JP2001211770A - Arrangement for producing agricultural irrigative water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject arrangement designed to produce agricultural irrigative water capable of growing plant roots in an extremely favorable environment. SOLUTION: This arrangement has a pressure mixing tank 1 of closed structure, a pump 2 intended for feeding pressurized water into the tank 1 and keeping the pressure inside the tank 1 higher than the atmospheric pressure, and an oxygen feeding machine 3 for feeding the tank 1 with an oxygen-contg. gas. A method for producing agricultural irrigative water comprises the following process: the tank 1 is brought to a pressurized condition and oxygen is dissolved in the water fed thereinto, and the gas not dissolved in the water is discharged off the tank 1, and the resultant high-concentration oxygen water with oxygen dissolved therein is discharged out of the tank 1 as the objective irrigative water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing water used for hydroponics and agricultural land.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Roots of plants grow by the commutation and supply of glucose synthesized during the day and the oxidative reaction between ionized oxygen and oxygen in the rhizosphere. Therefore, it is important to replenish the roots with sufficient oxygen to allow the oxidation reaction to proceed smoothly.

In hydroponics floors and agricultural lands, if too much chemical fertilizer or soil disinfectant is used, the soil balance is lost and microorganisms are drastically reduced. In this state, nitrate nitrogen is changed to nitrite gas and nitrogen gas, and oxygen in the soil is excluded to form a reducible soil, thereby impairing the growth of plant roots. Further, as the reduction in the soil proceeds, hydrogen sulfide and methane gas are generated, causing strong damage to the roots, reducing the autoimmunity of the plant and making it more susceptible to disease. Also, in plants, glucose that could not be digested due to lack of oxygen remains in the roots, nematodes that feed on this sugar breed, and are infected with Fusarium bacteria (bad bacteria) etc. from the wounds, and die and die. .

[0004]

As described above, in the soil that is depleted in soil oxygen and becomes a reducible soil and is out of balance, any organic fertilizer, microbial activator, oxygen supply material,
Even with the use of plant activators, etc., it is not possible to restore a favorable oxidizing soil.

As irrigation used for hydroponics and greenhouses,
Groundwater is the most commonly used, but DO, which indicates the oxygen concentration of groundwater, is extremely low at about 5 ppm.
The growing environment of the plant is bad.

The present invention has been developed to solve this drawback. It is an important object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water that can grow plants in a near-ideal environment with the roots of the plants being an extremely favorable environment.

[0007]

An apparatus for producing irrigation water for agricultural use according to the present invention comprises a pressurized mixing tank 1 having a closed structure, and pressurized water supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1 to enlarge the inside of the pressurized mixing tank 1. Pump 2 that keeps pressure higher than atmospheric pressure
And an oxygen supply device 3 for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the pressurized mixing tank 1. This device dissolves a part of the oxygen contained in the gas supplied by the oxygen supply device 3 into the supplied water inside the pressurized mixing tank 1.
The pressure mixing tank 1 is kept in a pressurized state. This is because the amount of oxygen dissolved in the water in the pressurized mixing tank 1 is proportional to the internal pressure of the pressurized mixing tank 1. The gas that is not dissolved in the water is discharged to the outside from the pressurized mixing tank 1, and the oxygen-dissolved high-concentration oxygen water is taken out of the pressurized mixing tank 1 and used for agricultural irrigation.

A device for supplying gas and water to the pressurized mixing tank 1 through the two-fluid nozzle 4 can efficiently dissolve oxygen contained in gas into water. Pressurized mixing tank 1
The gas vent valve 9 is connected to the upper part, and the gas which is not dissolved in water by the gas vent valve 9 can be discharged to the outside of the pressurized mixing tank 1.

An apparatus including the oxygen supply device 3 including the oxygen generator 5 for separating and separating oxygen contained in air can dissolve oxygen in water more efficiently. This is because the oxygen generator 5 supplies the oxygen selected from the air to the pressurized mixing tank 1 and dissolves the oxygen in the water instead of the nitrogen contained in the air.

Further, the oxygen supply device 3 having the ozone generator 6 for converting oxygen contained in gas into ozone can dissolve ozone in the water of the pressurized mixing tank 1. Ozone is more active than oxygen and is efficiently absorbed by plants. Further, in order to increase the oxygen concentration of the irrigation water, a degassing device 7 for removing gas contained in water is provided on the suction side of the pump 2.
Concatenate. The water degassed by the degassing device 7 becomes more pure water by removing various dissolved gases. Pure water is supplied to the pressure mixing tank 1 to dissolve oxygen.

The irrigation drained from the pressurized mixing tank 1 discharges high-concentration oxygen water having a DO of 10 ppm or more, more preferably high-concentration oxygen water having a DO of 10 to 100 ppm.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the following examples are intended to illustrate an apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify an apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation as follows. .

Further, in this specification, in order to make it easy to understand the claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments will be referred to as “claims” and “ In the column of “means”. However, the members described in the claims are not limited to the members of the embodiments.

The apparatus for producing irrigation water for agriculture shown in FIG. 1 produces irrigation water to be supplied to a hydroponics floor, irrigation water to be supplied to soil in an agricultural greenhouse, and irrigation water to be supplied to a field. The irrigation used for hydroponics grows plants with irrigation supplied while draining excess water without being recycled and reused. Therefore, for watering for hydroponics, it is particularly important to supply water. Greenhouses for agriculture are hardly supplied with rainwater and grow plants only by irrigation, so the quality of irrigation greatly affects the quality of plants. On the other hand, in a field, both rainwater and irrigation are supplied, so that the quality of the plant is not determined only by irrigation. However, rainwater supplied to the fields is not always ideal for plant growth. Therefore, the field is also provided with better irrigation by growing plants,
High quality plants can be grown.

The apparatus for producing irrigation water for agricultural use shown in FIG. 1 has a pressurized mixing tank 1 having a closed structure, and pressurized water supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1 so that the pressure inside the pressurized mixing tank 1 is higher than the atmospheric pressure. The apparatus includes a pump 2 for holding and an oxygen supply device 3 for supplying a gas containing oxygen to the pressurized mixing tank 1.

The pressurized mixing tank 1 is maintained in a pressurized state in order to efficiently dissolve oxygen in supplied water. The pressurized mixing tank 1 is shown in FIGS.
In the pressurized mixing tank 1 shown in these figures, an oxygen supplier 3 and a pump 2 are connected, and a gas containing oxygen is supplied from the oxygen supplier 3 and water is supplied from the pump 2. With the water supplied by the pump 2, the internal pressure of the pressurized mixing tank 1 is maintained at a constant pressure. Further, the pressurized mixing tank 1 is connected with a drain valve 8 for draining irrigation, which is high-concentration oxygen water, and a gas vent valve 9 for discharging gas not dissolved in water to the outside.

The drain valve 8 drains high-concentration oxygen water without lowering the internal pressure of the pressurized mixing tank 1. The drain valve 8 detects the internal pressure of the flow control valve or the throttle valve for limiting the amount of drainage of the irrigation, or the internal pressure of the pressurized mixing tank 1, and opens when the internal pressure becomes higher than the set pressure, and becomes lower than the set pressure. This is a pressure regulating valve that closes. The flow control valve and the throttle valve drain the irrigation water while controlling the drainage amount so that the internal pressure of the pressurized mixing tank 1 does not decrease, in other words, so that the pump 2 does not drain more irrigation water than the supply water amount. .

In practice, the pressure of the pressurized mixing tank 1 is maintained at a predetermined pressure by fixing the flow control valve and the throttle at a predetermined opening. This is because a spiral pump or a turbine pump is used almost without exception as the pump 2 for supplying water to the pressurized mixing tank 1. The discharge characteristic of this type of pump 2 is that the discharge amount decreases as the discharge side pressure increases, and the discharge amount increases as the discharge side pressure decreases. This is because when the pressure is lowered, the pump 2 supplies a larger amount of water to the pressurized mixing tank 1 and the pressure drop is prevented.

The gas vent valve 9 discharges gas accumulated in the upper part of the pressurized mixing tank 1. The gas vent valve 9 connected to the pressurized mixing tank 1 in FIG. 2 is a float valve that opens when gas is supplied and closes when water is supplied. A float valve having this structure is commercially available as a gas vent valve 9. When the gas is supplied and the gas accumulates inside, the liquid level drops and the valve opens. When the gas is discharged and the liquid level rises, the float rises and the valve closes.

The gas vent valve 9 shown in FIG. 3 detects the liquid level of the pressurized mixing tank 1, and opens and discharges gas when the liquid level becomes higher than the set level, and the liquid level becomes lower than the set level. When this happens, the valve closes. Therefore, the gas vent valve 9 discharges gas while maintaining the water level in the pressurized mixing tank 1 constant. Pressurized mixing tank 1 of FIG.
Stores gas containing oxygen in the upper part, and sprays water and oxygen together from a nozzle into the gas. The atomized water sprayed into the gas has a large contact area with oxygen, and oxygen is more efficiently dissolved in water.

The oxygen supply device 3 shown in FIG. 1 includes a compressor 10 for pressurizing air, a dryer 11 for removing moisture contained in the air pressurized by the compressor 10, and
An oxygen generator 5 for separating and separating oxygen from air from which water has been removed and an ozone generator 6 for converting a part of the oxygen separated by the oxygen generator 5 into ozone.

As the oxygen generator 5, a device for separating and separating only oxygen contained in air, preferably a PAS type oxygen generator is used. The oxygen generator 5 can easily obtain high-concentration oxygen having a purity of 95% or more from air.
However, it goes without saying that an oxygen generator other than this method can be used.

The oxygen discharged from the oxygen generator 5 is further partially converted into ozone. Ozone can be generated by providing a discharge electrode in an oxygen passage. The ozone concentration can be controlled by adjusting the discharge voltage and the discharge current. Increasing the discharge current by increasing the discharge voltage converts more oxygen to ozone. The ozone concentration of the air discharged from the ozone generator 6 is preferably 2000 to 60,000 p.
pm. If the ozone concentration is low, the effect of ozone is not expected. If the ozone concentration is too high, the oxidizing power is too strong, and adverse effects such as oxidizing the oxygen passage occur.

The oxygen generator 5 supplies a gas to the pressurized mixing tank 1 in a pressurized state by the pressure of the compressor 10 with a closed circuit from the compressor 10 to the output path of the ozone generator 6. However, as shown in FIG. 3, a device for supplying oxygen and water to the pressurized mixing tank 1 by the two-fluid nozzle 4 can supply the pressurized mixing tank 1 without necessarily pressurizing the gas. This is because the two-fluid nozzle 4 supplies the gas to the pressurized mixing tank 1 while sucking the gas. Therefore, the oxygen generator 5 does not necessarily need to pressurize the gas and supply it to the pressurized mixing tank 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the oxygen supply device 3 having the oxygen generator 5 supplies high-concentration oxygen to the pressurized mixing tank 1 and supplies the oxygen concentration of the irrigation water discharged from the pressurized mixing tank 1. Can be higher. Further, the device that converts a part of the oxygen output from the oxygen generator 5 into ozone and gasifies the ozone into the pressurized mixing tank 1 can discharge irrigation water having more excellent oxidizing power from the pressurized mixing tank 1.

However, the agricultural irrigation production apparatus of the present invention
It is not necessary to provide an oxygen generator and an ozone generator in the oxygen supplier. Air is directly supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1 as shown in FIG. 2 without providing one or both of the oxygen generator and the ozone generator, or as shown in FIG. Can also be supplied to the pressure mixing tank 1 via the This device is suitable for a device for producing a large amount of irrigation at a low cost due to its simple structure, for example, a device for producing irrigation to be supplied to a greenhouse for fields and agriculture.

The pump 2 pressurizes groundwater or tap water and supplies it to the pressurized mixing tank 1. The pump 2 can supply water directly to the pressurized mixing tank 1.
However, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the water supplied to the pump 2 is supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1 after being deaerated by the deaerator 7. The deaerator 7 extracts gas components such as nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide, and methane gas, which are harmful to the roots of the plant, and supplies the deaerated water having extremely enhanced permeation and dissolving activity to the pressurized mixing tank 1. The deaerator 7 sets the DO of the supplied water to 1 ppm or less, for example. This apparatus supplies high-pressure water capable of dissolving more ozone and oxygen to the pressure mixing tank 1.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 3 supplies gas and water together to the pressurized mixing tank 1 through the two-fluid nozzle 4. 2
The fluid nozzle 4 is a nozzle that sprays pressurized water in the form of a mist together with gas, and a large number of such nozzles are commercially available. The two-fluid nozzle 4 includes a type in which the gas is sucked by the suction force of the high-speed flowing water and sprayed together, and a type in which the pressurized water and the compressed air are supplied and sprayed.

A nozzle that suctions and sprays a gas with high-speed flowing water utilizes the property that the pressure of the fluid decreases as the high-speed flowing. The nozzle sucks gas at a negative pressure of water into a portion where the pressure is reduced by high-speed flow, and sprays the sucked gas together with water. The nozzle having this structure has a feature that an unpressurized gas can be supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1.

In the above-described apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water, the oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1 by the oxygen supply device 3.
And the water pressurized by the pump 2 is supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1. The pressurized mixing tank 1
Oxygen is dissolved in the supplied water to obtain high-concentration oxygen water.
Further, the pressurized mixing tank 1 is kept in a pressurized state and drains high-concentration oxygen water. The high-concentration oxygen water discharged from the pressurized mixing tank 1 is supplied as irrigation water to a hydroponic or agricultural greenhouse, or a field. As shown in FIG. 1, a device for supplying oxygen to the pressurized mixing tank 1 by the oxygen supply device 3 including the oxygen generator 5 and the ozone generator 6 preferably indicates the oxygen concentration from the pressurized mixing tank 1. High concentration ozone water having a DO of 10 to 100 ppm and an ozone concentration of 10 ppm or more is drained.

Further, the apparatus for producing irrigation water for agriculture of the present invention may have the structure shown in FIGS. The pressurized mixing tank 1 shown in these figures supplies the gas containing oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply device 3 while mixing it with the water supplied from the pump 2. The pressurized mixing tank 1 is provided with a water and air supply section at a lower portion, and an ejector 12 is arranged in this supply section. Ejector 12
Injects water into the pressurized mixing tank 1 while mixing gas containing oxygen in the form of countless small bubbles into water supplied from the pump 2 to the pressurized mixing tank 1. Oxygen supplied through the ejector becomes innumerable small bubbles, and these bubbles are more efficiently dissolved in water by coming into contact with pressurized water over a larger area. Therefore, the manufacturing apparatus having this structure has a feature that oxygen can be efficiently dissolved to produce high-concentration oxygen water.

Further, the pressurized mixing tank 1 shown in these figures has an ozone reduction catalyst 13
Is arranged. The ozone reduction catalyst 13 reduces ozone contained in the gas discharged from the gas vent valve 9 to oxygen. Therefore, this device has a feature of exhausting into the atmosphere while converting harmful ozone into harmless oxygen.

The apparatus shown in FIG. 4 supplies high-concentration oxygen water drained from the pressurized mixing tank 1 to a cultivation bed for hydroponics, an agricultural greenhouse, or a field as irrigation. The device shown in the figure supplies liquid fertilizer to a drain 14 of high-concentration oxygen water discharged from a drain valve 8. In this device, a liquid fertilizer supply pump 15 is connected to a drainage channel 14,
The liquid fertilizer is supplied to the liquid fertilizer tank 1 through the liquid fertilizer supply pump 15.
6 to the drain 14. The apparatus shown in the figure is provided with a plurality of liquid fertilizer supply pumps 15 and a liquid fertilizer tank 16 so that a plurality of types of liquid fertilizer can be mixed. However, one type of liquid fertilizer may be mixed.

The high-concentration oxygen water mixed with the liquid fertilizer is uniformly mixed in the mixing tank 17. On the discharge side of the mixing tank 17, a concentration sensor 18 is provided. The concentration sensor 18 detects the concentration of the liquid fertilizer into which the liquid fertilizer has been mixed, and outputs this concentration to the controller 19.

The controller 19 includes the density sensor 18
And the liquid fertilizer supply pump 15 is controlled based on the signal from the flow rate sensor 20. The flow sensor 20 is provided on the supply side of the pressurized mixing tank 1 and outputs the amount of water supplied to the pressurized mixing tank 1 to the controller 19. The controller 19 includes the concentration sensor 18
The amount of liquid fertilizer supplied to the drainage channel 14 is calculated from the data input from the flow sensor 20 and the liquid fertilizer supply pump 15.
Is controlled so that the concentration of the discharged liquid fertilizer becomes an optimum value.

The irrigation mixed with liquid fertilizer in the mixing tank 17 is temporarily stored in a dilute liquid fertilizer tank 21, and is supplied from this to a cultivation bed for hydroponic cultivation or an agricultural greenhouse via a supply pump 22. . The irrigation stored in the diluent fertilizer tank 21 is supplied to a cultivation bed or the like via a pipe 23 such as a pipe or a hose. The apparatus shown in FIG. 4 branches a pipe so that irrigation can be supplied to a plurality of cultivation beds. Each of the branched pipes 23 is connected to a cultivation bed via an on-off valve 24. These on-off valves 24 are controlled by, for example, a controller (not shown) to adjust the amount of water supplied to each cultivation bed. The controller controls the on-off valve 24 according to the plant to be cultivated and supplies an appropriate amount of irrigation.

[0037]

The apparatus of the present invention has a feature that it is possible to produce an agricultural irrigation water in which plants can be grown in a near-ideal environment with the plant roots being an extremely favorable environment. For this reason, the feature is realized that plants can be grown in a more ideal state from reduced soil, which has been deficient in soil oxygen, as oxidized soil.

In particular, a device for supplying a gas in which a part of oxygen is ozone to a pressurized mixing tank can have an ozone concentration of 10 ppm or more, and this irrigation can be performed only in the natural world when a lightning strike occurs. With the power of ionized oxygen and radical oxygen, soil microorganisms can be activated to oxidize soil deep into the ground, significantly improving rooting and quickly digesting residual fertilizer to simplify soil EC. And the pH can be stabilized.

Furthermore, the irrigation water obtained by the apparatus of the present invention can contain hydroxy ions (OH ⁻ ), which immediately exerts an effect and has excellent water retention of the soil. The permeation of irrigation is promoted, the vigor of the plant can be increased, and the effect of remarkable reproductive growth of the plant can also be realized by the action of KOH, a potassium fertilizer component.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of a pressurized mixing tank used in the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the pressure mixing tank used in the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is an enlarged sectional view of a pressurized mixing tank of the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pressurized mixing tank 2 ... Pump 3 ... Oxygen feeder 4 ... Two fluid nozzle 5 ... Oxygen generator 6 ... Ozone generator 7 ... Deaerator 8 ... Drain valve 9 ... Gas vent valve 10 ... Compressor 11 ... Dryer 12 ... Ejector 13 ozone reduction catalyst 14 drainage channel 15 liquid fertilizer supply pump 16 liquid fertilizer tank 17 mixing tank 18 concentration sensor 19 controller 20 flow sensor 21 diluent liquid fertilizer tank 22 supply pump 24 on-off valve

Claims (8)

[Claims] A pressure mixing tank having a closed structure (1)
A pump (2) that supplies pressurized water to the pressurized mixing tank (1) to maintain the inside of the pressurized mixing tank (1) at a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure, and an oxygen pump to the pressurized mixing tank (1). An oxygen supply device (3) for supplying a gas containing, inside the pressurized mixing tank (1),
While dissolving a part of the oxygen contained in the gas supplied by the oxygen supply device (3) and maintaining the pressurized mixing tank (1) in a pressurized state, the gas that is not dissolved in water is removed from the pressurized mixing tank (1). ), And the water in which oxygen is dissolved is taken out of the pressurized mixing tank (1). 2. An apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein gas and water are supplied to the pressurized mixing tank (1) via the two-fluid nozzle (4). 3. A pressurized mixing tank (1) is connected to a gas vent valve (9) at an upper part thereof, and a gas which is not dissolved in water by the gas vent valve (9) is supplied to the outside of the pressurized mixing tank (1). The apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water according to claim 1, which discharges water. 4. An oxygen generator (3) comprising an oxygen generator (5) for separating and separating oxygen contained in air,
Pressurized mixing tank for oxygen selected from air in (5)
The apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation according to claim 1, which is supplied to (1). 5. An ozone generator (6), comprising an ozone generator (6) for converting oxygen contained therein into ozone.
The apparatus for producing irrigation water for agricultural use according to claim 1, wherein the ozone discharged from the tank is supplied to a pressurized mixing tank (1) to be dissolved in water. 6. A degassing device (7) for removing gas contained in water is connected to the suction side of the pump (2), and the water degassed by the degassing device (7) is pressurized in a mixing tank. The apparatus for producing irrigation water for agricultural use according to claim 4, which is supplied to (1). 7. The pressurized mixing tank (1) has a DO of 1
The apparatus for producing agricultural irrigation water according to claim 1, wherein the high-concentration oxygen water having a concentration of 0 ppm or more is discharged. 8. A pressurized mixing tank (1) is provided with one DO.
The apparatus for producing irrigation water for agricultural use according to claim 7, wherein the high-concentration oxygen water having a concentration of 0 to 100 ppm is discharged.