JP2001264224A - Sampling container for toxic material in air - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sampling container for collecting toxic materials in the air, capable of easily analyzing the toxic materials in the air in a fixed space at a low cost, and analyzing it at many places in a short period. SOLUTION: A porous thin film 8 for controlling ventilation is mounted on an opening part of the container A in which chemical substance is stored, and the container is exposed for a prescribed time in a fixed space in a house, a factory or the like. The toxic materials contained in the air in the space is taken into the container, and thereafter reacted with a chemical substance or adsorbed on the chemical substance, to thereby collect the toxic materials.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sampling container for collecting harmful substances existing in air in a certain space provided in a house, a factory, or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, sick house syndrome occurring in newly built houses and the like has become a problem. This refers to symptoms of health hazards such as headache, nausea, and dizziness caused by chemicals generated from houses, etc., and is included in building materials as formaldehyde released from the adhesive used for plywood, adhesive solvent, etc. Toluene, xylene, etc. have become problems as related substances.

[0003] For this reason, the World Insurance Organization (WHO)
Guidance values are listed for hazardous substances that cause health damage. For example, 0.08 pp for formaldehyde
If it exceeds m, it will cause health damage.

[0004] Ethylene oxide is used at the stage of producing plastics in factories, etc., is used for synthetic reactions of derivatives of various organic compounds, is used as a raw material for detergents and as a fiber treatment agent, and is used in hospitals. These are used to disinfect parts and are not healthy.

[0005]

However, harmful substances in the indoor environment have a low concentration in the first place. High-precision gas chromatography may be used to measure low-concentration substances with high sensitivity.

However, since the indoor environment changes every moment, even if gas chromatography is carried in and measured, since it is the instantaneous concentration, it cannot be said that the degree of influence on the environment and the human body was accurately measured. . There is no point in taking measurements repeatedly over a 24-hour period and not averaging them. Such an operation is very troublesome in gas chromatography.

[0007] Further, in order to measure at many places simultaneously, gas chromatography must be provided at each measurement place, which is very difficult in practice.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and can easily, at low cost, and with sufficient accuracy analyze harmful substances in the air in a certain space such as a house space or a factory space. Moreover, an object of the present invention is to provide a sampling container for collecting harmful substances in the air, which can be analyzed and measured at many places at the same time.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a container for sampling harmful substances in air according to the present invention comprises a porous thin film for controlling ventilation to an opening of a container containing a chemical substance therein. After exposing the container to a certain space such as a house or a factory for a predetermined time, taking in the harmful substances contained in the air in the space into the container, and reacting with the chemical substance, or To collect harmful substances.

The chemical substance in the container is 2,4-
It may be dinitrophenylhydrazine, hydrobromic acid or carbon molecular sieve.

It is preferable that the pore diameter of the porous thin film is about 10 μm.

Further, it is desirable to attach a clip to the container for attaching and detaching it to clothes.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a container for analysis. This container A is for collecting harmful substances in the air, has a size and shape of a diameter badge, and is a short cylindrical cylindrical container A body 1 having a diameter of about 42 mm and a height of 12 mm. And a screen 2 arranged to fit inside the container A body 1, a ring 3 arranged on the screen 2, and a filter member 4 covering an opening of the container A body 1. .

A chemical substance 5 for taking in harmful substances in the air in a stable state is accommodated in the container A main body 1, and the bottom is extended outward, and a clip 7 is fixed to the extension 6. Have been. The clip 7 is used when worn on clothes or the like.

The screen 2 is a member for confining the chemical substance, and is formed so as to be finer than the chemical substance.

The ring 3 is a reinforcing means for preventing the opening of the container A main body 1 and the screen 3 from being deformed.

The filter member 4 has a porous thin film 8 made of Teflon (registered trademark) stretched inside an annular frame 4a. The thin film has very small holes and a diameter of about 1 mm.
It is about 0 μm. The filter member 4 is fitted and mounted on the container A main body 1.

The reason why the porous thin film 8 is used is to prevent water vapor in the air from entering the inside of the container A indefinitely and to control so that a certain amount of gas flows. If not controlled, it is not possible to know how fast the air inside the container A reacts, and the collection amount of harmful substances is affected. By using the porous thin film 8,
The collection amount of harmful substances can be controlled to be within the dynamic range.

The amount of air taken into the container A can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the film, the size of the pores, and the number of the pores.

Next, when sampling harmful chemical substances in the air by the container A, the container A is exposed to a certain space such as a house or a factory for a predetermined time, and is contained in the air in the space. Harmful substances are taken into container A and collected by reacting with or adsorbing to the chemicals. A specific example will be described below.

When collecting formaldehyde contained in air in a certain space such as a house, two or four
Dinitrophenylhydrazine (2,4-dinitropheny
lhydrazin) is stored in the form of granules with a large surface area. What is indicated by reference numeral 5 in FIG. 1 is this 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.

If formaldehyde is contained in the air, the formaldehyde enters the container A from the porous thin film 8 and reacts with 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazine to form 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazone.

Next, when toluene and xylene are collected in the container A, the carbon molecular sieve (carb
on molecular sieve). The carbon molecular sieve is obtained by thermally decomposing a certain kind of synthetic resin and carbonizing the polymer in a entangled state, and is used, for example, when collecting specific molecules by controlling voids between the molecules. In this case, pores are formed such that toluene and xylene can be adsorbed.

Both toluene and xylene are easily adsorbed on the carbon molecular sieve. However, since toluene and xylene have different peaks when applied to the analyzer,
There is no problem in the analysis.

The reason why the above-mentioned carbon molecular sieve is used for sampling toluene and xylene is that the surface area per gram is very large, high purity, and it is difficult to absorb water vapor. Water vapor limits the capacity of adsorbents for vapors such as toluene and xylene.

Next, ethylene oxide (ethylen oxide)
When collecting bromide, add hydrobromic acid (hydro bron
ic acid). When ethylene oxide in the air is taken into the container A and reacts with hydrobromic acid, stable 2-bromoethanol is generated.

When analyzing harmful substances in the air using the container A, the container A is first attached to clothes using the clip 7 and lives in a space to be surveyed, such as a house or a factory, for a predetermined time. . Take it off when you take a bath or go to bed,
It is preferable to keep it near your hand. Exposure time may be 8 hours, 16 hours, 24 hours, etc., but it is convenient to install and remove container A at the same time.
Usually 24 hours is good. When the container A is attached to clothes like a badge and sampling is performed, the wearer is exposed to the radiation, and a highly reliable numerical value can be obtained. However, the container A does not necessarily need to be worn on a person. It may be a method of standing still in a space at a height enough to breathe. Since the harmful substances contained in the air in the space are taken into the container A, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the container A may be transported to a place where the analyzer is located, and then analyzed by the analyzer.

The derivative of formaldehyde, 2,4 dinitrophenylhydrazone, is very stable and has excellent sensitivity at the time of analysis, so that it has high sensitivity to liquid chromatography (high performance liquid cromatogra).
phy). According to this,
It is possible to measure up to a concentration of about 0.02 to 0.2 ppm. As described above, the analysis can be performed with higher accuracy than the analysis of formaldehyde that does not use a chemical reaction.

The analysis of toluene and xylene from the level of about 0.02 ppm to higher concentrations is possible.

Ethylene dibromide can be analyzed by gas chromatography using a highly sensitive electron detector.

As described above, the concentration of harmful substances existing in the space to be measured is low, and the badge-shaped container is not highly accurate. By applying it to a measuring device, a numerical value of an accuracy sufficiently endurable in practical use can be obtained. In addition, the concentration of harmful substances present in the space to be measured must be measured not for the instantaneous concentration but for the average concentration over a long period of time. Therefore, by measuring this, an average concentration can be obtained. Therefore, according to the sampling container,
This makes it possible to both measure low concentrations with high sensitivity and to measure long-term average concentrations.

Further, according to the sampling container,
Since no energy such as electric power is used and there are no moving parts, maintenance is unnecessary and handling is easy.

Since the harmful substances taken into the container are stable, they can be measured with sufficient accuracy for practical use, and it may take time from collection to analysis. Therefore, analysis can be performed even in a remote place.

Further, since the container itself is small, it can be measured in any number of rooms at the same time, can be easily transported, and can be carried to a remote place for measurement.

Furthermore, harmful substances may be collected by installing a large number of containers in many places, and the harmful substances may be collectively measured by a single analytical measuring device, so that the measurement can be performed at low cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a container.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of a container.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a container.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A container 8 Porous thin film

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A porous thin film for controlling ventilation is attached to an opening of a container containing a chemical substance therein, and the container is exposed to a certain space such as a house or a factory for a predetermined period of time. A harmful substance in the air, wherein the harmful substance contained in the container is taken into the container and then reacted with the chemical substance or absorbed by the chemical substance to collect the harmful substance. 2. The container for sampling harmful substances in air according to claim 1, wherein the chemical substance in the container is 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. 3. The container for sampling harmful substances in air according to claim 1, wherein the chemical substance in the container is hydrobromic acid. 4. The container for sampling harmful substances in air according to claim 1, wherein the chemical substance in the container is a carbon molecular sieve. 5. The container for sampling harmful substances in air according to claim 1, wherein the pores of the porous thin film have a diameter of about 10 μm. 6. The container for sampling harmful substances in air according to claim 1, wherein a clip for attaching to and detaching from clothes is attached to the container.