JP2002356930A - Basement-attached steel frame unit residential building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten a construction period at a site, save a construction cost, achieve excellent in habitability such as aseismic performance, durability, structural safety, heat insulation performance, sound-proof performance, and airtightness, and reduce an air conditioning load and an air conditioning cost by effective utilization of underground heat energy. SOLUTION: Structures 4W, 4F, 4C of walls, floors, and ceilings comprising outside metal plates 6 on the outside of core steel frames 5, interior finishing wooden substrates 8 on the inside, and heat insulating layers between inner and outer plates 10 and 6 are fabricated in a factory to compos plural box units 1 of a rigid frame structure in the short sides and an aseismic wall structure in the direction of long sides. A plurality of the box units 1 are stacked in the vertical direction including a basement at the residential building site, and the stacked units are fixed and jointed to each other to build this basement-attached residential building. It is composed in such a way that air with less temperature change in a circulation and ventilation path 15B formed in an outer circumference of an interior wall of the unit B1 buried as the basement can be forcedly circulated to circulation and ventilation paths 15F1 and 15F2 in outer circumferences of interior walls of the units F1 and F2 above the ground.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement. In detail, by making the most of the vertical space of narrow land that is often present in urban areas, a steel frame with a basement suitable for securing a large living space (total floor area) despite being small land It relates to a unit type residential building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a residential building having a large living space (total floor area) in a small area often seen in an urban area, a multi-story building with a basement is used so that the vertical space can be utilized as efficiently as possible. It can be considered a residential building. In particular, in the case of a residential building, there is a privilege that the basement is not included in the floor area ratio up to one third of the total floor area. In order to make use of this privilege, the present inventor has developed a vertical space such as a basement + two to three stories. It has already proposed a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement that makes the best use of it.

[0003] In a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement that the present inventor has already proposed, a metal outer plate is fixed outside a plurality of core members and an interior finish is provided inside the core members. A wall structure in which a wooden base is provided, and a heat insulating layer is formed at least in a space between the outer plate and the inner plate fixed to the wooden base, at a position surrounding the core steel frame and at a position in contact with the outer plate. By assembling the ceiling structure and the floor structure, a box-type unit with a □ -shaped rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a shock-resistant wall structure in the long side direction is constructed, and a box-type unit with the same specifications and the same structure as above Are carried into the housing construction site, one of them is buried underground, the other is stacked on the underground buried unit, and the vertically adjacent units are fixedly connected to each other. One in which you composed.

[0004] A steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement proposed by the present inventor having the above-described configuration is a conventional general steel-framed basement-type residential building, that is, a hole for constructing a basement at a construction site. After the excavation, foundation work was performed in the excavation hole, and a steel column with a height from the basement to the top of the above-ground building was built on the foundation, and a steel beam was hung on the steel column to form a frame. With a conventional steel-frame basement constructed by on-site construction, such as constructing the structure and then attaching the basement and the walls, floors, ceilings, roofs, etc. of the basement and the above-ground building sequentially to the frame structure Compared to a residential building, there is very little on-site construction.Even in a small area, a residential building with a sufficiently large living space can be efficiently constructed in a very short time. Since the box-type units, which have a composite structure with the diaphragm wall structure and have excellent structural safety, are joined and integrated, the large wind pressure applied to the above-ground building unit as well as the large earth pressure and water pressure applied to the underground buried unit The ground-building unit has sufficient strength to withstand the ground structure, and the underground buried unit, which has high structural safety, will be firmly supported on the ground. It has excellent seismic resistance and durability, such as minimizing unit shaking.In addition, the floor structure and ceiling structure of vertically adjacent units have a double-sided structure including a heat insulation layer. Therefore, it is possible to improve the comfort and seismic resistance and durability, which are highly demanded for a residential building, such as heat insulation and soundproofing, and to upgrade the entire residential building. It has the advantage.

[0005]

On the other hand, a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement proposed by the present inventor is:
Compared to the case of wooden houses, it uses materials with good heat conductivity, such as metal cores such as steel cores and steel plates that form the framework of the wall structures and ceiling structures that make up the units for ground buildings. Therefore, there is a problem that the air conditioning (cooling / heating) load increases due to the influence of the temperature change due to the seasonal variation and the rapid temperature change during the day and night, and the cost of the air conditioning increases.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and has a remarkably shortened construction period and a large reduction in construction cost, and is extremely excellent in earthquake resistance, durability, structural safety, soundproofing, and airtightness. In addition to being able to secure a sufficiently large living space even in a small land, a steel frame unit-type house with a basement that can reduce the temperature change of the entire residential building and reduce the air-conditioning cost required for ensuring comfortable livability It is intended to provide buildings.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, in a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement according to the present invention, a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a plurality of core members and a core member is provided. A wooden foundation for interior finishing is provided inside the steel frame, and a heat insulating layer is provided at least in a space between the outer plate and the inner plate fixed to the wooden substrate, at a portion surrounding the core steel frame and at a portion in contact with the outer plate. By assembling the formed wall structure, ceiling structure, and floor structure, a box-type unit with a □ -type rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a shock-resistant wall structure in the long side direction is constructed, and has the same specifications A plurality of box-type units having the same structure are carried into a house construction site, one of which is buried underground, and the other unit is stacked on the underground buried unit, and the vertically adjacent units are buried. Tsu the door to each other in a basement with a steel frame building unit type residential building which is formed by fixedly joined to each other,
Each box-type unit is formed by connecting the air layers without the heat-insulating layer to each other in the space between the outer plate and the inner plate in the ceiling structure, wall structure, and floor structure constituting each box-type unit. A circulation ventilation path surrounding the outer circumference of the unit inner wall is formed for each unit, and the circulation ventilation ventilation paths of each box-type unit are connected to each other by ducts to allow the air in the circulation ventilation ventilation path in the underground buried unit to circulate in the ground building unit. It is characterized by being configured to be capable of forced circulation on a road.

[0010] According to the present invention having the above-described structure, as compared with a conventional general steel-framed basement building with a basement that employs construction means by on-site construction, it has the advantages as described above, that is, significantly shortens the construction period. In addition to greatly reducing construction costs, it has many advantages such as excellent earthquake resistance, durability, structural safety, soundproofing, airtightness, and securing a sufficiently large living space even on narrow land. ing. In addition, in the present invention, focusing on the fact that the temperature of the underground in which the units forming the basement are buried is stable throughout the year, and that the temperature and humidity change during the day is very small, For effective use, the core in the underground buried unit is forcibly circulated to the circulating air passage in the unit for the ground building through a duct fan or the like through the air in the circulating air passage formed around the outer wall of the unit inner wall of the underground buried unit. The temperature change of the wall structure and the ceiling structure in the unit for the ground building in which the material with good heat conductivity such as the steel frame and the metal skin is used is extremely small, and the air conditioning (cooling / heating) load is reduced accordingly. The company succeeded in reducing the cost of air conditioning required to ensure comfortable livability.

In the steel-framed unit-type residential building with a basement according to the present invention, the underground buried unit and the unit for the ground building and / or the units for the ground building stacked vertically are separated from each other. By adopting a configuration in which metal plate members fixed to the ends of the core steel frames of adjacent units are fixedly joined to each other with bolts sandwiching the waterproof sealing material, the unit is in a unit-stacked form, but is high. High airtightness and high soundproofing to prevent intrusion of sound from outside and sound leakage from inside (living space) are obtained, and to prevent external leakage of air in the circulation ventilation passage in the underground buried unit, Thus, the performance of reducing the air-conditioning load by the forced circulation of air can be enhanced, and the air-conditioning cost can be further reduced.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external front view of a steel-frame unit-equipped two-story residential building with a basement according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective vertical sectional view of the same. After standardizing dimensions, shapes, etc., and producing the same specifications and the same structure at the factory,
Of the three box-type units 1 carried into the house construction site via a heavy truck or the like, one unit B1
Is buried underground to construct a basement room BR, and the remaining two units F1 and F2 are sequentially stacked on the underground burying unit B1 to construct second-floor house rooms F1R and F2R. In addition,
In the present embodiment, the gable roof R is constructed on the uppermost part of the second-floor unit F2 for the above-ground building, but the roof may be a solid roof.

Each of the units 1 (B1, F1, F2)
Is constructed by assembling four wall structures 4W, one floor structure 4F, and one ceiling structure 4C into a box at a factory, and by assembling such structures 4W, 4F, and 4C, Box type unit 1 (B1, F1, F
2) has a rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a composite structure of a shear wall structure in the long side direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, the wall structure 4W and the ceiling structure 4C among the structures 4W, 4F, and 4C constituting the box-type units 1 have an appropriate pitch using a channel, H-shaped steel, or the like. A metal outer plate 6 such as a steel plate is fixed to the outside of the core steel members 5 arranged at the center, and a wooden foundation 8 for interior finishing is nailed to the inner flange portions 5a of the core steel members 5. The base stopper members 9 which can be fixed and constructed by bonding or the like are bonded and fixed, and the metal plate members 12 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the core steel members 5 of the wall structure 4W.
12 are fixed. On the other hand, the floor structure 4F is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the metal-made outer plate is not provided on the outer side of the core steel members 5, and the base stopper members 9 are adhesively fixed to the inner flange portions 5a of the core steel members 5.

Each of the box-type units 1 may be integrally formed in a box shape, but may be divided into a plurality of divided units 1A, 1A in the horizontal direction.
The core steel frames 5, 5... Of 1A.
b may be back-to-back, and the back-to-back web portions 5b may be integrated by bolting. In the case of such a division type, among the plurality of division units 1A, the division units 1A located at both ends in the horizontal direction are provided with the wall structure 4W on three surfaces of two surfaces facing each other and a surface orthogonal thereto. And the split unit 1A located in the middle has a wall structure 4W only on two surfaces facing each other and has a structure penetrating in one horizontal direction,
By integrating two of the end division units 1A having the three-sided wall structures 4W and the intermediate division unit 1A of the penetrating structure having the wall structures 4W on the two sides by bolt joining, a single indoor space, that is, , Basement BR and above-ground housing room F1
It is configured to form R, F2R.

As described above, three box-type units 1
... In a total two-story residential building with a basement with a basement constructed by stacking (B1, F1, F2), an underground buried unit B1, a first-floor unit F1 for a ground-based building, and a first-floor unit F1 and a second-floor unit 5 and 6, the wall structures 4W, 4W in the vertically adjacent units B1 and F1, and F1 and F2, as shown in FIGS.
The metal plate members 12 fixed to the lower end and the upper end of the core steel members 5
3 and the upper unit F1,
A joint Y by in-situ welding between the core steel 5 in the floor structure 4F of F2 and the metal outer plate 6 in the ceiling structure 4C of each lower unit B1, F1, and units B1 and F1, which are vertically adjacent to each other, Wall structures 4 in F1 and F2
The ends of the outer plates 6 and 6 of W and 4W are integrally fixedly joined to each other by a joining portion Z formed by field welding over the entire periphery.

A floor finishing material which is nailed or glued to the metal outer plate 6 of each structure 4W, 4F, 4C in each unit 1 ... (B1, F1, F2) and the wooden base 8 at the construction site. An example of a foam insulating material in a space between the wooden inner plate 10 such as a plaster board or a wall finishing material and a portion surrounding the core steel members 5... And a portion in contact with the metal outer plate 6 so that they are not exposed. The heat-insulating layer 11 is formed by spraying urethane foam, which is as follows.

In the above-structured steel-framed total two-story residential building with a basement, each unit 1 (B1, F1, F
In the space between the outer plate 6 and the inner plate 10 in the ceiling structure 4C, the wall structure 4W, and the floor structure 4F constituting 2), the air layers 19 where the heat insulating layer 11 is not formed are connected to each other. By this, each unit 1... (B1, F1,
F2) The circulation ventilation path 1 that forms an air flow as indicated by a thick arrow in FIG. 2 in a state surrounding the outer circumference of the inner wall of the unit.
5B, 15F1 and 15F2 are formed. The circulation ventilation path 15 of each of these units 1... (B1, F1, F2)
B, 15F1, 15F2 are duct fans 16, 16
Through which the air in the circulation ventilation passage 15B in the underground buried unit B1 is separated from the circulation ventilation passage 15F1, 1 in the above-ground building units F1, F2.
5F2 is also configured to be capable of forced circulation. In each of the units 1, an air supply grill 18 is provided on the inner plate 10 of the wall structure 4W, and an exhaust grill 19 is provided on the inner plate 10 of the ceiling structure 4C. Since the exhaust device is not directly related to the present invention, a detailed description is omitted.

The above-mentioned two-story residential building with a basement and a steel frame unit is constructed by assembling three box-type units 1 having the same specifications and the same structure assembled and manufactured in a factory by a heavy truck or the like. And one of the units B1 is stacked vertically (up and down) so as to be buried underground, and each of the wall structures 4 in the vertically adjacent units B1, F1, F1, and F2.
The metal plate members 12, 12 fixed to the lower end and the upper end of the core steel members 5, 5 of W, 4W are fastened and joined by bolts 13 and the cores of the floor units 4F of the upper units F1, F2, F3. Steel frame 5 ... and each lower unit B1, F
Unit joining work in which the ceiling structure 4C of F1 and F2 is joined by a metal outer plate 6 by field welding, and the fixed joining of the end portions of the outer plates 6 and 6 of each wall structure 4W is performed by site welding over the entire circumference. And each structure 4 in each unit 1...
Even if the construction is simple and requires a small number of steps, such as forming the heat insulating layer 11 by spraying urethane foam on the space between the outer plate 6 and the inner plate 10 of W, 4F, 4C, even if the work is on a small land, It is possible to construct a unit-type total two-story residential building with a basement having a sufficiently large living space in a very short construction period.

A box-type unit 1 having a composite structure of a ramen structure and an earthquake-resistant wall structure and having excellent structural safety.
Has a strength enough to withstand not only a large earth pressure and a water pressure applied to the underground buried unit B1 but also a large wind pressure applied to the units F1 and F2 for the above-ground buildings,
Further, since the ground building units F1 and F2 are firmly supported on the ground with the underground buried unit B1 as a deep foundation, the ground building units F1 and F2 at the time of an earthquake occur.
It is also possible to secure extremely excellent earthquake resistance and durability, such as minimizing the sway of rocks. Also, each unit B
By stacking 1, F1 and F2, the floor structure 4F and the ceiling structure 4C of the vertically adjacent layers are heat-insulated layers 11, 11
, It is possible to ensure high heat insulation, soundproofing, and airtightness.

In addition, circulating ventilation paths 15B, 15F1, 15F2 formed so as to surround the outer periphery of the inner wall of each unit 1 are connected to each other via duct fans 16, 16 to the units 1 stacked vertically. The underground thermal energy, which is stable throughout the year and has very little change in temperature and humidity during the day, that is, the air with stable temperature and humidity in the circulation ventilation passage 15B in the underground burying unit B1 is a fan. The circulation ventilation passages 15F1,1 in the units F1, F2 for the ground buildings via the ducts 16,16.
Forced circulation is also performed on 5F2. by this,
The wall structure 4W and the ceiling in the units F1 and F2 for the above-ground buildings, which are made of a material having good thermal conductivity such as the core steel frame 5 and the metal outer plate 6 and which are liable to drastically change in temperature under the influence of the outside temperature. The temperature change of the structure 4C can be kept very small, and the air-conditioning (cooling / heating) load can be reduced accordingly, and the air-conditioning cost required for securing comfortable livability can be reduced.

In the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to a two-story residential building with a basement-equipped steel frame unit. However, the present invention may be applied to a single-story residential building with a basement or a three-story residential building. Good. It is also possible to join a plurality of box-type units having the same specifications and the same structure in the horizontal direction on the ground.

In the above embodiment, each unit 1
... circulation ventilation passages 15B, 15F of (B1, F1, F2)
Although the description has been made with the configuration in which the duct fans 1 and 15F2 are merely connected via the duct fans 16 and 16, each duct fan 1
6 and 16 are connected with flexible ducts for cooling and heating, and these flexible ducts are connected to the ground building unit F.
1 and F2 may be extended to the ceiling of the circulation ventilation passages 15F1 and 15F2.
1, the air having a stable temperature and humidity in the circulation ventilation passage 15B in the circulation ventilation passage 15B of the ground building units F1 and F2.
It is possible to efficiently circulate through 1,15F2.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, there are many advantages of the steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement that the present inventor has already proposed, that is, construction means by full-field construction is adopted. Compared with the conventional steel-framed basement with a basement, the construction period can be significantly shortened and the construction cost can be greatly reduced, and it is extremely excellent in earthquake resistance, durability, structural safety, soundproofing, and airtightness. In addition to being able to secure many advantages such as securing a sufficiently large living space even in narrow lands, it is stable throughout the year, and the temperature and humidity changes in the day are very small and stable. By forcibly circulating heat energy not only in underground buried units, but also in the circulation ventilation path surrounding the outer wall of the inner wall of the ground building unit, which is subject to severe temperature changes under the influence of outside temperature, The temperature change of the wall structure and the ceiling structure in the unit for the terrestrial building in which a material having good thermal conductivity such as a steel frame and a metal skin is used can be suppressed very small, and therefore, the air conditioning (cooling / heating) load can be reduced accordingly. Thus, there is an effect that the air-conditioning cost required for securing comfortable habitability can be significantly reduced.

In particular, by adopting the unit joining structure by bolting as described in claim 2, high airtightness, intrusion of sound from the outside, and the inside (living space) can be achieved while the unit is of a stacked type. High soundproofing that prevents sound from leaking from the outside, and prevents external leakage of air in the circulation ventilation passage in the underground buried unit, improving the performance of reducing air conditioning load by forcibly circulating air with stable temperature and humidity. In addition, the cost of air conditioning can be further reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external front view of a steel-frame unit type total two-story residential building with a basement according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective vertical sectional view of the residential building.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a configuration of a wall structure and a ceiling structure in the box-type unit.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a configuration of a floor structure in the box-type unit.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of an encircled portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part showing a joint structure between a floor structure and a ceiling structure of a stacking unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Box type unit B1 Underground burying unit F1, F2 Above-ground building unit 4W, 4F, 4C Wall, floor, ceiling structure 5 Core material steel frame 6 Metal outer plate 8 Wooden base for interior finishing 10 Wooden inner plate 11 Thermal insulation Layer 13 Bolt 14 Waterproof sealing material 15B, 15F1, 15F2 Circulating ventilation passage 16 Duct fan 19 Air layer BR Basement F1R, F2R Ground dwelling room

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/348 E04B 1/348 U E04C 2/52 E04C 2/52 A

Claims (2)

[Claims] A metal outer plate is fixed outside a plurality of core members, a wooden base for interior finishing is provided inside the core members, and an inner plate fixed to the outer plate and the wooden base. At least a portion surrounding the core steel frame and a portion in contact with the outer plate in the space between the plates and the wall structure, the ceiling structure, and the floor structure having the heat insulating layer formed thereon, so that □ in the short side direction. A box-type unit with a rigid frame structure and a shear-resistant wall structure in the long side direction.A plurality of such box-type units with the same specifications and the same structure are carried into a house construction site, and one of them is A steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement that is buried underground, the remaining units are stacked on top of the underground buried unit, and the vertically adjacent units are fixedly joined to each other. Units are provided for each box-type unit by connecting the air layers without the heat-insulating layer to each other in the space between the outer plate and the inner plate in the ceiling structure, wall structure and floor structure constituting the unit. A circulation ventilation path surrounding the outer circumference of the inner wall is formed, and the circulation ventilation paths of each box-type unit are duct-connected to force the air in the circulation ventilation path in the underground buried unit into the circulation ventilation path in the unit for ground building A steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement, which is configured to be recyclable. 2. The underground buried unit and the terrestrial building unit and / or the terrestrial building units stacked one above the other are separated from each other by the metal plate members fixed to the ends of the core steel frames in the adjacent units. The steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement according to claim 1, which is fixedly joined by tightening a bolt with a waterproof sealing material therebetween.