JP2001157595A - Method for production of hydrogen - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the generation amount of hydrogen at a low cost and thoroughly generate hydrogen even from an organic material containing cellulose as a component. SOLUTION: This method for production of hydrogen by generating hydrogen from the organic material comprises a charging process for charging the organic material and a microorganism-charging process for charging a microorganism belonging to the genus Clostridium. In this production process, a stirring process for stirring the organic material in order to promote the reactive decomposition is involved. In the case hydrogen is generated from the organic material containing cellulose as a component, a microorganism-recharging process for charging the microorganism belonging to the genus Clostridium again at the point of time when it is recognized that the reaction settled is further contained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen by using a microorganism to generate hydrogen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various hydrogen production methods using microorganisms have been known. In addition, there are unexpectedly many hydrogen-producing microorganisms in the natural world, except for the amount of hydrogen produced, and various types are used. Specifically, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-7
In Japanese Patent No. 5588, hydrogen is produced by contacting organic wastewater with sludge compost using anaerobic microorganisms in sludge compost.

[0003] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-218469 discloses a technique for measuring the amount of generated hydrogen gas.
Anaerobic Clostridium, rhodosvirium, a photosynthetic bacterium, and the like are shown as microorganisms for producing the hydrogen gas. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-49884 discloses that Rhodopseudomonas pulse of photosynthetic bacteria and squirrel R-R.
A technique for generating hydrogen from anaerobic treatment after anaerobic treatment of a sugar waste liquid discharged from a food factory or the like using one strain is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-69989 discloses that Vibrio flubiaris capable of supplying starch as a nutrient and producing a starch-forming and organic acid, and rhodobium capable of producing an organic acid and producing hydrogen. -A technique for culturing a symbiotic group of bacteria that harmonized with marinam to generate hydrogen is disclosed. Further, JP-A-11-130402 discloses a method for producing hydrogen using indigenous microorganisms attached to collected plants and nutrients and substrates of the collected plants.

[0005] Also, "Water and wastewater" in 1994 (Vo
l. 36 No. 3, 37-44P), there is a paper published by one of the inventors of the present application as one of the collaborators, "Waste treatment and hydrogen production by hydrogen-producing bacteria isolated from termites". Non-photosynthetic microorganisms, especially anaerobic Clostridium (Clostrid), are used to treat waste and recover hydrogen, because the reaction rate of hydrogen fermentation is high and an underground immersion fermenter can be used.
It has been shown to be better to use bacteria of the genus ium).

[0006] In this paper, Clostridium beigerineki, a strain producing the largest amount of hydrogen among the hydrogen-producing bacteria isolated from termites, is described.
FIG. 2 shows data of hydrogen production from various sugars (glucose, starch, etc.) using beijerinckii). In addition, this paper discloses the effect of the culture temperature and the pH of the culture solution on the hydrogen production as data.

[0007]

According to the conventional hydrogen production methods disclosed in the above publications, the amount of generated hydrogen is not so large, and is not suitable for practical use. That is, for the production of hydrogen, expensive industrial enzymes and additives are used and time is required, so that the overall cost is increased. In addition, according to the method for producing hydrogen using photosynthetic bacteria, a large area is required to perform photosynthesis satisfactorily, and the device itself becomes large.
There is also a problem.

[0008] In addition, there is also a problem that the decomposition of microorganisms does not proceed efficiently unless industrial enzymes or additives are used for starch alone. Also, when degrading cellulose, there is also a problem that microorganisms cannot completely degrade it.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen production method which is low in cost and generates a large amount of hydrogen. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrogen that can generate hydrogen satisfactorily even with an organic material containing cellulose as a component.

[0010]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen from an organic material, comprising: a charging step of charging an organic material; A microorganism input step of inputting a microorganism of the genus, and a reaction step of reacting the organic material with the microorganism to generate hydrogen, and during the reaction step, the organic material and the organic material are used to promote reaction and decomposition. And a stirring step of stirring the microorganisms.

In another invention, the organic material is selected from the group consisting of starchy materials, green vegetables, root vegetables, fruits, cereals, livestock guts, livestock blood, fish ash, and scallops. At least one selected from.

Further, another invention comprises a stirring step of stirring the organic materials before, after, or before or after the microorganism input step, when a plurality of materials having different components are selected as the organic materials. I have.

Still another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrogen from an organic material, in which a starch material, a vegetable and a vegetable, and a starch are used in order to obtain the same effect as when an enzyme for promoting a reaction is introduced. It is a mixture of at least two different organic materials with different components, such as a material and scallops.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing hydrogen from an organic material containing cellulose as a component. In the hydrogen production method, there is provided a charging step of charging an organic material, and a first microorganism charging step of charging a microorganism of the genus Clostridium. After the first microorganism charging step, when it is recognized that the reaction has converged, a re-microbial charging step of charging the microorganism of the genus Clostridium again, and stirring both to promote the reaction and decomposition of the organic material and the microorganism. And a stirring step.

Further, in another invention, in addition to the above-described hydrogen production method, even after the re-microbial charging step, the re-microbial charging step is repeatedly performed until the decomposition of the organic material progresses.

Further, in addition to the above-described invention, another invention further comprises a stirring step of stirring the organic material after the re-microbial charging step after the first microorganism charging step.

Further, in addition to the above-mentioned inventions, another invention further comprises an enzyme input step of inputting an enzyme at least after the first microorganism input step or the re-microorganism input step.

[0018] Further, other inventions include, in addition to the above-described inventions,
At least a part of the stirring means used in the stirring step is provided with a magnetic material or a porous adsorbing member.

Further, in another invention, in addition to the above-mentioned inventions, immediately after the introduction of the organic material or immediately after the introduction of the microorganism, the pressure in the container into which each material is introduced is set to a very slight negative pressure.

As a result of taking the above-described measures, the following operation occurs. By adding a microorganism of the genus Clostridium and stirring it together with the organic material, the effect of preventing supersaturation of the generated hydrogen is also obtained, and the amount of hydrogen generated by decomposition and reaction of the organic material is smaller than that of the conventional method. Increase significantly. Further, since hydrogen can be generated without adding an industrial enzyme, hydrogen can be generated at low cost. Therefore, it is the most suitable method for practical use from the viewpoint of a large amount of generated hydrogen and cost.

The organic material is selected from at least one of starchy materials, green vegetables, root vegetables, fruits, grains, livestock offal, livestock blood, fish ash, and scallops. And hydrogen can be generated by these decomposition.

In the case where a plurality of organic materials having different components are selected from among the above, before the step of adding microorganisms, or
By providing a stirring step of stirring these organic materials later or before or after, the respective organic materials are appropriately mixed, the reaction is promoted, and more hydrogen can be obtained.

Further, as the organic material, for example, a mixture of at least two or more different organic materials having different components such as starchy materials and green vegetables, and starchy materials and scallops, are used to mix microorganisms of the genus Clostridium. If you put it,
Organic materials such as vegetables and vegetables serve as enzymes for promoting the reaction, and the reaction is promoted as compared with the case of starch material alone.

Further, by injecting a microorganism of the genus Clostridium once after the reaction has converged, cellulose can be completely decomposed, and it is possible to obtain more hydrogen from an organic material containing cellulose, which has been difficult in the past. Become. In addition, the re-input of the microorganism of the genus Clostridium causes the peak of hydrogen generation to reappear, and by repeating this, the organic material can be more completely decomposed.

By stirring the organic material after the microorganism input step and the re-microorganism input step, the reaction is further promoted and more hydrogen can be generated. In addition, when at least one of the first microorganism input step and the re-microorganism input step is provided with an enzyme input step of inputting an enzyme, the decomposition reaction is further promoted.

Further, by providing a magnetic material or a porous porous adsorbing member in at least a part of the stirring means used in the stirring step, it is possible to prevent the metal such as mercury existing in the organic material which hinders the decomposition and the reaction. Objects and copy toner components can be captured without diffusing, and decomposition and reaction hindrance can be prevented. Furthermore, the anaerobicity is increased and the reaction inside the container is further promoted by setting the pressure in the container to a slightly negative pressure immediately after the introduction of the organic material or the microorganism.

[0027]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS (First Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the cracking / hydrogen production apparatus of the present invention. In this figure, a hydrogen production device 1 has a reaction vessel 2. The reaction vessel 2 is provided with a microorganism inlet 3 for introducing microorganisms. Further, a material input port 4 for inputting a material for hydrogen production is provided.
Further, a hydrogen outlet 5 for discharging hydrogen produced in the reaction vessel 2 is provided.

A suction means such as a vacuum pump is connected to the reaction vessel 2 so that the inside of the reaction vessel 2 can be set to a negative pressure. Further, fins 7 are provided inside the reaction vessel 2. The fins 7 serve to stir the organic material charged into the reaction vessel 2 and promote the reaction. As an example of the fin 7, in order to be able to stir up, down, left and right evenly, for example, in the case of the fin 7 having two blades, one of the fins 7 is provided so as to be inclined obliquely upward from the center line. One blade is provided so as to be inclined obliquely downward from the center line.

However, the fins 7 may have any shape as long as the inside of the reaction vessel 2 can be stirred well. Although the fins 7 are made of stainless steel in this embodiment, the fins 7 may be made of a magnetic material or a multi-porous adsorptive member such as ceramic. With such a material, when a metal such as mercury or a toner for copying is mixed in the organic material put in the reaction container 2, it is possible to capture the metal without diffusing it. The stirring may be performed by, for example, rocking the entire reaction vessel 2 or rotating the entire reaction vessel 2 in addition to the stirring with the fins 7. Further, a motor 8 directly connected to the fin 7 is provided below the reaction vessel 2.

Outside the reaction vessel 2, a monitoring device 9 for monitoring the state of the reaction inside the reaction vessel 2 is provided. The monitoring device 9 monitors the reaction time, the temperature and the pH during the progress of the reaction, and constantly calculates the reaction time. Further, the monitoring device 9 is capable of transmitting the fact that the reaction has converged to the outside by using means such as a buzzer or a lamp.

A method for producing hydrogen using the hydrogen production apparatus 1 as described above will be described below.

First, an organic material is charged into the reaction vessel 2. The organic material used here is, for example, a mixture of starchy materials such as potatoes and green vegetables such as cabbage, cereals such as corn core, and one of the wastes of scallops. And the internal organs of livestock. However, the above-described organic materials are examples, and other than these, it is possible to use vegetable organic materials such as vegetable waste or animal organic materials such as animal waste.

When decomposing a starchy material,
The reaction may proceed by itself, but if you mix different organic materials with different ingredients, such as starchy materials and green vegetables or scallops, these green vegetables and scallops will be enzymes , Which results in an accelerated reaction. Thus, combining different materials of different types, instead of the same materials, is preferable for promoting the reaction.

After or before introducing these organic materials, microorganisms of the genus Clostridium, which is an anaerobic bacterium, are introduced. The microorganisms belonging to the genus Clostridium include, for example, Clostridium beigerineki (Clostridiu).
m beijerinkii) AM21B strain (literature; Journal of Fermenta
tion and Bioengineering 73: 244-245,1992) and Clostridium sp (Clostridium sp.) No. 2 strain (literature; C
anadian Journal of Microbiology 40: 228-233,199
4) or Clostridium sp.
X53 strain (literature; Journal of Fermentation and Bioengine
ering 81: 178-180, 1996). However, the microorganism of the genus Clostridium is not limited to this, and various other strains can be applied.

After the microorganism of the genus Clostridium is charged, the inside of the reaction vessel 2 may be suctioned by a pump or the like to make a slight negative pressure (negative pressure). In this case, the reaction is further accelerated. Further, the pH inside the reaction vessel 2 may be adjusted. In this case, the pH is adjusted to 4.0 to 8.8.
It is desirable to set it to 0.

Then, while adjusting the temperature inside the reaction vessel 2 to a predetermined temperature, the motor 8 is operated to rotate the fins 7 inside the reaction vessel 2 to stir the microorganisms and the organic material. Thereby, even if hydrogen is generated and accumulated by the reaction and decomposition of the organic material below the reaction vessel 2, it is possible to favorably proceed with the reaction and decomposition without creating a partial supersaturated state. .

When the temperature inside the reaction vessel 2 is in the range of 25 ° C. to 45 ° C., the reaction proceeds moderately. However, in consideration of the growth of microorganisms and the amount of generated hydrogen, it is preferably 30 ° C. to 42 ° C. It is better to adjust by degrees.

The hydrogen generated by the reaction due to the decomposition of the organic material is discharged from the hydrogen discharge port 5 and stored in a hydrogen storage part provided outside such as a hydrogen storage alloy or a gas cylinder.
Alternatively, hydrogen may be immediately introduced into the combustion chamber and burned as energy. Furthermore, it may be connected to a fuel cell and used for power generation.

When the reaction has converged, the monitoring device 9 senses this and stops the stirring operation of the fins 7. Then, for example, a buzzer, a lamp, or a display unit notifies the outside that the reaction has converged.

FIG. 2 shows an example of the relationship obtained as knowledge between the reaction time and the amount of generated hydrogen.
The horizontal axis in FIG. 2 is the reaction time, and the vertical axis is the amount of generated hydrogen. Although there are different aspects depending on the organic material selected, the amount of hydrogen generated rapidly increases in about 2 to 4 hours from the start of the reaction, and the amount of hydrogen generated reaches a peak in about 5 to 8 hours. The amount of hydrogen generation is slowly decreasing.

From this relationship, it is possible to automatically stop the stirring operation of the fins 7 at the end of the reaction by detecting what and how much has been inserted by the monitoring device 9 or by setting in advance. Become. As described above, the production of hydrogen is performed.

Next, the experimental results of this embodiment will be described below. This experiment was performed based on an experimental device in which the device of FIG. 1 was downsized.

First, preculture of a microorganism of the genus Clostridium used in the reaction experiment was performed. This pre-cultivation method has 30
P containing 0.1% glucose in a 0 ml Erlenmeyer flask
The bacteria were inoculated into 100 ml of Y medium and cultured overnight in an anaerobic glove box (manufactured by Homer, USA, format 1024) at 37 ° C. Here, the composition of the PY liquid medium is 1 liter of water.
10g peptone, 5g yeast extract, 500mg L-cyst
ein · HCl, 8mg CaCl, 8mg MgSO4, 40mg KH2
It contains PO4, 400 mg of NaHCO3, 80 mg of NaCl, and does not contain a carbon source.

Next, it was confirmed by the following procedure whether hydrogen could be generated from the pre-cultured one. First, 900 ml of the substrate solution and 100 ml of the precultured bacterial solution were placed in a 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask.
Was added, and a rubber stopper equipped with an outlet for the generated gas, an inlet for a pH controller, an inlet for a NaOH solution for pH adjustment, and the like was provided. Then, the mixture was kept warm in a thermostat at 37 ° C. and stirred.

The gas generated by these methods is 10% Na
The gas from which carbon dioxide had been removed through the OH solution was collected in a graduated cylinder by the water displacement method and quantified. From the analysis by high-speed gas chromatography and the explosion sound of the combustion test, it was confirmed that the generated gas was hydrogen gas.

Based on the above results, experimental results according to the present invention will be described in order.

Experimental result 1: Potato

10 g of starch was added to 900 ml of PY liquid medium (containing no sugar), and 100 ml of a bacterial solution of Clostridium beijerinkii AM21B was mixed and stirred at 37 ° C. Insulation start 2
After about 3 hours, generation of hydrogen gas was observed in the form of bubbles,
After an hour, the amount of hydrogen generated per hour is the highest (450 m
l) has been reached. And the total amount of hydrogen generated in 24 hours is 3
000 ml.

Experimental result 2: In the case of banana

10 g of banana (3 g as reducing sugar) emulsified with a mixer was transferred to an Erlenmeyer flask containing 900 ml of deionized water, and the mixture was mixed with Clostridium sp (Clostrid).
iumsp.) 100 ml of the precultured bacterial solution of No. 2 strain was added thereto, followed by stirring at 37 ° C. 2 hours after the start of the heat retention, generation of fine bubble-like hydrogen gas was recognized, and after 5 to 6 hours, the amount of hydrogen generated per hour reached the maximum value (550 ml). And 2
The total amount of hydrogen generated in 4 hours was 1500 ml.

Experimental Example 3 In the case of green vegetables

200 g of spinach was added to purified water, and the mixture was stirred with a mixer to make a juice. Subsequently, the volume was increased to 900 ml by adding purified water, and Clostridium beijerinky (Clostridium beijerin) precultured thereto was added thereto.
kii) 100 ml of AM21B strain was mixed and stirred at 37 ° C. The generation of hydrogen gas was observed 3 to 4 hours after the start of the heat retention, and the amount of hydrogen generated per hour reached the maximum value (385 ml) after 5 to 6 hours. Then, the total amount of hydrogen generated in 24 hours was 2000 ml.

Experimental Example 4: Corn Corn Core

The corn core was pulverized with a mixer and dried. Subsequently, Clostridium pre-cultured in 900 ml of PY liquid medium containing 3 g% of dried corn core
100 ml of a bacterial solution of sp (Clostridium sp.) F53 strain was mixed, and the mixture was stirred while maintaining the pH of the culture solution at pH 6.0 and the culture temperature at 40 ° C. Generation of hydrogen gas was observed in the form of bubbles 3 hours after the start of the heat retention, and the amount of hydrogen generated per hour reached the maximum value (350 ml) after 7 hours. Then, the amount of generated hydrogen in 24 hours was 1200 ml.

Experimental Example 5: Case of Scallop

100 g of scallops were lightly chopped with a mixer, and purified water was added to make 900 ml. Then, the pre-cultured Clostridium Weigerin key (Clostr
idium beijerinkii) 100 ml of AM21B strain was mixed and stirred at 37 ° C. Generation of hydrogen gas was recognized 3 hours after the start of the heat retention, and the amount of hydrogen generated per hour reached the maximum value (298 ml) 7 to 8 hours later. And 24
The total amount of hydrogen generated per hour was 980 ml.

Experimental Example 6: In the case of a mixture of potatoes and green vegetables

900m containing only 20% spinach juice
1 g of starch is added to the aqueous solution, and Clostridium beijerinkii AM21 is added.
100 ml of the preculture of the B strain was mixed and stirred at 37 ° C. Generation of hydrogen gas was observed 3 to 4 hours after the start of stirring, and the amount of hydrogen generated per hour reached the maximum value (400 ml) after 7 to 8 hours. Then, the total amount of hydrogen generated in 24 hours was 3850 ml.

Experimental Example 7: Mixed waste of plant and animal

[0061] Scallop 50g and spinach 200
g was added to make a juice with a mixer, and the volume was increased by adding purified water to 900 ml. And Clostridium
Bayerinki (Clostridium beijerinkii) AM21B
100 ml of a precultured bacterial solution of the strain was mixed and stirred at 37 ° C. The generation of hydrogen gas was observed 3 to 4 hours after the start of the heat retention, and the amount of hydrogen generated per hour reached the maximum value (350 ml) after 6 to 8 hours. Then, the total amount of generated hydrogen in 24 hours was 2500 ml.

From the above experimental results, in the hydrogen production method of the present embodiment, the amount of generated hydrogen is much larger than in the conventional hydrogen production method, and a plurality of different components of organic compounds are used. By mixing the materials, it is possible to generate hydrogen at low cost because industrial enzymes and additives are not required. Also, when generating hydrogen, no fossil fuel such as petroleum or natural gas is used, and no extra carbon dioxide is generated. In other words, among the methods capable of producing hydrogen cleanly, the method is most suitable for practical use because of the large amount of hydrogen generated.

Further, as compared with the case where photosynthetic bacteria are used, there is an advantage that the hydrogen production apparatus 1 does not need to be enlarged.

(Second Embodiment)

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the configuration of the hydrogen production apparatus used in the second embodiment is the same as the configuration described in the first embodiment.

In the hydrogen production method described in the present embodiment, first, an organic material containing cellulose as a component is charged into the reaction vessel 2. This organic material is, for example, paper waste pulverized by a shredder or the like, chips, wood chips, or the like. Thereafter, a microorganism of the genus Clostridium is introduced. In addition,
Also in the present embodiment, the inside of the reaction vessel 2 may be made slightly negative pressure after the microorganism of the genus Clostridium is charged. Also, after putting the microorganism of the genus Clostridium,
An organic material containing cellulose as a component may be added.

Thereafter, the fins 7 are activated to stir the organic material. Accordingly, the monitoring device 9 calculates the reaction time from the amount and material of the organic material. In addition, the measurement of the reaction time is started.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship obtained as knowledge on the reaction time and the amount of generated hydrogen of the organic material containing cellulose as a component. When the reaction time reaches the time when the reaction converges by the measurement of the reaction time by the monitoring device 9, the microorganism of the genus Clostridium is introduced again. And again fin 7
Is operated to stir the organic material. The negative pressure may be used at the time of this re-injection.

This operation is repeated a required number of times to completely decompose the organic material. When the reaction converges, the monitoring device 9 senses this and stops the fin 7 stirring operation. In general, the organic material is completely decomposed by injecting the microorganism twice or three times.

In the present embodiment, the reaction proceeds without adding an enzyme such as an industrial enzyme, but it is preferable to add an industrial enzyme in order to further increase the amount of hydrogen generated. In particular, the introduction of the industrial enzyme during the second and subsequent reactions has a greater effect than during the first reaction.

Regarding the experimental results of the above hydrogen production method,
This will be described below. In this experiment, an experimental apparatus obtained by reducing the size of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used.

Experimental Example 8: Copy paper

Clostridium sp. (Clostridium sp.) No. precultured in 900 ml of a sugar-free PY liquid medium containing 10 g of used copy paper chopped with a shredder
100 ml of the two strains were mixed and stirred at 37 ° C. Generation of hydrogen gas was observed from 3 to 4 hours after the start, and the amount of hydrogen generated per hour was increased 7 hours (by the first injection) and 12 hours (by the second injection). There were two peaks. Then, the total amount of generated hydrogen in 24 hours was 1500 ml.

Experimental Example 9: When copy paper and cellulase were used together

Clostridium sp. (Clostridium sp.) N cultured overnight in 900 ml of a sugar-free PY liquid medium containing 10 g of used copy paper chopped with a shredder
O.2 strains of 100 ml were mixed and stirred at 37 ° C.
At the time when hydrogen generation is almost completed, industrial cellulase (E
-CEL) powder was added to 2 mg / ml and continuously stirred at 37 ° C. Generation of hydrogen gas was observed from 3 to 4 hours after the start of culture, and after 7 hours (due to the first injection)
And after 12 hours (due to the second charge), two peaks of the amount of hydrogen generated per hour were present. Thereafter, with the passage of time, the total amount of hydrogen generated decreased, and the total amount of hydrogen generated in 24 hours became 1500 ml. At the time when hydrogen generation was almost completed, that is, when industrial cellulase was added 18 hours after the start of the culture, the generation of hydrogen gas was started again, and the volume was further increased to 1,200 ml, and the total amount of hydrogen generation in 24 hours was 2,700 ml.

From the above experimental results, the hydrogen production method of the present embodiment makes it possible to generate hydrogen by decomposing an organic material, which has been conventionally difficult.

For this reason, it is possible to generate hydrogen from the collected paper waste and the like, and it is possible to effectively utilize resources. Further, by adding an enzyme such as an industrial enzyme, more hydrogen can be generated. As an example, it has been found from experiments that an organic material containing 97-98% cellulose can be completely decomposed by adding an industrial enzyme.

The embodiments of the present invention and the results of the experiments have been described above. However, the present invention can be variously modified. This is described below.

In each of the above embodiments, the stirring is performed by the fins 7 made of stainless steel. In addition, for example, a blade or a stirring rod made of a multi-hole adsorbing material such as a magnetic material or ceramics is used. The structure for stirring may be used. In this case, it is possible to capture accompanying substances of metals such as mercury and organic toner components in the organic material without diffusing them.

The organic materials are not limited to those described above. The above-mentioned organic materials are merely examples, and there are various other possibilities, and fish, meat, fruits, root vegetables and the like can be actually used. Also, corn cores and skins, grains such as straw, rice straw, and rice husk, tea husks, and coffee grounds may be used. Further, the form of the organic material may be any, and may be muddy or liquid. Also, in the case of starchy materials such as potatoes, moisture may not be generated even when chopped, but there are also those that generate moisture, and if other materials that generate moisture are added by crushing or chopping, The generation of moisture is also effective, and a favorable reaction can be performed.

The stirring may be performed intermittently (repeated rotation and pause) in addition to the continuous stirring. Further, the mixing of the organic material is more preferable if it is sufficiently mixed before being introduced, in addition to the stirring by the fins 7. Further, the microorganism inlet 3 and the material inlet 4 may not be separately provided, but may be the same.

[0082]

As described above, according to the present invention,
By adding the introduction of the microorganism of the genus Clostridium, stirring, and the introduction of the organic material, the amount of hydrogen generated by the decomposition and reaction of the organic material is increased as compared with the conventional method. In addition, if a plurality of different organic materials having different components are charged, hydrogen can be efficiently generated without inputting an industrial enzyme, so that hydrogen can be generated at low cost. Therefore, it is the most suitable method for practical use from the viewpoint of a large amount of generated hydrogen and cost.

Further, by injecting a microorganism of the genus Clostridium once after the reaction has converged and, if necessary, by injecting an industrial enzyme, cellulose can be almost completely decomposed, and cellulose which has been difficult in the past can be obtained. It is possible to obtain more hydrogen from the organic material as a component. In addition, the re-input of the microorganism of the genus Clostridium, and the re-input of the industrial enzyme as required, the peak of hydrogen generation reappears, and by repeating this, it is possible to more completely decompose the organic material. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a hydrogen production apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a relationship between a reaction time and a hydrogen generation amount when an organic material is reacted with a microorganism of the genus Clostridium in the hydrogen production apparatus of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a hydrogen production method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the reaction time and the amount of hydrogen generated when a microorganism of the genus Clostridium is reacted with an organic material containing cellulose in the hydrogen production method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. is there.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydrogen production apparatus 2 ... Reaction container 3 ... Microorganism input port 4 ... Material input port 5 ... Hydrogen discharge port 7 ... Fin 8 ... Motor 9 ... Monitoring device

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Akira Koikeda 1-2-1, Shimonopporo Techno Park, Atsubetsu-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido F-term (reference) 4B064 AA03 CA02 CC03 CC12 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 4D004 AA02 BA06 CA04 CA15 CA18 CA22 CA35 CA42 CB11 CC07 DA02 DA03 DA06 DA07

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing hydrogen from an organic material, comprising the steps of: introducing the organic material; introducing a microorganism of the genus Clostridium; reacting the organic material with the microorganism to produce hydrogen; And a reaction step of stirring the organic material and the microorganism in order to promote the reaction / decomposition in the reaction step. 2. The organic material is obtained from at least one of starchy materials, green vegetables, root vegetables, fruits, grains, livestock offal, livestock blood, fish ash, and scallops. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein the method is selected. 3. When a plurality of materials having different components are selected as the organic material, a stirring step of stirring the organic materials is provided before, after, or before or after the microorganism charging step. The method for producing hydrogen according to claim 1. 4. A method for producing hydrogen from an organic material, wherein a starch material and a green vegetable, a starch material and a scallop are obtained in order to obtain the same effect as when an enzyme or nutrient for promoting a reaction is introduced. The method for producing hydrogen according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least two or more different organic materials having different components are mixed as in the case of (1). 5. A hydrogen production method for generating hydrogen from an organic material containing cellulose as a component, a charging step of charging the organic material, a first microorganism charging step of charging a microorganism of the genus Clostridium, and the charging step. And a re-microbial charging step in which a microorganism of the genus Clostridium is charged again when the reaction is deemed to have converged after the first microorganism charging step, and stirring both to promote the reaction and decomposition of the organic material and the microorganism. And a stirring step. 6. The hydrogen production method according to claim 5, wherein, even after the re-microbial charging step, the re-microbial charging step is repeatedly performed until the decomposition of the organic material progresses. 7. The hydrogen production method according to claim 5, further comprising a stirring step of stirring the organic material after the re-microbial charging step after the first microorganism charging step. 8. The method according to claim 5, further comprising an enzyme charging step of charging an enzyme, at least after the first microorganism charging step or the re-microbial charging step.
Or the hydrogen production method according to 7. 9. The hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of the stirring means used in the stirring step is provided with a magnetic material or a porous adsorbent member. Production method. 10. The pressure in the container into which each material is charged is set to a very slight negative pressure immediately after charging the organic material or immediately after charging the microorganism.
The hydrogen production method according to any one of the above.