JP3683726B2 - Method for producing humidity-controllable building material and humidity-controllable building material - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a papermaking building material that is used as a wall material for buildings and the like, and is obtained by making a slurry-like raw material, forming it into a plate shape, etc., and then curing it. The present invention relates to a method for producing a papermaking building material and a humidity-controlling papermaking building material obtained by this production method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an example of the papermaking building material, there is an asbestos slate board. Asbestos slate boards are made by mixing raw materials such as asbestos and cement with a relatively large amount of water to form a slurry, and scraping the slurry like paper to produce a plate-like molded board. Cured for a long time and hardened by the hydraulic action of the cement.
[0003]
Instead of asbestos, a slag board using iron slag wool, a calcium board using calcium silicate, a wood wool cement board using wood wool, and the like are also manufactured using the same papermaking technology as that of the asbestos slate board. These papermaking building materials are widely used as finishing materials for inner and outer wall surfaces of buildings.
When an asbestos slate board or the like is used as a building material that constitutes an indoor wall surface of a building, humidity control that absorbs or releases moisture may be required. The building material itself may have a certain degree of humidity control. However, when higher humidity control is required, it is conceivable to mix a humidity control material excellent in moisture absorption and desorption with the raw material.
[0004]
As the humidity control material, powder of a material having a porous structure such as zeolite or diatomaceous earth is used.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the humidity control powder is mixed with the raw material of the papermaking building material, the humidity control material absorbs a large amount of water in the raw material slurry manufacturing stage.
When the humidity-controlling material powder that has absorbed a large amount of water swells, the fluidity of the raw material slurry is greatly reduced, and the papermaking operation becomes very difficult. Since the moisture-conditioning material has extremely high water retention, it takes a long time for drainage or dehydration after paper making, resulting in a reduction in production efficiency.
[0006]
Even if press forming is performed after paper making and quick dehydration is performed, the moisture retained in the humidity control material is not easily dehydrated even when pressure is applied, and it takes a long time to dry and cure.
In addition, humidity conditioning materials containing a large amount of moisture cause significant shrinkage when moisture is released during the drying or curing process, resulting in inaccurate or deformed dimensions and deformation of the manufactured building materials. It may also adversely affect the finish and performance of building materials.
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to improve the humidity control property of a papermaking building material using a humidity control material, and to efficiently perform the production and to obtain a humidity control papermaking material excellent in quality performance.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A method for producing a humidity-controllable papermaking material according to the present invention is a method of papermaking and curing a slurry-like raw material to manufacture a papermaking building material having humidity control properties, wherein the raw material not containing the humidity-controlling material is dispersed in water. forming a step of forming a base layer of water-containing slurry material in papermaking, the papermaking to the surface of the base layer of hydrous state, a humidity control material layer a humidity material is deposited containing a binder comprising Te and a step of, curing the laminates of the base layer and the humidity-conditioning material layer.
[0009]
〔Base material〕
The same raw materials as normal papermaking building materials are used. For example, in the case of asbestos slate board, cement and asbestos are the main raw materials. Slag wool is used for the slag board, wood wool is used for the wood cement board, and calcium silicate is used for the calcium board. Some also contain pulp and wood chips. If gypsum is used instead of cement, it becomes a gypsum board. Clay can also be used as the curing material. It is also possible to cure by combining natural or synthetic fibers and organic binders. In addition to these main raw materials, other additives such as other aggregates, curing accelerators, and coloring agents can be blended.
[0010]
The raw material constituting the base material is dissolved or dispersed in water and made into a slurry (slurry).
However, in the case of the present invention, the humidity control material blended in the slurry-like raw material in the conventional papermaking building material is not blended. In addition, although there are materials that have some moisture absorption even in the raw material components that are not considered humidity control materials, such materials do not hinder the manufacture of papermaking building materials or deteriorate quality performance, It is not included in the humidity control material in the present invention, and can be blended with the slurry material of the base material.
[0011]
The slurry-like raw material is made into a predetermined shape such as a plate using a normal paper making apparatus to form a base material layer. Excess water is removed from the slurry-like raw material by papermaking. The shape of the base material layer can be made into a shape having irregularities and curved surfaces such as a corrugated plate shape in addition to a simple flat plate shape.
If the papermaking operation is continuously performed using a papermaking conveyor or the like, a belt-like base material layer can be continuously produced. A single plate can be obtained by cutting the belt-like base material layer. Of course, a single plate-like base material layer can be made.
[0012]
[Humidity control material]
A humidity control material is a material that reversibly exhibits moisture absorption properties that take moisture into the inside and moisture release properties that release the moisture inside to the outside, depending on the difference in humidity from the surrounding environment. Humidity control materials used for ordinary building materials are used.
The humidity-controlling material is in the form of powder, fibers, or strips, and it is easy to handle such as preparing a humidity-controlling material layer by deposition. As the granular material, those having a particle size of 0.2 to 5 mm are preferable, and those having a particle size of 2 mm or less are more preferable. Depending on the particle size of the humidity conditioning material, the surface texture of the papermaking building material varies, and a design effect can be exhibited. A porous material having fine pores is preferable because of excellent humidity control.
[0013]
The following substances can be used as the humidity control material. Porous minerals including zeolite, sepiolite, etc. Charcoal including charcoal, activated carbon, pulp sludge charcoal, and ferrite charcoal. A deliquescent compound that includes calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, lithium chloride, sodium silicate, and the like. Insoluble superabsorbent resin including isobutylene maleic anhydride resin, polyacrylic acid resin, grafted starch and the like. Water-soluble polymers including glycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, poval, CMC, polyethylene oxide, starch and the like. Clay minerals that include attabargite, montmorillonite, zonotlite, and activated clay. Diatomaceous earth such as Wakkanai diatomite made of Wakkanai diatom shale. silica gel. wood. pulp. Among these substance groups, at least one kind can be used in combination of plural kinds as necessary.
[0014]
Charcoal is excellent in deodorizing property, gas adsorbing property, antistatic property, ion adjusting function and the like. In particular, in terms of gas adsorbability, it is preferable because it has a low selectivity with respect to the type of gas as in the case of ordinary inorganic materials and can efficiently adsorb many types of gas components.
As charcoal, in addition to normal pulverized charcoal, various types of charcoal such as charcoal of various wood or wood materials, carbonized food, pulp, paper, etc. can be used. It will be excellent. Food waste is highly safe for the human body. As food waste, coffee, tea, okara, food, etc. can be used.
[0015]
As the humidity control material, a material having a deodorizing function, an antifungal function and the like in addition to the humidity control function can be used.
As the granular material, a natural mineral or an artificially synthesized inorganic substance can be used, and it is excellent in nonflammability and fire resistance. In order to give a balanced humidity control performance and deodorizing performance as a porous granular material made of an inorganic material, for example, an average pore radius of 20 to 100 mm and a specific surface area of 20 to ²⁰⁰ m ² / g, preferably Having a specific surface area of 20 to ²⁰⁰ m ² / g is used.
[0016]
The shape of the powder body may be any shape such as an indefinite shape, a spherical shape, a rod shape, or an elliptical shape as long as it is powdery and / or granular.
Considering the point of imparting balanced humidity control performance and deodorizing performance as granular coal, for example, those having an average pore radius of 1.5 to 100 mm and a specific surface area of 50 to 600 m ² / g, preferably Is used having an average pore radius of 10 to 50 mm and a specific surface area of 100 to 300 m ² / g.
[0017]
By combining the pulverized coal with the porous granular material made of the inorganic material, balanced humidity control performance and deodorizing performance can be exhibited. The ratio of the granular coal to the total amount of the inorganic porous granular material and the granular coal is preferably 20 to 80% by weight. When the ratio of pulverized coal exceeds 80% by weight, moisture that has been absorbed is not readily released, resulting in a lack of moisture conditioning performance, and problems such as the occurrence of condensation occur. When the proportion of the granular coal is less than 20% by weight, it is difficult to improve the deodorizing effect, the negative ion effect on the earth, and the effect of maintaining a healthy environment for humans, which are remarkable effects on the granular coal.
[0018]
As the humidity conditioner, a granulated product obtained by granulating one or more kinds of the substances to be the humidity conditioner described above can be used. By using a granulated material, it becomes easy to use a fine powdery raw material which is difficult to handle. It becomes easy to make stable the performance by making the particle diameter of the humidity control material uniform. Materials having different functions can be blended uniformly, and a synergistic function can be easily exhibited, and the characteristics of the surface on which the humidity control material layer is disposed in the papermaking building material are stabilized. Combining non-combustible inorganic materials with charcoal, which is likely to cause problems such as dust explosions and fires and is difficult to handle, facilitates handling and improves the nonflammability of papermaking building materials using charcoal as a humidity control material.
[Stacking of humidity control materials]
After the base material layer is formed from the slurry-like raw material in the paper making process, a humidity control material is deposited on the surface of the base material layer to stack the humidity control material layer.
[0019]
The humidity control material and the binder can be mixed and deposited on the surface of the base material layer. As the binder, a curable material such as cement, gypsum, and clay can be used. As the binder, inorganic materials such as cement and organic materials such as polymers can be used. Properties such as strength and humidity control can be adjusted depending on the type and blending ratio of the binder.
[0020]
The humidity control material may be deposited immediately after the base material is made, or the humidity control material may be deposited after the base material layer after the paper making is filtered to some extent.
The thickness of the humidity control material layer can be set according to the degree of the humidity control function to be imparted to the papermaking building material. If the thickness of the humidity control material layer is too thick, the basic strength characteristics and the like as a papermaking building material will be lowered. Therefore, it is preferable to set the thickness in a range necessary and sufficient to provide a humidity control function. The specific thickness of the humidity control layer varies depending on conditions such as the type of the humidity control material, but is preferably about 0.5 to 10 mm.
[Curing the laminate]
In the laminate in which the base material layer and the humidity control material layer are laminated, the papermaking building material is manufactured through the same process as the method for manufacturing a normal papermaking building material.
[0021]
The moisture conditioning material layer laminated on the moisture-containing substrate layer becomes moisture-containing to some extent by absorbing moisture on the substrate layer side. Are integrally joined. If a binder is mixed in the humidity control material layer, integration can be promoted or the integrity can be improved by the curing action of the binder.
By curing the laminate as it is, a hardening action of hydraulic cement or the like is exhibited, and a papermaking building material can be obtained. Curing can be promoted by heating as necessary in the curing process. Prior to curing, a drying step can be performed to remove excess moisture. A drying process is performed using a normal heat drying furnace.
[0022]
The laminate can be pressure molded before curing. In the pressure molding, a pressure of several tens kg / cm ² to several hundred kg / cm ² can be applied. By the pressure molding, integration of the base material layer and the humidity control material layer is promoted. Moreover, rapid dehydration can be achieved, a dense structure can be obtained, and molding into an accurate shape becomes possible. It is also possible to form complex shapes that are difficult to form by papermaking alone. A normal press molding apparatus is used for the pressure molding.
[0023]
As a laminate, in addition to the base material layer and humidity control material layer, if paper or non-woven fabric layers are laminated, the paper-making construction material in which the paper layer and the like are integrally joined in the pressure molding process or curing and curing process. Can be obtained.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for producing a papermaking building material.
A slurry raw material 12 in which raw materials such as cement and slag wool are dispersed and mixed in water is accommodated in the raw material tank 10.
One end of the papermaking conveyor 20 is disposed in the raw material tank 10. The papermaking conveyor 20 is made of a mesh material, and the papermaking conveyor 20 extends obliquely above the raw material tank 10 and further continues in the horizontal direction.
[0025]
When the papermaking conveyor 20 is operated, the slurry-like raw material 12 is scooped up on the upper surface of the papermaking conveyor 20, and the base material layer 14 is formed while being deposited in a layered manner. Since the paper making conveyor 20 has a water-permeable structure, moisture falls off from the slurry raw material 12.
A hopper 30 is disposed above the papermaking conveyor 20 that travels in the horizontal direction out of the raw material tank 10. The hopper 30 contains a mixture 32 (hereinafter abbreviated as the humidity control material 32) of a humidity control material such as pulverized coal and a binder. The humidity control material 32 is spread and deposited on the surface of the base material layer 14 that travels with the paper making conveyor 20.
[0026]
The particulate humidity control layer 34 deposited on the surface of the base material layer 14 absorbs the moisture of the base material layer 14 so that the particles are joined and integrated with each other at the same time. Bonded and integrated.
The laminate of the base material layer 14 and the humidity control material layer 34 obtained in this way is cut into fixed lengths, then sent to a press molding device, and quickly formed by pressure molding. It is dehydrated to obtain a compact with a precise shape.
[0027]
The formed body is cured through a normal drying process and a curing process, and a plate-shaped papermaking building material is obtained.
As shown in FIG. 2, the papermaking building material P has a structure in which a humidity control material layer 34 is integrally joined to the surface of the base material layer 14. At the boundary portion between the base material layer 14 and the humidity control material layer 34, the materials are partially mixed and are strongly integrally bonded.
[0028]
When the papermaking building material P is used, it may be constructed in the same manner as a normal papermaking construction material, but the humidity control material layer 34 of the papermaking construction material P is provided on the surface on which the humidity control function such as the indoor space of the building is to be exhibited. If it is constructed so as to be disposed, the humidity control function by the humidity control material layer 34 can be efficiently exhibited.
[Specific formulation of humidity control material 32]
Formulation Example 1:
Wakkanai Diatomite 70%
Polypropylene fiber 1.0%
Cement 29%
Formulation Example 2:
Wakkanai diatomaceous earth 50%
Polypropylene fiber 0.5%
Cement 49.5%
When the papermaking building material P was manufactured as in the above-described embodiment using the humidity control material 32 of Formulation Examples 1 and 2, the integrity of the humidity control material layer 34 and the base material layer 14 was excellent. The thing which was excellent also in humidity control performance was obtained.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
Since the humidity-controllable papermaking building material of the present invention forms the base material layer on the surface of the base material layer after making the base material layer with the slurry-like raw material not containing the humidity control material, During the papermaking process, problems caused by moisture-absorbing materials with high water absorption are eliminated. If a humidity control material layer is laminated on a base material layer containing a certain amount of moisture, the humidity control material layer absorbs moisture, and the humidity control material layer and the base material layer are joined and integrated. There is no need to carry out materials and processing steps. Since the humidity control layer can be disposed on the surface of the papermaking building material, the humidity control function of the humidity control material can be efficiently exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a papermaking apparatus representing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a papermaking building material.
10 Raw Material Tank 12 Slurry Raw Material 14 Base Material Layer 20 Papermaking Conveyor 30 Hopper 32 Humidity Conditioning Material 34 Humidity Conditioning Material Layer P Papermaking Building Material

Claims (8)

A method for producing a papermaking building material having humidity control properties by papermaking and curing a slurry-like raw material,
Forming a water-containing base material layer by making a slurry-like raw material in which a raw material not containing a humidity control material is dispersed in water ;
The papermaking to the surface of the base layer of hydrous state, forming a humidity control material layer a humidity material is deposited containing a binder,
Curing the laminate of the base material layer and the humidity control material layer;
A method for producing a humidity-controllable papermaking building material. Between the step of forming the humidity control material layer and the step of curing the laminate,
The manufacturing method of the humidity-controllable papermaking building material of Claim 1 including the process of pressure-molding the laminated body of the said base material layer and a humidity control material layer. The humidity conditioner is zeolite, sepiolite, charcoal, activated carbon, pulp sludge charcoal, ferrite charcoal, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, lithium chloride, sodium silicate, isobutylene maleic anhydride resin, polyacrylic acid resin, grafting Starch, glycerin, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, poval, CMC, polyethylene oxide, starch, attabargite, montmorillonite, zonotolite, activated clay, Wakkanai diatomite, silica gel, wood, pulp The method for producing a humidity-adjusting papermaking building material according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of: The manufacturing method of the humidity control papermaking material of Claim 3 with which the said humidity control material contains charcoal and a nonflammable humidity control material. The method for producing a humidity-controllable papermaking material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the humidity-controlling material is powdery having a particle size of 0.2 to 5 mm. The method for producing a humidity-controllable building material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the humidity-controlling material is a granulated product obtained by granulating one or more kinds of substances. The method for producing a humidity-adjusting papermaking material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the slurry-like raw material contains at least one selected from the group consisting of cement, clay, gypsum, a combination of fibers and an organic binder. A humidity control papermaking material obtained by the method according to claim 1,
A substrate layer formed by papermaking from a slurry-like raw material containing no humidity control material,
A humidity control material layer containing a humidity control material and a binder laminated on the surface of the base material layer ,
The humidity-controllable building material in which the base material layer and the humidity-controlling material layer are in a state in which a part of each other's material is mixed at the boundary portion .

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