JP2001173137A - Left-in-place-formwork - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a member offering good weldability between a net body and a steel member at the time of manufacturing and, on the other hand, offering the functions of both the formwork and wall material for other concrete structures and also provide good function even for a use merely as a wall material. SOLUTION: A metallic net body 2 is embedded inside a plate-shaped formwork member 1 and, in a left-in-place-formwork where a steel member 3 is adhered to the net body 2 and framed to a square shape, a portion of the formwork member 1 is exposed from the side of the rear surface 1b, and the steel member 3 is a flat steel and a number of holes 3b are drilled at least to the exposed side surfaces 3a of the whole periphery frame to a square shape, and the bottom end of the steel member 3 is adhered to the net body.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a concrete retaining wall, a sabo dam, a bridge pier, and the like, which is used as a formwork when casting concrete, and the surface of a concrete structure after casting concrete. And a remaining formwork that remains as a wall plate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, concrete retaining walls, sabo dams,
When constructing a structure such as a pier, it is used as a formwork when casting concrete, and remains on the surface of the structure after solidification due to ease of construction, beautiful surface finish, and harmony with the environment. As a wall material to be attached, a remaining formwork having both functions is used. As the remaining formwork, a plate made of resin concrete or special silica cement generally having a natural stone-like appearance is often used. On the back side of the form member, a dowel, a net-like body, a channel member or the like is attached so that it can be connected to a fixture for holding the space between the form member and a counter member opposed at a predetermined distance. In the case of a dowel or mesh attached to the back surface of the form member, the fixing of the form member is unstable during construction of the form member, and it is difficult to secure the parallelism of the form member. There is a problem that cracks and peeling are easily caused.

[0003] In the case of a channel member attached to the back surface of the form member, since the channel member is buried flush with the back surface of the form member, the inside of the channel member becomes a bag-like shape. When the concrete was poured, it was difficult for the concrete to sufficiently flow into the interior of the channel, and the concrete was easily peeled off. Therefore, when a channel is used, it is required to have a strong bonding property between the form member and the cast concrete, or an easy connection with a fixing tool at the time of forming the form. And direction was a problem.

[0004] For this reason, the inventor of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 9 (1999) -19764 as a remaining formwork in which the formwork member is firmly bonded to the concrete to be cast, does not peel off after the work and can be easily performed. -26083, Japanese Patent Application No. 9-26084
No. has just been proposed. This structure is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 11, a metal mesh (2) is buried inside a concrete plate-shaped form member (1) as shown in FIG. 11, and a square is formed on the back surface (1b) of the form member (1). A channel member (31) having a U-shaped cross section and fixed to the mesh body (2), the opening (32) of the channel member (31) is directed inward in FIG. 10, and in FIG. This is a remaining formwork which is directed outward and has a decorative portion provided on the surface (1a) of the formwork member (1) and a sealing groove (11) formed all around the side surface. . This configuration has achieved a certain purpose.

[0005]

However, as a result of further research and development by the present inventor, since the channel member (31) is a channel steel having a U-shaped cross section, some of the following problems have been encountered. Had. When the channel member (31) is fixed to the wire netting (2), the channel member (31) comes into surface contact with the network (2), and heat is generated in spot welding for mass production. Easily escapes to the channel (31), making arc welding difficult. That is, even if multi-point welding is performed at a time using a plate-like electrode, heat can easily escape, so that perfect spot welding cannot be performed and the welding strength is low. Therefore, partial arc welding was performed. Also, when the remaining formwork is used also on the upper surface of the concrete structure,
Concrete is laid with a certain thickness, and the remaining formwork is laid on the non-solidified concrete surface. At this time, the channel (31) must be pushed into the concrete, and the channel (31) If the exposed portion is bent into an L-shape, resistance will be added to the pushing, and even if it is pushed, the concrete will not turn enough inside the bent channel (31), and a space is likely to be formed. And the remaining mold were not good in binding. In particular, since the mold member (1) is always laid on the upper surface of the concrete structure for a material other than the concrete material, there is such a problem. Further, when manufacturing the remaining formwork, the concrete formwork member (1) is formed into a molding die as a quick demolding method.
The concrete of the north lamp is put in and pressed by a pressing plate while applying vibration from above. If the channel member (31) is bent during this pressing, the pressing plate hits and hinders. In other words, the concrete in the bent area cannot be pressed and is not pressed uniformly, so that it is difficult to use the North Lamp concrete. Further, impact resistance or erosion resistance is required depending on the installation environment of the concrete structure, but there has been a problem that the concrete type frame member (1) cannot cope with it.

The present invention improves the weldability of a metal net (2) and a steel material (3) when manufacturing the residual formwork of the present invention, and at the same time, molds a concrete structure at the time of casting concrete. It is an object of the present invention to provide a remaining formwork that can be used as a frame, that can be laid as a wall material even after casting, has good construction, and can sufficiently cope with the installation environment of a concrete structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a concrete type frame member (1) in which the steel material (3) does not hinder the use of the north lamp concrete, and the production time is greatly reduced. It is to provide a residual formwork of a possible structure.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, a metal mesh (2) is provided inside a plate-shaped form member (1). A steel material (3) embedded and fixed to the mesh body (2) and framed in a rectangular shape is partially exposed from the back surface (1b) side of the mold member (1). 3) is flat steel, a large number of holes (3b) are drilled in at least the exposed side surface (3a) of the entire periphery of the square frame, and the lower end of the steel material (3) is connected to the net (2). ).

[0009] The form member (1) is made of concrete. This concrete type is a type used for most concrete structures because it is easy to integrate with a concrete structure, has a low unit price, is easy to construct, and is used.

[0010] The mold member (1) is made of rubber. As a result, the impact resistance becomes extremely high even when rocks or driftwood hit concrete structures such as rivers or sabo dams.

The mold member (1) is made of a synthetic resin. If this synthetic resin is used, the installation environment of the concrete structure is strongly acidic or strongly alkaline, such as a strongly acidic river,
Alternatively, even a strong alkaline hot spring or the like is preferable because the surface of the structure can be prevented from being eroded.

The mesh (2) is a wire mesh. Particularly, expanded metal is preferable.

The exposed side surface (3a) of the steel material (3)
It is advisable to drill a number of small holes (3c) in the hole. When forming the frame member (1), the adjacent frame members (1) can be easily connected by bolts and nuts using the connection holes (3c), which is convenient.

The holes (3b) are formed in upper and lower two rows in the width direction of the steel material (3), and at least a part of the lower rows of holes (3b) is formed inside the mold member (1). It is preferable to bury it. Thereby, the form member (1) and the mesh body (2)
And also enhances the bonding with the structure and serves as an air escape during concrete casting.

The steel material (3) has,
A reinforcing plate (4) fixed to the mesh body (2) and partially exposed from the back (1b) side of the form member (1).
Is preferably fixed. With this reinforcing plate (4),
The strength of the entire structure can be increased for a long or large area form member (1), and the structure can be connected well to the cast concrete.

The reinforcing plate (4) is preferably provided with a hole (4a) at an exposed portion thereof. Thereby, the bonding property of the structure with the cast concrete is enhanced, and the function of the air escape is achieved.

The reticulated body (2) and the steel material (3) are
It is preferable to apply a double coat cationic electrodeposition coating on the surface. By this coating, a strong coating film is formed and the rust prevention effect is high, which is preferable. It is also preferable to apply the same coating to the reinforcing plate (4).

[0018]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are perspective views showing respective embodiments showing a net and a steel material of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment showing a net-like body, a steel material, and a reinforcing plate of the present invention. 7 and 8 are cross-sectional views showing the relationship between a hole formed in a steel material of the present invention and a mold member, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a method of framing according to the present invention. 10 and 11 are cross-sectional views showing the structure of a main part of a conventional product.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, (1) is a frame member formed in a rectangular plate shape with a constant thickness and area. The material is concrete, rubber or synthetic resin. The material will be described.

[0020] First, concrete-based materials which are often used for ordinary concrete structures, such as those obtained by appropriately kneading and mixing ordinary cement, water and aggregate, or simply resin concrete or special silica cement The cured concrete is impregnated and polymerized with a low-viscosity vinyl polymer, or the concrete is mixed with short metal fibers and cured, and the low-viscosity vinyl-based polymer is impregnated and polymerized into the mold. A member (1) having significantly improved durability and mechanical strength may be used. In addition, the surface (1a) of the mold member (1) is usually given a natural stone-like makeup finish in order to improve the appearance. However, the makeup finish may not be provided depending on the place of use. Furthermore, a sealing groove (1c) may be formed on the entire side surface of the mold member (1). The groove (1c) was fitted to prevent the concrete to be poured from leaking from the overlapped portion of the form member (1) when the form member (1) was stacked as a concrete form. A caulking agent is injected into the groove (1c) to seal. Accordingly, by providing the groove (1c), the caulking agent can be reliably inserted and completely sealed, and the poured concrete does not flow out of the joint of the formed frame member (1). There is no risk of the surface (1a) of the member (1) being soiled by the concrete to be cast.

Next, the rubber type is used in a special case for concrete structures. For example, when the soil or the rock is strongly applied from the upstream such as a sabo dam, the concrete type is immediately destroyed. Used where Therefore, rubbers are required to have performance such as impact resistance, weather resistance, and wear resistance. Therefore, any material may be used as long as it satisfies these properties, for example, hard urethane rubber or rubber used for tires is preferable.

Further, the synthetic resin system is used when the place where the concrete structure is installed is exposed to a strongly acidic or strongly alkaline substance, and particularly when the water quality of a river exhibits a strong acidity or a volcanic gas in a hot spring area. It is when exposed. Therefore, as the synthetic resin, any resin that can withstand strong acidity or strong alkalinity and has weather resistance may be used, for example, vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc., or those obtained by subjecting them to acid and alkali resistance treatment. It is.

(2) is a metal net which is entirely buried inside the frame member (1), and the net (2) is for reinforcing the frame member (1). . Further, as the net-like body (2), a surface-treated wire mesh, a perforated wire mesh plate or a wire in which a number of reinforcing rods are arranged or assembled are used,
In particular, expanded metal is preferably used because of its unique mesh shape, in terms of strength, bondability with the frame member (1), and low cost. As the surface treatment of the reticulated body (2), plating treatment, painting treatment, or the like is performed. At this time, when a double coat cationic electrodeposition coating is applied, the rust prevention effect is extremely high, which is particularly preferable. The double-coat cationic electrodeposition coating is a coating method in which the conventional cationic electrodeposition is performed twice, and the conventional one-time cationic electrodeposition coating determines the smoothness of the coated surface of the object to be coated. This is a coating method for improving the anticorrosion property and the smoothness of the coated surface of the edge portion because the coating of the edge portion is not performed well. That is, in the first electrodeposition, the function of only the anticorrosive property of the edge portion is provided, and the resulting reduction in the smoothness of the coating surface is intended to be covered by the second electrodeposition. In this double-coated cationic electrodeposition coating, when the reticulated body (2) is an expanded metal, the edges are particularly large. Enhance.

(3) is a steel material which is formed by using thin flat steels, four of which are arranged in a square shape having side surfaces (3a) and which are welded. The size of the steel material (3) is proportional to the size of the plane of the mold member (1), and when the steel frame (3) is drawn into the inside of the outer periphery of the mold member (1) by about 4 to 6 cm, It is preferable for strength and connection of the form member (1).

The lower end of the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3) is fixed to the mesh body (2). For this fixing, spot welding is most suitable for mass production. In this spot welding, the contact point between the mesh body (2) and the steel material (3) is not one side like the conventional U-shaped channel steel,
Because of the line contact, heat does not easily escape at the time of welding, and projection welding using a plate-like electrode becomes possible, thereby shortening welding work and increasing welding strength.

Further, substantially half of the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3) is exposed from the back surface (1b) of the form member (1) over the entire circumference. Therefore, substantially half below the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3) is buried in the form member (1) together with the mesh body (2).

The exposed side surface (3a) of the steel material (3)
At least a number of holes (3b) are drilled all around. In the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 7, round holes (3b) are formed in a row at equal intervals over the entire circumference of the side surface (3a). This hole (3b) is usually a round hole, but may be a square hole, an elliptical hole, or an appropriately deformed hole. By providing this hole (3b), even if the steel material (3) is flat steel, the cast concrete of the structure enters the hole (3b) and the formwork member (1)
It is well connected to the structure and also serves as an air escape when the structure is cast into concrete.

In the sixth aspect, as shown in FIG. 3, the steel material (3) has a side surface (3
In a), a number of small holes (3c) are formed in addition to the holes (3b). When the small hole (3c) is used to frame the form member (1),
It is more convenient to connect and fix the adjacent form members (1) with connecting members, bolts and nuts or the like using the small holes (3c). Therefore, the inside diameter of the small hole (3c) may be any size as long as the bolt can be inserted, and usually 4 mm to 12 mm.
It is about. The small hole (3c) is the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3).
The small holes (3c) are exposed from the back surface (1b) of the mold member (1) together with the holes (3b). In the case where only the hole (3b) is formed in the exposed portion of the steel material (3), it is preferable that the hole (3b) is larger than the small hole (3c). Then, the form member (1) can be connected and fixed by using the hole (3b). However, since the heads of the bolts and nuts pass through the hole (3b), they are fixed using washers. Therefore, it is more convenient and workable to have a small hole (3c) for connecting and fixing as in the present embodiment of FIG.

In claim 7, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 8,
The holes (3b) are formed in two rows in the vertical direction over the entire periphery of the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3). This top and bottom 2
In the rows of holes (3b), the upper rows of holes (3b) are exposed from the mold member (1), and the lower rows of holes (3b) are at least partially embedded in the mold member (1). In this embedding state, it is preferable that substantially half of the lower row of holes (3b) is buried, but the entire lower row of holes (3b) may be buried. As a result, the form member (1) enters into the lower row of holes (3b), so that the bonding between the form member (1) and the steel material (3) is improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, two rows of holes (3b) are formed in the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3), and small holes (3c) are formed in the side surface (3a).
In Fig. 3, the one drilled by adding a lower row of holes (3b) to the side surface (3a) of the steel material (3)
This is more convenient because a small hole (3c) for connection can be used as compared with that of FIG.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral (4) denotes a reinforcing plate fixed to the inside of a steel material (3) framed in a square shape, for reinforcing the form member (1). This reinforcing plate (4)
Is usually made of flat steel, and the lower end is fixed to the mesh body (2). One piece is placed inside the steel material (3), but depending on the size and length of the form member (1). The shape may be appropriately increased, and the shape is not limited to flat steel, and any shape that matches the reinforcement may be used. Further, a hole (4a) similar to the hole (3b) formed in the steel material (3) is formed in the reinforcing plate (4). This has the advantage that the form member (1) is further reinforced, the overall strength is increased, and the bonding property of the structure to the cast concrete is enhanced.

Further, the metal part of the present invention, that is, the reticulated body
(2) The steel material (3) and the reinforcing plate (4) are preferably subjected to a surface treatment, in particular, a double coat cationic electrodeposition coating, which has a very high rust-proofing effect against concrete alkalinity.

Next, the framework method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 9, the form member (1) is
An example of connecting and fixing the upper and lower mold members (1) is shown in a stacked state, and as an example, a cross-sectional U-shape is formed between the approaching and facing steel materials (3) of the upper and lower mold members (1). Shaped connecting member
(5) is inserted and the connecting member (5) is inserted through the hole (3b) of the steel material (3).
Insert a bolt (6) penetrating through and fix it with a nut (7). Although not shown, the form member (1) thus stacked and connected and fixed is supported in position by a separator, a tension support rod, or the like connected to the connection member (5).
In addition, in order to support this position, in addition to the connecting member (5), the separator (3) and the small supporting holes (3c) not used for connection are connected to the separator and the tension support rod, etc. You can also.

[0033]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the mesh member (2) and the steel member (3) come into line contact with each other, and spot welding can be easily performed to fix the two members. In other words, it is possible to perform spot welding of multi-point welding at a time by using the plate-like electrode, to enhance the weldability, and to firmly adhere.

Since the steel material (3) is a flat steel,
The residual formwork of the present invention can be used for both the formwork and the wall material on the side surface of the concrete structure, and the upper surface of the same structure after the concrete has been cast is solidified. Concrete is laid at a constant height, and the flat steel material (3) exposed on the concrete surface is pushed without resistance, and the concrete easily adheres to the side surface (3a) of the pushed steel material (3). Furthermore, since the hole (3b) is formed in the steel material (3), it has a strong adhesion to concrete, so it is not used as a formwork. The frame member (1) is firmly fixed.

When the form member (1) is rubber, the concrete structure has improved impact resistance. On the other hand, when the form member (1) is synthetic resin, it has acid resistance and alkali resistance. Has the property that is not eroded and cannot be obtained with concrete.

Further, when the form member (1) is of a concrete type, when the remaining form of the present invention is manufactured, even if concrete is poured, the net-like body is formed from the portion where the steel material (3) is buried.
(2) The cast concrete aggregate (gravel) is sufficiently wrapped around the outside of the steel material (3) that has been framed under the frame, and the strength of the formwork member (1) outside the frame is maintained and is uniform throughout. The mold member (1) having high strength can be formed, and countless fine cracks can be prevented from being generated on the outer periphery thereof. Further, in the quick-release method using the concrete of the north lamp, since the steel material (3) is not bent as in the prior art, even if the pressing plate of the quick-release device comes down from above, it does not become an obstacle, Can be pressed all over the surface, and a quick de-construction method can be performed, thereby greatly improving workability.

When the frame is formed using the remaining formwork of the present invention, the conventional steel material (3) is a U-shaped channel steel having a U-shaped cross section. In the invention, the steel material (3) is a flat steel and does not have a hook portion. However, since the steel material (3) has a large number of holes (3b) and small holes (3c), the holes (3b) are formed. And can be easily connected and fixed using the small hole (3c).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a mesh body and a steel material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the mesh body and the steel material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the mesh body and the steel material of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the mesh body and the steel material of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a mesh body, a steel material, and a reinforcing plate of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a hole and a form member drilled in the steel material of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing another hole and a form member drilled in the steel material of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a framework method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a conventional remaining formwork.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing another conventional remaining formwork.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Form member 1a Front surface 1b Back surface 2 Reticulated body 3 Steel 3a Side surface 3b hole 3c Small hole 4 Reinforcement plate 4a hole

Claims (10)

[Claims] A steel material (3) having a metal frame (2) embedded in a plate-shaped mold member (1), fixed to the network (2), and framed in a square shape, In the remaining formwork partly exposed from the back surface (1b) side of the formwork member (1), the steel material (3) is a flat steel, and at least the exposed side surface (3a) of the entire perimeter framed in a square shape. A plurality of holes (3b), and a lower end of the steel material (3) is fixed to the mesh body (2). 2. The remaining formwork according to claim 1, wherein the formwork member is concrete. 3. The remaining formwork according to claim 1, wherein the formwork member (1) is made of rubber. 4. The remaining formwork according to claim 1, wherein the formwork member (1) is made of a synthetic resin. 5. The mesh (2) is a wire mesh.
The remaining formwork of 1, 2, 3 or 4. 6. A small number of small holes (3c) are formed in the exposed side surface (3a) of the steel material (3).
Or the remaining formwork according to 4. 7. The hole (3b) is formed in two rows in the upper and lower direction in the width direction of the steel material (3), and at least a part of the hole (3b) in the lower row is formed in the form member (1). The residual formwork according to claim 1 or 6, which is buried inside of (1). 8. A reinforcing plate (3) in which the steel material (3) is fixed to the net-like body (2) inside the framed part and partially exposed from the back surface (1b) side of the form member (1). 4)
The residual formwork according to claim 1 or 6, wherein 9. The remaining formwork of claim 8, wherein the reinforcing plate (4) has a hole (4a) drilled in an exposed portion thereof. 10. The net (2) and the steel (3)
The residual formwork according to claim 1 or 8, wherein a double-coated cationic electrodeposition coating is applied to the surface.