JP2001151435A - Elevator shock absorber and elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact elevator shock absorber having reduced stoke without increasing shock on passengers. SOLUTION: The elevator shock absorber at the bottom of an elevator hoistway 5 comprises a spring shock absorbing body 2, a spring holding member 3 and an elevator car shock receiving member 4. The lower face of the spring shock absorbing body 2 is secured to the bottom of the hoistway 5 and the upper face of the spring shock absorbing body 2 contains the secured shock receiving member 4. The upper end of the spring holding member 3 secured to the bottom of the hoistway 5 is applied to the shock receiving member 4, whereby initial flexure is given via the shock receiving member 4 to the spring shock absorbing body 2 which is normally held in a compressed compressed condition. Since the spring shock absorbing body 2 normally help in the compressed condition is installed, the absorbing energy of the elevator shock absorber is increased without increasing the repulsive force of the spring shock absorbing body 2 and the stroke miniaturiation of the elevator shock absorber are reduced without increasing shock on elevator passengers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shock absorber for an elevator, and more particularly to a shock absorber when an elevator car descends beyond a normal stop position on the lowest floor and reaches the bottom of an elevator shaft. The present invention relates to a structure for reducing the size of an elevator shock absorber installed at the bottom of an elevator shaft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Even if an elevator car falls to the bottom of an elevator shaft, an elevator shock absorber using a coil spring buffer is provided at the bottom of the elevator shaft so that a person inside the elevator car is safe. An oil-filled elevator shock absorber is installed. FIG. 9 is a view showing a conventional elevator shock absorber in which the coil spring shock absorber 2 is installed at the bottom of the elevator hoistway 5. Elevator car 1
When the elevator car 1 descends beyond the normal stop position for some reason and the bottom surface of the elevator car 1 comes into contact with the elevator shock absorber 2, the energy of the elevator car 1 is absorbed by the elevator shock absorber 2 and the impact at the time of contact is reduced. The passengers in the elevator car 1 are kept safe.

[0003]

Since the Building Standards Law has been revised, regulations have been relaxed more than before, and it has been said that elevator regulations should be secured, for example, from concrete and detailed numerical regulations, for example, as far as this level of safety can be ensured. Performance regulations are changing. Since the elevator system tends to be more compact, reducing the size of the elevator shock absorber increases the degree of freedom in design, and provides advantages such as shortening the construction period and downsizing the elevator hoistway.

[0004] However, in order to reduce the vertical stroke of the elevator shock absorber for miniaturization, the resistance of the elevator shock absorber must be increased, and the acceleration of the elevator car at the time of stoppage increases. However, there is a problem that the impact on passengers increases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to reduce the stroke of an elevator shock absorber while suppressing an increase in impact on passengers when an elevator car descends beyond a normal stop position and reaches the bottom of an elevator shaft. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator shock absorber having a structure that can be downsized and an elevator equipped with the shock absorber.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a buffer installed at the bottom of an elevator hoistway, and an elevator car descends beyond a normal stop position on the lowest floor. The present invention proposes an elevator shock absorber, which is provided with a restraining member that gives initial deflection to the shock absorber of the elevator shock absorber.

[0007] The member that gives the buffer body an initial deflection is
An adjusting member for adjusting the initial deflection may be included.

When the elevator car comes into contact with the elevator shock absorber, a car shock receiving member for contacting the elevator car is provided at the upper end of the buffer, or a car shock receiving member for contacting the buffer is provided at the lower end of the elevator car. .

The car impact receiving member may be a buffer.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an elevator equipped with any one of the above-mentioned elevator shock absorbers.

In the present invention, when the shock absorber is installed at the bottom of the elevator hoistway, the shock absorber is given an initial deflection and fixed, and the shock absorber is always kept in a compressed state and installed. It is possible to increase the absorption energy of the elevator shock absorber without increasing the repulsive force, increase the impact on the elevator passengers, shorten the stroke of the elevator shock absorber, and reduce the size of the elevator shock absorber.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0013]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of an embodiment 1 of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention. The elevator shock absorber according to the first embodiment includes a spring holding member 3 fixed to a floor surface.
And an elevator car impact receiving member 4 having a lower end flange held between the spring buffer 2 and the spring restraining member 3, and the elevator car 1 travels. It is installed at the bottom of the hoistway 5. Since the height of the spring restraint member 3 is smaller than the natural length of the spring buffer 2, the spring restraint member 3 is given an initial deflection by the spring restraint member 3.

When the elevator car 1 descends beyond the normal stop position due to some abnormal situation in the elevator, the elevator car 1 comes into contact with the elevator car shock receiving member 4. Elevator car impact receiving member 4
Is joined to the spring buffer 2, and is pressed down by the spring buffer 2 with a certain force on the spring suppressing member 3. This pressing force depends on the initial deflection amount of the spring cushion 2 and the spring constant of the spring cushion 2. When the elevator car 1 contacts the elevator car impact receiving member 4,
When this contact force exceeds the pressing force applied to the elevator car impact receiving member 4, the spring buffer 2 starts to bend and absorbs the contact force. When the initial deformation is given to the spring buffer 2, the amount of deformation of the spring buffer 2 can be suppressed. The height of the elevator car shock receiving member 4 is ensured so that the elevator car 1 does not hit the spring restraining member 3 even if the elevator car 1 comes into contact and the spring buffer 2 flexes to the maximum.

[0015]

Second Embodiment FIG. 2 is a view showing the structure of an elevator shock absorber according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The elevator shock absorber of the second embodiment is an example in which the elevator car impact receiving member 4 of the first embodiment is changed to a combination of a spring buffer 10 and a spring joining member 11.

The spring connecting member 11 is mounted on the spring buffer 2, and the spring buffer 10 is mounted on the upper surface of the spring connecting member 11. The spring cushion 2 and the spring cushion 10 are arranged in series via a spring joining member 11. As in the first embodiment, the spring buffer 2 is given an appropriate initial deflection by the spring restraining member 3.

When the elevator car 1 descends beyond the normal stop position due to some abnormal situation in the elevator, when the elevator car 1 comes into contact with the spring buffer 10, the force generated by this contact is applied to the spring buffer 2. Only the spring cushion 10 deflects until it becomes equal to the force generated by the applied initial deflection, during which time only the spring cushion 10 absorbs the energy of the contact. When the force generated by the contact becomes larger than the force generated by the initial deflection applied to the spring cushion 2, both the spring cushion 2 and the spring cushion 10 start to bend. The spring constant of the elevator shock absorber at this time is a spring constant obtained by combining the spring shock absorber 2 and the spring shock absorber 10 in series. The spring constant in the case of the spring cushion 10 alone is larger than the combined spring constant in which the spring cushion 10 and the spring cushion 2 are connected in series.

FIG. 3 shows Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
And stroke of conventional shock absorber for elevator
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a comparison between a relationship between (amount of displacement) and a repulsive force.

In the conventional elevator shock absorber shown in FIG. 9 using only the natural-length spring shock absorber 2, the displacement amount and the repulsive force have a linear relationship.
It is represented by a straight line with a predetermined inclination.

On the other hand, in the case of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 3 as a preload-added single-stage spring damper, it starts from a place corresponding to the initial spring force.

In the case of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, when the elevator car 1 comes into contact with the upper spring buffer 10 due to the initial deflection given to the lower spring buffer 2 by the spring holding member 3, the upper spring buffer When the force received by the body 10 is smaller than the repulsive force due to the initial deflection of the lower spring buffer 2, only the upper spring buffer 10 bends. Therefore, the relationship between the amount of displacement of the elevator shock absorber and the repulsive force is a predetermined linear relationship passing through the origin, and the inclination is determined by the upper spring constant. When the force received by the upper spring buffer 10 becomes larger than the repulsive force due to the initial deflection of the lower spring buffer 2, the upper spring buffer 10 and the lower spring buffer 2 bend together, so that the elevator shock absorber is used. The relationship between the amount of displacement and the repulsion is a linear relationship with a predetermined slope, but the slope is
Since the series spring constant of the upper spring cushion 10 and the lower spring cushion 2 becomes a series combined spring constant, which is smaller than the case of the upper spring cushion 10 alone, it is represented as a polygonal line as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 3, the characteristic is obtained on the assumption that the upper limit of the stroke and the upper limit of the repulsive force of the elevator shock absorber are the same. The value obtained by multiplying the stroke and the repulsion is the work to be performed by the elevator shock absorber, and can be considered to be equivalent to the energy of the elevator car. That is, in FIG. 3, the area of the figure surrounded by the horizontal axis, the vertical line representing the stroke upper limit, and each characteristic line corresponds to the energy of the elevator car that can be absorbed by the elevator shock absorber. The energy that can be absorbed is also large. As in Embodiment 1 of FIG. 1 and Embodiment 2 of FIG. 2, when an initial deflection is given to the shock absorber, the area of the shock absorber is smaller than that of the conventional elevator shock absorber using only the linear spring shock absorber 2 of FIG. Since it becomes large, the absorbed energy can be increased.

This means that if the energy to be absorbed by the elevator shock absorber is the same, the elevator shock absorbers according to the first embodiment of FIG. 1 and the second embodiment of FIG. 2 can shorten the stroke. Embodiment 1 of FIG. 1 and FIG.
Since the repulsive force of the elevator shock absorber according to the second embodiment is set to be the same as the repulsive force of the conventional elevator shock absorber, the impact given to the elevator passenger is not different from the conventional one. Therefore, the size of the elevator shock absorber can be reduced without changing the influence on the passengers.

On the other hand, in order to reduce the stroke in the conventional elevator shock absorber, the repulsive force of the elevator shock absorber must be increased. As a result, the impact on the passenger increases.

[0025]

Third Embodiment FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of an elevator shock absorber according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The elevator shock absorber of the third embodiment is an example in which the spring holding member 3 and the elevator car impact receiving member 4 of the first embodiment are changed to a combination of the wire 35, the wire fixing device 36, and the elevator car impact receiving member 37.

An elevator car impact receiving member 37 is attached to the upper surface of the spring buffer 2, and a wire fixing member 36 is attached to the elevator car impact receiving member 37 and the floor of the elevator hoistway 5. In order to give the initial flexure to the spring buffer 2, the wire fixture 36 on the floor side of the elevator shaft 5 and the elevator car impact receiving member 37
Wire 35 of an appropriate length between the
And fix it.

In the third embodiment, the wire 35 is used in place of the spring holding member 3 shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
Space can be saved as compared with.

[0028]

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 5 is a view showing a structure of an elevator shock absorber according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a view showing a structure of a spring initial deflection adjusting member in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. It is a side view. In the elevator shock absorber according to the fourth embodiment, the spring suppressing member 3 according to the first embodiment is
This is an example in which the combination of the nut 5, the fixing member 16, the bolt 17, and the nut 18 is changed. As shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, a height adjusting hole 19 is formed. The height adjustment hole 19 is long in the up-down direction, so that when the height adjustment member 15 is attached to the fixing member 16, the position in the up-down direction can be adjusted.

The deflection adjusting member 15 is connected to the fixing member 16 by bolts 17 and nuts 18. The upper end of the deflection adjusting member 15 suppresses the elevator car impact receiving member 4, and the elevator car impact receiving member 4
Since it is attached to the spring buffer 2, the initial deflection of the spring buffer 2 can be adjusted by raising and lowering the position of the deflection adjusting member 15.

[0030]

Embodiment 5 FIG. 7 is a view showing the structure of an initial spring deflection adjusting member in an elevator shock absorber according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. The elevator shock absorber of the fifth embodiment is an example in which the spring suppressing member 3 of the first embodiment is changed to a combination of a height adjusting member 20 and a fixing member 21. The inner surface of the height adjusting member 20 and the outer surface of the fixing member 21 are threaded, and the height adjusting member 20 and the fixing member 21 are in a relationship of a male screw and a female screw. When the height adjusting member 21 is turned, the height of the elevator car shock receiving member 4 in contact with the height adjusting member 21 rises and falls, so that the initial deflection of the spring cushion 2 joined to the elevator car shock receiving member 4. Can be adjusted.

[0031]

Sixth Embodiment FIG. 8 is a view showing the structure of an elevator shock absorber according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The elevator shock absorber of the sixth embodiment is an example in which the elevator car shock receiving member 4 in the fourth embodiment of FIG. 5 is replaced with a combination of an elevator car shock receiving member 30 and a shock receiving member 31.

In the first embodiment shown in FIG.
The height of the elevator car impact receiving member 4 is defined so that the elevator car 1 does not hit the spring holding member 3 when the elevator car 1 comes into contact with the elevator shock absorber. In the sixth embodiment of FIG. 8, the elevator car shock receiving member 30 is not provided with a height, and the shock receiving member 31 is provided on the elevator car 1 side, and when the elevator car 1 contacts the elevator shock absorber. The elevator car 1 does not hit the spring holding member 3.

It should be apparent that the spring cushion 10 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 may be used as the shock receiving member 31 of the sixth embodiment.

[0034]

The elevator shock absorber according to the present invention comprises a spring shock absorber, a spring restraining member, and an elevator car impact receiving member. The lower surface of the spring shock absorber is attached to the bottom of the elevator hoistway. A car impact receiving member is attached to the upper surface. The upper end of the spring holding member attached to the bottom of the elevator shaft is hung on the car shock receiving member, and gives an initial deflection to the spring buffer via the car shock receiving member, thereby always maintaining the spring buffer in a compressed state. Since the spring buffer is always held in a compressed state and installed, the rebound of the spring buffer is not increased, the absorption energy of the elevator shock absorber is increased, and the impact on elevator passengers is not increased. The stroke of the shock absorber can be shortened and downsized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a first embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a second embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a comparison between a stroke (displacement amount) and a repulsive force of an elevator shock absorber according to Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention and a conventional example.

FIG. 4 is a third embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a fourth embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a structure of a spring initial deflection adjusting member according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a fifth embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure of a spring initial deflection adjusting member in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a sixth embodiment of an elevator shock absorber according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a conventional elevator shock absorber in which a coil spring shock absorber is installed at the bottom of an elevator shaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Elevator car 2 Spring buffer 3 Spring suppressing member 4 Elevator car shock receiving member 5 Elevator hoistway 10 Spring buffer 11 Spring joining member 15 Deflection adjusting member 16 Fixing member 17 Bolt 18 Nut 19 Height adjusting hole 20 Height adjusting member DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Fixing member 30 Elevator car shock receiving member 31 Impact member 35 Wire 36 Wire fixing tool 37 Elevator car shock receiving member

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Nagase 1070 Ma, Hitachinaka-shi, Ibaraki F-term within the elevator group of Hitachi, Ltd. 3F304 DA65

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An elevator shock absorber including a shock absorber installed at the bottom of an elevator hoistway, wherein the shock absorber reduces the impact when the elevator car descends beyond a normal stop position on the lowest floor. An elevator shock absorber comprising a restraining member that gives initial deflection to a shock absorber of the elevator shock absorber. 2. The elevator shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the member that gives the initial deflection to the buffer includes an adjusting member that adjusts the initial deflection. 3. The shock absorber for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein a car impact receiving member that contacts the elevator car when the elevator car contacts the elevator shock absorber is provided at an upper end of the shock absorber. An elevator shock absorber characterized by being provided. 4. The elevator shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein a car impact receiving member that contacts the shock absorber when the elevator car contacts the elevator shock absorber is provided at a lower end of the elevator car. A shock absorber for an elevator. 5. The elevator shock absorber according to claim 3, wherein the car impact receiving member is a shock absorber. 6. An elevator comprising the elevator shock absorber according to claim 1.