JP2001270773A - Adsorbent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique for developing an adsorbent including pulverized coal. SOLUTION: Pulverized coal and clay are mixed, formed into a prescribed shape, then dried and fired at a prescribed temperature in a reducing or neutral atmosphere, thereby, the objective adsorbent is produced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adsorbent used for adsorbing moisture, odors, minute impurities and the like using charcoal.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Charcoal is primarily used as a fuel,
Since a large number of fine voids are formed in the tissue, it is used for adsorption of bad smell, moisture, minute impurities, and the like.

[0003]

At present, rod-shaped charcoal produced as fuel is often used as an adsorbent in its original shape, but is expensive and difficult to handle. There is a method in which pulverized coal generated during charcoal production is stored in a breathable bag, or solidified with a glue material and used as an adsorbent, but it is difficult to use because fine charcoal powder leaks and contaminates the area. In addition, there is a problem in that when solidified with a glue material, the adsorbing effect is reduced and the cost is increased, resulting in the end.

On the other hand, "sawdust" and "plane waste" generated when lumbering wood is discarded because there is no effective use method. Since bamboo grows quickly, it is expected to be a promising natural resource, but it has not yet been fully used. In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a method of developing an effective use of wood flour and bamboo pieces, and at the same time, providing a method of facilitating the use of powdered charcoal having few uses as an adsorbent. It is an issue.

[0005]

In order to solve such a problem, according to the present invention, a powdery or small lump of charcoal or bamboo charcoal and the like are mixed with clay in such a ratio as to have plasticity. After being formed into the shape of (1) and dried, the clay is fired in a reducing atmosphere or a neutral atmosphere at a temperature within a range in which the clay is in an unfired state.

[0006] The same effect is obtained by mixing a small plant object such as dried wood flour or bamboo chips with clay in a ratio within a formable range to form a desired shape, and then drying the clay. This can be achieved by baking at a temperature in a range where the state becomes a state, and carbonizing the small plant objects to form an adsorbent having a desired shape. It is desirable to mix a predetermined amount of chamotte with the above mixture because molding is easy and voids are easily formed when firing.

[0007] Molding does not deny that the mixture is softened to the extent that it has fluidity and casting is performed.
It is general to mold a plastic thing that can be molded by hand. The firing condition is a reducing or neutral atmosphere of 500 to 900 ° C, preferably 600 to 800 °. Firing in a reducing atmosphere is desirable from the viewpoint of suppressing the combustion of the carbon portion contained.

[0008]

[Function] Powdery charcoal, which is difficult to use, is mixed with clay, formed into a desired shape, dried, and then fired at a low temperature such that the clay becomes unglazed, so that it is easy to handle and absorbs easily. Agent can be formed, paving the way for the effective use of pulverized coal. Also, sawdust without an effective use method,
Bamboo pieces and the like are formed into a desired shape using clay and fired at such a low temperature that the clay becomes an unfired state with air permeability, so that the clay can be effectively used as an adsorbent.

[0009] Charcoal is effective as an adsorbent, but in the form of charcoal for fuel, the range of use is limited and it is expensive. There is also a method of storing pulverized coal generated during the production of charcoal in an air-permeable bag or solidifying it with a glue material. However, the supply is limited and it is difficult to use because it is soiled. In addition, when solidifying with a glue material, the adsorption effect is reduced.

The clay is mixed with the clay and formed into a desired shape.
By firing in a reducing atmosphere where the woody part is not burned,
The charcoal portion can be adsorbed. By adjusting the firing temperature, the strength, air permeability, water permeability, etc. can be adjusted to some extent.

Since clay can be freely formed, it can be formed into a shape having a large contact area with the outside air, such as a plate, a perforated tube, or a perforated plate. In addition, it is easy to handle by giving it decorativeness by forming it into an ornamental shape and coloring it.
An adsorbent that does not give a feeling of strangeness even when exposed in a home or office can be formed.

[0012] As products using pulverized coal, fuels such as soybean charcoal and briquettes formed by pulverizing coal dust and solidifying it with a glue material before and after the Pacific War are known. However, these are mainly for producing an alternative fuel by forming coal powder having no adsorption effect, and have completely different purposes, usage methods and effects from the adsorbent of the present invention.

[0013]

Example 1 Powdered charcoal and wet clay were mixed at a weight ratio of about 1: 1 and kneaded to prepare a mixture capable of maintaining a uniform shape, as shown in FIG. Such a spherical body 1 having a diameter of about 2 cm is formed.

After the spherical body 1 is sufficiently dried, it is filled in a baking vessel (pod), stacked in a baking furnace in a state of being housed in the baking vessel, and in a reducing atmosphere, the clay is unbaked at 600 ° C. By sintering up and down, a spherical adsorbent A is formed. As shown in FIG. 2, the spherical adsorbent A thus formed is filled in a gas permeable net bag 2 and installed at a desired location to be used in a wide range of applications such as moisture absorption and odor absorption. use. Even if fine cracks are formed in the clay, there is no problem in the application.

[0015]

Example 2 A mixture of powdered charcoal and clay is formed in the same manner as in the previous example. Using a kneading extruder, a thin tubular body 3 having an outer diameter of 3 cm and an inner diameter of 1 cm as shown in FIG. 3 is formed, and cut into a length of about 20 cm to form a thin tube. . After being dried, it is baked at about 700 degrees Celsius in a reducing atmosphere as in the previous embodiment to form a tubular adsorbent A. Since it is a thin tube, it can be inserted into a narrow place and has a large surface area in contact with the outside air, so that it can be applied to various uses as an adsorbent. It is also possible to bundle a plurality of thin tubular bodies using a string-like material, or to form a fence-like shape by juxtaposing them in a row.

[0016]

EXAMPLE 3 Dried powdery or lumpy charcoal and clay are mixed in a weight ratio of about 1: 2. After sufficiently kneading, using a press machine, as shown in FIG.
A board 4 having a square shape of 0 cm and a thickness of 10 cm is formed. The board body is provided with a number of small through-holes 5 penetrating up and down, dried sufficiently, and fired in a reducing atmosphere to about 650 degrees Celsius to obtain a block-shaped adsorbent A having a number of up-down through holes. Form. It is convenient to install under the floor of a house and use it for absorbing moisture under the floor.

When fine charcoal powder is mixed, fine charcoal powder is added to the moistened chamotte, and the charcoal powder is "sprayed" on the surface of the chamotte and then mixed with the clay. desirable.

[0018]

Example 4 Dry bamboo is crushed into small pieces by a machine to form small bamboo pieces. The small bamboo pieces and the clay are kneaded at an approximate weight ratio of about 1: 1 to form a rectangular plate having a thickness of 2 cm and a side of 30 cm, and having irregularities using a press machine. As shown in FIG. 5, an uneven board body 41 having a total plate thickness of 5 cm and a side cross-sectional shape formed into a repeating wavy shape is formed. After drying, it is fired in a reducing atmosphere to about 700 degrees Celsius to form the adsorbent A composed of the uneven disk 41.

Since the surface is uneven, the surface area in contact with the outside air is larger than that of a flat plate. Even if it is installed flat, there is a gap between it and the floor, and a box or the like can be placed on top. It is highly effective as an adsorbent.

[0020]

Embodiment 5 Since the adsorbent of the present invention is based on clay, it has high plasticity and can be formed in various shapes. The dried sawdust and the clay moistened to a shape-retainable ratio are mixed in a weight ratio of about 1: 2 and kneaded to form a uniform mixture, for example, into a doll or animal shape. Baking at a low temperature of 600 to 700 degrees Celsius. It is colored using a water-based paint with air permeability and formed like an ornament.

It can be formed into a large flat plate and used as a surface material such as a wall surface or a ceiling or as a backing material. It is also possible to use small flat tiles. The shape and application are not specified, such as forming tiles with irregularities, coloring and using them for wall materials.

[0022]

According to the present invention, a small plant material such as pulverized coal, sawdust, planing scrap, bamboo chips, etc., and clay are kneaded at a predetermined ratio to form a plastic material which can be molded, formed into a desired shape, and then dried. By firing the clay at a temperature to bring the clay into an unfired state, the wood portion and the bamboo portion are carbonized to form an infinite number of voids, whereby an easy-to-use adsorbent can be formed.
It is desirable because it can be used effectively with low utility value, such as pulverized coal and sawdust.

Since the clay in the unbaked state is air permeable because the clay particles are bonded in a point bonding state, the mixed carbonized portion is connected to the outside and works effectively as an adsorbent. be able to. When placed in an atmosphere containing moisture, odor, and harmful gas, moisture, odor, and harmful gas can be removed, which can be useful for improving the living environment and preserving food.

By utilizing the plasticity of clay, it can be formed into a desired shape suitable for the purpose of use, so that the surface can be decorated with a breathable paint and used as an architectural surface material or a figurine such as a doll. It is possible to widen the range.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a spherical adsorbent.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of an adsorbent filled in a net bag.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of an adsorbent composed of a thin tubular body.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of an adsorbent composed of a disk.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of an adsorbent composed of a corrugated disk.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Adsorbent 1 Spherical body 2 Net bag 3 Thin tubular body 4 Board body 5 Through hole

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Small plant objects such as wood flour and bamboo chips, and / or powdery or small pieces of charcoal and clay are mixed in a proportion within a moldable range, and then mixed into a predetermined shape. Molded,
Next, the adsorbent is formed by drying and then firing in a neutral or reducing atmosphere at 500 to 900 degrees Celsius to form the clay in an unfired state. 2. The adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the firing atmosphere is a reducing atmosphere. 3. The firing temperature is from 600 to 800 °.
An adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 2. 4. The clay according to claim 1, wherein roasted powder (chamotte) obtained by pulverizing the calcined clay is mixed in a predetermined ratio.
The adsorbent according to any one of claims 3 to 3.