WO2006033135A1

WO2006033135A1 - Shock absorbing device for elevator

Info

Publication number: WO2006033135A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/013731
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mitsuyoshi Imura
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date: 2004-09-21
Filing date: 2004-09-21
Publication date: 2006-03-30
Also published as: JPWO2006033135A1; KR20070032937A; EP1792866A1; CN1922091A; EP1792866A4

Abstract

A shock absorbing device for an elevator, where, even if the elevator has a high rated speed, the device can be reduced in height to eliminate the need of deepening a pit and can have a simpler construction. The shock absorbing device is provided with an energy absorption-type shock absorber (oil-filled shock absorber, for example) and an energy accumulation-type shock absorber. The energy absorption-type shock absorber absorbs collision energy in a collision of an elevator car or a counterweight, and the shock absorber itself cannot recover its original state when the collision energy is released and therefore it has a recovery means. The energy accumulation-type shock absorber is fixed in series to the energy absorption-type shock absorber, and absorbs collision energy and recovers its original state when the collision energy is released. The energy accumulation-type shock absorber is constructed from, for example, an elastic body such as rubber.

Description

Specification

Elevator shock absorber

Technical field

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an elevator shock absorber that is installed at the bottom of an elevator hoistway and is used to alleviate an impact and to stop safely when a car or counterweight descends after passing over the lowest floor. Is.

Background art

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional elevator. In FIG. 7, a hoisting machine 3 having a driving sheave 2 and a deflector 4 are installed at the upper part of the hoistway 1. A main rope 5 is wound around the driving sheave 2 and the deflector 4. One end of the main rope 5 is suspended from the car 6 and the other end is suspended from the counterweight 7. As the drive sheave 2 rotates, the car 6 and the counterweight 7 move up and down in a slidable manner.

[0003] When any abnormality occurs in the elevator, there is a possibility that the car 6 or the counterweight 7 goes down the lowest floor and descends. Therefore, in order to alleviate the impact caused by the collision between the car 6 or the counterweight 7 and the bottom part (pit) of the hoistway 1 and stop it safely even in such an abnormal situation, A car shock absorber 8 as a shock absorber and a balance / weight shock absorber 9 are installed.

Conventionally, there are energy absorption type shock absorbers and energy storage type shock absorbers in this elevator shock absorber. The energy absorption type shock absorber absorbs collision energy, and when this collision energy is released, the energy absorption type shock absorber cannot be restored to its original state by itself. Is used. This energy absorption type shock absorber is used for a relatively large collision energy in a high-speed elevator.

[0005] In the conventional oil-filled shock absorber, a cylindrical cylinder standing at the bottom of the hoistway 1 and filled with hydraulic oil, and a cylindrical shape inserted into the cylinder so as to reciprocate in the axial direction. Plunger, an orifice hole formed in the bottom of the plunger, an elongated conical member (control rod) standing on the bottom of the cylinder so that the tip is inserted into the orifice hole, and an elastic support for the plunger. A restoring spring for restoring is provided. [0006] In order to reduce the impact and noise when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides with the oil-filled shock absorber, a shock absorbing member is provided on the top of the plunger.

[0007] It is assumed that an abnormality occurs during operation of the elevator, and the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides with a shock absorbing material located above the oil-filled shock absorber. Then, the plunger is pushed down by the elastic force of the return spring, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder is pressed against the lower surface of the plunger, and the orifice hole force also jets into the plunger. At this time, since the control rod has a taper that becomes thicker downward, as the plunger descends, the area through which the hydraulic oil passes through the orifice hole decreases, and the resistance of the hydraulic oil gradually increases to increase the lowering speed. Slow down and reduce shock. After that, when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 is lifted to remove the load, the plunger is pushed upward by the repulsive force of the compressed return spring to return to the original position (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). ).

[0008] In addition, other conventional oil-filled shock absorbers can be expanded and contracted in the vertical direction via hydraulic oil by superposing multiple plungers formed in small diameters sequentially in a cylinder filled with hydraulic oil. Further, a return spring for returning the plurality of plungers to their original positions is provided. The oil-filled shock absorber configured with multiple plungers in this way can reduce the height of the oil-filled shock absorber with the same stroke as compared to the oil-filled shock absorber composed of the single plunger described above. (For example, see Patent Document 3).

[0009] The above is for an oil-filled shock absorber that is an energy absorbing shock absorber. However, an energy storage shock absorber that is another elevator shock absorber absorbs collision energy, and the collision energy is released. When it is done, it restores itself to its original state, and it is composed of an elastic body such as a spring or rubber, for example. This energy storage type shock absorber is used for a relatively small collision energy with a low speed elevator. In addition, for example, an elastic body such as polyurethane can be compressed to 80% of the total height (i.e., the stroke of the shock absorber is 80% of the total height), and when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides, the stroke is up to 80% of the total height. (Compress) to mitigate the impact. Thereafter, when the load is removed by lifting the car or the counterweight, the compressed elastic body returns to the original height (that is, the total height) (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-108984 (page 45, FIG. 1)

Patent Document 2: JP-A-4-17577 (page 4-6, Fig. 1) Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-217577 (Page 2-5, Fig. 1)

Patent Document 1: Elastogran catalog "Cellasto A celluar polyurethane elastomer", P Invention disclosure

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0011] Such an elevator shock absorber has a predetermined stroke so that when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides at a speed 1.15 times the rated speed, the vehicle is decelerated at a predetermined deceleration safely. It is designed to be. For this reason, the stroke of the elevator shock absorber becomes longer as the rated speed becomes higher.

[0012] When the rated speed is high, in the conventional oil-filled shock absorber composed of one plunger, the length of the plunger needs to be longer than the stroke of the oil-filled shock absorber. Since the cylinder also needs to accept the plunger, the length approximately corresponding to the length of the plunger is required, and therefore the height of the oil-filled shock absorber becomes high. As described above, when the height of the oil-filled shock absorber is increased, the pit depth of the hoistway 1 must be increased correspondingly, resulting in a problem that the economic efficiency of the construction is inferior. In addition, there was a problem in carrying in and installing the oil-filled shock absorbers!

[0013] On the other hand, in the oil-filled shock absorber configured with multiple plungers as described above, the height of the oil-filled shock absorber is secured while ensuring a predetermined stroke with respect to the oil-filled shock absorber composed of one plunger. However, since a plurality of plungers are superposed and configured to expand and contract in the vertical direction via hydraulic oil, the number of components increases and the economy is improved. It was inferior.

[0014] Further, as described above, since the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber is 80% of the total height, the height of the shock absorber can be lowered while ensuring a predetermined stroke. However, this energy storage type shock absorber has a problem that it can only be applied to elevators with a rated speed of 60 mZmin or less in the EN code (EN81-1: 1998) which is a European law. According to the EN code, the energy absorption type shock absorber has the problems described above when applied to a force exceeding the rated speed of 60 mZmin, which is applicable regardless of the rated speed. [0015] The present invention was made to solve the problem of power, and even when the rated speed of the elevator exceeds 60mZmin, the height of the device can be reduced and the pit depth can be increased. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator shock absorber that can simplify the structure. Means for solving the problem

[0016] In the elevator shock absorber according to the present invention, an energy absorption buffer and an energy storage buffer are fixed in series and combined.

The invention's effect

[0017] According to the present invention, by fixing the energy absorption buffer and the energy storage buffer in series, the height of the device can be reduced and the structure can be simplified even when the rated speed of the elevator is high. be able to.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an elevator shock absorber apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the height of a conventional oil-filled shock absorber.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the height of an elevator shock absorber apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an elevator shock absorber apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows an elevator shock absorber apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 shows an elevator shock absorber apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional elevator.

Explanation of symbols

[0019] 1 hoistway

2 Drive sheave

3 Hoisting machine

4 baffle

5 main rope

6 car

7 Counterweight 8 basket buffer

9 Counterweight buffer

10a, 10b, 10c Oil-filled shock absorber

11a ゝ 11c Energy storage type shock absorber

12a ゝ 12b Mounting base

13a ゝ 13b Hydraulic oil

14a, 14b cylinder

15a ゝ 15b Plunger

16a, 16b flange

17a ゝ 17b Spring holder

18a ゝ 18b Bottom member

19a, 19b Orifice hole

20a ゝ 20b Control rod

21a ゝ 21b Return spring

22, 23 cushioning material

24 Mounting base

25 Restricted body

26 Mounting plate

27 Bonoreto

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Example 1

FIG. 1 shows an elevator shock absorber according to Embodiment 1 for carrying out the present invention. In FIG. 1, an energy storage type shock absorber 11a is fixed in series at the upper end of an oil-filled shock absorber 10a which is an energy absorption type shock absorber. Next, the configuration of the oil-filled shock absorber 1 Oa will be described. A cylindrical cylinder 14a filled with hydraulic oil 13a is erected on the mounting base 12a. A cylindrical plunger 15a that can reciprocate in the axial direction is inserted into the cylinder 14a. A flange 16a is fixed to the upper end of the cylinder 14a. . A spring receiver 17a is fixed to the upper end of the plunger 15a.

[0022] The plunger 15a has a bottom member 18a that closes the bottom, and an orifice hole 19a is formed in the center of the bottom member 18a. A control rod 20a is erected on the mounting base 12a so that the tip end is inserted into the orifice hole 19a. The control rod 20a has a conical shape and becomes thicker downward.

[0023] As a restoring means for restoring the original raised position after the plunger 15a is pressed and lowered, the plunger 15a is urged between the flange 16a and the spring receiver 17a in a direction protruding from the cylinder 14a. A return spring 21a for elastic support is arranged.

[0024] The oil-filled shock absorber 10a is configured as described above, and the energy storage type shock-absorber 11a is erected on the spring receiver 17a, which is the upper end of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a, for the elevator. It constitutes a shock absorber. The energy storage type shock absorber 11a is formed by integrally molding a rubber body (for example, polyurethane), and can be compressed to 80% of the total height, and this amount of compression becomes the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber 11a.

Next, the operation will be described. When the elevator is operating normally, as shown in Fig. 1, the oil buffer 10a and the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la are extended in the elevator shock absorber. Suppose that something goes wrong during the operation of the elevator and the car 6 or counterweight 7 collides with the elevator shock absorber. At this time, the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides with the energy storage type shock absorber 11a, and the energy storage type shock absorber 1la compresses to reduce the impact.

On the other hand, in the oil-filled shock absorber 10a, the plunger 15a is piled and pushed down by the elastic force of the return spring 21a along with the compression of the energy storage shock absorber 11a, and the hydraulic oil 13a in the cylinder 14a is pushed to the bottom of the plunger 15a. It is pressed by the member 18a and jets into the plunger 15a from the orifice hole 19a. At this time, since the control rod 20a has a taper that becomes thicker downward, as the plunger 15a descends, the area through which the hydraulic oil 13a passes through the orifice hole 19a decreases, and the resistance of the hydraulic oil 13a gradually increases. Increase to decelerate the descent speed and mitigate impact.

[0027] After that, when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 is lifted and the load is removed, the energy storage type shock absorber 11a, which is a rubber body, restores the compressed state force to the expanded height. The On the other hand, in the oil-filled shock absorber 10a, due to the repulsive force of the compressed return spring 21a, the plunger 15a is pushed upward to return to its original position, and the hydraulic oil 13a flows into the cylinder 14a as well as the orifice hole 19a. To restore the original decompressed state.

[0028] Next, the height of the elevator shock absorber in the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 2 shows the height of a conventional oil-filled shock absorber 10b composed of a single plunger 15b, and FIG. 3 shows the height of the elevator shock absorber of this embodiment.

[0029] In FIG. 2, the mounting base 12b, hydraulic oil 13b, cylinder 14b, plunger 15b, flange 16b, spring receiver 17b, bottom member 18b of the plunger 15b, orifice hole 19b, control rod 20b, return spring 21b are shown in FIG. In order to avoid collision between metals when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides with the oil-filled shock absorber 10b, a cushioning member 22 is provided on the upper part of the spring receiver 17b. . The operation is the same as that of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a in FIG.

[0030] When the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides at a speed 1.15 times the rated speed, the elevator shock absorber has a predetermined stroke so that it can be safely decelerated at a predetermined deceleration. Designed to be Now, let S be the stroke of the elevator shock absorber. For the conventional oil-filled shock absorber 10b, as shown in Fig. 2, the length of the portion where the shock absorbing material 22 strokes and the length from the bottom surface of the bottom member 18b to the top surface of the mounting base 12b is S of the stroke. 2 Lower end force of the stroke part of 2 If the length to the bottom surface of the bottom member 18b of the plunger 15b is a and the thickness of the mounting base 12b is b, the height L1 of the conventional oil-filled shock absorber 10b is

Ll = 2S + a + b

It becomes.

On the other hand, in the elevator shock absorber of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber 11a (that is, the compression amount) and the stroke of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a are each buffered. The elastic characteristics are set by changing the shape (for example, length or diameter) of the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la so that it becomes 1/2 of the stroke S of the device, and the oil hole of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a Change the clearance between 19a and control rod 17a to set the hydraulic oil resistance. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber 11a (ie, the compression amount) and the stroke of the spring receiver 17a (ie, the stroke of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a) are SZ2, respectively. Adjust the length from the lower end of the stroke part to the bottom surface of the bottom member 18a of the plunger 15a. If the thickness of the base 12a is b and the compression height of the energy storage buffer 11a is c, the height L2 of the elevator shock absorber is

L2 = 3S / 2 + a + b + c

It becomes. Here, since the energy storage type shock absorber 11a compresses to 80% as described above, the height c at the time of compression is

c = S / 2/8

And shows a small value.

[0032] As described above, the difference between the height L1 of the conventional oil-filled shock absorber 10b and the height L2 of the elevator shock absorber of the present embodiment is approximately SZ2 (that is, half of the stroke). As a result, the height of the elevator shock absorber of this embodiment is reduced.

[0033] In the above, the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la (that is, the compression amount) and the stroke of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a are the same (that is, 1Z2 of the stroke S of the shock absorber, respectively). However, the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la (for example, it has a length! / Is the size of the diameter) and the orifice hole 19a and the control rod 17a of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a have different gaps. In particular, the height of the elevator shock absorber can be reduced by increasing the stroke (that is, the compression amount) of the energy storage type shock absorber 11a.

[0034] As described above, the energy storage type shock absorber 11a having a simple structure is fixed in series to the upper end portion of the oil-filled shock absorber 10a that is an energy absorption type shock absorber. Compared with the conventional oil-filled shock absorber 10b, the overall height of the device can be reduced and the size can be reduced. As a result, even when the rated speed of the elevator exceeds 60 mZmin, it is not necessary to increase the pit depth of the hoistway 1 and the construction work becomes economical.

[0035] Further, since one of the shock absorbers is constituted by the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la, the structure of the apparatus can be simplified. In the conventional oil-filled shock absorber 10b, the shock absorber 22 is provided in order to avoid collision between metals when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 and the oil-filled shock absorber 10b collide. In the embodiment, since the bumper collides with the energy storage type shock absorber 11a which is a rubber body, the shock absorbing material 22 becomes unnecessary.

Example 2

FIG. 4 shows an elevator shock absorber according to Embodiment 2 for carrying out the present invention. It is. In the present embodiment, an energy storage type shock absorber 11c is fixed in series to the lower portion of the oil-filled shock absorber 10c with respect to the first embodiment, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. In the present embodiment, a buffer member 23 is provided on the upper portion of the spring receiver 17a in order to avoid collision between metals when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 and the oil-filled shock absorber 11c collide with each other. A mounting base 24 is fixed to the bottom of the energy storage type shock absorber 11c. Since the operation is the same as in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

[0037] Even with such a configuration, the same effects as in the first embodiment are obtained. However, in contrast to the first embodiment, when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 and the oil-filled shock absorber 11c collide with each other, a shock absorbing material 23 for avoiding the collision between metals is required.

Example 3

FIG. 5 shows Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a restricting body 25 for restricting the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la to a predetermined amount (for example, an allowable stroke) is provided on the spring receiver 17a with respect to the first embodiment. The same reference numerals as those in Fig. 1 indicate the corresponding parts. The restricting body 25 is formed in a cylindrical shape and is provided so as to pass through the outside of the energy storage type shock absorber 11a.

[0039] When an abnormality occurs during operation of the elevator and the car 6 or the counterweight 7 collides with the elevator shock absorber, the energy storage type shock absorber 11a is compressed. The energy storage type shock absorber 1 la can be compressed to 80% of the total height, and this amount of compression is an allowable stroke. The energy storage type shock absorber 11a changes its shape (for example, the length or diameter) to set the elastic characteristics so that it does not exceed the allowable stroke for the collision energy assumed for the elevator speed specifications. However, if the collision energy is larger than expected, the allowable stroke will be exceeded. In this case, in this embodiment, the restricting body 25 interferes with the car 6 or the counterweight 7, and the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la is not compressed beyond the allowable stroke. Other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

[0040] As described above, even if the collision energy is large, the stroke is regulated by the restricting body 25, so that the energy storage type shock absorber 11a is damaged without being compressed beyond the allowable stroke. There is no. In addition, the impact energy assumed for the speed specification of the elevator On the other hand, it is necessary to change the shape (for example, length or diameter) of the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la so that it is less than the permissible stroke. However, for all speed specifications, Setting elastic properties is diverse and practically difficult. Even in such a case, in the present embodiment, the stroke of the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la can be easily set by providing the limiting body 25.

In the present embodiment, the restricting body 25 is formed in a cylindrical shape, but is not limited to this. Any shape such as a rectangular shape or a cylindrical shape may be used, and a plurality of these may be provided. Furthermore, a hollow portion may be formed inside the energy storage type shock absorber 11a provided so that the limiting body 25 is inserted outside the energy storage type shock absorber 11a, and may be provided inside this.

Example 4

[0042] Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the energy storage type shock absorber 1 la and the oil-filled shock absorber 10a can be divided from the first embodiment. In FIG. 6, a mounting plate 26 is fixed to the lower surface of the energy storage type shock absorber 11a, and the mounting plate 26 is fixed to a spring receiver 17a with a bolt 27. In addition, the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 1 indicate the corresponding parts. The operation is the same as that in the first embodiment.

[0043] When the energy storage type shock absorber 11a is a rubber body such as polyurethane, for example, the elastic characteristics of the rubber generally change over time, and therefore periodic replacement is required. In such a case, in the present embodiment, since the structure can be divided, only the energy storage type shock absorber 11a that does not need to be replaced every oil-filled shock absorber can be replaced, and the replacement cost becomes economical.

[0044] It should be noted that in the first to fourth embodiments described above, the energy storage type shock absorber is a force composed of a rubber body having an overall compression amount of 80%, and the compression amount is not limited to 80% of the overall height. It can be above or below 80%. Further, the rubber body may be constituted by a cylindrical coil spring or a conical coil spring. In particular, the conical coil spring can be compressed at a lower height than the cylindrical coil spring.

Industrial applicability

[0045] As described above, the elevator shock absorber according to the present invention is a device that alleviates the impact and safely stops when the car 6 or the counterweight 7 goes down the lowermost floor. Suitable for use in

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] At the bottom of the hoistway and under the car or counterweight, energy is absorbed through an elevator shock absorber that mitigates the impact of the car, counterbalance or weight colliding An elevator shock absorber comprising: a type shock absorber; and an energy storage type shock absorber fixed in series with the energy absorption shock absorber.

[2] The elevator shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage shock absorber is disposed in series above the energy absorption shock absorber.

[3] The elevator shock absorber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a restriction body that restricts a stroke amount of the energy storage type shock absorber is disposed in the energy storage type shock absorber.

[4] The elevator shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the energy storage shock absorber and the energy absorption shock absorber can be divided.

[5] The elevator shock absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the energy storage type shock absorber is formed of a rubber body.