AT513405A1 - Combined dehumidifier & fan air heater - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to reduce energy consumption, a compact device is proposed for efficient dehumidification and ventilation, whereby in the first mode of operation dehumidifying is done by means of outside air whose absolute humidity is lower than the absolute inside air humidity. In this case, air resistance of the refrigerant circuit (1) by means of flap (6) are bypassed. There is a minimum ventilation even at high Außenluftfeuchte.In the second mode is dehumidified by means of refrigerant circuit (1) in the recirculation mode and the outside air supply with flap (5) geschlossen.Weiters an external split evaporator (16) can be provided with controllable fan and allows more Operating modes.In the third operating mode, the outside air used for dehumidifying and ventilating is preheated in winter with the help of the refrigeration circuit (1), whereby heat is recovered from the exhaust air with the split evaporator (16). In the fourth operating mode, the refrigeration circuit (1 ) with the split evaporator (16) with open outside air damper (18) as a heat pump and there is a space heating in the recirculation mode, whereby a minimum ventilation takes place.

Description

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Combined dehumidifier & Fan - Air Heater 1.0 Problem, existing solutions: 1.1 Too high humidity in living - storage and boar rooms leads to moisture penetration, fungus and mold growth on stored goods as well as the building fabric, and thus to depreciation up to the uselessness. Also, human health and well-being are negatively affected. 1 2 These problems are often caused or exacerbated by insufficient or incorrect ventilation. Permanent ventilation in turn usually causes high operating costs and cooling. 1.3 Remedy often recirculation - dehumidifiers according to the condensation principle. The room air is cooled in the evaporator of a heat pump cycle to below the dew point and thereby loses water. The extracted heat + engine heat is added in the condenser of the cooled room air. 1.4 However, these devices have a high energy consumption, do not cause air exchange, and poorly maintained filters often have a negative impact on indoor hygiene. 1.5 It is possible to avoid a large part of these problems by proper ventilation, i. Room humidity and air quality to be kept within acceptable limits. 1.6 A drying effect always occurs when only the air is released when the absolute water vapor content (g / m3) or the dew point (° C) of the outside air is lower than in the room air. In the remaining time, the rooms must be kept close to the outside air both on site and on the installation side. 1.7 In recent years, special controllers have been developed for this, with which devices such as fans, flaps, cooling and heating devices can be controlled.

Patent owner: Dr.-Ing. Arnold Gerd EP1 102 014A2 ELV - Elektronik AG, D 26787 Leer www.elv.at Drytec Solar, D 81241 Munich Germany www.drytec.org Pflüger Bautechnik, D 85080 Gaimersheim Germany www.robertpflueger.com 1.8 Due to the high demand for control and equipment, and associated high investment costs, this problem solution remained largely unknown, especially in the small building and housing sector. 1.9 The aim of the development was therefore to create a compact device with control and regulation that meets all requirements for good indoor climate, efficient dehumidification, ventilation with heat recovery, air quality improvement and optionally also energy-saving air heating, ie: - dehumidification by outside air as far as possible, - Use of an automatic dehumidifier only at max. - Limit exceeded, - Minimum ventilation in the best possible time window. - Optional use of the cooling circuit for heat recovery in ventilation mode, as well as for room heating as air-to-air heat pump.

The device can also be efficiently used for retrofitting in the rehabilitation area. 1.9

-3- • ············································································································································································································· 4: AUL = outside air, UML = circulating air (room air), ZUL = supply air, FOL = exhaust air 1) Cooling circuit with compressor, condenser, expansion valve, evaporator 2) Water tank, with hose connection or lifting pump for continuous operation. 3) Speed-controlled high-performance radial fan with A-class motor 4) Air filter, filter class as per requirement 5) AUL / UML slide or damper with servomotor 7) 6) ZUL / refrigeration circuit spool or damper with servomotor 7) 8) Control box with regulator and Safety devices 9) Temperature / humidity sensor as room and surface sensor 10) Weather station for external values 11) Air quality sensor 12) ZUL outlet on the device or externally 13) AUL intake with variants 14) External FOL flap, automatic or automatic

15) Reversing valve in the refrigerant circuit for heat recovery from the FOL 16) Split evaporator with controllable A - class blower and filter 17) FOL flap with positioning motor 18) AUL flap with positioning motor 3.0 Function: 3.1 Operating mode 1: Dehumidification with AUL - BI .1 3.1.1 Controller 8: outdoor sensor 10) and indoor sensor 9) determine the absolute humidity in g / m3, depending on the measured temperature and relative humidity. Is the abs. Humidity of the AUL by an adjustable difference (for example 1g / m3) lower than the abs. Humidity of the inside air, the fan 3) is switched on, slide 5) set to AUL mode and slide 6) to ZUL mode, and the FOL flap 14) is opened. (BI.1) 3.1.2 The air resistances of the refrigeration circuit are bypassed to save fan power, but also to increase the amount of air when needed. The ZUL outlet can take place directly on the device or via a distribution system. 3.1.3 If the min. Humidity difference is undercut, the system switches off. - It is then pay attention to tightness of the rooms and the system opposite the AUL. 3.1.4 Intermittent operation is cheaper than continuous operation as it reduces cooling during cold weather and lowers operating costs. On a timer, the intervals can be set individually. For example, 15min runtime and 30min break time. 3.1.5 If the temperature drops below an adjustable min. Room temperature, the system switches off, eg. 10 ° C in cellars. To ensure that this minimum temperature is not reached, the cold night time can be blocked by means of a "winter time switch operation", since in winter the absolute AUL humidity is almost always lower than the abs during the day. Room humidity lies. 3.1.6 Similarly, if the system falls below an adjustable minimum outside temperature, e.g. -10 ° C are switched off. 3.1.7 When falling below an adjustable min. Room humidity, e.g. 40%, the device continues to operate in the minimum ventilation mode. 3.1.8 If, due to a high humidity in the summer, a minimum ventilation is not given due to a high humidity in the summer, the control ensures self-learning and optimizing a minimum ventilation in the best possible time by optimizing the humidity from the past days and the humidity of the current day Calculated time. The duration of this minimum ventilation is optimized by the air quality sensor 11). - Control of the CO 2 content of the room air. 2/9 'Y - • · ^ ······················································································································ • 3.2 Operating mode 2: Dehumidification with refrigeration circuit - BI.2 3.2.1 If the relative humidity of the room exceeds an adjustable maximum value due to such a period of soiling, eg 70%, the room dehumidification is started by means of a refrigerant circuit in recirculation mode. Slide 5) AUL- closed, slide 6) ZUL- closed, cooling circuit open. 3.2.2 Function of the refrigeration circuit as with normal domestic dehumidifiers. Condensate drainage in tank 2) with manual draining, or via hose connection or own lifting pump. 3.2.3 If, however, the absolute AUL humidity falls below the room humidity in this operating mode, the unit switches back to 3.1 Dehumidification with AUL! Priority for environmental energy 3.3 Operating mode 3: AUL operation (ventilation) with heat recovery - Bl.3 3.3.1 Ventilation with heat recovery from the FOL prevents room cooling in winter, the drying effect increases, as does energy efficiency. 3.3.2 If the AUL temperature is the min. 15 ° C, the heat recovery is switched on as follows: 3.3.3 Engine door 17) FOL is open, engine door 18) AUL is closed, the variable speed fan 16) is running. 3.3.4 The refrigeration cycle starts up and is switched by the changeover valve 15) to the external split evaporator 16). The heat extracted from the FOL is fed to the condenser in the ZUL. 3.4 Operating mode 4: Minimum ventilation and room heating - BI.4 3.4.1 Here, a minimum room ventilation as in Pt. 3.1.8 described continued. In the rest of the time, the unit operates as a room-temperature-controlled air-to-air heat pump with the AUL heat source in UML mode. 3.4.2 Engine door 17) FOL is closed, engine door 18) AUL is open.

To increase the indoor air quality, the unit can also be permanently operated with mixed air, ie a permanent AUL component. Here are the flaps 5) 17) and 18) ever controlled to an intermediate position. For example, AUL share 25%! 3.4.3 The speed-controlled fan 16) runs, the refrigerant circuit is put into operation and is switched by the change-over valve 15) to the external split-evaporator 16), and the heat thus extracted is fed to the condenser in the ZUL. In evaporator icing the defrost is done by a hot gas automatic in the refrigerant circuit. 3.4.4 Depending on the outside temperature, the performance figures range from 2 at -10 ° C to 5 at 20 ° C. 3.9

Claims (1)

-s ·· »··· Description * ·· * for combination humidifier & Ventilation fan 4.0 Claims: 4.1 Control unit for the efficient use of the combi compact unit. Self-learning control to determine the optimal ventilation time, e.g. in low-humidity periods without drying effect by the AUL, whereby the air flow rate through the air quality sensor 11) is optimized. Additional self - learning and individual setting possibilities of the following parameters, which increase the drying effect by air exchange with drier AUL: * switch - on and switch - off humidity difference, possible switch off and on when limit and setpoint values for temperature, humidity and air quality are reached, * Optimized, Climate adapted ventilation - time operation, eg prevents rapid room cooling. 4.2 Compact unit for efficient dehumidification, ventilation, improvement of air quality and room climate and optionally also for energy saving HP air heating, with substantial operating and investment cost savings. The savings result from the combination of otherwise separate components, as well as from the evasion of internal air resistance: * An efficient fan replaces 2 normal fans: one for the dehumidifier and one for the room ventilation * A high quality filter with filter class of choice replaces 2 commercially available coarse filters for Room ventilation and dehumidifier * The considerable reduction in air resistance results from the simple bypassing of evaporator and condenser in AUL operation. - These internal device resistors for heaters, coolers and heat exchangers are essential in normal central ventilation and domestic ventilation systems. - The exception is the summer bypass for the ABL for heat recovery. 4.3 Multiple use of the refrigeration circuit for a) Dehumidification b) Heat recovery from the FOL c) Air-to-air heat pump with heat source AUL This is done in a simple way through the split evaporator system 16) and the engine flaps 17) and 18). 4/9 »- £ > - »