JP2001239965A - Crawler traveling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently adjust tension of a substantially triangular crawler by a movement of an adjusting wheel, and to properly maintain elastic pressing force for adjusting the tension. SOLUTION: An adjusting wheel 3 for adjusting the tension, an idler driven wheel 4 and an intermediate idler 5 between these are arranged and supported in the longitudinal direction in a truck frame 2. A driving wheel 6 is arranged above the idler wheel 5. A crawler 7 wound on these whole wheels. A tension adjusting mechanism 9 is arranged for moving the adjusting wheel 3 in the almost distant-near direction from the central side of the crawler 7 and resiliently energizing the adjusting wheel in the distant direction, and an elastic pressing force maintaining means 10 is arranged in this tension adjusting mechanism 9.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a crawler traveling device capable of adjusting a tension.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, as a crawler traveling device, there is a crawler traveling device which is provided in place of a rear tire wheel of a tractor to constitute a semi-crawler tractor. A crawler traveling apparatus of this type is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-321729. A track frame is provided with a tension adjusting wheel, a idler driven wheel, and an idler wheel intermediate between them. The drive wheels are arranged above the idler wheels, and the crawlers are wound around all the wheels, and the track frame is swung about an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheels. It is free to move.

The adjusting wheel is supported by a front end of a support supported movably in the front-rear direction by a track frame, and the support is urged forward by a spring material. The adjusting wheel is moved forward by the spring pressure of the spring material to adjust the crawler tension.

[0004]

The crawler is,
A rubber crawler having a circumferential tensile member embedded therein is used. Although the elongation is smaller than that of an iron crawler, the elongation increases as the crawler is used, so that tension adjustment is required.
In the crawler traveling device of the semi-crawler tractor, since the crawler is wound in a substantially triangular shape in a side view, as in the related art, if a tension adjusting mechanism is disposed in the front-rear direction substantially along the base of the triangle, the adjustment is performed. The amount of tension adjustment is small compared to the travel length of the wheel, and in order to compensate for this, the tension adjustment mechanism must be formed long before and after, resulting in problems such as high cost and increased body weight. Has occurred.

Further, when the crawler is greatly extended and the moving distance (adjustment amount) of the adjusting wheel is long, the spring material is elongated and the elastic pressure applied to the crawler is reduced, so that the tension may not be properly adjusted. According to the present invention, the tension of the crawler can be efficiently adjusted by moving the adjustment wheel by elastically biasing the adjustment wheel from the center side of the crawler to the far direction, and the elastic pressure can be maintained properly and easily. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crawler traveling device.

[0006]

The first concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is that a tension adjusting wheel 3, an idle wheel 4 and an idle wheel intermediate between them are provided on a track frame 2. 5 are arranged and supported in the front-rear direction.
The drive wheels 6 are disposed above the crawler 7 and the crawlers 7 are wound around all the wheels so that the adjustment wheels 3 can be moved from the center of the crawler 7 substantially in the near and near directions, and the tension is adjusted elastically in the far direction. The mechanism 9 is provided, and the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is provided with the elastic pressure maintaining means 10.

As a result, the lower end of the substantially triangular crawler is moved away from the center of the crawler 7 when the adjusting wheel 3 is moved. Therefore, even if the crawler 7 moves in the far direction, the elastic force of the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is maintained, and the crawler 7 can always be given an appropriate tension. A second specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is to arrange and support a tension adjusting adjusting wheel 3, an idler driven wheel 4, and an intermediate idler wheel 5 on the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction. A drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, and a crawler 7 is wound around all of the wheels, and the track frame 2 is moved around an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheel 6. In the swingable crawler traveling device, the adjusting wheel 3 is supported by a support 8.
Is supported on the track frame 2 so as to be able to move the adjusting wheel 3 substantially in the near and far directions with respect to the axis of the drive wheel 6 or the axis of swing of the track frame 2. A tension adjusting mechanism 9 that elastically urges the adjusting wheel 3 in the far direction is provided between the tension adjusting mechanism 9 and the tension adjusting mechanism 9.

As a result, the movement of the adjusting wheel 3 moves the lower apex of the substantially triangular crawler away from the axis of the driving wheel 6 or the swing axis of the track frame 2, thereby efficiently adjusting the tension of the crawler. In addition to the adjustment wheel 3
, The elastic force of the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is maintained, so that the crawler 7 can always be given an appropriate tension. A third specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is that, in addition to the second specific means, the tension adjusting mechanism 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder 31 for connecting the support body 8 and the track frame 2, And an accumulator 44 for applying a hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder 31 to press the adjusting wheel 3 in a far direction.

Thus, even if the adjusting wheel 3 is moved for adjusting the tension, the hydraulic cylinder 31 normally absorbs the shock load applied to the adjusting wheel 3 at the moved position.
The fourth specific means for solving the problem in the present invention is:
In addition to the second specific means, the tension adjusting mechanism 9
Is a hydraulic cylinder 31 having one end connected to one of the support 8 and the track frame 2, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 being connected to the other of the support 8 and the track frame 2 to form the adjustment wheel 3. Spring means 12 for pressing elastically in the far direction
And

Thus, the adjusting wheel 3 is moved and cushioned by the spring means 12 for adjusting the tension.
2 can normally perform tension adjustment and buffering. A fifth concrete means for solving the problem in the present invention is to connect a replenishing oil means 45 for supplying oil for causing the piston rod 31A to project to the hydraulic cylinder 31 in addition to the third or fourth concrete means. That is. Thus, even if the crawler 7 has a large amount of extension, the adjusting wheel 3 can normally perform tension adjustment and shock absorption, and can increase the amount of tension adjustment.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 5 and 6, reference numeral 15 denotes a tractor in which the rear tire wheels are replaced by the crawler traveling device 1, and the vehicle body is constituted by an engine 16, a transmission case 17, a front axle frame 18, and the like. Suspended front wheel 19 as a steerable wheel that can be driven
The engine 16 is covered by a hood 20. The tractor 15 is equipped with a cabin 21 and includes a control unit 22 and a driver's seat 2.
3 and a rear working machine 25 such as a rotary cultivator is towed at the rear of the vehicle body via a hydraulic device and a three-point link mechanism 24. A lops may be mounted instead of the cabin 21.

1 to 6, a crawler traveling device 1 is shown.
Has a tension adjusting wheel 3, idler driven wheels 4, and idler wheels 5 located between them arranged and supported in the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction, and a drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheels 5. Then, a crawler 7 is wound around these wheels, and the track frame 2 is configured to be swingable about an axis parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheels 6. The adjusting wheel 3 is rotatably supported by a free end of a support 8, and the support 8 swings up and down via a horizontal pin 30 having a left-right axis at the front of the track frame 2. The hydraulic cylinder 31 for the tension adjusting mechanism 9 is connected between the free end side of the support 8 and the upper part of the track frame 2.

The driven wheel 4 is rotatably supported by a support bracket 32 protruding rearward from the upper portion of the track frame 2 and is a wheel that can idle like the adjustment wheel 3. Two idler wheels 5 are arranged inside the main body of the track frame 2 (two in FIG. 1 and three in FIG. 5), and exemplify a freewheeling freewheel. The idler wheel 5 may be one or three or more in number, and the adjusting wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4
Smaller in diameter. The drive wheel 6 is a sprocket (a drive transmission having teeth on the outer periphery of a disk) mounted on the outer end surface of the rear axle 33. The rear axle 33 is a transmission case 17
Is supported by a rear axle case 34 that protrudes left and right from the rear, and protrudes outward from the rear axle case 34,
In the case of a wheel-type tractor, tire wheels are mounted instead of the driving wheels 6.

The pitch circle diameter of the drive wheels 6 is set to be approximately half of the outer circumference diameter of the tire wheels, and therefore, the power transmission system to the front wheels 19 has substantially the same peripheral speed as the drive wheels 6. A speed reducer for performing the operation is incorporated. In addition,
A transmission that increases the peripheral speed of the front wheels 19 than the peripheral speed of the drive wheels 6 may be provided. Since the drive wheel 6 is disposed above the idler wheel 5, the adjustment wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 have a triangular arrangement, and the drive wheel 6 forms an upper vertex of the triangle.
The adjustment wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4 each form a lower vertex. Crawler (elastic crawler) wound around all these wheels
7 is substantially triangular (diaper shape) in side view,
The idler wheel 5 is located at the base of the substantially triangle.

The crawler 7 may be an iron crawler,
Here, a rubber crawler having a tensile member in the circumferential direction embedded therein is used, and engaging holes for engaging teeth (engaging protrusions) of the driving wheel 6 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at the center in the width direction. The outer circumferential contact surface has a pattern of lugs such as a horizontal character or a letter V,
Derailing prevention projections are formed on the inner peripheral surface, respectively. The crawler 7 may have a core bar, which is a tensile member in the width direction, embedded at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A swing support 35 formed of a plate or the like from the main body is erected on the track frame 2, and an upper portion of the swing support 35 is supported by a swing shaft 36 supported by a reinforcing frame 37. I have.

The reinforcing frame 37 is provided on the left and right rear axle cases 3.
The mounting plate 38 bolted to 4 is connected by a connecting member 39 passing below the transmission case 17, and the connecting member 39 may be bolted to the transmission case 17. A cylindrical body 42 is fixed to the mounting plates 38 on both left and right sides of the reinforcing frame 37, and a swing shaft 36 is inserted through the cylindrical body 42, and the swing support 36
Are fitted, and are stopped by stopper plates 43 at both left and right ends of the swing shaft 36. It should be noted that the swing shaft 36 may be rotated in the cylinder 42 or the swing support 35 may be rotated with respect to the swing shaft 36. Is located parallel to and directly below the axis of the rear axle 33, and serves as the swing center of the track frame 2 in the front-rear direction.

The swinging support 35 is provided with a regulating member 40 protruding forward, and opposed thereto, a mounting plate 38 is provided with a vertical stopper 41 so that the swinging amount of the swinging support 35 in the front-rear direction can be reduced. The restricting member 40 restricts by contacting the upper and lower stoppers 41, and these constitute a swing range restricting means of the track frame 2. It is preferable that the upper and lower stoppers 41 can be adjusted vertically, respectively.
May be provided on the swing support 35, and the regulating member 40 may be provided on the mounting plate 38, respectively. Further, the swing range restricting means may be arranged on the driven wheel 4 side of the swing support 35.

A crawler traveling device 1 having a substantially triangular shape in side view.
The front part is formed slightly longer than the rear part from the axis of the swinging shaft 36, so that when the rear working machine 25 is mounted on the tractor 15, the running stability and the traction force are increased. ing. However, the horizontal distance from the axis of the swing shaft 36 to the adjustment wheel 3 may be substantially equal to that of the driven wheel 4, or may be longer than shown. The support 8 and the hydraulic cylinder 31 constitute a tension adjusting mechanism 9, and the hydraulic cylinder 31 is provided for each of the right and left crawler traveling devices 1.
And a pair of right and left adjustment wheels 3 is provided, and is connected to the accumulator 44 and the replenishing oil means 45 via a hydraulic pipe.

The hydraulic cylinder 31 has a piston rod 31A.
Is connected to the support 8, the base of the tube 31B is pivotally supported on the upper surface of the track frame 2, and when the piston rod 31A is protruded by the supply of pressure oil, the support 8
Can be swung counterclockwise in FIG. That is, the gas pressure in the accumulator 44 causes the hydraulic cylinder 31
Is provided with a constant oil pressure, so that the support 8
, A counterclockwise urging force acts on the horizontal pin 30, and the urging force is elastic due to the gas pressure in the accumulator 44.

The adjusting wheel 3 is, as shown in FIGS.
The axis of the shaft is located higher than the horizontal pin 30 which is the pivot of the support 8, and the dimension H is higher than the horizontal tangent line L (the inner peripheral surface of the crawler 7) of the idler wheel 5 on the ground side. , And even if the support 8 swings counterclockwise, the axis of the adjustment wheel 3 always exists above the horizontal pin 30. As a result, even if the adjusting wheel 3 rides on a protrusion on the ground or collides with a stone, the adjusting wheel 3 retreats upward and rearward from the lateral pin 30, and even if an impact is applied, the adjusting wheel 3 escapes upward and cushions. It becomes possible to make it work. That is, the tension adjusting mechanism 9 also serves as a buffer mechanism.

The moving direction of the adjusting wheel 3 due to the swing of the support 8 is an arc direction, but since the support 8 is inclined forward and upward, the axis of the drive wheel 6 is viewed from the whole crawler traveling device 1. The movement is substantially in the near-far direction from the center (the rear axle 33), the swing axis of the track frame 2 (the swing axis 36), or the vicinity thereof. That is, the elastic biasing force acts in the far direction (radial direction, radial direction) rather than in the front-back direction movement along the base of the triangle, but in the near-far direction (radial direction) from the center side of the substantially triangular crawler 7. are doing.

Therefore, the moving distance for extending the crawler 7 for adjusting the tension of the adjusting wheel 3 is larger than when moving the adjusting wheel 3 horizontally and moving the lower front vertex of the substantially triangular crawler 7 forward. With a small amount of movement, the crawler 7 can be sufficiently stretched to give an appropriate tension. The replenishing oil means 45 replenishes oil to the hydraulic system from the hydraulic cylinder 31 to the accumulator 44 by pressing the piston 45A with the pressure adjusting bolt 45B.
When the crawler 7 is relatively greatly extended due to long-term use and the piston rod 31A of the hydraulic cylinder 31 protrudes greatly, the gas pressure in the accumulator 44 can be returned to the initial appropriate pressure state by replenishing the oil. Can be made substantially uniform. That is, the replenishing oil means 45 and the accumulator 44 constitute the elastic pressure maintaining means 10.

The replenishing oil means 45 and the accumulator 4
4 is provided in each of the left and right crawler traveling devices 1, but may be common to the left and right, and by using a replenishing oil means 45 in common and using a master cylinder using hydraulic oil,
The structure and installation are simplified, and the operation of the refueling oil and the adjustment of the tension become extremely easy. FIG. 7 shows a first modification of the tension adjusting mechanism 9. The tension adjusting mechanism 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder 31 having one end connected to the track frame 2, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 and the support 8. And the hydraulic cylinder 31
And a replenishing oil means 45 for replenishing the oil.

The spring means 12 pivotally connects the cylindrical body 13 to the support 8, and the spring material 12 and the free end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 are inserted and arranged inside the cylindrical body 13. The tip of the piston rod 31A is in contact with the spring material 11. In this tension adjustment mechanism 9, the spring means 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 31 are held linearly, and the spring material 12 of the spring means 12 absorbs the impact force and elastically urges the adjustment wheel 3 in the far direction. It is. The piston rod 31A of the hydraulic cylinder 31 has no elastic projecting action, but instead constitutes the resilient pressure maintaining means 10 together with the replenishing oil means 45, in which the crawler 7 extends and the adjusting wheel 3 moves far. When the spring material 11 is extended, oil is injected from the replenishing oil means 45 into the hydraulic cylinder 31, the projecting position of the tip of the piston rod 31A is changed, the spring pressure of the spring material 11 is restored, and the tension force is reduced. To the appropriate value.

FIG. 8 shows a second modification of the tension adjusting mechanism 9. The tension adjusting mechanism 9 is such that the accumulator 44 of the embodiment is connected to the left and right crawlers 1 by pipes 48. Thus, the crawlers 7 of the left and right crawler traveling devices 1 can be set to the same tension. In the tension adjusting mechanism 9 of the second modified example, when one crawler 7 of the left and right crawler traveling devices 1 is greatly extended, the accumulator 44 for the other crawler 7 is attached to the accumulator 4 for the other crawler 7.
4 is supplied with pressurized oil, and serves as the elastic pressure maintaining means 10 to prevent the elastic pressure from greatly decreasing. Further, when an impact load is applied to one of the adjusting wheels 3, the impact can be absorbed by the two accumulators 44.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified. For example,
The track frame 2 may be supported by a rear axle 33 so as to be swingable, and may be swung back and forth about the rear axle 33. An adjusting wheel 3 is provided on the rear side of the track frame 2 and a front driven wheel 4 is provided.
May be arranged.

[0027]

According to the present invention described in detail above, the adjustment wheel 3
When the adjusting wheel 3 is moved forward, since it can be moved substantially in the near and far directions from the center side of the crawler 7 such as the driving wheel 6 or the swing axis of the track frame 2 and is urged in the far direction. Rather, the tension adjustment and shock absorption of the crawler 7 can be made more efficient, and the elastic pressure can be maintained properly and easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional rear view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a sectional side view of the tension adjusting mechanism 9.

FIG. 5 is an overall side view of the semi-crawler tractor.

FIG. 6 is a sectional rear view of the same part.

FIG. 7 is a sectional side view showing a first modification of the tension adjusting mechanism 9.

FIG. 8 is a sectional side view showing a second modification of the tension adjusting mechanism 9.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crawler running device 2 Track frame 3 Adjusting wheel 4 Idle wheel 5 Idling wheel 6 Drive wheel 7 Crawler 8 Support 9 Tension adjusting mechanism 10 Resilient pressure maintaining means 11 Spring material 31 Hydraulic cylinder 33 Rear axle 35 Swing support 36 Swing Drive shaft 45 Replenishing oil means

Claims (5)

[Claims] An adjusting wheel for tension adjustment, an idler idler wheel, and an idler wheel intermediate between them are arranged and supported on a track frame in the front-rear direction, and a drive wheel is arranged above the idler wheel;
A crawler is wound around all of these wheels, and a tension adjusting mechanism is provided for enabling the adjusting wheel to move substantially in the near and far directions from the center side of the crawler and for elastically biasing the adjusting wheel in the far direction. A crawler traveling device comprising: 2. A track frame in which a tension adjusting wheel, idler driven wheels, and idler wheels therebetween are arranged and supported in the front-rear direction, and drive wheels are arranged above the idler wheels.
In a crawler traveling device in which a crawler is wound around all these wheels and the track frame is swingable around an axis located parallel to and below the axis of the drive wheels, the adjustment wheels are supported by a support. The support is swingably supported on the track frame so that the adjustment wheel can be moved in the near and near directions with respect to the axis of the drive wheel or the swing axis of the track frame. A tension adjusting mechanism for elastically biasing the adjusting wheel in a far direction, and elastic tension maintaining means provided in the tension adjusting mechanism. 3. The tension adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising: a hydraulic cylinder connecting the support and the track frame; and an accumulator for applying a hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinder to elastically press the adjusting wheel in a far direction. 3. The crawler traveling device according to 2. 4. The tension adjusting mechanism adjusts a hydraulic cylinder having one end connected to one of a support and a track frame, and connecting the other end of the hydraulic cylinder to the other of the support and the track frame. The crawler traveling device according to claim 2, further comprising a spring means for pressing the wheel in a far direction. 5. The crawler travel device according to claim 3, wherein a replenishing oil means for supplying oil for projecting a piston rod is connected to the hydraulic cylinder.