JP2001132140A - Wall structure of wooden building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the wall structure of a wooden building particularly usable for air conditioners that use a solar system or geothermal energy with excellent earthquake resistance and air permeability. SOLUTION: A plurality of bracing plates 5 are mounted in spaced apart relationship on the outdoor side of framework 1 having a foundation 4, columns 2 and beams 3, and a plurality of diagonal air passages 12 extending vertically diagonally and a plurality of vertical air passages 13 extending from the lower end to the upper end of the framework 1 and communicating with the diagonal air passages 12 are provided. The inner width of each vertical air passage 13 is greater than that of each diagonal air passage 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wall structure of a wooden building which can be mainly used as an air passage of a solar system or a cooling / heating device utilizing geothermal energy and which is extremely excellent in earthquake resistance and ventilation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Houses in Japan reflect the unique climate of Japan, which is hot and humid, and a strong attachment to wooden skin.
Many are still constructed using timber bases, pillars, beams, etc. as main structural materials.

Recently, many have been constructed based on the lessons learned from the Great Hanshin Earthquake, with particular emphasis on seismic resistance, and with a solar system that utilizes solar heat to cope with the energy crisis since the oil shock. In addition, those equipped with a cooling / heating device using geothermal energy having a constant temperature throughout the year are being developed.

By the way, conventionally, the seismic reinforcement of a wooden building is as follows.
In addition to using a lot of bracing and bracing, the joint (joint) between the base and the pillar, and the joint between the pillar and the beam are reinforced with special reinforcing hardware, respectively. In such a case, a lath base plate is stuck horizontally or a structural plywood is stuck to increase the rigidity of not only the joint but also the entire frame as much as possible.

In many solar systems, a heat storage element having a large heat capacity is placed in a window or a wall to which sunlight is applied, and the heat stored in the heat storage element during the day is stored indoors at night using water or air as a heat medium. Release. Further, a device that uses geothermal heat instead of solar heat utilizes the fact that the underground temperature under the floor is always constant, and releases this geothermal heat to a room through a heat medium such as water or air.

[0006]

However, the seismic retrofitting with a lath base plate has a problem that the evaluation of the so-called wall magnification is small and high rigidity cannot be expected much, although the construction is troublesome.

On the other hand, in the case of seismic reinforcement using structural plywood, structural plywood is attached to the entire surface of the frame, so that the rigidity of the frame is greatly increased, but the ventilation of the wall is completely shut off. There are problems such as dew condensation inside the wall, or the inside of the wall is stuffy and the base material, and eventually the pillars and other structural materials are also corroded.In particular, the mortar finish is performed after the insulation material is filled. If it is, the air layer in the wall becomes extremely narrow and the air permeability is significantly reduced, so that the inside tends to corrode within a short period of time.

[0008] Structural plywood is very effective for seismic reinforcement of wooden buildings. However, simply attaching structural plywood tends to increase the rigidity of the outer wall too much. In the case where a portion having relatively small rigidity is broken due to an earthquake or the like due to the presence of such an opening, the entire wall may be brittlely broken.

[0009] In any case of seismic reinforcement using a lath base plate or a structural plywood, when the finish is a painted wall such as mortar, if the frame is deformed due to an earthquake or the like, cracks are formed around the windows. In the case of a lath substrate, cracks tend to be easily formed due to the low rigidity of the frame. Therefore, in the case of a lath substrate, a lath is provided around an opening such as around a window in preparation for this. It was necessary to reinforce it carefully, such as by layering.

Further, even if the connection between the base and the column and the connection between the column and the beam are reinforced with dedicated reinforcing hardware,
There is a possibility that the pillars may be lifted up by being violently pushed up during an earthquake or the like, especially in the case of a lath ground.

Further, solar systems and geothermal cooling / heating devices that have been widely adopted in houses so far are:
Since most of them use water as a heat medium, it is necessary to pay attention to water leakage and the like, and there is a problem that the apparatus is likely to be complicated. In addition, there is another problem in that a separate pipe for circulating water as a heat medium needs to be installed, which increases the cost.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and can be used particularly as an air passage for a solar system or a cooling / heating device utilizing geothermal heat, and is also extremely excellent in earthquake resistance and air permeability. It is an object to provide a wall structure of a wooden building.

[0013]

As means for solving the above problems, a wall structure of a wooden building according to the present invention comprises:
As claimed in claim 1, a plurality of strips are attached at predetermined intervals on the outdoor side, the indoor side, or on both sides of the outdoor side and the indoor side of the frame having a base, a column, and a beam, and an oblique air passage that is continuous in the vertical direction. And a plurality of vertical air passages continuous from the lower end to the upper end of the shaft assembly and continuous with the oblique air passage.

Further, in the wall structure of the wooden building according to the first aspect, the inside width of the vertical air passage is formed wider than that of the oblique air passage, and a lath base plate is attached as a band-like plate.

[0015]

1 to 7 show an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a frame of a wooden building constructed from a column 2, a beam 3, a base 4, and the like. And 6 are attached to the outdoor side of the frame 1 to form a rigid wall (hereinafter, referred to as a “breath wall 7”) integrally with the frame 1, and are applied as a finish to the outdoor side of the frame 1. A breath plate and a gusset plate serving as a base material of the mortar to be formed, 8 and 9 are pasted on a breath wall 7 in order, and a breath plate 5
Waterproof paper and lath wire mesh as a base material for mortar outer wall finishing together with the gusset plate 6, mortar 10 is coated as a finishing material on the waterproof paper 8 and lath wire mesh 9, and reference numeral 11 is the breath plate 5 and It is a heat insulating material such as glass wool filled inside the gusset plate 6.

The breath plate 5 is formed in an elongated strip shape, and has both ends on the outside of the frame 1 on the columns 2 or the columns 2 and the base 4.
Alternatively, by nailing to the pillar 2 and the beam 3, respectively, it is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the material axis of the pillar 1 (about 45 °).
It is installed diagonally.

The gusset plate 6 is formed in a triangular plate shape.
The two sides are attached to the pillar 2 and the base 4 or the pillar 2 and the beam 3 and the struts 14 to the outside of the room.

Further, the breath plates 5 are attached at predetermined intervals, and oblique air passages 12 are formed between the adjacent breath plates 5 and 5 and between the adjacent breath plates 5 and the gusset plate 6 so as to be continuous in the material axis direction. I have.

The ends of the breath plate 5 are formed obliquely and are fixed to the outside of the columns 2, beams 3 and the base 4 by being nailed, so that the columns 2, beams 3 and the base are fixed. A vertical air passage 13 which is continuous with the axial direction of these members and which is continuous with the oblique air passage 12 is formed on the outside of the room 4. In this case, the inner width of the vertical air passage 13 is formed wider than that of the oblique air passage 12.

In particular, at the end of the outer wall, for example, as shown in FIGS.
Are continuously attached in the axial direction of the column 2. By doing so, the vertical air passage 13 can be reliably formed at the end of the outer wall, and the end of the outer wall finishing material can be reliably fixed to the column 2 via the crosspiece 16.

A gusset plate 6 formed in a rhombus shape is attached to a connection portion where the pillars 2 and the beams 3 on the upper and lower floors are joined in a cross shape (see FIG. 3). Alternatively, a gusset plate 6 having an isosceles triangular plate shape is attached to a joint where the column 2 and the base 4 are joined in a T-shape, and the joint is reinforced in a rigidly joined state. Since the joint portions can be reinforced with one gusset plate 6 at a time, the number of parts of the gusset plate 6 can be reduced, and labor for construction can be saved.

In principle, the shaft 1 is reinforced by a plurality of braces 14. At this time, the streak 14 is mounted orthogonal to the breath plate 5 so as to resist horizontal external force in both directions.

The bracing 14 can be nailed to the pillar 2 and the base 4 and also to the (girder) 3, fixed with hardware such as a bracing plate, nailed to a plywood gusset plate,
Alternatively, they are fixed together.

In such a configuration, an oblique air passage 12 and a vertical air passage 13 extending from the lower end to the upper end of the outer wall are formed continuously between the shaft assembly 1 and the mortar 10. Is formed obliquely at a predetermined angle (about 45 °) with respect to the material axis of the column 1,
For example, if a ventilation opening communicating with the oblique air passage 12 and the vertical air passage 13 is installed in the outer wall, the back of the eaves, or the ridge of the roof, the air in the outer wall is caused by the temperature difference and the humidity difference from the lower end to the upper end of the outer wall. Due to the flow of air, the inside of the outer wall is always naturally ventilated, so that the air containing a large amount of moisture does not stop inside the outer wall and is quickly discharged out of the ventilation hole to prevent condensation inside the outer wall. Can be prevented.

In particular, since the inside width of the vertical air passage 13 is formed wider than that of the oblique air passage 12, the air flowing through the vertical air passage 13 has a larger rise than the air flowing through the oblique air passage 12. Due to the force generated, the moist air in the wall is expelled more quickly.

In this case, if waterproof paper 8 (eg, nonwoven fabric) having high moisture permeability is used as the waterproof paper 8, the outer wall itself has air permeability, so that dew condensation or the like in the outer wall can be more reliably prevented. .

Further, for example, a heat collector for collecting solar heat on a roof or the like, and a heat storage tank for storing the solar heat collected by the heat collector under the floor are provided, respectively. The oblique air passage 12 and the vertical air passage 13 communicate with each other,
And the oblique air passage 12 and the vertical air passage 1
It can be used as a solar system by installing an air discharge damper which communicates with 3 and opens in the room.

Further, if the air passing underground under the floor is discharged into the room through the oblique air passage 12 and the vertical air passage 13, the air passage for cooling in summer and the air passage for heating in winter can be obtained. Can be used as each.

As described above, if the oblique air passage 12 and the vertical air passage 13 are used as air passages through which air serving as a heat medium passes, it is possible to omit a pipe through which air is daringly provided.
Significant cost reduction can be achieved.

In any case, an active solar system and an active cooling / heating device can be provided by installing a fan for supplying air as a heat medium.

The gusset plate 6 is attached to the joint of the shaft assembly 1 and the plurality of breath plates 5 are attached to portions other than the joint, so that the breath plate 5 and the gusset plate 6 are connected to each other. Since the breath wall 7 is formed integrally with the set 1, the earthquake resistance is significantly improved.

In addition, since the breath plate 5 is attached to the side surface of the shaft assembly 1 at a predetermined interval, the breath wall 7 does not necessarily have a completely rigid body but has a certain flexibility. It also has high flexibility, toughness, and resilience, and thus has the effect of preventing brittle fracture during an earthquake.

At this time, the size (dimensions) of the gusset plate 6
The rigidity, flexibility, toughness, and resilience of the breath wall 7 can be freely adjusted by appropriately changing the thickness and appropriately changing the width, the thickness, the number of the breath plates 5, and the mounting interval. That is, for example, if the gusset plate 6 is increased in size, the number of the breath plates 5 is increased, and the mounting interval is reduced, the rigidity of the breath wall 7 is increased. If the number of wires 5 is reduced and the mounting interval is increased, the rigidity of the breath wall 7 decreases.

FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) show panels in which a plurality of breath plates 5 and a plurality of gusset plates 6 can be set at one time. 14 and is temporarily fixed to the struts 14 and the studs 15 by nailing or the like. Further, if necessary, the both ends of the breath plate 5 are pierced around so that the ends thereof are not shaken (not shown). ) Is nailed. If this breath wall panel is used, a plurality of breath plates 5 and gussets 6 can be attached at one time, and the labor on site work can be greatly reduced.

In the above description, the breath plate 5 and the gusset 6 are mounted on the outdoor side of the shaft set 1 to form the breath wall 7 on the outdoor side of the shaft set 1. Alternatively, it may be attached to both the indoor side and the outdoor side of the shaft assembly 1 to form a double breath wall 7 on both sides of the shaft assembly 1.

[0036]

The present invention has the above-described structure,
A plurality of band-shaped plates are attached at predetermined intervals on the outside or inside of the frame having a base, a pillar and a beam, or on both sides thereof, and a diagonal air passage that is continuous in the vertical direction and is continuous from the lower end to the upper end of the frame. And, since a plurality of vertical air passages continuous with the oblique air passage are provided, respectively,
There is an effect that the oblique air passage and the vertical air passage can be used as a ventilation passage, an air passage of a solar system or a cooling / heating device using geothermal heat, and the like.

In this case, in particular, an air flow is generated from the lower end to the upper end in the wall due to a temperature difference and a humidity difference. Therefore, the inside of the wall is always naturally ventilated, and the inside of the wall is condensed. This is particularly suitable when the wall is filled with a heat insulating material and the air layer inside the wall is extremely narrow. In addition, since ventilation in the wall is performed by natural ventilation based on a temperature difference and a humidity difference, mechanical equipment for ventilation is not particularly required, and it is very economical.

Further, since the inside width of the vertical air passage is formed wider than that of the oblique air passage, a large ascending force is generated in the air flowing through the vertical air passage, so that the air quickly flows through the air passage. Flows.

Further, a rigid wall (a breath wall) integrally formed with the frame is provided on the side surface of the joint (joining portion) between the main structural members such as the base and the pillar of the frame and the side surface other than the port. ), And a plurality of gusset plates and breath plates, which are the bases of the walls constructed on the side surfaces of the frame, are respectively nailed and attached, so that the earthquake resistance is extremely high. Pulling out, rotation, etc. of the connecting portion can be reliably prevented.

Further, since the breath plate is attached to the side surface of the frame at a predetermined interval, the breath wall does not necessarily form a completely rigid body, but has high flexibility, toughness, and resilience. Therefore, there is an effect that brittle fracture during an earthquake can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a wooden frame.

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a structure of an outer wall portion.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged side view of a wooden frame.

FIG. 4 is a partial side view of the wooden frame showing the flow of air.

FIG. 5 is a partial side view of the wooden frame showing the flow of air.

FIG. 6 is a partial side view of the wooden frame showing the flow of air.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are front views of a breath wall panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 frame set 2 column 3 beam 4 base 5 breath plate 6 gusset plate 7 breath wall 8 waterproof paper 9 lath wire mesh 10 mortar 11 heat insulating material 12 oblique air passage 13 vertical air passage 14 streak 15 stud 16 beam member

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/70 E04B 1/70 DF Term (Reference) 2E001 DB02 EA09 FA04 GA12 GA42 GA44 GA51 GA74 HC01 KA05 LA12 NA07 ND12 2E002 EA08 EB12 FA03 FB01 FB02 FB07 FB11 FB12 FB15 HA03 HB01 JC02 JC03 JD01 LA00 LA02 LA03 MA11 MA12 MA21 MA27

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An oblique air passage which is attached to a plurality of strips at predetermined intervals on the outdoor side, the indoor side, or on both sides of the outdoor side and the indoor side of a frame having a base, a column, and a beam, and is continuous in a vertical diagonal direction. And a vertical air passage continuing from the lower end to the upper end of the shaft assembly and continuing with the oblique air passage,
A wall structure of a wooden building, characterized by being provided with a plurality of each. 2. The wall structure of a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein the inner width of the vertical air passage is wider than that of the oblique air passage. 3. The wall structure of a wooden building according to claim 1, wherein a lath base plate is attached as the band-shaped plate.