JP2001174554A - Wind observation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problems of the conventional Doppler air speedometer measuring the wind speed right above the device, having no two-dimensional extent, and requiring a large number of devices for a necessary range, if obtaining two-dimensional data. SOLUTION: A wind profiler 22 is installed in a two-dimensional wind observation range 21 of Doppler radar 20 which is so constituted as sending/receiving radio wave and observing the wind, the wind profiler 22 performs the wind observation in the installation position, and wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated based on the wind observation data 24 by the wind profiler 22 so that two-dimensional and three-dimensional wind observations are accurately performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind observation system for observing a two-dimensional and three-dimensional distribution of wind in weather observation, airport monitoring and atmospheric observation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a phased array type Doppler anemometer disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-197549, which can measure the distribution of wind just above the apparatus. It is. In the figure, 1 is 1
A phased array antenna composed of 6 × 16 = 256 transducers, a transmission / reception circuit 2 connected to the phased array antenna 1, and a controller 3 for transmitting / receiving information to / from the phased array antenna 1 via the transmission / reception circuit 2. . The transmission / reception circuit 2 includes a control logic 4, a power amplifier 5, a transmission / reception switch 6, a preamplifier 7, a mixer 8, a bandpass filter 9, a variable gain amplifier 10 whose gain increases with time, and a detector 11.
The detection of the Doppler shift amount is performed by a combination of the simple homodyne method and FFT (fast Fourier transform). The controller 3 is a CPU 1
4, ROM / RAM 15, device input / output circuit 16, A
It comprises a / D conversion circuit 17, an input interface 18, and an output interface circuit 19.

Next, the operation of the conventional device will be described. The phased array antenna 1 has a frequency of 2100H
In accordance with a command from the CPU 14 in the controller 3, a sharp beam having a power of about 1000 watts and a half-width of about 10 ° is emitted in the zenith direction or in an obliquely upward direction inclined at about 20 ° from the zenith direction. Normally, a zenith direction and two orthogonal directions in a horizontal plane inclined from the zenith direction (4
Direction) is adopted. That is, the center of the phased array type transducer is set at the origin O
And the orthogonal coordinates (x, x) consisting of the vertical line z and the horizontal plane xy
y, z), the x direction is the east-west direction, and the y direction is the north-south direction. Then, the measured values of the wind velocities in the zenith direction, diagonally above east, diagonally above west, diagonally above north and diagonally above south are obtained. It is possible to obtain the wind distribution from these measurements.

[0004]

The conventional Doppler anemometer measures the wind speed just above the apparatus, and does not have a two-dimensional spread, but can obtain only point data. Therefore, in order to obtain two-dimensional data, it is necessary to install a considerable number of units in a necessary area.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a wind observation system capable of performing two-dimensional and three-dimensional wind observations and obtaining highly accurate data. The purpose is to get.

[0006]

In a wind observation system according to the present invention, a Doppler radar configured to transmit and receive radio waves to observe a wind within an observation range, and to be disposed within the observation range of the Doppler radar. And a wind observation device configured to perform a wind observation at the arrangement position and calibrate the wind observation data by the Doppler radar using the wind observation data of the wind observation device.

[0007] The wind observation device is a wind profiler. The wind observer is a sonde.

[0008] Further, the wind observer is a wind profiler and a sonde. Further, the calibration unit compares the wind observation data of the wind observation device with the wind observation data of the Doppler radar corresponding to the position where the wind observation device is arranged, and calculates a correction coefficient. And a correction unit that corrects wind observation data by Doppler radar using the correction coefficient calculated by the above.

[0009] In addition, the wind observation device is provided with a plurality of wind observation devices each having a responsible area, the comparison unit calculates a correction coefficient for each wind observation device, and the correction unit operates for each wind observation device. The correction is performed for each assigned range by the calculated correction coefficient.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1
Conventional Doppler anemometers use the Doppler radar's observation capabilities to observe a wide range of winds that require multiple devices, and locally attach a Doppler anemometer wind profiler to places that require more detailed observations. And calibrated the wind observation data of Doppler radar using the wind observation data of the wind profiler.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
This will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
It is a figure which shows the wind observation system according to. In the figure, 2
0 is a Doppler radar that transmits a radio wave, receives its reflected wave, and observes a wind in a wide observation range from the Doppler shift amount, 21 is an observation range having a diameter of about 100 km of the Doppler radar 20, and 22 is within the observation range 21. The wind profiler is installed and measures the vertical profile (distribution) of the wind speed in the zenith direction and the wind direction at the installation position. It reflects the radio waves emitted from the ground and observes the vertical distribution of the wind from the Doppler effect of the reflected radio waves. The observation range in this case is about 2 km in diameter, and observation is possible in a rainy state and a fine weather state. Reference numeral 23 denotes wind observation data obtained by the Doppler radar 20, and reference numeral 24 denotes wind observation data obtained by the wind profiler 22.

In the first embodiment, the Doppler radar 20
In addition to obtaining a two-dimensional wind distribution, a plurality of wind profilers 22 are installed within the observation range 21 of the Doppler radar 20, and the wind profiler 22 also observes the wind, thereby observing the wind of the Doppler radar 20. Data 23 is calibrated. That is, the wind observation data 23 from the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated by the wind observation data 24 from the wind profiler 22. As a result, calibrated two-dimensional wind observation data is obtained. The wind profiler 22 is effective if it is installed in a place where the flow of wind changes due to the terrain or the like, or in a place where more detailed observation is required.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing calibration of the wind observation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 2
0 and 22 are the same as those in FIG. 25
Is the wind observation data 24 of the wind profiler 22,
A wind observation data comparator 26, which is a comparison unit that calculates an error of the wind observation data 23 by comparing the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 corresponding to the installation position of the wind profiler and calculates a correction coefficient from the error. Is a wind observation data corrector which is a correction unit for correcting the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 using the correction coefficient calculated by the wind observation data comparator.
Together with a calibration unit.

Next, the operation will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the observation range 21 is obtained by the Doppler radar 20.
Observe the internal wind conditions. At this time, Doppler radar 2
At 0, only components in the radiation direction of radio waves can be observed, so a method of estimating wind in that range under the assumption that the wind is uniform within a certain range is usually adopted. You. In this case, the estimated wind may include an error depending on how the range is set and the actual wind condition. For this reason, a plurality of wind profilers 22 are installed in the observation range 21 of the Doppler radar 20, and the wind is observed in parallel. As a result, the wind profiler 22 uses the wind observation data 2
4 is obtained. Since the wind observation data 24 is not the component in the radiation direction of the radio wave but the actual wind direction and wind speed, the above-described error does not occur.

The wind observation data 23 from the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated using the wind observation data 24. That is, the wind observation data 24 at the installation position of the wind profiler 22 is considered as the true wind direction and wind speed at that position, and the wind observation data comparator 25 calculates an error from the true value of the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20. . As a result of this calculation, a correction value of, for example, a wind speed difference of 10 m / s and a wind direction difference of 10 degrees is obtained. Further, a correction coefficient is calculated from the obtained correction value, and the wind observation data corrector 26 corrects the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 other than the installation position of the wind profiler 22 by using the calculated correction coefficient. By doing so, the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated.

In addition, a plurality of wind profilers 22
Is installed, the assigned range of each wind profiler 22 is determined, a correction coefficient is determined for each wind profiler 22, and the Doppler radar 2 is calculated based on the correction coefficient calculated in each assigned range.
If the wind observation data 23 of 0 is corrected, more detailed correction can be performed. As a result, it is possible to obtain two-dimensional wind observation data with calibrated errors.

Although the above description has been given of the case where two-dimensional wind observation data is obtained, three-dimensional wind observation data can be obtained as follows. That is, since the wind profiler 22 can obtain a vertical profile of the wind, the same operation as described above is performed at each altitude to obtain wind observation data. On the other hand, the Doppler radar 20 can generate data at each constant altitude from the obtained wind observation data, so that wind observation data at each altitude can be easily obtained. Therefore, by calibrating the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 with the wind observation data 24 of the wind profiler 22 for each altitude, three-dimensional wind observation data can be obtained.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, more accurate wind observation data can be obtained than the wind observation data of the Doppler radar 20 alone. There is an effect that it can be performed in three dimensions and three dimensions.

Embodiment 2 In the first embodiment, the wind observation data 2 by the wind profiler 22 is used to calibrate the wind observation data 23 by the Doppler radar 20.
4 was used, but it is not limited to the wind profiler as long as it is a wind observer that can obtain the actual wind direction and wind speed.
The same effect can be obtained by using a sonde.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wind observation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 20, 2
Reference numerals 1 and 23 are the same as those in FIG. 27
Is a sonde located within the observation range 21 of the Doppler radar 20. A meteorological instrument and a small radio transmitter are suspended from a balloon and lifted up. Is transmitted wirelessly to the ground. 28
Is wind observation data obtained by the sonde 27.

In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated using the wind observation data 28 obtained by the sonde 27.

In the wind observation system configured as described above, the two-dimensional wind observation data 23 obtained by the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated by using the wind observation data 28 obtained by the sonde 27, so that the error is calibrated to the two-dimensional wind observation data 23. Three-dimensional wind observation data can be obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG. The third embodiment is for calibrating the wind observation data 23 by the Doppler radar 20.
Both the wind profiler 22 and the sonde 27 are used. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a wind observation system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the figure, 20 to 2
3 is the same as that in FIG. 1, and 27 and 28 are the same as those in FIG.

In the same manner as in the first embodiment, the wind observation data 23 of the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated using the wind observation data of the wind profilers 22 and the sondes 27 installed in plurals.

In the wind observation system configured as described above, the two-dimensional wind observation data 23 by the Doppler radar 20 is calibrated by using the wind observation data 24 by the wind profiler 22 and the wind observation data 28 by the sonde 27. , Two-dimensional and three-dimensional wind observation data with calibrated errors can be obtained.

As the Doppler radar 20 used in the first to third embodiments, a general weather Doppler radar having a C band (4000 to 8000 MHz) or more can be used in a rainy state. . When the weather is fine, the S band (2000 to 4000) is used.
MHz) and observe the wind using Doppler radar below.

[0027]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. A Doppler radar configured to transmit and receive radio waves to observe the wind within the observation range, and a wind observer arranged within the observation range of the Doppler radar and configured to perform wind observation at the arrangement position , The wind observation data of the Doppler radar is calibrated using the wind observation data of the wind observer, so that the two-dimensional and three-dimensional wind observation data can be obtained with high accuracy, and the observation accuracy can be obtained using the existing Doppler radar. Can be improved.

A wind profiler can be used as a wind observer to calibrate wind observation data of a Doppler radar. In addition, using a sonde as a wind observation device, wind observation data of a Doppler radar can be calibrated.

Further, the wind observation data of the Doppler radar can be calibrated by using a wind profiler and a sonde as a wind observation device. Further, the calibration unit compares the wind observation data of the wind observation device with the wind observation data of the Doppler radar corresponding to the position where the wind observation device is arranged, and calculates a correction coefficient. Has a correction unit that corrects the wind observation data by the Doppler radar using the correction coefficient calculated by the above. Therefore, the wind observation data by the Doppler radar can be calibrated by using the correction coefficient.

In addition, the wind observing device is provided with a plurality of wind observing devices each having a responsible area. The comparing unit calculates a correction coefficient for each wind observing device, and the correcting unit operates for each wind observing device. Since the correction is performed for each assigned range using the calculated correction coefficient, more accurate calibration can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a wind observation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing calibration of the wind observation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a wind observation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a wind observation system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional phased array Doppler anemometer.

[Explanation of symbols]

20 Doppler radar, 21 observation range, 22 wind profiler, 23, 24, 28 wind observation data, 25 wind observation data comparator, 26 wind observation data corrector, 27 sonde.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A Doppler radar configured to transmit and receive radio waves to observe wind in an observation range, and a wind arranged in the observation range of the Doppler radar and configured to perform wind observation at an arrangement position. What is claimed is: 1. A wind observation system, comprising: an observation unit; 2. The wind observation system according to claim 1, wherein the wind observation device is a wind profiler. 3. The wind observation system according to claim 1, wherein the wind observation device is a sonde. 4. The wind observation system according to claim 1, wherein the wind observation device is a wind profiler and a sonde. 5. A comparing unit for comparing a wind observation data of the wind observation device with a wind observation data of a Doppler radar corresponding to a position where the wind observation device is arranged, and calculating a correction coefficient. 5. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a correction unit configured to correct wind observation data obtained by Doppler radar using the correction coefficient calculated by the comparison unit.
A wind observation system according to any one of the preceding claims. 6. A wind observation device is provided with a plurality of wind observation devices each having a responsible range, a comparison unit calculates a correction coefficient for each wind observation device, and a correction unit for each of the wind observation devices. 6. The wind observation system according to claim 5, wherein the correction is performed for each of the assigned ranges by using the calculated correction coefficient.