JP2001263757A - Air-conditioning device and air-conditioning method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify control by minimizing the number of sensors and rationalize harmony between an indoor temperature and humidity. SOLUTION: An indoor wall surface temperature Tiwall is computed from a temperature Ti on the indoor side and a temperature To on the outdoor side only by an outdoor temperature sensor 7 to measure the temperature To on the outdoor side and a humidity sensor 6 to measure humidity Ts on the indoor side. By comparing a magnitude relation between a dew point temperature determined by the temperature Ti on the indoor side and the humidity Ts on the indoor side and the indoor wall surface temperature Tiwall, dehumidifying operation, cooling operation, and ventilation operation are switched and harmony between a temperature and humidity is properly controlled by a dew- point temperature basis.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner and an air conditioner, and more particularly to an air conditioner in which room temperature and humidity are conditioned from measured temperature and humidity.
And an air conditioning method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rooms are required to provide comfort in which humidity and temperature are appropriately adjusted in a correlated manner. Furthermore, it is required that dew condensation does not occur on floors and walls, and that generation of mold and ticks is prevented. Heating / cooling and dehumidification are performed for air conditioning. In order to reduce power consumption for operation of a heating / cooling device and a dehumidifier, an air conditioner is configured by effectively using outside air and also using a ventilation device. Such an air conditioner
This is known from JP-A-62-169953.

[0003] As shown in this prior art, the conventional air conditioning technology uses a basement space 101 as shown in FIG.
Is installed on the basement wall 102 that forms The air conditioner includes an air conditioner 103 having a dehumidifying function, a temperature sensor 106, and a humidity sensor 107. The temperature sensor 106 is an indoor temperature sensor 106-
1, indoor side wall surface temperature sensor 106-2, indoor side floor surface temperature sensor 106-3, and outdoor temperature sensor 106-
4. The humidity sensor 107 includes an indoor humidity sensor 107-1 that measures indoor relative humidity,
Outdoor humidity sensor 107-2 for measuring the relative humidity of the outside air
And is formed from Further, the intake device 104 and the exhaust device 1
05 is formed.

In a basement, the relative humidity is usually higher than that of the outside air, and if the basement is for living, fresh outside air must be introduced, and dew condensation easily occurs on floors and walls in the basement. In the prior art, the absolute humidity in the basement and the dew point temperature corresponding to the absolute humidity are calculated based on the measured values of the indoor temperature sensor 106-1 and the indoor humidity sensor 107-1, and the indoor floor temperature is calculated. If one of the two temperatures measured by the sensor 106-3 or the indoor side wall surface temperature sensor 106-2 is equal to or lower than the dew point temperature, the air conditioner 10
3 for a certain period of time to reduce the absolute humidity of the basement space 101, and when the temperature of the floor surface and the wall surface is higher than the dew point temperature, the indoor relative humidity is higher than a predetermined value and the absolute humidity of the outside air Is lower than the absolute humidity of the room, the ventilators 104 and 105 are operated to introduce low-humidity outside air into the basement space 101, and at the same time, discharge high-humidity room air to the outside to reduce the absolute humidity of the outside air. Is higher than the indoor absolute humidity, the air conditioner 103 is operated for dehumidification. As described above, the humidity of the basement space 101 is controlled by using the outside air as effectively as possible. After the humidity condition is satisfied, temperature control is performed.

[0005] As described above, in a basement where the humidity environment is more severe than that of a building on the ground, humidity and temperature control for keeping the living environment comfortable by preventing dew condensation on the floor and walls is required. It is necessary to arrange many temperature and humidity sensors.
When the temperature distribution on the floor surface, wall surface, and ceiling surface is large, the known technology requires more sensors and further complicates the control. Above the ground, less strict humidity control is required than in basements. It is desired that temperature and humidity control be performed more appropriately on the ground and underground with as few sensors as possible. In particular, it is desired to simplify the control by minimizing the number of sensors.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner and an air conditioner which can simplify control by minimizing the number of sensors.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner and an air conditioner that can sufficiently optimize the temperature and humidity in a room with a smaller number of sensors.

[0007]

Means for solving the problem are described as follows. The technical items appearing in the expression are appended with numbers, symbols, and the like in parentheses (). The numbers, symbols, and the like are technical items that constitute at least one embodiment or a plurality of the embodiments of the present invention, in particular, the embodiments or the examples. Corresponds to the reference numerals, reference symbols, and the like assigned to the technical matters expressed in the drawings corresponding to the above. Such reference numbers and reference symbols clarify the correspondence and bridging between the technical matters described in the claims and the technical matters of the embodiments or examples. Such correspondence / bridge does not mean that the technical matters described in the claims are interpreted as being limited to the technical matters of the embodiments or the examples.

[0008] the air conditioner according to the present invention, measures the indoor temperature sensor for measuring the indoor temperature T _i (5), the outdoor temperature sensor for measuring the outdoor temperature T _o (7), the indoor humidity T _s Humidity sensor (6) and the indoor temperature T _i
Outdoor temperature T _o and the arithmetic unit for calculating the indoor wall surface temperature T _Iwall from a (not shown), an indoor side temperature T _i and the indoor-side humidity T _s dew point temperature and the indoor wall surface temperature obtained from T and
a comparator (not shown) for comparing the magnitude relationship with _iwall , an air conditioner (not shown), and a control device (8)
And a ventilation device (9) for exchanging air between the inside and outside of the room. The control device (8) includes a dehumidifying operation of the air conditioner, a cooling operation of the air conditioner, and a ventilation device (9) based on the magnitude relation described above. Switch between the ventilation operation.

[0009] The dew point temperature from the indoor side temperature _{T i} and the indoor side humidity _{T s} is obtained, from the indoor side temperature _{T i} and the outdoor temperature _{T o} an indoor wall surface temperature _{T iwall} are required. If the indoor wall surface temperature T _iwall is known, occurrence of dew condensation on the indoor wall surface is reliably predicted, and dehumidification and ventilation are performed so that dew does not occur. This eliminates the need to measure the outdoor humidity and the indoor wall temperature. However, measurement of the outdoor humidity and the indoor wall surface temperature for reference is not necessarily denied.
With the control based on the dew point, harmony between room humidity and temperature can be ensured. Such control can be performed without acknowledging the room temperature. Room temperature control can be performed independently of harmonic control. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the dehumidifying operation of the air conditioner, the cooling operation of the air conditioner, and the ventilation operation of the ventilator are switched based on the magnitude relationship between the indoor temperature and the set temperature.

[0010] In the air conditioning method according to the present invention, the indoor temperature
T_iMeasuring the outdoor temperature T _oMeasuring the
Indoor humidity T_iMeasuring the indoor temperature T_iAnd outdoor
Side temperature T_oAnd the indoor wall temperature T_iwallWill be described later
Calculating from the equations (1) and (4)
Degree T_iAnd indoor humidity T_sAnd the dew point temperature obtained from
Wall temperature T_iwallCompare the magnitude relationship with
Dehumidifying operation, cooling operation, and ventilation operation based on the magnitude relation of
And switching.

More specifically, if T _iwall > dew point temperature and T _i > set value, a cooling operation is performed, and T _iwall > not the dew point temperature and T _i >
If it is the set value, the dehumidifying operation is executed and T
_If not _iwall > dew point temperature and T _i > not its set value, ventilation operation is performed. If T _iwall > dew point temperature and T _i > not set value, the dehumidifying operation and the ventilation operation will be stopped. It is preferable that the dehumidification operation is executed when a predetermined time has elapsed after the execution of the ventilation operation.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In accordance with the drawings, in an embodiment of the air conditioner according to the present invention, an outdoor unit is provided together with an indoor unit inside and outside a wall forming an indoor space. The indoor unit 1 is fixedly installed on the wall 2 inside the wall 2. The outdoor unit 3 is fixedly installed on the wall 2 outside the wall 2. The indoor unit 1 and the outdoor unit 3 are connected by a pipe 4 penetrating the wall 2.

Inside the housing of the indoor unit 1, an indoor temperature sensor 5 and an indoor humidity sensor 6 are arranged.
An outdoor temperature sensor 7 is arranged inside the housing of the outdoor unit 3. The indoor unit 1 is provided with a control device 8. The ventilation device 9 is provided as a unit in the indoor unit 1 and has both functions of intake and exhaust. The indoor temperature sensor 5, the indoor humidity sensor 6, and the outdoor temperature sensor 7 are connected to the control device 8, respectively.

The indoor temperature signal output by the indoor temperature sensor 5, the indoor humidity signal output by the indoor humidity sensor 6, and the outdoor temperature signal output by the outdoor temperature sensor 7 are input to the control device 8. . The control device 8 includes an arithmetic circuit (not shown) that performs an arithmetic operation described later based on the indoor temperature signal, the indoor humidity signal, and the outdoor temperature signal,
An execution circuit (not shown) for executing a control process shown in an operation flow described later is provided.

The indoor temperature indoor side temperature sensor 5 measures is represented by T _i, indoor humidity indoor humidity sensor 6 measures is represented by T _s, outdoor temperature outdoor temperature sensor 7 measures It is indicated by _{T o.} Dew point temperature from the indoor side temperature T _i and the indoor-side humidity T _s is calculated from known formulas.
The calculation formula for that is input to the arithmetic circuit of the control device 8.

The temperature of the walls 2 from the indoor side temperature T _i and the indoor-side humidity T _s can be calculated. As shown in FIG. 2, when the indoor side temperature T _i is lower than the outdoor temperature T _o, outdoor temperature T _o is wall external surface temperature T _Owall on wall outer surface temperature decreases as close to the inner surface of the wall 2 , Indoor temperature _Ti is wall 2
The temperature rises near the outer surface of the wall and the wall inner surface temperature T _iwall on the wall inner surface.

The heat flow rate q (J / m ² ) is the indoor temperature T _i.
It is calculated using the following expression by the outdoor side temperature T _o and.

(Equation 2)

(Equation 3) Q: Heat passing rate (J / m ² ) S: Wall area (m ² ) K: Heat passing rate (J / m ² ° C) α _o : Thermal conductivity between outdoor air and wall face (J / m)
² ° C.) α _i : thermal conductivity (J / m) between indoor air and wall surface
² ° C) d: wall thickness (m) λ: wall thermal conductivity (J / m ° C)

In a memory associated with the arithmetic circuit of the control device 8,
Has been entered. Outdoor heat transfer coefficient α _o, Indoor heat transfer coefficient
α_i, Wall thickness d and wall thermal conductivity λ are based on
Are measured and known for each material, and these
The knowledge is input to the memory associated with the arithmetic circuit of the control device 8.
Have been. The heat transmission rate K is calculated by the equation based on the known quantity.
Calculated from (2), as shown in the right column of Table 1 in FIG.
The calculated amount is calculated by the arithmetic circuit of the control device 8.
It has been entered into the associated memory.

[0019] Thus the heat transfer coefficient K which is a known are used, heat flux q is calculated in real time by calculation by Equation (1) based on measurements T _o and T _i. The heat flow velocity q is determined by the wall inner surface temperature T _iwall and the indoor temperature T _i.
From this, it is expressed by the following equation.

(Equation 4) Equation (3) is transformed into the following equation.

(Equation 5)As described above, the heat flow rate q and the indoor heat transfer coefficient α_iIs known
Yes, indoor temperature T_iIs measured by the indoor temperature sensor 5.
Since the measured values are fixed, the wall inner surface temperature T
_iwallCan be calculated by equation (4). in this way
Calculated wall inner surface temperature T _iwallIs calculated as described above.
By comparing the measured dew point temperature with that shown in FIG.
Air conditioning control by an operation flow can be performed.

[0020] In step S1, the indoor temperature _{T i} is the measured value and the outdoor temperature _{T o} and the indoor-side humidity _{T s} is input to the control unit 8. As described above, in step S2, the dew point temperature is calculated from the indoor side temperature T _i and the indoor-side humidity T _s,
Indoor temperature T _i and the outdoor side temperature T _o wall from the inner surface temperature T
_iwall is calculated.

[0021] When the wall inner surface temperature _{T Iwall} is higher than the dew point temperature (step S3), and when indoor temperature _{T i} is higher than the set temperature (step S4), and since there is no risk of condensation, the air conditioner performs a cooling operation (Step S5) When the indoor temperature _Ti is not higher than the set temperature, the air conditioner and the exhaust device are stopped (Step S6), and the process returns to Step S1. In step S4, if continued state indoor temperature T _i is not higher than the set temperature, eventually the wall inner surface temperature T _Iwall in step S3 is lower than the dew point temperature, the step S
Move to 7.

In step S7 in the dew condensation state, if the wall inner surface temperature T _iwall is higher than the set value, the air conditioner first performs a dehumidifying operation. If the dehumidification operation is sufficient for the dehumidification, steps S3 to S4
Alternatively, the process proceeds to step S6, in a case where the indoor temperature is high, the cooling operation is started, and then the indoor temperature decreases, and the dew condensation occurs due to the decrease in the indoor temperature, and when the indoor temperature is lower than the set value (step S6). S7), the ventilator 9 starts operating in step S9. While the operation continuation time of the ventilator 9 does not exceed the predetermined time, Step S7 and Step S9
The operation with is continued. When the predetermined time has elapsed, the dehumidifying operation is started in step S8.

On the basis of the magnitude relation between the temperature of the inner wall surface where dew condensation occurs and the dew point temperature and the magnitude relation between the room temperature and the set value, the stoppage of the air conditioning / ventilation apparatus, the cooling operation, the dehumidification operation, and the ventilation apparatus The operation state of the four patterns of operation is switched,
An appropriate relationship between room temperature and humidity is maintained so as to suppress the occurrence of condensation. According to such control, the operation of the ventilation device is effectively incorporated, the dehumidification operation of the air conditioner is reduced, and the reduced amount is energy-saving, thereby preventing dew condensation in the room and occurrence of mold and mite. Can be. Further, a sensor for measuring the inner wall surface temperature and the outdoor humidity is not required, and the reliability of the control system is improved.

[0024]

According to the air conditioner and the air conditioner method of the present invention, the temperature and humidity are adjusted by ventilation and cooling so that dew does not occur due to the magnitude relationship between the dew point temperature and the wall inner surface temperature obtained by calculation. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of dew condensation with simple control. Additionally, the number of sensors can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a temperature gradient.

FIG. 3 is a table showing a relationship between a heat transmittance, wall specifications, and materials.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation flow of the air conditioning method according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a known device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 ... Indoor temperature sensor 6 ... Humidity sensor 7 ... Outdoor temperature sensor 8 ... Control device 9 ... Ventilation device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A and the indoor temperature sensor for measuring the indoor temperature T _i, and the outdoor temperature sensor for measuring the outdoor temperature T _o, and humidity sensors that measure indoor humidity T _s, and the indoor side temperature T _i an arithmetic unit from said chamber outer temperature _{T o} computing the indoor wall surface temperature _{T iwall,} the indoor side temperature _{T i} and the dew point temperature obtained from said indoor humidity _{T s} and a magnitude relation between the indoor wall surface temperature _{T Iwall} A comparator for comparing, an air conditioner, a control device, and a ventilator for exchanging indoor and outdoor air, wherein the control device is configured to perform a dehumidifying operation of the air conditioner and a cooling operation of the air conditioner based on the magnitude relationship. An air conditioner that switches between operation and ventilation operation of the ventilation device. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the control device further based on said interior side temperature T _i and the set temperature magnitude relation, the air conditioning system switches between the ventilation operation and the cooling operation and the dehumidifying operation. 3. Measuring the indoor temperature T _i , measuring the outdoor temperature To, measuring the indoor humidity T _i, and measuring the indoor temperature T _i and the outdoor temperature T _o. The wall surface temperature T _iwall is _calculated by the following simultaneous equation: Be computed by, comparing the magnitude relation of the indoor temperature T _i and the dew point temperature obtained from said indoor humidity T _s and the indoor wall surface temperature T _Iwall, on the basis of the magnitude relation, the dehumidifying operation and cooling An air conditioning method including switching between operation and ventilation operation. 4. The method of claim 3, a _{T iwall>} the dew point temperature, and, if _{T i>} set value, the cooling operation is performed, rather than _{T iwall>} the dew point temperature, and, _{T i} > If the set value, the dehumidifying operation is executed, and if not T _iwall > the dew point temperature and T _i > not the set value, the ventilation operation is executed. 5. The air conditioning method according to claim 4, wherein the dehumidification operation and the ventilation operation are stopped if T _iwall > the dew point temperature and T _i > the set value. 6. The air conditioning method according to claim 5, wherein the dehumidifying operation is executed when a predetermined time has elapsed after the execution of the ventilation operation.