JP2001132885A - Cylindrical body connecting structure - Google Patents
Cylindrical body connecting structureInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001132885A JP2001132885A JP31097499A JP31097499A JP2001132885A JP 2001132885 A JP2001132885 A JP 2001132885A JP 31097499 A JP31097499 A JP 31097499A JP 31097499 A JP31097499 A JP 31097499A JP 2001132885 A JP2001132885 A JP 2001132885A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cylindrical body
- hole
- pipe
- peripheral surface
- tubular body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
- F28F9/0256—Arrangements for coupling connectors with flow lines
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、筒状体接続構造、
特に、車両用空調装置のパイプに外均ユニオンやチャー
ジバルブを接続したり、熱交換器にパイプを接続する場
合等に適した筒状体接続構造に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tubular connecting structure,
In particular, the present invention relates to a tubular body connection structure suitable for connecting an outer union or a charge valve to a pipe of a vehicle air conditioner or connecting a pipe to a heat exchanger.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、筒状体接続構造として次のような
ものが提案されている。2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, the following has been proposed as a tubular body connection structure.
【０００３】実開平３−９１１７７号公報には、車外側
熱交換器であるコンデンサのヘッダパイプに管継手部材
をロウ付けによって接続するための構造が開示されてい
る。この接続構造では、ヘッダパイプと管継手部材との
間にロウ付け用リングを介在させることにより、ヘッダ
パイプの外周面に平坦部を形成することなく、両部材を
ロウ付け可能となっている。[0003] Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-91177 discloses a structure for connecting a pipe joint member to a header pipe of a condenser, which is a vehicle-side heat exchanger, by brazing. In this connection structure, the brazing ring is interposed between the header pipe and the pipe joint member, so that both members can be brazed without forming a flat portion on the outer peripheral surface of the header pipe.
【０００４】実開昭６３−４５２８９号公報には、一方
の管の周壁に形成した周壁に貫通孔を穿設し、この貫通
孔に他方の管を接続してかしめ固定した接続構造が開示
されている。Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 63-45289 discloses a connection structure in which a through hole is formed in a peripheral wall formed on the peripheral wall of one tube, and the other tube is connected to the through hole and caulked and fixed. ing.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前者の
接続構造では、別部材であるロウ付け用リングが必要と
なり、コストアップを招来する。また、管継手部材の開
口端部がヘッダパイプ内に突出するため、この部分にロ
ウ材が侵入する。管継手部材の突出量や侵入するロウ材
量の管理は不可能であり、ロウ付け後に検査することも
できない。このため、管継手部材の突出量や侵入するロ
ウ材量がヘッダパイプ内での液体の流動にどのような影
響を与えるのか予測できず、品質が安定しない。However, in the former connection structure, a brazing ring, which is a separate member, is required, resulting in an increase in cost. Further, since the open end of the pipe joint member protrudes into the header pipe, the brazing material enters into this portion. It is impossible to control the amount of protrusion of the pipe joint member and the amount of brazing material that enters, and it is not possible to perform inspection after brazing. For this reason, it is not possible to predict how the protrusion amount of the pipe joint member or the amount of the intruding brazing material affects the flow of the liquid in the header pipe, and the quality is not stable.
【０００６】また、後者の接続構造では、溶接等は不要
となるものの、平坦部を形成することにより管内に膨出
するだけでなく、他方の管のかしめた開口端部も突出す
る。このため、管内の圧力損失が大きく、流動状態に与
える影響を予測できない。Further, in the latter connection structure, although welding or the like becomes unnecessary, the flattened portion not only swells into the tube but also protrudes the swaged open end of the other tube. For this reason, the pressure loss in the pipe is large, and the effect on the flow state cannot be predicted.
【０００７】そこで、本発明は、筒状体をロウ付けによ
って接続でき、しかも筒状体内への突出及びロウ材の侵
入を適切に防止可能な筒状体接続構造を提供することを
課題とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a tubular body connection structure which can connect a tubular body by brazing, and which can appropriately prevent protrusion into a tubular body and intrusion of a brazing material. .
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、前記課題を解
決するための手段として、第１筒状体の外周面に穿設し
た貫通孔に、第２筒状体の開口端部をロウ付けによって
接続する筒状体接続構造において、前記第１筒状体の外
周面に、前記貫通孔と、該貫通孔を含む所定領域に位置
する平坦部とを、マンドレルを使用して同時に形成する
一方、前記第２筒状体の開口端部に、前記第１筒状体の
肉厚以下で、前記貫通孔に嵌合される段部を形成したも
のである。According to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, an opening end of a second cylindrical body is inserted into a through hole formed in an outer peripheral surface of a first cylindrical body. In the tubular body connection structure connected by attaching, the through-hole and a flat portion located in a predetermined area including the through-hole are simultaneously formed on an outer peripheral surface of the first tubular body using a mandrel. On the other hand, a step is formed at the opening end of the second cylindrical body and is not more than the thickness of the first cylindrical body and is fitted into the through hole.
【０００９】この構成により、第１筒状体の外周面に形
成する平坦部には、第２筒状体の開口端部に形成した段
部をロウ付け可能なスペースが形成されていればよいこ
とになる。したがって、平坦部の占有面積を小さく抑え
ることができ、第１筒状体内への突出量を抑制可能とな
る。また、第１筒状体の貫通孔に嵌合する第２筒状体の
段部の突出量は、第１筒状体の肉厚以下に抑えられてい
る。したがって、第１筒状体内に、第２筒状体の段部が
突出したり、ロウ材が侵入することがない。With this configuration, the flat portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first cylindrical body only needs to have a space in which the step formed at the opening end of the second cylindrical body can be brazed. Will be. Therefore, the area occupied by the flat portion can be reduced, and the amount of protrusion into the first cylindrical body can be suppressed. Further, the projecting amount of the step of the second cylindrical body fitted into the through-hole of the first cylindrical body is suppressed to be equal to or less than the thickness of the first cylindrical body. Therefore, the step of the second cylindrical body does not protrude into the first cylindrical body, and the brazing material does not enter.
【００１０】前記第１筒状体の貫通孔の内面と、前記第
２筒状体の段部の外面との当接面はテーパ面で構成する
と、接合面積が大きくなり、ロウ付け性を高めることが
できる点で好ましい。If the contact surface between the inner surface of the through-hole of the first cylindrical body and the outer surface of the step of the second cylindrical body is formed as a tapered surface, the joining area is increased and the brazing property is improved. It is preferable in that it can be performed.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係る実施形態を添
付図面に従って説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１２】図１は、本実施形態に係る筒状体接続構造
を示す。この接続構造では、本発明に係る第１筒状体に
相当するパイプ１の途中に貫通孔２が穿設され、この貫
通孔２を含む所定領域に平坦部３が形成されている。平
坦部３は、後述するロウ付け時、ロウ材が外周面を伝っ
て流れることを防止可能な最小領域に形成されている。
このため、パイプ１内への膨出寸法が小さく、パイプ１
内を流動する冷媒の圧力損失に与える影響はごく僅かで
ある。具体的に、外径約１６mm、肉厚約１．２ｍｍのパ
イプ１に対して貫通孔２の内径が約８mmの場合、平坦部
３を約２０ｍｍ径で形成することにより、ロウ材の流れ
を防止しつつ、パイプ１内への膨出寸法を約２mmに抑え
ることができた。FIG. 1 shows a tubular body connection structure according to this embodiment. In this connection structure, a through-hole 2 is formed in the middle of a pipe 1 corresponding to the first cylindrical body according to the present invention, and a flat portion 3 is formed in a predetermined area including the through-hole 2. The flat portion 3 is formed in a minimum region where the brazing material can be prevented from flowing along the outer peripheral surface during brazing described later.
For this reason, the swelling dimension into the pipe 1 is small,
The effect of the refrigerant flowing inside on the pressure loss is negligible. Specifically, when the inner diameter of the through hole 2 is about 8 mm with respect to the pipe 1 having an outer diameter of about 16 mm and a wall thickness of about 1.2 mm, the flow of the brazing material is made by forming the flat portion 3 with a diameter of about 20 mm. While preventing this, the swelling dimension into the pipe 1 could be suppressed to about 2 mm.
【００１３】前記貫通孔２には、本発明に係る第２筒状
体である外均ユニオン４が接続されるようになってい
る。外均ユニオン４は、接続される開口端に段部５が形
成されている。この段部５は、高さが前記パイプ１の肉
厚とほぼ同一又は肉厚以下の寸法となるように形成され
ている。なお、外均ユニオン４は、パイプ１内を流動す
る冷媒圧力を接続ユニオン２０を介して膨張弁に伝達
し、その開度を調整するために利用される。An outer union 4, which is a second cylindrical body according to the present invention, is connected to the through hole 2. The outer uniform union 4 has a step portion 5 formed at an open end to be connected. The step 5 is formed such that its height is substantially the same as or less than the thickness of the pipe 1. The outer union 4 transmits the pressure of the refrigerant flowing in the pipe 1 to the expansion valve via the connection union 20 and is used for adjusting the opening degree.
【００１４】前記パイプ１への貫通孔２及び平坦部３の
形成には、図３に示すように、チャック６及びマンドレ
ル７を使用する。チャック６は、パイプ１の貫通孔２及
び平坦部３を形成しようとする部分を含む所定領域の外
周面全体を保持する。チャック６の上面中央部にはパン
チ９を挿入するための挿入孔８が穿設されている。パン
チ９は、平坦部３及び貫通孔２を同時形成するために先
端面中央部に円柱状の突起１０を備えた段付き形状とな
っている。マンドレル７は、パイプ１の内周面にほぼ沿
った断面形状である。マンドレル７の上面には平坦部３
を形成するための平坦受面１１が形成されている。平坦
受面１１の中央部には貫通孔２を形成するための凹部１
２が形成されている。As shown in FIG. 3, a chuck 6 and a mandrel 7 are used for forming the through hole 2 and the flat portion 3 in the pipe 1. The chuck 6 holds the entire outer peripheral surface of a predetermined region including a portion where the through hole 2 and the flat portion 3 of the pipe 1 are to be formed. An insertion hole 8 for inserting a punch 9 is formed in the center of the upper surface of the chuck 6. The punch 9 has a stepped shape provided with a columnar projection 10 at the center of the front end surface in order to simultaneously form the flat portion 3 and the through hole 2. The mandrel 7 has a cross-sectional shape substantially along the inner peripheral surface of the pipe 1. Flat part 3 on the upper surface of mandrel 7
Are formed on the flat receiving surface 11. A recess 1 for forming a through hole 2 in the center of the flat receiving surface 11
2 are formed.
【００１５】前記チャック６及びマンドレル７による貫
通孔２及び平坦部３の形成方法は次の通りである。ま
ず、チャック６によりパイプ１の外周面を保持し、マン
ドレル７をパイプ１の一端開口部から挿入する。マンド
レル７の挿入位置はパイプ１の外周面を保持したチャッ
ク６との位置関係によって正確に設定することができ
る。そこで、チャック６の挿入孔８を介してパンチ９を
降下させ、貫通孔２及び平坦部３を同時に形成する。パ
イプ１は、パンチ９の先端面とマンドレル７の平坦受面
１１との間に挟まれて平坦部３を形成され、突起１０と
凹部１２とで貫通孔２が穿設される。貫通孔２を穿設す
ることにより切除されたパイプ１の一部は前記凹部１２
内に保持されるので、パイプ１からマンドレル７を排出
する際、パイプ１の内周面を傷付けることなく取り出す
ことができる。The method of forming the through hole 2 and the flat portion 3 by the chuck 6 and the mandrel 7 is as follows. First, the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 1 is held by the chuck 6, and the mandrel 7 is inserted from one end opening of the pipe 1. The insertion position of the mandrel 7 can be accurately set by the positional relationship with the chuck 6 holding the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 1. Then, the punch 9 is lowered through the insertion hole 8 of the chuck 6, and the through hole 2 and the flat portion 3 are simultaneously formed. The pipe 1 has a flat portion 3 formed between the distal end surface of the punch 9 and the flat receiving surface 11 of the mandrel 7, and the through hole 2 is formed by the projection 10 and the concave portion 12. A part of the pipe 1 cut by drilling the through hole 2 is
When the mandrel 7 is discharged from the pipe 1, it can be taken out without damaging the inner peripheral surface of the pipe 1.
【００１６】このようにして貫通孔２及び平坦部３を形
成されたパイプ１には外均ユニオン４が接続される。外
均ユニオン４の接続では、その開口端に形成した段部５
を貫通孔２に嵌合する。段部５の高さは、前述の通り、
パイプ１の肉厚とほぼ同じかそれよりも小さい。しか
も、パイプ１に形成される平坦部３により、貫通孔２の
嵌合幅は、平坦部３の表面から段部５の嵌合方向に対し
て均一となる。このため、外均ユニオン４がパイプ１内
に突出することはない。また、外均ユニオン４の開口端
をパイプ１の平坦部３に当接させることができるので、
外均ユニオン４をパイプ１に対して正確に直交するよう
に位置決めして仮固定することが可能である。An outer union 4 is connected to the pipe 1 in which the through hole 2 and the flat portion 3 are formed as described above. In the connection of the outer union 4, the step 5 formed at the open end thereof
Into the through hole 2. The height of the step 5 is as described above.
It is almost the same as or smaller than the wall thickness of the pipe 1. In addition, due to the flat portion 3 formed in the pipe 1, the fitting width of the through hole 2 becomes uniform in the fitting direction of the step portion 5 from the surface of the flat portion 3. Therefore, the outer union 4 does not project into the pipe 1. Also, since the open end of the outer uniform union 4 can be brought into contact with the flat portion 3 of the pipe 1,
The outer union 4 can be positioned and temporarily fixed so as to be orthogonal to the pipe 1 exactly.
【００１７】仮固定したパイプ１と外均ユニオン４とは
接合部分に固体ロウ材を介在させて高温に加熱すること
によりロウ付けする。このとき、パイプ１には平坦部３
が形成されているので、溶解したロウ材は平坦部３に留
まり、パイプ１の外周面にまで流れることはない。ま
た、外均ユニオン４の段部５がパイプ１内に突出しない
ため、ロウ材がパイプ１内に流入することもない。した
がって、その後のパイプ１内に於ける冷媒の流動に悪影
響を及ぼすこともない。The temporarily fixed pipe 1 and outer uniform union 4 are brazed by heating to a high temperature with a solid brazing material interposed at the joint. At this time, the pipe 1 has a flat portion 3
Is formed, the melted brazing material remains in the flat portion 3 and does not flow to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 1. Since the step 5 of the outer union 4 does not protrude into the pipe 1, the brazing material does not flow into the pipe 1. Therefore, there is no adverse effect on the flow of the refrigerant in the pipe 1 thereafter.
【００１８】なお、前記実施形態では、筒状体接続構造
を、パイプ１に外均ユニオン４を接続するものに採用し
たが、他の種々の筒状体の接続に採用可能である。例え
ば、パイプ１に冷媒の充填及び排出のために利用するチ
ャージバルブを接続する場合や、車外側熱交換器である
コンデンサにパイプ１を接続する場合等に採用可能であ
る。In the above-described embodiment, the tubular body connecting structure is used for connecting the outer uniform union 4 to the pipe 1, but it can be used for connecting other various tubular bodies. For example, the present invention can be applied to a case where a charge valve used for charging and discharging a refrigerant is connected to the pipe 1 or a case where the pipe 1 is connected to a condenser which is a vehicle-side heat exchanger.
【００１９】また、パイプ１の貫通孔２の内周面と、外
均ユニオン４の段部５の外周面とをテーパ面で構成する
ようにしてもよい。これによれば、ロウ付け面積を大き
くすることができ、パイプ１と外均ユニオン４との接合
状態を良好なものとすることが可能となる。Further, the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 2 of the pipe 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the step portion 5 of the outer union 4 may be formed as tapered surfaces. According to this, the brazing area can be increased, and the joining state between the pipe 1 and the outer union 4 can be improved.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明
に係る筒状体接続構造によれば、第１筒状体の外周面
に、貫通孔及び平坦部をマンドレルを使用して同時に形
成したので、加工が容易となり、平坦部の占有領域を管
内の圧力損失が問題とならない必要最小範囲に抑えるこ
とができる。また、第２筒状体の開口端部に、第１筒状
体の肉厚以下で、貫通孔に嵌合される段部を形成したの
で、第２筒状体が第１筒状体内に突出したり、ロウ材が
管内に侵入することなくロウ付けすることができ、管内
の流動状態に悪影響を与えることもない。As is apparent from the above description, according to the tubular body connection structure of the present invention, a through hole and a flat portion are simultaneously formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first tubular body using a mandrel. Therefore, the processing is facilitated, and the occupied area of the flat portion can be suppressed to a necessary minimum range where the pressure loss in the pipe does not matter. In addition, since a step portion which is not more than the thickness of the first cylindrical body and is fitted into the through hole is formed at the opening end of the second cylindrical body, the second cylindrical body is provided inside the first cylindrical body. It can be brazed without protruding or the brazing material entering the pipe, and does not adversely affect the flow state in the pipe.
【００２１】また、第１筒状体の貫通孔の内面と、第２
筒状体の段部の外面との当接面をテーパ面で構成したの
で、接触面積が大きくなってロウ付け性を高めることが
できる。また、テーパ面合わせであるので、貫通孔への
段部の嵌合を容易に行わせることができ、作業性が向上
する。Further, the inner surface of the through-hole of the first cylindrical body and the second
Since the contact surface of the stepped portion of the cylindrical body with the outer surface is formed as a tapered surface, the contact area is increased and the brazing property can be improved. In addition, since the tapered surface is aligned, the step can be easily fitted into the through hole, and workability is improved.
【図１】 本実施形態に係る筒状体接続構造の一例を示
す分解断面図である。FIG. 1 is an exploded sectional view showing an example of a tubular body connection structure according to the present embodiment.
【図２】 図１の組立横断面（ａ）及び縦断面図（ｂ）
である。2 (a) and FIG. 2 (b) are cross-sectional views of the assembly shown in FIG.
It is.
【図３】 図１に示すパイプに平坦部及び貫通孔を形成
する状態を示す横断面図（ａ）及び縦断面図（ｂ）であ
る。3A and 3B are a cross-sectional view and a vertical cross-sectional view, respectively, showing a state in which a flat portion and a through hole are formed in the pipe shown in FIG.
１…パイプ ２…貫通孔 ３…平坦部 ４…外均ユニオン ５…段部 ６…チャック ７…マンドレル ８…挿入孔 ９…パンチ １０…突起 １１…平坦受面 １２…凹部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Pipe 2 ... Through-hole 3 ... Flat part 4 ... Outer uniform union 5 ... Step part 6 ... Chuck 7 ... Mandrel 8 ... Insertion hole 9 ... Punch 10 ... Projection 11 ... Flat receiving surface 12 ... Concave part
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｆ２５Ｂ 41/00 Ｆ２８Ｆ 9/02 ３０１Ｅ Ｆ２８Ｆ 9/02 ３０１ 9/26 9/26 Ｆ１６Ｌ 41/02 Ｚ ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F25B 41/00 F28F 9/02 301E F28F 9/02 301 9/26 9/26 F16L 41/02 Z
Claims (2)
に、第２筒状体の開口端部をロウ付けによって接続する
筒状体接続構造において、 前記第１筒状体の外周面に、前記貫通孔と、該貫通孔を
含む所定領域に位置する平坦部とを、マンドレルを使用
して同時に形成する一方、 前記第２筒状体の開口端部に、前記第１筒状体の肉厚以
下で、前記貫通孔に嵌合される段部を形成したことを特
徴とする筒状体接続構造。1. A tubular body connection structure for connecting an opening end of a second tubular body to a through hole formed in an outer peripheral surface of a first tubular body by brazing, wherein: On the outer peripheral surface, the through-hole and a flat portion located in a predetermined region including the through-hole are simultaneously formed using a mandrel, while the opening end of the second cylindrical body is provided with the first cylinder. A tubular body connection structure, wherein a step portion to be fitted into the through hole is formed with a thickness of the tubular body or less.
第２筒状体の段部の外面との当接面はテーパ面で構成し
たことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の筒状体接続構造。2. The contact surface between the inner surface of the through-hole of the first cylindrical body and the outer surface of the step of the second cylindrical body is formed as a tapered surface. Tubular body connection structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31097499A JP3515930B2 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 1999-11-01 | Tubular body connection structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31097499A JP3515930B2 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 1999-11-01 | Tubular body connection structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001132885A true JP2001132885A (en) | 2001-05-18 |
| JP3515930B2 JP3515930B2 (en) | 2004-04-05 |
Family
ID=18011645
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31097499A Expired - Fee Related JP3515930B2 (en) | 1999-11-01 | 1999-11-01 | Tubular body connection structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3515930B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005509529A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2005-04-14 | ボルボ エアロ コーポレイション | Method for manufacturing stationary blade or moving blade component |
| JP2016036831A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-22 | ブリヂストンフローテック株式会社 | Brazing structure |
| KR102607321B1 (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-11-29 | 윤승호 | apparatus of cap |
-
1999
- 1999-11-01 JP JP31097499A patent/JP3515930B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005509529A (en) * | 2001-11-22 | 2005-04-14 | ボルボ エアロ コーポレイション | Method for manufacturing stationary blade or moving blade component |
| JP2016036831A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-03-22 | ブリヂストンフローテック株式会社 | Brazing structure |
| KR102607321B1 (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-11-29 | 윤승호 | apparatus of cap |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3515930B2 (en) | 2004-04-05 |
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