to 25 is supplied to the sludge transporting section 27 through a high-pressure water supply pump 29, and the upper portion of the hood 26 is polluted. The water is sucked from the opening to form a water flow for efficiently removing the sludge in the hood 26.

A pair of left and right float portions 30 arranged horizontally
Is made of a material such as metal or plastic such as vinyl chloride resin, and has a space of a predetermined volume therein, and has a buoyancy for maintaining the sludge removing device 20 at a predetermined depth in the filtration pond. I have.

The sludge conveying section 27 uses an ejector driven by high-pressure water to suck the polluted water in the hood section 26 from an opening communicating with the upper section of the hood section 26. Even if contaminants, pebbles, algae, etc. are mixed, the operation can be performed without any trouble, and maintenance can be facilitated. Since the sludge removing device 20 of the second embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation in addition to the operation obtained in the first embodiment. (A) The sludge layer 21 on the bottom of a filter pond or the like is excavated with washing water containing air injected from the washing nozzles 22 to 25, and the polluted water containing the dispersed sludge is captured by the hood 26. Sludge conveying unit 2 provided on the upper part of the hood unit 26
7 can be sent to an external sedimentation basin or treatment device. (B) Since water on site can be used as the washing water or high-pressure water, the water treatment system can be operated efficiently. (C) Since it has the float part 30 which supports the main body part of the apparatus, the main body part floated in water such as a filtration pond is
The sludge layer 21 can be easily horizontally moved on the sludge layer 21 while sequentially treating the sludge layer by pulling with a winch or the like. Thereby, the sludge layer 21 deposited over a wide area such as a filtration pond can be continuously treated. (D) By adjusting the weight and the like of the float portion 30, the distance between the discharge ports of the washing nozzle portions 22 to 25 and the lower end of the hood portion 26 and the surface of the sludge layer 21 can be maintained at a predetermined value. Excavation efficiency by washing water and hood 26
And the efficiency of capturing and sucking the polluted water can be maintained in an appropriate range. (Embodiment 3) FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a washing nozzle portion used in a sludge removing apparatus according to Embodiment 3.

In FIG. 5, reference numeral 40 denotes a washing nozzle portion which is a mixed water nozzle for injecting air and water, and 41 denotes PVC, P
E, PP, PS, PET, PC or the like, or an outer tube formed of a composite material of these and GF, an inorganic filler or the like, or FRP, 42 is coaxially arranged in the outer tube 41,
A high-pressure water supply pipe through which water is supplied from one end side to the tip side, 43 is a mixed water throttle section at the tip of the outer pipe 41, 44 is a water throttle section at the tip of the high-pressure water supply pipe 42, and 45 is a water throttle section at the tip of the outer pipe 41. An air supply pipe 46 for supplying air provided between the outer pipe 41 and the high-pressure water supply pipe 42 is provided between the outer pipe 41 and the high-pressure water supply pipe 42. The air-water mixing section is mixed between the two.

The configuration of the sludge removing apparatus according to the third embodiment other than the cleaning nozzle is the same as that according to the second embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 6A is a front sectional view of the nozzle cap mounted on the cleaning nozzle portion, FIG. 6B is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG. 6C is a plan view thereof.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 47 denotes a wedge-shaped nozzle cap which is expanded in a fan shape for opening the discharge port of the cleaning water containing air in a fan shape and has a narrowed tip. Such a nozzle cap 47 is made of PV
It is made of synthetic resin such as C, PE, PP, PS, PET, and PC, and is fitted, screwed, or bonded to the outer peripheral surface of the mixed water constriction portion 43 at the tip of the cleaning nozzle portion 40, and is attached to the tip of the cleaning nozzle portion 40. is attached to the outlet width d _n of the thickness direction of the distal end portion is about 2
mm, the opening width is about 40 to 50 mm, and the fan-shaped opening angle is about 30 to 45 degrees.

The washing nozzle section 40 has a double circular pipe type in which water flows into a high-pressure water supply pipe 42 disposed at the center, and air flows between the outside of the high-pressure water supply pipe 42 and the inside of the outer pipe 41. In order to enlarge the excavation width of the sludge layer, the fan-shaped nozzle cap 47 is
It is attached to the outer peripheral surface. Since the sludge removing device according to the third embodiment is configured as described above, it has the following operation. (A) Pressurized high-pressure water is ejected from a discharge port thereof to a gas-water mixing section 46 by a water restricting section 44 formed at a distal end of the high-pressure water supply pipe 42, and the surroundings of the gas-water mixing section 46. To supply high-pressure mixed air-water fluid composed of water and fine air bubbles. The mixed gas-water fluid composed of water and fine bubbles is passed through a mixed water throttle section 43 provided at the tip of the outer tube 41, compressed, and then diffused into external water, thereby producing uniform and fine bubbles. Can be generated automatically. (B) Since uniform and fine bubbles can be generated, the excavating power and the stirring power of the cleaning water jetted from the cleaning nozzle unit 40 can be increased, and the sludge layer cleaning process can be performed efficiently. (C) By attaching a nozzle cap 47 or the like to the tip, the discharge port is formed in a fan shape to increase the sweep area when moving the sludge removing device, and to efficiently generate fine and uniform bubbles. it can.

[0056]

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments performed to verify the effects of the present invention will be described.

(Example 1) The excavation depth, width, etc. of the sludge layer by injecting the washing water from the washing nozzle portion may vary depending on the ejection conditions, moving speed, etc. It is necessary to check the basic performance such as excavation depth and width in advance so as not to overexcavate from the viewpoint of sand layer protection. The results of experiments performed to verify this will be described below.

The washing nozzle unit used in this experiment is the washing nozzle unit 40 of the third embodiment. Water flows into the high-pressure water supply pipe 42 disposed at the center, and the high-pressure water supply pipe 42 It is a double circular pipe type in which air flows through the outside and the inside of the outer pipe 41. In order to increase the excavation width of the sludge layer, a fan-shaped nozzle cap 47 is attached to the mixed water narrowing section 43 of the cleaning nozzle section 40. The one attached to the outer peripheral surface was used. By attaching the nozzle cap 47, a fan-shaped gas-liquid two-phase jet in which small bubbles are uniformly dispersed in water can be formed in the gas-water mixing section 46 and jetted from the discharge port. As described above, in the cleaning nozzle unit 40 using the nozzle cap 47,
The jet width can be made wider than that which forms a circular gas-liquid two-phase jet, and the effective excavation width (in other words, the sweep area) can be increased.

[0059] Here, the width d _n of the nozzle cap 47 for exerting the above effect the maximum limit there is an optimum value.

That is, the dimensions of the cleaning nozzle portion 40 (the outer tube 41)
The diameter _{d a} of admission water stop portion 43, the diameter _d w), the nozzle injection water pressure _{P nw} water stop portion 44 of the high pressure water supply pipe 42, and the blast air flow rate _{q na,} outlet width d of the nozzle cap 47 There is an optimum value for _n . In the basic experiment, three types of nozzle caps 4 having outlet widths _dn = 1, 2, and 4 mm were used.
7 was prepared, and an experiment was performed under the following experimental conditions, and the appearance of the jet of the washing water, the excavation of the sludge layer, and the washing were observed.

Experimental conditions: (d _w = 6 mm, d _a = 10 m
m, P _nw = 0.15 to 0.20 MPa, q _na = 7.
5-30 l / min, the distance from the nozzle tip to the sludge layer surface y) nozzle waterjet pressure _{P nw,} in the case of changing the injection air flow rate _{q na} and outlet width _{d n,} proper excavation, carrying out the stirring The value of the injection distance y that can be changed according to those conditions. If the outlet width in this experiment is d _{n =} 2 mm has become a trend that its injection distance y is reduced slightly compared to the case of the other outlet width.

The injection distance y is 350 mm under all conditions.
When the air flow to be mixed was changed while the nozzle injection pressure was kept constant, almost no change was observed in the appearance of the jet by the cleaning water. The width of the nozzle cap 47 when the _d n = 2 mm, effective drilling depth of the sludge layer is 12cm, effective drilling width was about 15cm. In this case, it was found that the effect of increasing the buoyancy due to bubbles in the jetted washing water worked effectively with respect to the agitation of the sand by the washing water. Thus, the exit width is 2mm
In this case, it is considered that a substantially constant and wide jet width can be secured regardless of the distance from the nozzle.

Under the above conditions, it was found that the state of excavation and washing of the sludge layer by the jet of washing water discharged when the width of the nozzle cap 47 was set to d _n = 2 mm could be maintained favorably.

From the experimental observation, it was found that excavation and agitation occurred most vigorously within a range where air mixed with the washing water reached. This is considered to be due to the upward mixing of the air bubbles once injected downward due to the buoyancy, and the injected mixed water jet being counter-mixed. Nozzle injection water pressure and the injection amount of air in a constant state, when changing the distance between the nozzle and the sludge layer to h _{n =} 50 to 150 mm, as the distance increases, the drilling depth is smaller. Only the injection air flow rate is q _na = 7.5 liter / mi
When changing from n to 30 liter / min and keeping the remaining conditions constant, the excavation depth does not change much. In addition, when only the injection water pressure is changed from P _nw = 0.15 MPa to 0.20 MPa, the excavation depth is large.

In the excavation width, when the distance between the excavation nozzle and the sludge layer is changed from h _n = 50 to 150 mm in a state where the nozzle injection water pressure and the injection air flow rate are constant, there is no significant change in the excavation width. . Only the injection air flow rate is q _na =
When changing from 7.5 to 30 l / min and keeping the remaining conditions constant, the excavation width does not change much. Also, when only the injection water pressure is changed from P _nw = 0.15 MPa to 0.20 MPa, the excavation width is large.

From the above, it can be seen that the excavation depth increases as the nozzle injection water pressure increases, and decreases as the distance between the nozzle and the sludge layer increases. The excavation width increased as the nozzle injection water pressure increased as did the depth, but there was little change due to the distance between the nozzle and the sludge layer. In addition, it was found that there was no significant change in the excavation depth and width in the effect of the injection air flow rate. As the actual set value of the cleaning nozzle, the nozzle injection water pressure is P _nw = 0.2
About 0 MPa, the injection air flow rate _q na = 7.5 L / min or so, the distance between the nozzle and the sludge layer is _h n = 50 m
m is considered suitable. (Embodiment 2) The excavation performance of the sludge layer greatly changes depending on the moving speed of the washing nozzle portion. Therefore, the excavation depth when the nozzle was moved was examined. In this case, sand flows into the hollow after the excavation, and it is difficult to evaluate this by visual observation using a water tank or the like. Therefore, the sand layer is colored (a layer having a thickness of 5 cm dyed with methylene blue and a non-colored layer).
(0 cm) in two layers.

The moving speed of the washing nozzle is 5 cm / sec.
The injection water pressure was 0.150 for each of 10 cm / sec.
The experiment was performed under the conditions of MPa and a supply air flow rate of 7.5 liter / min.

When the moving speed of the washing nozzle was 5 cm / sec, the excavation depth reached about 7 cm, the stirring area was large, and the stirring state was good.

In the case where the moving speed of the washing nozzle portion is 10 cm / sec, the excavable range is only about 1 cm from the surface layer of the sand layer, and the stirring is hardly performed.

In these cases, it was observed that the agitated sand flowed in the direction opposite to the nozzle moving direction, and floated behind the nozzle. The excavation depth becomes smaller as the moving speed of the nozzle increases, when the nozzle injection water pressure and the injection air flow rate are constant. In the case where the moving speed is constant and the injection conditions are different, the one where the nozzle injection water pressure or the injection air flow rate is larger is excavated deeper. In this way, the moving speed is excavated,
It was found that the stirring was strongly affected. When the excavation depth is V = 10 cm / s or less, D _d = 50 mm or more is ensured under any injection conditions. Therefore, as a set traveling speed, V = 5 to 10 cm / s is appropriate. I think that the.

In the first embodiment, the jet angle of the cleaning nozzle with respect to the sludge layer is vertical, that is, 90 degrees. However, the jet angle of the cleaning nozzle is moved while standing obliquely in the angle range of 60 to 75 degrees. In this case, unlike the case where the nozzle is set up vertically, the agitated sand rises just above the moving nozzle and faces the newly jetted flow as it moves. Has become.

Table 3 shows the data of the excavation depth. From the above data and experimental observations, considering only the excavation performance, there is no change depending on the nozzle angle, but when focusing on the subsequent stirring performance, it is better to excavate with the nozzle standing upright. It is thought that. In addition, about the injection angle of the nozzle with respect to the sludge layer, 60
If the angle is less than degrees, the excavation depth will be small,
If it exceeds 75 degrees, the effect of floating the sand directly above the nozzle and facing the jet flow is diminished. Therefore, it is preferable to set the range to 60 to 75 degrees. From these series of experiments, it was found that when excavating the sludge layer while moving the washing nozzle, the excavation depth greatly changed depending on the moving speed, and that the deepest part of the excavation depth was behind the nozzle immediately below Was. (Embodiment 3) FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the flow rate of mixed air (supplied air flow rate) mixed with high-pressure water serving as a driving source and the net suction flow rate in an ejector type pump (jet pump). From FIG. 7, it can be seen that the net suction flow rate tends to decrease as the mixed air flow rate increases. In particular, it can be seen that the net suction flow rate decreases extremely when the mixed air flow rate reaches 130 liter / min. Considering the practical range, the mixed air flow rate in this system is at most 12
It can be seen that it is necessary to set about 0 liter / min. (Embodiment 4) FIG. 8 is a graph showing a temporal change in turbidity in a filtration pond when a sludge removing device is applied, and FIG. 9 is a graph showing a temporal change in chromaticity.

In this water quality test, in addition to a visual inspection, five items, such as turbidity and chromaticity, of the sample water collected from the filtration pond were examined as criteria for judging the filtration function of the sludge removing device.

As shown in FIG. 8, when the present system is applied (solid line) and when sludge is removed manually (broken line).
In both, the turbidity at the start of both filtrations was 0.2
Although the value was as high as 5 degrees, the turbidity value dropped sharply on the second day after the test was completed, and on the 10th day it became 0.10 degrees or less of the provisional guideline value for the crypt, and thereafter gradually decreased. The tendency was seen.

It is said that it is difficult to lower the chromaticity of the treated water by slow filtration. However, as shown in FIG. 9, it can be seen that the water quality is lower than the reference value of 5.0 degrees in both cases. (Example 5) Table 1 shows data of a water quality test result 16 days after the filtration by the sludge removing device. In the case of the first pond washed with this system, general bacteria have been reduced to 14.6% before treatment and E. coli to 1.6%. Thus, it can be seen that the results are better than in the case of the No. 2 pond, in which sludge is removed manually.

[0076]

[Table 1]

Comprehensively judging from the test results of Examples 4 and 5 above, and both showed no difference in water quality, and the biological filtration function was sufficient even when washing was performed using this system. It was considered secured. As is clear from the findings obtained in Examples 1 to 5,
Sludge removal having a washing nozzle part for injecting washing water toward a sludge layer, a hood part surrounding the excavated sludge layer, and a sludge conveying part for sucking and discharging the sludge containing sludge in the hood part In the apparatus, the excavation conditions of the sludge layer by injecting the washing water from the washing nozzle unit (the jet width of the washing water, the jet pressure of the washing water, the amount of supplied air, the jet angle for the washing water with the sludge layer, the sludge layer and the nozzle Injection distance to the tip,
The optimal value of the moving speed of the washing nozzle, the amount of air mixed in the sludge transporting section, and the supply of high-pressure water varies depending on the size of the filtration pond to be treated, the water depth, the thickness and type of the sludge layer, and the like. I understand.

[0078]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (A) A sludge layer at the bottom of a filtration pond or the like can be excavated by a jet flow of washing water containing small-diameter bubbles of air injected from a washing nozzle to disperse sludge in water. The polluted water containing the dispersed sludge is captured by the hood without diffusing the sludge around. The polluted water trapped in the hood can be discharged to an external processing device or the like by using a sludge transport unit provided on the hood and removed. (B) Since the hood portion is provided, the excavated sludge is not scattered outside the hood portion by the injection of the washing water from the washing nozzle portion. It is possible to suppress environmental pollution due to the loss of wastewater and a decrease in wastewater treatment efficiency due to the diffusion of sludge. (C) Since cleaning water containing air having compressibility is jetted from the cleaning nozzle portion, a water flow stirring effect by air bubbles and a buoyancy effect by agglomeration of air bubbles around sludge particles, SS, etc. are effectively exhibited. And increase the sludge collection rate. (D) As compared with the case where only water is injected, the impact force at the time of injection of the mixed water flow can be increased, and the excavation effect of the sludge layer can be enhanced. (E) In addition, since the sludge layer is excavated by using the mixed air flow, air can be contained in the sludge and the sand layer, and the formation of a biofilm in the sand layer and the remaining sludge layer after the removal of the sludge is promoted. It is possible to effectively perform the decomposition treatment of the organic components and the like in the sludge using the microorganisms and the like. (F) Air bubbles in the washing water are adsorbed and agglomerated on the surface of the sludge particles to impart buoyancy to the sludge particles to effectively disperse and float the sludge particles, and the floated sludge is taken out of the washing area by suction force of the sludge transport unit. Can be discharged to (G) When an ejector is used in the sludge transport section, the on-site water such as a filtration pond can be used, and the on-site water is used for the washing water. As well as excellent energy saving. Also,
Since the structure is simple, maintenance can be easily performed. According to the second aspect of the present invention,
The following effects are obtained in addition to the effects obtained in the first aspect. (A) Since the ejector has a simple structure and does not obstruct the flow of the impeller or the like in the flow path, it can be operated without trouble even if high-pressure water contains algae, sand, dust, and the like. , Maintenance is easy. (B) Since the sludge transport section is constituted by an ejector that operates by flowing high-pressure water, it is not necessary to mount a heavy object such as an electric motor on the apparatus main body, and the sludge transfer section is connected to the apparatus main body using a pressure-resistant flexible hose or the like. High pressure water can be supplied from a remote location to operate the sludge transport unit. This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the apparatus body and to move the apparatus body, thereby facilitating the treatment of the sludge layer deposited over a wide area of the filtration pond. (C) Since the driving source of the sludge transport unit is high-pressure water, the water treatment system can be efficiently used by using the supernatant water or polluted water of the nearby filtration pond or the circulating water circulating between the plurality of sludge removing devices. Can be configured. According to the third aspect of the invention, the following effects can be obtained by this configuration in addition to the effects obtained in the first or second aspect. (A) Since the main body portion including the washing nozzle portion, the hood portion, and the sludge conveying portion has a float portion that supports the main body portion, the main body portion floated on the filtration pond can be easily moved,
A sludge layer deposited over a large area such as a filtration pond or a culture pond can be continuously and efficiently treated. (B) By adjusting the weight and the like of the float part, the distance between the cleaning nozzle part and the lower end of the hood part and the sludge layer surface can be maintained at a predetermined value. The suction efficiency of the polluted water by the section can be maintained in an appropriate range. (C) Since the float portion is set on the frame, it can be easily disassembled by removing bolts and the like of the frame, and can be made compact to be stored and transported to the site. (D) The buoyancy of the float can be adjusted by adding a weight, or supplying and discharging water to the float, so that the depth of the sludge removing device in water can be set to an appropriate position where sludge can be efficiently removed. . According to the invention set forth in claim 4, with this configuration, the following effect can be obtained in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 3. (A) Since a sled-shaped curved portion is provided at a portion in contact with the sludge layer at the lower part of the sludge removing device, even if the sludge layer has large rocks, irregularities, etc., the sludge layer rides on the curved portion, The sludge removal device can be moved along the sludge layer without hindrance, and sludge removal processing can be performed efficiently. (B) When the sled-shaped curved portion is formed in a wide plate shape, an opening is provided in the center, a hood is disposed here, and the sludge removing device is moved along the sludge layer, The bottom of the filtration pond or the like after the treatment of the sludge layer can be pressed against the rear plate-shaped portion to smooth out the sludge layer, whereby the continuous treatment of the sludge layer can be smoothly performed. According to the invention set forth in claim 5, with this configuration, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects of any one of claims 1 to 4. (A) Since the tip of the washing nozzle portion is formed to open in a fan shape, the dead space when the sludge removing device is moved with respect to the sludge layer is reduced, and the sludge removal processing efficiency is further improved. Can be. (B) Since the opening area at the tip of the washing nozzle portion is narrowed, a high-speed and high-pressure mixture water stream can be applied to the sludge layer, and the ability to wash the sludge layer can be improved. (C) Since the tip portion is formed in a fan shape, the dispersibility of the bubbles in the sprayed washing water is improved, and oxygen contained in the air is supplied to the sludge, thereby increasing the biological activity in the treated water and increasing the microorganisms. This promotes the decomposition of pollutants, thereby increasing the processing efficiency when purifying water. According to the invention set forth in claim 6, with this configuration, the following effect can be obtained in addition to the effect of any one of claims 1 to 5. (A) Since the air and water in the wash water are set in a specific weight ratio range, the impact effect when the wash water is injected into the sludge layer is maintained in a predetermined good range, and the sludge removal treatment efficiency is maintained. Can be further improved. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by this configuration in addition to the effects of any one of the first to sixth aspects. (A) Since the flow ratio (c / d) of the suction flow rate (c) of the polluted water and the flow rate (d) of the washing water is within a specific range, conditions for balancing the inflow and outflow of the fluid in the hood portion are set. Under this condition, the diffusion of the polluted water to the surroundings can be suppressed, and the excavation efficiency of the sludge layer can be maintained satisfactorily. According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, this configuration enables the first to seventh aspects.
The following effects are obtained in addition to the effects of any one of the above items. (A) High-pressure water to which pressure has been applied by a water throttle section is ejected from its discharge port, and air is supplied to the periphery thereof through an air flow path formed between a high-pressure water supply pipe and an outer pipe. hand,
A high-pressure mixed fluid composed of water and air can be generated. By compressing this mixed fluid consisting of water and air through a mixed water throttle provided at the tip of the outer tube, and then diffusing it into external water, uniform and fine bubbles can be effectively generated. it can. (B) Since uniform and fine air bubbles can be generated, the agitation force and the excavation force of the cleaning water jetted from the cleaning nozzle portion are increased, and the sludge layer cleaning process can be performed efficiently.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sludge removing device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a sludge removing device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a sludge removing device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a sludge removing device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a cleaning nozzle in a sludge removing device according to a third embodiment.

6A is a front sectional view of a nozzle cap mounted on a cleaning nozzle portion, FIG. 6B is a side sectional view thereof, and FIG.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a relationship between a supply air flow rate of a jet pump and a net suction flow rate.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temporal change in turbidity in a filtration pond.

FIG. 9 is a graph of a temporal change in chromaticity in a filtration pond.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sludge removing device 11 Sludge layer 12 Cleaning nozzle unit 13 Food unit 14 Sludge transporting unit 15 Pressure-resistant hose 20 Sludge removing device 21 Sludge layer 22 Cleaning nozzle unit 23 Cleaning nozzle unit 24 Cleaning nozzle unit 25 Cleaning nozzle unit 26 Hood part 26a Hood part support frame 26b Slide member 26c Position fixing member 26d Support member 27 Sludge transporting part 28 Cleaning water supply pump 29 High pressure water supply pump 30 Float part 31 Frame 32 Duct hose 33 Air supply hose 33a Air supply pipe 34 Running Stabilizer 34a Running Stabilizer Opening 34b Hood Support 35 Filter Material 36 Water Supply Hose 36a Distribution Pipe 40 Washing Nozzle 41 Outer Pipe 42 High-Pressure Water Supply Pipe 43 Mixing Water Restrictor 44 Water Restrictor 45 Air Supply Pipe 46 Air / water mixing unit 47 Nozzle cap

Claims (8)

[Claims] A cleaning nozzle for injecting cleaning water containing air toward a sludge layer deposited on a bottom; a hood for covering around a sludge layer excavated by the cleaning water of the cleaning nozzle; A sludge conveying unit that is disposed in communication with the upper opening of the unit, sucks and discharges polluted water containing sludge in the hood unit, and a frame that supports the hood unit. Sludge removal equipment. 2. The sludge removing device according to claim 1, wherein the sludge conveying section is formed by an ejector driven by high-pressure water. 3. A frame having the cleaning nozzle, the hood, and the sludge transporting portion, and one or more floats fixed to or vertically movable with the frame. The sludge removing device according to claim 1, wherein the sludge is removed. 4. The sludge removing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a traveling stabilizer provided at a lower end portion of said frame body with a front and rear curved portion. 5. The sludge removing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a tip of said washing nozzle portion is formed to be narrowed and open in a fan shape. 6. The washing nozzle unit has a steam-water mixing unit that mixes supplied air and water at a predetermined ratio and discharges washing water in which bubbles are finely dispersed. Item 5. The sludge removing device according to any one of Items 1 to 4. 7. A flow ratio (c) between a suction flow rate (c) of the polluted water sucked from the hood section by the sludge transport section and a washing water flow rate (d) supplied to the hood section by the washing nozzle section. The sludge removal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein / d) is in the range of 0.1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5. 8. A high-pressure water supply pipe to which high-pressure water is supplied from one end, a water throttle section formed at a water discharge side end of the high-pressure water supply pipe, and the high-pressure water supply. An outer pipe arranged coaxially outside the pipe and supplied with air through the outside of the high-pressure water supply pipe; and a discharge-side tip of the outer pipe coaxially with a water throttle portion of the high-pressure water supply pipe. 2. A mixed water throttle portion formed in the portion.
The sludge removing device according to any one of claims 6 to 6.