JP2001190165A - Cylindrical article for covering and protecting, and method for protecting planted seedling from its damage by animal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cylindrical article which is lightweight and can prevent the damage of a planted seedling by an animal without inhibiting the growth of the seedling. SOLUTION: A cylindrical article is formed from a fabric or nonwoven fabric of polyester fibers or polyolefin fibers. The method for protecting a planted seedling comprises covering the seedling with the cylindrical article and then fixing the cylindrical article to a support whose tip is flexible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to covering protection for protecting planted seedlings from herbivorous wild mammals such as rats, hares, sika deer, and sika deer, which damage crops, especially forestry seedlings, for more than three years. The present invention relates to a tubular material for use and a method for covering and protecting a seedling using the tubular material for covering and protecting the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is important for afforestation business to protect the seedlings from damage by rats, hares, Japanese serows, sika deer, etc. after planting in forestry and to perform sound afforestation. As the number of beasts increases and the damage of the sika deer, whose primary habitat is planted, increases, the extent of damage increases, the age of the trees affected by the plantation changes to larger trees, and the period of food damage also increases. It has changed to be longer.

As a method of protecting crops, particularly forestry seedlings, from herbivorous wild mammals, there has been an enclosure of a planting area with deer (boar) fences or nets since ancient times, and individual seedlings are covered with boards or tubes made of various materials. A method of covering with a net or the like, a method of applying or spraying a repellent which the animal dislikes have also been performed. Recently, new materials have been used to cover these plantations and cover individual seedlings, and they have been cut into animals by putting them in nets or thin steel wires made of synthetic resin such as nylon and tetron. Various methods using various materials have been tried, such as the use of a net made of hardened forested areas and the covering of seedlings using a synthetic resin plate such as a vinyl chloride plate or a polypropylene plate.

[0004] Registered Utility Model No. 3009585,
In Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-46322, a method of mixing a repellent component such as cycloheximide or asphalt into a fabric such as soup, human silk, or synthetic fiber is disclosed in 7-25704
Discloses a method of combining a biodegradable plastic with a repellent and the like, and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-10651 discloses a protective cover for saplings with a foot that can be inserted into soil with a perforated cylinder.

[0005]

While the problem of pest damage caused by pests is frequent, the method of fencing afforestation sites can prevent almost all large animals such as sika deer from damage by installing higher and stronger fences. It has little effect on problems such as trouble and small and medium-sized beasts such as rats and hares, and simple fences with nets can reduce costs, but they are not so effective on rats and hares, and are simple. However, there is also a problem that the interval between maintenance and inspections must be shortened due to the necessity of preventing other animals from being trapped by entanglement in the net.

[0006] As a method of protecting all of the seedlings from the pests, there are treatment with repellents and covering with single trees. In the case of treatment with chemical repellents against sika deer, the remaining effect period is at most about six months. In addition, if the seedlings begin to grow in the spring after the treatment, it will be necessary to treat the repellent twice or more a year due to basic problems such as no repellent removal attached to the newly grown parts. However, the labor costs and other expenses required for it also increase, and three years after planting the growth point of sika deer is no longer a problem, the height of the seedlings is 120 ~
There is a problem that the repellent treatment needs to be repeated 5 to 6 times before growing to 150 cm.

[0007] Saplings have been protected for a long time, and may be covered with a metal plate such as bamboo, a board, or a galvanized sheet, or a wire mesh. However, there are many problems such as the weight and bulk of the material and the labor for transportation and installation. It was not used in large quantities because most of the installation sites were forested afforestation sites in inconvenient locations in the mountains.

[0008] In order to reduce the weight of the seedling covering,
There have also been methods of using tubular nets such as net bags for putting seed rice or similar large nets over the seedling tip, but the growth of the seedlings was not accompanied by the size of the net, or the net was enlarged. In such cases, problems such as the size and length of the supporting columns and the like also occurred, and even including the labor for installation required a great deal of effort and did not spread widely.

[0009] The method of planting a tangerine net-like tubular net, which was once widely spread, and covering it with seedlings after planting was also able to cope with the attack of rats and hares immediately after planting. In afforestation sites, such as cedar and cypress, which generally grow more than 1 m per year, the size of the net is not enough. There was a problem that the seedlings were easily covered with vines, and it was not an effective method for controlling antelope and sika deer.

[0010] Registered utility model No. 3009585;
The method of coating with a hard resin tubular material described in 0-327865 is also used because the hard resin plate is used in a tubular shape, so that the bulk of the structure is large, and the support rod for fixing is also used. Strength is required, and the installed structure is not affected by the strong wind, so that it is easily damaged. In addition, since it is a rigid tube, its thickness is limited, and the seedlings planted at the installation site must be housed in a tube while squeezing by hand each time, which is troublesome to work, long-term use in a sunny forest area outdoors Because it is covered with a plate-like structure that is not made of a suitable material and has poor air permeability, there are also problems such as the seedlings being moistened and not growing normally, and the stage has not yet reached a satisfactory stage.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-46322 describes a method of mixing a repellent component such as cycloheximide or asphalt into a fabric such as soup, human silk or synthetic fiber.
A method of combining a biodegradable plastic described in US Pat. No. 25704 with a repellent, a protective cover for saplings with foot that can be inserted into soil with a perforated cylinder described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 61-10651, and a sika deer etc. No mention is made of the size of the material that can be used to prevent food damage and the most important problem of material deterioration that can be expected from the length of use, and it is actually a seedling covering that can be used for a long period of three years in the field. There is nothing to reach.

It is said that planted seedlings having a trunk length of 40 to 60 cm grow to about 1.5 m in three years, and it is said that sika deer hardly causes any damage to the growing point, and the performance required for the covering is considered. 1.5m in height
In consideration of the extension of the lower branch of the seedling, the extension of the lower part must have a minimum radius of about 30 cm around the trunk, preferably have ventilation and block the light less than half. Is required to be durable enough to withstand severe conditions such as storms and strong sunlight under outdoor natural conditions, and furthermore, it is required to be lightweight, have a small number of parts for installation, and have little trouble in installation.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a tubular material for covering a seedling capable of solving these problems and to provide a method for covering and protecting a seedling using the tubular material.

[0014]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have repeated various studies on this point, and have conducted installation tests in outdoor afforestation areas. As a result, among polyester and polyolefin fibers, particularly polyethylene terephthalate-based polyester fibers, polyethylene or polypropylene. We found that fabrics using fibers, non-woven fabrics, and non-woven fabrics with nets have durability of more than three years in outdoor afforested land.

Further, the present inventors have found that in order to prevent the normal growth of the seedlings by preventing the light transmission from being less than 50%, the light-permeable and air-permeable cloth or non-woven cloth per unit area is required. Weight (weight per unit area) is 150 g / m ²
The following was found to be good.

[0016] Furthermore, since it is mainly used on a mountain, it is desired to reduce the weight as much as possible.
It has been found that a basis weight of 30 g / m ² or more is desirable.

The size of the tubular material for covering with cloth or nonwoven fabric, which is suitable for protecting the sika deer from the damage of the sika deer for a long period of time, depends on the properties of the seedlings such as cedar and cypress, especially the amount of growth, and The diameter is 20 to 45 cm, the diameter at the top is 10 to 23 cm, and the height is 10
0 to 180 cm, preferably about 150 cm, and the size and shape of the cylindrical object are preferably a truncated cone having a thickness that can easily store seedlings or a cylindrical cylinder having a thickness that can easily store seedlings. This size must be adjusted according to the expected growth of the seedlings and seedlings.

As a method for producing a tubular article, it can be produced by sewing, fusing or bonding a cut cloth or nonwoven fabric.

As an installation method for holding a cylindrical object having a length of 1.5 m in a cylindrical shape for a long period of time, as shown in FIG. And one or more cylindrical members must be fixed to the support bar at one or more locations in a straight line to maintain the uprightness of the tube. Further, the skirt of the tubular material must be fixed to the ground independently of the seedlings, with the seedlings placed in the cylinder. By fixing the tube and the seedling independently, the rod and the tube swing in synchronization with the wind, and the base amplitude of the support rod inserted into the ground is minimized, especially in strong winds. It has been found that it has an endurance effect. If only one support rod is used, the bottom of the tubular material and the seedlings may be wrapped or entangled.
It became clear that it had to be fixed to the ground at more than points.

The cylindrical member made of the cloth or non-woven fabric having the above-mentioned shape is supported by a support rod, and in some cases, is kept intact under natural conditions such as a typhoon that tends to reach a wind speed of 50 m or snow covered with the whole. In order to add, it goes without saying that the support rod is fixed to the ground, but the rod itself must have flexibility at the tip and recovery from upright. 0.5cm at the tip of a 100cm long rod fixed at the root
When a weight of kg is attached, a bar having a bend whose amplitude width from the horizontal is 10 to 80 cm, preferably 50 to 70 cm at the tip is suitable.

As the material of the rod, a wooden rod having a tapered tip,
Bamboo, rods made of glass fiber reinforced resin or carbon fiber reinforced resin can be suitably used.

In order to cope with the prevention of food damage mainly by sika deer, it must be installed outdoors for a long period of three years. However, when the material of the cylindrical material is made of polyester or polyolefin fiber cloth or nonwoven fabric, In particular, it can have durability against ultraviolet rays, and by having air permeability, the length of seedlings due to excessive greenhouse effect can be suppressed to a certain degree or more, and it has an effect of making seedlings grow healthy.

Further, planted seedlings that are directly exposed to the field are susceptible to so-called cold wind damage, such as branch blight caused by winter dry cold wind in the first year of planting. Since it does not receive the cold wind and the base soil where the seedlings are planted is covered, it is effective in preventing the soil from drying out, and has an effect of protecting against such cold wind damage.

Further, when the cylindrical object was installed in a cypress plantation near the coast, not only did the sika deer and the moss have 100% of the effect of preventing harmful damage, but also in the case of uncoated cypress, the effect of the wind blowing was constant. Suppress the occurrence of dead seedlings and keep the root in a certain direction due to wind (mountain side)
Exhibiting the effect of suppressing the occurrence of bends to the trees, it is hoped that this plantation will solve the problem that bends due to wind from the seedlings will not be able to be used from the roots. I was

Furthermore, a polyester according to the invention,
It was confirmed that covering all the seedlings with a cloth made of polyolefin fiber or a non-woven cloth made of a non-woven cloth would provide almost 100% of the damage prevention effect over a long period of three years. It was confirmed that even if one artificial object was installed in several seedlings, it was effective to a certain degree, even if it was not applied to all the seedlings planted and planted. Inferred.

In the seedling-covered tubular article according to the present invention, sika deer,. Not only is the effect of the Japanese serow detrimental to the damage, but also the root of the seedling can be covered, so that it has the effect of protecting against the damage of small and medium-sized herbivores such as hares and rats by a single installation for a long time.

[0027] Compared with conventional commercially available cylinders for covering planted seedlings, the weight and size are reduced, the number of parts used is small,
It has the effect of increasing the efficiency by more than 5 times in the total weight of the transportation and the labor of installation by simplifying the installation work.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings based on production examples and examples.

(Production Example 1) Polyester cloth having a basis weight of 112 g / m ² (trade name: Tropical, a product of Toray Industries, Inc.)
Is overlapped with two rectangular cloths cut to 52 cm x 150 cm, and both sides of the long side are sewn with a seam allowance of 1 cm and a diameter of 32 cm
Was made.

(Production Example 2) Non-woven fabric of polyester spun bond having a basis weight of 50 g / m ² (trade name: VALCOMPO HP)
6050G, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.)
m, a trapezoidal non-woven fabric cut to a height of 52 cm and a height of 150 cm was overlapped, and both sides were sewn with a seam allowance of 1 cm to prepare a truncated conical cylindrical article having an upper diameter of 16 cm and a lower diameter of 32 cm.

(Production Example 3) A nonwoven fabric of polyethylene fiber having a basis weight of 50 g / m ² (trade name: Warif, manufactured by Nisseki Plast Co., Ltd.) was 52 cm on the upper side and 102 c on the lower side.
m, a trapezoidal nonwoven fabric cut to a height of 150 cm was folded and sewn with a seam allowance of 1 cm to prepare a frustoconical cylindrical article having an upper diameter of 16 cm and a lower diameter of 32 cm.

(Example 1) In a cypress plantation planted with 3,000 trees per hectare, the cylindrical tube-shaped material prepared in Production Example 1 was replaced with every other half of the seedlings as shown in the installation example shown in FIG. It was installed in. That is, a cylindrical cylindrical object is put on a planted cypress seedling (a seedling grown in a nursery for three years, a height of 30 to 40 cm), and is inserted into the side of the seedling by 60 cm and fixed so as not to move, with an original diameter of 3.5 cm. And a wire rod having a tip diameter of 1 cm and a length of 2.1 m was fixed at two upper and lower positions with wires. The hem of the tubular object was expanded with a support and two pegs and fixed to the ground.

After being set aside for 3 years after installation, the uncovered seedlings showed only some damage by sika deer and hare, and the coated seedlings did not have any damage, and the average tree height exceeded 1.6 m. The effect of showing above average growth as a plantation area was recognized.

In the adjacent afforestation area without simultaneous afforestation, sika deer mainly damages needles and needles frequently and stops growing, resulting in so-called bonsai-like seedlings, which must be replanted. .

(Example 2) The place where the cylindrical tubular material prepared in Production Example 1 was set in every other half of the seedlings in Example 1 was set in all the seedlings, and the others were set in Example 1. The same was done. After standing for three years after installation, all the seedlings were free from sika deer and hare, and the average tree height exceeded 1.6 m, showing an effect of showing above-average growth as a plantation.

(Embodiment 3) The Japanese cedar seedlings of the cedar plantation were planted with the rod of the first embodiment in the form of an FRP hollow pole having a diameter of 7.5 mm [trade name: Danpol P (maru 75 × 40), product of Ube Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd.] ], The frustoconical cylindrical object created in Production Example 2 was installed in the same manner as in Example 1, and it was a completely buried forest due to snow in winter. In addition, not only was not infested by Japanese serows and hares, but also showed an effect of being protected from cold wind damage and cold snow damage by coating, and showed an increase in elongation and growth by as much as 50% compared to uncoated seedlings.

(Embodiment 4) Using the pole of Embodiment 3 on the cedar seedlings of a cedar plantation, the frustoconical tubular article prepared in Production Example 3 was installed in the same manner as in Example 1. The forest was completely buried in the winter due to snow cover, but there was no serious damage for three years, and there was no damage to the seedlings by Japanese serows and hares. , Indicating an increase in elongation and growth of as much as 50% compared to the uncoated seedling.

[0038]

According to the present invention, since a cylindrical body is made of a polyester or polyolefin cloth or non-woven fabric, the weight is reduced, workability in mountainous areas is improved, and a rod made of the cylindrical body is used as a support. By doing so, it was possible to prevent unexpected damage to the pests without inhibiting the growth of the seedlings for as long as three years.

[0039]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of an example of installation of a tubular object.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. 3. A support rod that is flexible Fixing point 2. 4. Cylindrical object Seedlings 3. Peg 6. Ground

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A tubular material for protecting the covering of a seedling obtained by sewing, fusing or bonding a cloth or nonwoven cloth of polyester or polyolefin fiber. 2. A tubular material for covering and protecting seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical material is a truncated cone having a size and a shape easy to store seedlings or a cylindrical tube easy to store seedlings. 3. A polyester or polyolefin fiber cloth or nonwoven fabric having a weight per unit area of 30 to 150.
The tubular material for covering and protecting a seedling according to claim 1 or ^2, which is g / m2. 4. A rod for protecting a seedling covering according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is fixed in a straight line from the base to the tip of the tube. A method of coating seedlings and protecting them from animal damage. 5. When the rod formed at the tip has a weight of 0.5 kg attached to the tip of a 100 cm long rod fixed at the root, the amplitude width from the horizontal is 10 to 80 cm, preferably 50 to 50 cm. 5. The method of coating a seedling according to claim 4, wherein said rod is a 70 cm stick and protects it from animal damage.