JP2001254373A - Basement caisson constructing method, caisson for basement, and caisson guiding member - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a basement caisson constructing method which can prevent horizontal movement of a caisson when the caisson is settled in the ground, and to provide the caisson for a basement, and a caisson guiding member for use in the method. SOLUTION: The basement caisson constructing method is carried out by setting a lower portion or the entire of the caisson 1 forming a peripheral wall skeleton of the basement, on a plot for constructing the basement, and excavating the ground below the caisson 1 in a required range. According to the method, a vertical peripheral surface 8 is formed beforehand over a predetermined height from a lower edge of the caisson 1, and the peripheral surface 8 of the caisson 1 is received by the guide member 13 arranged in the plot for constructing the basement. As a result, the caisson 1 is settled in the ground while the horizontal movement of the caisson 1 is restrained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a basement submersion method,
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a caisson and a caisson guide member, and more particularly, to a caisson and a caisson and a caisson guide member capable of preventing horizontal movement of a caisson when sinking the caisson into the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a basement is excavated deeper than a basement and a deep hole is formed.
The outer wall of the reinforced concrete basement is formed by assembling a formwork on the basement of the basement, and then the soil is buried outside the outer wall of the basement (hereinafter referred to as a conventional method). I have.

When excavating a hole, a steel sheet pile is built around the hole to secure the safety of foundation work and formwork work in the hole. Earth retaining is carried out using a mechanic.

In this conventional construction method, since the construction period is long and the construction cost is high, the lower part or the whole of the caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement is installed on the basement construction ground, and then the ground at the bottom of the caisson is excavated. A basement submersion method has been proposed in which the lower part or the entirety of the caisson is submerged in the excavation hole formed by the above operation.

For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-82061, a lower frame having a flange on the outer periphery is assembled as a disposal mold on the ground for the construction of a basement, and the lowermost inner panel and the outer panel are disposed as a disposal mold on the lower frame. After setting up the caisson at the bottom of the caisson, place the reinforcing bar at the bottom of the caisson between the inner and outer panels. A basement submersion method is described in which the inner and outer panels of the second stage as a discarded mold are formed, and then the bottom of the caisson is excavated and the lower part of the caisson is settled.

In this conventional basement submersible construction method, furthermore, after adding the inner and outer panels of the third or higher stage of the caisson, wall reinforcing bars are arranged between the inner and outer panels of the second or higher stage.
Casting concrete to complete the caisson, then
The bottom of the caisson is further excavated to sink the entire caisson to a predetermined depth.

The inventor of the present invention, though not known, assembles the lower frame, the inner and outer panels, and the wall rebar as a discard type on the ground for the construction of a basement, and places concrete between the inner and outer panels to form a caisson. After completing the whole, the ground at the bottom of the caisson is excavated and the entire caisson is submerged to a predetermined depth.

[0008]

The above-described conventional basement submersible construction method and the previously-unknown basement submersible construction method according to the prior application of the present inventor can construct a basement in a short period of time and at low cost as compared with the conventional construction method. However, when these subterranean submergence methods are actually implemented, the caisson moves horizontally during subsidence,
It has been found that there is a technical problem that the horizontal movement may cause an inclination.

In view of such circumstances, the first method of submerging a basement according to the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as the first invention method).
An object of the present invention is to solve such a technical problem and to provide a basement submersion method capable of preventing a caisson from moving horizontally during subsidence.

Further, a first caisson according to the present invention has an object to provide a caisson that can carry out the first invention method.

Further, the caisson guide member according to the present invention is
An object of the present invention is to provide a caisson guide member capable of implementing the first invention method.

Further, the second basement submersion method according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the "second invention method") provides a basement submersion method capable of preventing a caisson submerged in the ground from moving horizontally. The purpose is to:

In addition, a second caisson according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the second caisson of the present invention) aims to provide a caisson that can carry out the method of the second invention.

[0014]

According to the first method of the present invention, the lower part or the entirety of the caisson constituting the outer wall of the basement is installed on the ground for the construction of the basement, and the ground below the caisson is spread over a required range. In the basement submersion method of excavating and sinking the caisson, the following technical means are employed to achieve the above object.

That is, a vertical outer peripheral surface is formed in advance from the lower edge of the caisson over a predetermined height, and the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is received by a guide member provided on the ground of the basement construction site. Characterized by sinking the caisson while restraining horizontal movement,
It adopts the technical means of:

According to this, since the outer peripheral surface of the sinking caisson is received by the guide member provided on the ground,
Since the horizontal movement is restrained, the caisson can be prevented from moving horizontally while the caisson is lowered from the lower edge to a predetermined depth.

Hereinafter, the first invention method will be described in more detail in the order of the basement submersion method to which the first invention method is applied and the constituent features that characterize the first invention method. The method of submerging the basement to be applied will be described in the order of the use of the basement to which the first invention method is applied, the plane shape of the caisson, the method of installing the caisson on the basement construction site, and the method of sinking the caisson.

First, the use of the basement to which the first method of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and a living room, an entertainment room,
Basement rooms used for daily life such as play rooms, study rooms, and storage rooms, underground shelters used for emergency life such as wars during various wars and disasters, drinking water tanks, fire prevention water tanks, dirty water tanks, oil tanks, chemical tanks, and chemical tanks Daily consumption, distribution, disposal of liquid tanks, etc.
Or for the consumption, distribution, disposal of basement tanks, food, fuel, medical supplies, furniture, clothing, protective equipment, etc. used for stockpiling of liquid substances for emergency use, or for stockpiling of other materials for emergency use. It is widely applied to basement rooms used for underground warehouses.

The caisson used in the first invention method is as follows:
What is necessary is just to constitute the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement, and the plane shape is not particularly limited as long as it is a hollow figure. For example, hollow quadrilaterals such as hollow circular (annular), hollow elliptical (elliptical ring), hollow square, hollow rectangle, hollow trapezoid, hollow rhombus, hollow parallelogram, etc., and hollow triangle Hollow pentagon, hollow hexagon, hollow octagon, etc., hollow polygon other than hollow square, pentagram, hexagram, etc., pentagram, hollow L-shaped, hollow cross, hollow Any hollow shape, such as the letter "", can be adopted.

Of course, it is not essential to the first invention method that the outer contour and the inner contour of the caisson are similar in plan view, and the outer contour and the inner contour of the caisson are seen in plan view. Is not essential to the first invention method.

In the first method of the present invention, the method of installing the lower part or the entirety of the caisson on the ground for the construction of a basement includes the method of forming the lower part or the entirety of the caisson in advance in a factory or the like and carrying it into the ground for the construction of the basement. There is a method of forming a caisson on the ground for the construction of a basement, but it is desirable to adopt the latter because the transportation cost is reduced and the transportation route is easily secured.

The caisson is formed on the ground for the basement construction by raising both inner and outer panels on the ground of the basement construction site at appropriate intervals inside and outside, and disposing the basement wall reinforcing steel between the inner and outer formwork. After the streaking, concrete is poured between the inner and outer panels, and after the concrete has hardened, the formwork, that is, the method of dismantling and removing the inner and outer panels, assembling the lower frame as a disposal mold on the ground for basement construction After setting up the inner and outer panels on the lower frame at appropriate intervals inside and outside, and arranging the basement wall reinforcement between the inner and outer formwork,
A method of placing concrete between the inner and outer panels, curing the concrete, dismantling the inner and outer panels and removing them, assembling a lower frame as a disposal mold on the ground for basement construction, and as a disposal mold on this lower frame A method in which both the inner and outer panels are set up at appropriate intervals inside and outside, the basement wall reinforcement is laid between the inner and outer formwork, concrete is poured between the inner and outer panels, and the concrete is hardened. and so on.

Among these methods, the construction period is the shortest,
The last method to reduce the construction cost, that is, assemble the lower frame as a disposal mold on the ground for the basement construction, and set up both inner and outer panels as the disposal mold on the lower frame with appropriate intervals inside and outside It is desirable to adopt a method of arranging a basement wall reinforcing bar between the inner and outer formwork and then placing concrete between the inner and outer panels to harden the concrete.

In this construction method, as in the above-described conventional basement submersion construction method, first, only the lower part of the caisson is formed on the ground for the construction of the basement, and then the lower part of the caisson is sunk into the excavation hole. May be adopted to settle the entire caisson.However, in order to simplify the process, shorten the construction period, and further reduce the construction cost, complete the entire caisson on the ground for the basement construction. After that, it is desirable to adopt a method of sinking the entire caisson.

In this construction method in which the entire caisson is completed on the ground for the construction of the basement and then the entire caisson is settled, the order in which the inner and outer panels and the wall reinforcing bars are installed on the lower frame is not particularly limited. In order to increase the height, the inner panel was set up on the lower frame, the inner reinforcing bar of the wall reinforcing bar was arranged, and then the outer panel excluding the corner where the wall intersected was set up gradually, and the outer panel was set up. It is desirable to employ a method of arranging the outer reinforcing bar of the wall reinforcing bar from the outside and finally raising the outer panel at the corner.

In the basement submersion method to which the first method of the present invention is applied, after the lower part or the entirety of the caisson is installed on the ground for the construction of the basement, the ground below the lower part or the entirety of the caisson is spread over a required range. The lower part or the whole of the caisson is settled in the excavation hole formed by excavation.

Here, excavating the ground under or below the caisson over a required range means that the ground below the caisson is excavated over an area required to sink the lower or entire caisson underground. In other words, it means that the excavation is performed inside the caisson, that is, the area surrounded by the plane projection of the caisson and a predetermined area surrounding the area. In a predetermined range continuous around the inside of the caisson, in addition to the case where the portion overlaps with the plane projection of the caisson, a case where the predetermined range outside the plane projection of the caisson is included, or the plane projection of the caisson In some cases, a predetermined range of the peripheral edge of the caisson is removed, and the peripheral edge of the caisson in a planar projection is excavated by the caisson using the weight of the caisson.

In the basement submersion method to which the first invention method is applied, when the caisson is settled in the excavation hole, the caisson to be settled is supported on the bottom surface of the excavation hole via a base jack, It is also possible to adopt a method of suspending.

However, manpower and equipment necessary for the operation of submerging the caisson can be omitted, the construction period can be shortened, the construction cost can be reduced, and the outer peripheral surface of the caisson submerged in the ground can be removed from the surrounding ground. For reasons such as being caught and not moving horizontally, the lower edge of the caisson is
The outer side is formed into a digging blade having a vertical one-sided inverted triangular cross-sectional shape, and by digging the lower and inner ground of the caisson to the vicinity of the outer periphery of the caisson, the weight of the caisson causes the digging hole to be formed by the digging blade. It is desirable to adopt a method of sinking the caisson while excavating the periphery.

In this method, in order to reliably control the sinking speed of the caisson, for example, it is desirable to mechanically excavate the inside of the caisson and manually excavate from the inside of the caisson to the vicinity of the outer periphery of the caisson.

The constituent feature of the first invention method is that a vertical outer peripheral surface is formed in advance from the lower edge of the caisson to a predetermined height, and the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is provided on the basement construction site. The caisson is settled while the horizontal movement of the caisson is restrained by being received by the guide member.

Here, the predetermined height at which the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is formed on the vertical surface may be arbitrarily set. For example, the lower edge of the above-mentioned caisson is formed in a digging blade having a vertical one-sided inverted triangular cross-sectional shape, and the lower and inner ground of the caisson is excavated to the vicinity of the outer periphery of the caisson. Due to its own weight, when adopting a method of sinking a caisson while excavating the periphery of the excavation hole with the excavation blade, if the caisson sinks to its height, the ground around the caisson prevents horizontal movement of the caisson The height should be at least as high as possible, depending on the ground pressure of the ground. For example, if the ground pressure is as low as a residential land in the Osaka Plain, it is sufficient if the height is at least 100 mm from the lower edge of the caisson.

This vertical outer peripheral surface may be formed over the entire height of the caisson, or may be formed at an intermediate height from the lower edge of the caisson, for example, 100 to 400 mm from the lower edge. In this case, the outer surface of the caisson in the upper part of the outer peripheral surface is recessed inward from the vertical outer peripheral surface, for example, in a stepped manner so as not to hinder the sinking of the caisson.

It is advantageous to form the vertical outer peripheral surface over the entire height of the caisson, since the guide member prevents horizontal movement of the caisson until the caisson has subsided to a predetermined installation depth.

In the case where a vertical outer peripheral surface is formed from the lower edge of the caisson to an intermediate height, and the outer surface of the caisson is recessed inside the outer peripheral surface above the outer peripheral surface of the caisson. A guided member whose outer edge is located on or near the outer peripheral surface is provided at a portion where the outer surface of the caisson is recessed inward from the outer peripheral surface, and the guided member is received by the guide member. When the caisson is lowered while restraining the horizontal movement of the caisson,
Advantageously, the guide member prevents horizontal movement of the caisson until the caisson has sunk to a predetermined installation depth.

The caisson is provided between a portion recessed above the outer peripheral surface of the caisson and inside the outer peripheral surface and the guided member, or via a water passage formed in the guided member. The caisson can be settled while supplying water to the outer peripheral surface from above the caisson. According to this,
Water flows between the outer peripheral surface of the caisson and the guide member, and the frictional resistance therebetween can be reduced, and the ground below the outer peripheral surface of the caisson can be softened to reduce the excavation resistance.

The cross-sectional shape of the guided member is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an annular shape, an elliptical shape, a V shape, a U shape, a groove shape,
Any cross-sectional shape such as a hat shape can be adopted.

The water passage formed between the portion of the caisson recessed above the outer peripheral surface and inward of the outer peripheral surface and the guided member or in the guided member is:
Improving soil properties such as fungicides, antibacterial agents, rodenticides, animal repellents, insecticides, insecticides, termites, termiticides, sclerosing agents, etc. on the ground around and below the caisson while sinking the caisson It can also be used to supply agents.

The outer peripheral surface of the caisson and the material of the guided member are not particularly limited. For example, metals such as iron and steel, synthetic resins, wood, paper, etc., as well as cement (mortar), Concrete or the like can be used, but it is desirable to use metal having excellent mechanical strength, particularly steel.

The guide member may be provided at a plurality of locations at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction of the caisson, but is preferably provided continuously over the entire circumference of the caisson in order to distribute the load.

As a method of installing the guide member, for example, a method of placing or embedding a rock, a rolled stone, a concrete block or the like of an appropriate size on the ground, a method of driving a pile into the ground, or the like is adopted. Although it is also possible, in order to provide the guide member easily and inexpensively continuously over the entire circumference of the caisson, after grounding the caisson at a predetermined position of the basement construction site, It is possible to adopt a method in which an irregular-shaped object is cast on the ground around the caisson and the irregular-shaped object is cured, whereby the guide member made of the cured object of the irregular-shaped object is provided around the caisson. desirable.

When casting an irregular-shaped object on the ground around a caisson, it is necessary to block the outer periphery of the caisson within a certain range. For this reason, an appropriate distance is placed outside the caisson installed on the basement construction site. A mold is installed, and an amorphous material is cast between the mold and the caisson, and a method is adopted in which a guide member made of a cured material of the amorphous material is provided around the caisson by curing. You may.

However, in order to shorten the construction period by omitting the formwork, to save the construction cost, and to prevent the guide member from moving horizontally, the basement construction site is previously placed on the basement construction site in plan view. Digging into a wider pit, grounding the caisson at a predetermined position on the bottom of the pit, then placing an amorphous material entirely on the bottom of the pit around the caisson and curing it, It is desirable to adopt a method in which the guide means made of a cured product of the irregular-shaped material whose periphery is received on the peripheral surface of the pit is provided.

It is sufficient that the depth of the pit is not less than the thickness of the guide means required in terms of strength. However, in the case of constructing an above-ground building above the basement, the above-mentioned pit is required to be constructed following the basement work. It is preferable to dig down to the base bottom of the above-ground building so that the foundation work of the building can be started.

The amorphous material is obtained by kneading a suitable skeleton, a binder, and a solvent, and is not particularly limited as long as the component becomes harder than the ground after hardening. For example, as the aggregate, soil, sand, pebbles, ash such as volcanic ash, and industrial waste such as blast furnace slag can be used.As the binder, natural resins, synthetic resins, cement, and the like generally used as a binder can be used. And water, an organic solvent, an inorganic solvent and the like can be used as the solvent.

Concretely, kneaded material for brick, kneaded material using volcanic ash as aggregate, kneaded material using blast furnace slag as aggregate, cement milk, concrete milk, etc. may be used. It is desirable to use cement milk or concrete milk.

Cement milk (also called mortar),
Alternatively, concrete milk can be obtained inexpensively and easily from ready-mixed concrete manufacturers, and cement milk (mortar) can be obtained inexpensively and easily by kneading water, cement and sand at a basement construction site, In addition, concrete milk can be obtained at low cost and easily by adding a gravel to water, cement and sand at a basement construction site and kneading the mixture.

The cement milk (mortar) or concrete milk is poured around the caisson as a waste container, and hardens to form a cement (mortar) or concrete guide member.

The thickness and width of the waste container should be at least 5
0 mm is required, and the thickness and width of this disposal
If the thickness is smaller than mm, the throw-away container may be broken and the expected guiding action may not be obtained.

By the way, in the method of the first invention, the irregular-shaped object may be cast directly into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the caisson. However, the discarded concrete adheres to the caisson to prevent the caisson from sinking. After placing a wear material having a predetermined thickness and height around the caisson grounded on the basement construction site, in order to prevent the caisson from becoming damaged or damaging the caisson, It is desirable to adopt a method in which the waste concrete is cast outside the wear material.

The material of the wear material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that is more easily worn than the outer peripheral surface of the caisson. For example, foamed resin such as foamed rubber and styrofoam, non-foamed resin containing rubber, wood, paper, etc. Among them, it is desirable to use styrene foam which is inexpensive and easily available.

Next, in order to achieve the above object, the first invention caisson is formed vertically from a lower edge to a predetermined height and disposed on the surrounding ground in order to achieve the above object. A technical means is provided in which an outer peripheral surface is received by the guide member.

Thus, after the lower part or the whole of the caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement is installed on the basement construction ground, the basement below the caisson is excavated over a required range to sink the caisson. In the construction method, a vertical outer peripheral surface is formed in advance over a predetermined height from the lower edge of the caisson, and the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is received by a guide member provided on the basement construction site, thereby suppressing horizontal movement of the caisson. While the caisson sinks, the first invention method can be carried out.

The detailed description of the caisson of the first invention overlaps with the detailed description of the method of the first invention described above, and thus is omitted to save paper width.

Next, the caisson guide member according to the present invention comprises:
Technical means for achieving the above object, comprising a cured product obtained by curing an irregularly shaped object placed on the ground around a basement caisson grounded on a basement construction site. Is adopted.

According to this, after the caisson is grounded at a predetermined position on the basement construction site, an irregular-shaped object is cast on the ground around the caisson on the basement construction site, and the irregular-shaped object is removed. By curing, the first invention can be carried out by a method in which the guide member made of the cured product of the irregular shape is provided around a caisson.

The detailed description of the caisson guiding member according to the present invention is the same as the detailed description of the first method of the present invention described above, and thus is omitted to save paper width.

Next, in the second method of the present invention, the lower part or the entirety of the caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement is installed on the ground for the construction of the basement, and the ground below the caisson is excavated over a required range. In the basement submersion method for sinking the caisson, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a plurality of protruding outwardly from the outer peripheral surface are provided at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement. A horizontal movement preventing member is provided, and when the caisson sinks, the horizontal movement preventing member is made to protrude into the surrounding ground.

According to this, when the caisson sinks, the horizontal movement preventing member is pushed into the surrounding ground,
The horizontal movement preventing member is received on the ground from both sides, and the horizontal movement of the caisson is restrained by the horizontal movement preventing member, so that the horizontal movement of the caisson that has settled underground is prevented.

Hereinafter, the method of the second invention will be described in more detail. However, in the detailed description of the caisson, the points that overlap with the detailed description of the method of the first invention are omitted to save paper width.

In the method of the second invention, it is not essential that the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is formed in a vertical plane. However, in the method of the second invention, the outer periphery of the caisson is also vertically extended from the lower edge of the caisson over a predetermined height. Forming an outer peripheral surface, wherein the lower edge of the caisson is formed into a cutting edge having a vertical one-sided V-shaped cross-section on the outside, and excavating the lower and inner ground of the caisson to near the outer periphery of the caisson; Accordingly, a method of sinking the caisson while excavating the periphery of the excavation hole with the excavation blade by the weight of the caisson can be adopted.

When this method is adopted, the outer peripheral surface of the caisson that has settled underground is received by the surrounding ground, and the horizontal movement of the caisson is restrained. The horizontal movement of the caisson is restrained, and the caisson can be surely prevented from horizontally moving under the ground.

In the method of the second aspect of the present invention, the horizontal movement preventing member may be provided so as to protrude into the ground around the caisson when the caisson is submerged under the ground, but this increases the resistance of the caisson to subsidence. It is clear that. From this viewpoint, it is preferable that the dimension of the horizontal movement preventing member protruding into the ground is small. On the other hand, in order to restrain the horizontal movement preventing member from moving in the horizontal direction on the ground on both sides thereof, it is preferable that the dimension of the horizontal movement preventing member entering the ground be large.

Therefore, in the second method of the present invention, the projecting dimension of the horizontal movement preventing member from the outer surface of the caisson is designed to harmonize these conflicting requirements. The lower edge of the caisson is formed by a digging blade having a vertical single-sided V-shaped cross-section on the outside, and by digging the lower and inner ground of the caisson near the outer periphery of the caisson, by the weight of the caisson, When adopting a method of sinking the caisson while excavating the periphery of the excavation hole with the excavation blade, for example, a vertically arranged plate having a thickness of 3.2 mm and a plate width of 6 mm
What is necessary is just to comprise the said horizontal movement prevention member with the strip | belt material of about 0 mm.

The number of horizontal movement preventing members is preferably small from the viewpoint of reducing the resistance of the caisson to settlement, and is preferably large from the viewpoint of preventing the horizontal movement of the caisson.

Accordingly, in the second method of the present invention, the number of the horizontal movement preventing members is designed to harmonize these conflicting requirements. For example, as described above, the vertically arranged plate thickness of 3.2 mm, When the horizontal movement preventing member is made of a strip having a plate width of about 60 mm, for example, 600
The horizontal movement preventing member is installed every mm.

In the second method of the present invention, the material of the horizontal movement preventing member is not particularly limited, and metals such as iron and steel, synthetic resins, wood, paper, cement (mortar), concrete and the like are used. Among them, it is desirable to use a metal having excellent mechanical strength, particularly steel.

Next, in order to achieve the above object, the caisson according to the second aspect of the present invention is a caisson that constitutes an outer peripheral wall body of a basement, the outer peripheral surface of the caisson being spaced from the outer peripheral surface at an appropriate interval. Technical means is employed in which a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members protruding outward are provided.

Thus, the method of the second invention in which the horizontal movement preventing member protrudes around the excavation hole when the caisson is sunk underground can be carried out, and the second invention can be carried out using the second invention caisson. By carrying out the method, the horizontal movement preventing member is received on the ground on both sides thereof to restrain the horizontal movement of the caisson, so that the horizontal movement of the caisson sinking underground can be prevented.

For a more detailed description of the second invention caisson,
Since it overlaps with the detailed description of the second invention method, it is omitted to save paper width.

[0071]

As described above, according to the first method of the present invention, a vertical outer peripheral surface is formed in advance from the lower edge of the caisson to a predetermined height, and the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is provided on the basement construction site. Since the caisson is lowered while restraining the horizontal movement of the caisson by receiving the caisson, the caisson can be lowered from the ground of the basement construction site without horizontally moving the caisson. can get.

The caisson of the first invention has an outer peripheral surface formed vertically from a lower edge to a predetermined height and received by a guide member arranged on the surrounding ground. By receiving the caisson by the guide member provided in the first embodiment, the caisson is lowered while the horizontal movement of the caisson is suppressed.

Further, the caisson guide member according to the present invention comprises:
Since it is made of a cured product obtained by curing an amorphous material cast on the ground around a basement caisson grounded on a basement construction site, it can be easily and inexpensively continuously formed around the entire caisson. The caisson guide member receives the outer peripheral surface of the caisson, which has formed a vertical outer peripheral surface from the lower edge in advance over a predetermined height, and suppresses the horizontal movement of the caisson. Is obtained, whereby the first method of the present invention for sinking water can be carried out.

Further, the method according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members projecting outward from the outer peripheral surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement. A member is provided, and when the caisson sinks, the horizontal movement preventing member is made to protrude into the surrounding ground, so that an effect of preventing horizontal movement of the caisson sunk underground can be obtained.

In addition, the caisson according to the second aspect of the present invention is provided with a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members protruding outward from the outer peripheral surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
When the caisson is sunk, the horizontal movement preventing member is pushed into the surrounding ground so that the horizontal movement of the caisson can be prevented.

[0076]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention, namely, the first invention method, the first invention caisson, the caisson guide member according to the invention, the second invention method and the second invention caisson are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

As shown in the configuration diagram of FIG. 1, in the present invention, after the entire caisson 1 constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement is installed on the basement construction ground, the ground below the caisson 1 A basement submersion method of excavating the caisson 1 and sinking the caisson 1 is employed.

In the basement construction site, a pit P is dug in advance over a wider area than the area where the basement will be constructed up to the depth of the base bottom of the above-ground building, and a caisson is placed on the flat bottom of the pit P. 1 is assembled in the following procedure.

That is, as shown in the perspective view of FIG. 2 and the plan view of FIG. 3, first, as a throw-away type in the area where the basement in the pit P is constructed,
Is assembled. Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
On the inner panel 3, an inner panel 3 including a predetermined number of panel members 31 as a disposal mold and a corner post 32 raised at an inner corner of each corner where the wall surface intersects.

Next, the inner reinforcing bar 41 of the wall reinforcing bar 4 shown in FIG.
Is supported by the inner panel 3, after which the panel member 51 of the outer panel 5 facing the inner panel 3 can be raised on the lower frame 2. The raised outer panel member 51 supports the inner reinforcing bar 42 of the wall reinforcing bar 4 shown in FIG. 1, and thereafter, a corner reinforcing reinforcing bar is attached to each corner where the wall surface intersects. The outer panel 5 is completed by assembling the corner cover 52 that covers the outer panel 5.

Thereafter, concrete milk is poured between the inner and outer panels 3 and 5 and hardened to form the wall concrete 6 reinforced by the wall reinforcing bars 4.

As shown in FIG. 3, the lower frame 2 of the caisson 1
Is composed of a corner member 21 disposed at a corner and a beam member 22 disposed between the corner members 21 facing each other. These corner members 21 and the beam members 22 or the beam members 22 are connected to each other by, for example, bolts. One is formed by connecting with a nut.

As shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 4, the corner member 21 includes a bottom plate 211 serving as a weir plate on the lower surface of the wall concrete 6 and an outer portion extending vertically downward from two outer edges of the bottom plate 211. A face plate 212 is provided, and the bottom plate 211 and the outer plate 212 are integrated by connecting them with, for example, tapping bolts.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG.
2 is one main member 2 formed by bending one plate material
21, one Z-shaped reinforcement 222, one groove-shaped reinforcement 22
3, 5 lower reinforcing plates 224 and 5 upper reinforcing plates 22
5, a main member 221 includes a bottom plate 226 serving as a weir plate on the lower surface of the wall concrete 6, an outer plate 227 vertically extended from an outer edge thereof, and a bottom plate extending from a lower edge of the outer plate 227. 216 is provided with a blade reinforcing plate 228 which is bent diagonally below the outer surface plate 227 and the blade reinforcing plate 22.
8 form a digging blade 229 having a single-sided V-shaped cross-sectional shape with a vertical outside.

As shown in FIG. 2, the height of the outer plate 212 of the corner member 21 is about 300 mm, and
The height of the outer plate 227 of the corner member 21 and the outer plate 22 of the beam member 22 are approximately 325 mm.
7 constitute the outer peripheral surface 7 of the caisson 1.

The caisson 1 is an application of the first invention caisson, and the outer peripheral surface 7 is a vertical surface extending from the lower edge to the height of the lower frame 2 as described above.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer panel 5 is recessed inward from the outer peripheral surface 7 and rises on the lower frame 2.

As shown in the side views of FIG. 1 and FIG. 6, this caisson 1 is the one to which the second invention caisson is applied, and the overall height of the outer surface plate 212 of the beam member 21 and the lower part of the blade edge reinforcing plate 228 are shown. The horizontal movement preventing members 8 made of, for example, a 3.2 mm thick and 60 mm wide band plate material are vertically arranged at intervals of, for example, 600 mm in the axial direction of the beam member 22, and each horizontal movement preventing member 8 is Face plate 212
And is fixed in surface contact with the lower part of the blade edge reinforcing plate 228.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 5 and 6, the upper end of the horizontal movement preventing member 8 is extended to above the bottom plate 226 so that the upper end overlaps the outer edge of the bottom plate 226. The washer 9 is formed by bending inward at a right angle.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6, before the caisson 1 is lowered, the washer 9 is set so that the outer edge is located slightly inside the outer peripheral surface 7.
By screwing the lower end of the guided member 10 made of a pipe material on the vertical axis, the guided member 10 is raised on the lower frame 2.

The caisson 1 is supported by the base jack and formed to be raised to a predetermined height from the bottom of the pit P. After the caisson 1 is completed, the base jack is shortened and installed on the bottom of the pit P.

Thereafter, according to the first method of the present invention, a wear material 11 made of, for example, styrene foam having a thickness of about 30 mm and a height of about 100 mm is disposed in contact with the outer peripheral surface 7 of the caisson 1. A 50mm thick irregular shaped object made of concrete milk is placed on the bottom of the outer pit P.
Pour and harden as above. As a result, the guide member 12 made of a disposal container, which is a cured product of the irregular-shaped material, is formed continuously around the entire caisson 1.

After the guide member 12 is formed, the ground inside the caisson 1 is mechanically dug and the surrounding area is dug by hand to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface 7 of the caisson 1. The caisson 1 sinks down from the ground while cutting into the periphery of the excavation hole, digging into the lower ground.

When the caisson 1 sinks below the ground, the caisson 1 moves in the horizontal direction when the outer peripheral surface 7
The caisson 1 is prevented from being restrained by being received by the guide member 12 through the base member, so that the caisson 1 sinks below the ground, that is, from the bottom surface of the pit P without moving horizontally.

When the caisson 1 sinks underground, the horizontal movement preventing member 8 protruding from the outer peripheral surface 7 rushes into the ground around the outer peripheral surface 7 in accordance with the second invention method. Is prevented by the outer peripheral surface 7 being received by the surrounding ground, and the horizontal movement preventing member 8 protruding from the outer peripheral surface 7 enters the ground around the outer peripheral surface 7. The caisson 1 is reliably prevented from moving horizontally because it is received and restrained by the ground on both sides.

When the caisson 1 sinks into the ground deeper than the height of the lower frame 2, the outer panel 5 is interposed between the guided member 10 and the abrasion material 11 according to the first invention method. The horizontal movement of the caisson 1 is restrained by the height of the ground. In addition, according to the second invention method, the horizontal movement of the lower frame 2 sunk into the ground is received by the surrounding ground 7 as before, and the horizontal movement preventing member 8 is received by the ground from both sides. Is controlled by As a result, the caisson 1 does not move horizontally even at the position of the excavation blade 229 or at the position of the ground, and sinks straight down to a predetermined installation depth as shown in the sectional view of FIG. It becomes.

The wear member 11 may be omitted, but by arranging the wear member 11, the guide member 1 is provided.
2 and the outer peripheral surface 7 of the caisson 1 or the guided member 10 are not in direct contact with each other, so that there is no possibility that the guide member 12 and the outer peripheral surface 7 of the caisson 1 will adhere to each other. The guide member 12 does not damage the caisson 1, and the sinking of the caisson 1 can be performed smoothly.

By the way, after the caisson 1 is lowered to a predetermined ground contact depth, ground work for the basement and foundation work for the basement are performed. Further, the foundation formwork of the above-ground building is added to the upper part of the caisson 1, and the foundation steel of the above-ground building is poured after arranging the reinforcing steel in this foundation formwork.

In the above-described conventional basement submersible box construction method, after the wall concrete between the inner and outer panels of the lower stage, that is, the first stage, is cast, immediately before the wall concrete between the inner and outer panels of the second stage or more is spliced. It was necessary to remove dust from the surface of the concrete between the inner and outer panels of the first tier, but it was necessary to remove the dust from the inner and outer panels up to the top. It was very difficult to remove dust from the surface. If the dusting is incomplete, cracks are likely to occur on the joint surface, and groundwater may seep into the basement through the cracks.

On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, the wall concrete 6 can be cast at once, and the intermediate surface of the wall concrete 6 can be eliminated.
In addition, when the size of the basement is large, splicing is performed, but this splicing can be performed while the previously poured concrete does not harden, so the change in the properties of the concrete on both sides of the splicing surface While it can be almost eliminated, it can be joined before dust collects on the joint surface,
It is possible to eliminate the possibility that cracks occur on the joint surface.

The corner cover 52 is provided with an opening 13 for dusting out at the height of the casting surface of the wall concrete 6 so that the inner and outer panels 3 can be formed before the foundation concrete of the ground building is cast. 5 and the ground foundation formwork added thereto, a broom or the like can be put between the casters to easily clean the casting surface of the wall concrete 6, and the dust collected in the corners by this cleaning can be removed. By sweeping through the opening 13, dust can be easily removed from the joint surface between the wall concrete 6 and the foundation concrete of the above-ground building, and there is a possibility that cracks may be generated in the joint surface between the wall concrete 6 and the foundation concrete of the above-ground building. Almost gone.

The opening 13 is provided between the inner and outer panels 3, 5
However, in this embodiment, the inner and outer panels 3 and 5 are not provided with the openings 13 and the inner and outer panels 3 and 5 are formed symmetrically in the height direction and the width direction. Thus, errors in these assembly directions are eliminated.

[0102]

As described above, according to the first method of the present invention, a vertical outer peripheral surface is formed in advance from the lower edge of the caisson to a predetermined height, and the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is connected to the basement building site. The caisson is settled while restraining the horizontal movement of the caisson by receiving it with the guide member provided in the above, and according to the first invention method, the caisson can be settled down from the ground without horizontal movement. The effect can be obtained.

Further, the first invention caisson has an outer peripheral surface formed vertically from the lower edge over a predetermined height and received by a guide member arranged on the surrounding ground. And the effect that the caisson can be sunk down from the ground without horizontal movement can be obtained.

Further, the caisson guide member according to the present invention comprises:
Since it is made of a hardened material obtained by hardening an amorphous material cast on the ground around the caisson of the basement grounded to the basement construction site, it can be easily and inexpensively formed. By performing the first method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain an effect that the caisson can be lowered from the ground without moving horizontally.

Further, the method of the second invention is characterized in that a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members projecting outward from the outer peripheral surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of the basement. A member is provided, and when the caisson sinks, the horizontal movement preventing member is caused to rush into the surrounding ground. According to this method, the horizontal movement of the caisson sinking underground is restrained by the ground on both sides of the horizontal movement preventing member. And an effect that can be prevented can be obtained.

In addition, the caisson of the second aspect of the present invention is provided with a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members projecting outward from the outer peripheral surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface. Thus, the method of the second aspect of the present invention can provide an effect that the horizontal movement of the caisson sunk underground can be prevented by the ground on both sides of the horizontal movement preventing member.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view showing the steps of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a caisson suitably used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a lower frame suitably used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a corner member suitably used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a beam member suitably used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a beam member suitably used in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the caisson is lowered to the installation depth in the method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Caisson 7 Outer peripheral surface 8 Horizontal movement prevention member 10 Guided member 11 Wear material 12 Guide member

Claims (17)

[Claims] An underground cabin construction method in which a caisson that constitutes an outer peripheral wall frame of a basement is installed on the ground for construction of a basement, and the ground below the caisson is excavated over a required range to sink the caisson. In the meantime, while forming a vertical outer peripheral surface over a predetermined height from the lower edge of the caisson in advance, the outer peripheral surface of the caisson is received by a guide member provided on the basement construction site, thereby suppressing horizontal movement of the caisson. A basement submersion method characterized by sinking this caisson. 2. A lower edge of a caisson is formed in a cutting blade having a vertical single-sided V-shaped cross-section on the outside, and excavating the lower and inner ground of the caisson to near the outer periphery of the caisson. The basement submersible construction method according to claim 1, wherein the caisson sinks the caisson while excavating a peripheral portion of the excavation hole with the excavation blade by its own weight. 3. A portion in which the outer surface of the caisson is recessed inward from the outer peripheral surface above the outer peripheral surface of the caisson,
A guided member whose outer edge is located at or near the outer peripheral surface, and the guided member is received by the guide member, thereby lowering the caisson while restraining horizontal movement of the caisson. Or the basement submersion method according to 2. 4. A caisson through which water is passed through a water passage formed between a portion recessed above the outer peripheral surface of the caisson and inward of the outer peripheral surface and the guided member or in the guided member. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the caisson is settled while supplying the caisson from above. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the guiding means is provided continuously over the entire outer periphery of the caisson.
Basement submersion method described in section. 6. After the caisson is grounded at a predetermined position on the basement construction site, an irregularly shaped object is cast on the ground around the caisson on the basement construction site, and the irregularly shaped object is cured. The basement submersion method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the guide member made of a cured product of the irregularly shaped material is provided around a caisson. 7. A pit wider than the basement in a plan view is dug in advance in the basement construction site, and the caisson is grounded at a predetermined position on the bottom of the pit. 7. The guide means comprising a cured product of the irregularly shaped article whose periphery is received on the peripheral surface of the pit by casting and curing the irregularly shaped article.
Basement submersion method described in section. 8. After the caisson is grounded, a wear material having a predetermined thickness and height is disposed in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the caisson, and the irregular-shaped object is cast outside the wear material. A basement submersion method according to claim 6. 9. The basement submersion method according to claim 6, wherein the irregularly shaped object is made of concrete milk and is cast over a thickness of at least 50 mm. 10. A caisson constituting an outer peripheral wall frame of a basement, comprising an outer peripheral surface formed vertically from a lower edge to a predetermined height and received by a guide member arranged on the surrounding ground. . 11. The caisson according to claim 10, wherein the lower edge is formed on a cutting edge having a vertical one-sided V-shaped cross section. 12. A guided member whose outer edge is located on or near the outer peripheral surface is provided at a portion above the outer peripheral surface and recessed inward from the outer peripheral surface.
Or the caisson according to 11. 13. A water passage having upper and lower ends open between a portion recessed inside the outer peripheral surface and the guided member above the outer peripheral surface, or in the guided member. Item 15. A caisson according to item 12. 14. A caisson guide member comprising a hardened material obtained by hardening an irregularly shaped object placed on the ground around a basement caisson grounded on a basement construction site. 15. The caisson guide member according to claim 14, wherein the irregular-shaped object is made of concrete milk. 16. A basement submersion method in which the lower part or the entirety of a caisson constituting the outer peripheral wall frame of a basement is installed on the ground for constructing a basement, and the ground below the caisson is excavated over a required range to sink the caisson. In the outer peripheral surface of the caisson, a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members projecting outward from the outer peripheral surface are provided at appropriate intervals in advance, and when the caisson sinks, the horizontal movement preventing members are provided around the caisson. Basement submersion method characterized by rushing into the ground. 17. A caisson constituting an outer peripheral wall frame of a basement, wherein a plurality of horizontal movement preventing members projecting outward from the outer peripheral surface are provided on the outer peripheral surface at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. The characteristic caisson.