JP2001303669A - Basement-attached steel frame unit housing building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a basement-attached steel frame unit housing building capable of ensuring a sufficiently large living space even in a narrow land and having the excellence in amenity such as earthquake resistance, durability, structure safety, thermal insulating efficiency, soundproof efficiency, air-tightness or the like while reducing a construction period of time at a site, saving a construction cost and controlling the increase of a total construction cost. SOLUTION: Outside metal plates 6 are provided at the outsides of core steel frames 5, interior finishing wooden substrates 8 are provided at the insides of them, at the same time, structural bodies 4W, 4F and 4C of wall, floor and ceiling forming a thermal insulating layer between both inside and outside plates 10 and 6 are assembled at a plant to constitute a frame structure in the direction of a short side and a box unit 1 of an earthquake resisting trail structure in the direction of a long side, a plurality of units 1 are conveyed to a housing construction site to pile up them including the basement in the vertical direction, the piled units are connected to each other by field welding of the outside plates 6 and 6 adjacent to each other to construct the basement- attached housing building having a plurality of layers.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steel-framed residential building with a basement, and more particularly, to a small-sized land by maximally and effectively utilizing the vertical space of a small-sized land existing in many urban areas. The present invention relates to a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement suitable for securing a large living space (total floor area).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a residential building having a large living space (total floor area) in a small area often seen in an urban area, a multi-story building with a basement is used so that the vertical space can be utilized as efficiently as possible. It can be considered a residential building. In particular, in the case of residential buildings, there is a privilege that the basement is not included in the floor area ratio up to one-third of the total floor area. By taking advantage of this privilege, a residential building with a sufficiently large living space even in a small land can be used. Construction is possible.

[0003] By the way, when constructing a multi-story residential building with a steel basement in a narrow land, conventionally, generally,
After excavating a hole for basement construction at the construction site, performing foundation work inside the excavation hole, and building a steel column with a height from the basement to the top end of the above-ground building on the foundation,
A steel frame is hung on the steel column to construct a framed structure, and then the basement and the walls, floors, ceilings, roofs, etc. of basements and above-ground buildings are sequentially attached to the framed structure. Construction means by construction were adopted.

[0004]

In the case of the above-mentioned conventional construction means for a general multi-story residential building with a steel basement, which is constructed entirely on site, use of structural members such as beams, floors and ceiling materials is most wasteful. It is possible to design and perform construction without any problems, and it is certain that the economics of the entire residential building can be obtained in this aspect, but on the other hand, many process works as described above must be performed on a construction site with a small space. In addition, it is difficult to carry out the work in a well-organized and efficient manner, which requires a very long site construction period.This long construction period, combined with the huge cost of foundation work, prevents an increase in the overall construction cost. I can't. In addition, there is another problem that since the construction is performed for a long time in a limited site, it is easy to cause trouble to neighboring houses and the like.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and aims at remarkably shortening the on-site construction period and drastically reducing the construction cost so as to suppress the increase in the total cost, and to improve the seismic resistance, durability, and structural safety. In addition to being excellent in heat insulation, soundproofing and airtightness, it provides a steel-framed unit-type residential building with a basement that can secure a sufficiently large living space even in a small land. The main purpose is to

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to improve ventilation performance and secure comfortable living even in a steel-frame unit-type residential building having extremely excellent airtightness. .

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, in a steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement according to the present invention, a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a large number of core members and a core member is fixed. Assembling a wall structure and a ceiling structure in which a wooden base for interior finishing is provided inside a steel frame, and a floor structure in which a wooden base for interior finishing is provided inside a large number of core members in a factory. A box-type unit with a rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a shear-resistant wall structure in the long side direction is constructed, and a plurality of such box-type units having the same specifications and the same structure are carried into a house construction site. One of these units is buried underground to construct a basement, and the remaining units are stacked on top of an underground buried unit to build a ground-based building. There, the underground buried unit and the unit for the ground building and the unit for the ground building stacked vertically are fixedly joined to each other by welding at least the metal outer plates of both adjacent units together, A heat insulating layer is formed at least in a space between the outer plate and the inner plate of each structural body in each unit, the portion surrounding the core steel and the portion in contact with the outer plate.

According to the present invention having the above-described structure, any number of box-type units having the same specifications and the same structure assembled in a factory are carried into a house construction site, and one unit is buried underground. Vertically (up and down) direction, after that, the formation of a heat insulating layer at least in the space between the outer plate and the inner plate of the structure in each unit surrounding the core steel frame and at a position in contact with the outer plate, The basement and the above-ground building living room are integrated in a narrow space by performing simple and few on-site works such as fixed joining by metal-to-metal welding of at least two adjacent units of the vertically adjacent units. Even if it is possible, it is possible to efficiently construct a residential building having a sufficiently large living space in a very short time. In addition, by combining box-type units, which have a composite structure of a ramen structure and an earthquake-resistant wall structure, and have excellent structural safety, they are integrated into units for ground building as well as large earth pressure and water pressure applied to underground buried units. It has sufficient strength to withstand large wind pressures, etc., applied, and furthermore, ground-building units are firmly supported on the ground with a deep foundation on underground buried units with high structural safety. Extremely excellent earthquake resistance and durability can be ensured, such as minimizing the shaking of units for ground buildings. In addition, since the floor structure and the ceiling structure of the vertically adjacent units have a vertical double structure including the heat insulating layer, it is possible to ensure high heat insulation, soundproofing, and airtightness.

[0009] In addition, the use of structural members is wasteful due to the double structure of the floor structure and ceiling structure between the underground buried unit, the above-ground building unit, and the above-mentioned building unit. As described above, the economic loss due to the unnecessary use of component members is due to the remarkable shortening of the construction period and the significant reduction of on-site construction costs due to the introduction of the unitization method in the factory production, and the underground buried unit is used as the foundation of the unit for the ground building. It can be sufficiently compensated for by synergistically with the significant reduction in the cost of large-scale foundation work by also using, and while keeping the construction cost equal to or less than that of the conventional construction method with full on-site construction, As described above, it is possible to improve the comfort and seismic resistance and durability of residential buildings, which are highly required as insulation, soundproofing, etc., and to upgrade the entire residential building. It is possible to.

Further, in addition to the fixed joining of the metal outer plates of the vertically adjacent units by field welding, the underground buried unit and the unit for the building above the ground and the ground stacked vertically In the joint part of the building units, by using together the fastening joints of the metal plate members fixed to the ends of the core steel frames of the units adjacent to each other, in a unit stacked form. In spite of this, the integrated strength of the units is increased to prevent external loads such as wind and traffic vibration from concentrating on the on-site weld joint, thereby preventing the on-site weld joint from being deformed or destroyed. Housing that is sturdy and has high airtightness and high soundproofing that sufficiently prevents intrusion of sound from outside and leakage of sound from inside (living space). Rukoto can.

In particular, as described in claim 3, of the units stacked one above the other, the core steel frame in the floor structure of the upper unit and the metal outer plate in the ceiling structure of the lower unit are combined. By adopting a configuration that is fixedly joined by on-site welding, the structural members associated with the floor structure and the ceiling structure becoming a double structure, that is, the upper and lower units while eliminating the waste of double use of the metal outer plate The joint strength between them can be further increased, and the structural safety of the whole building can be further improved.

Further, in the steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement having the above structure, the basement is constructed by stacking a box-type unit in which a metal outer plate is fixed to the outside of a large number of core members. In addition, the airtightness of the above-ground housing rooms can be sufficiently ensured, but the ventilation performance of each room is insufficient, and the indoor air becomes unusually humid due to stagnation of indoor air, condensation may occur, and harmful gases may be trapped. There is a problem that the livability tends to deteriorate.

Therefore, in the invention according to claim 4, the inner plate of at least one of the ceiling structure and the wall structure in each box-type unit has the inner plate and the outer plate facing the inner plate. Along with providing an opening for communicating part of the air layer where the heat insulating layer is not formed in the room in the space between the ventilation ducts each having a lower end connected to the air layer in each box-type unit, Each unit extends vertically through the space between the outer and inner panels of the wall structure to the top of the top building unit, and the upper ends of these ventilation ducts are connected to the residential building. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the wall structure of each unit is vertically stacked. By simply making effective use of the internal space of the building and making a simple improvement such as inserting a ventilation duct in a vertical position, the superior ventilation performance by forced intake and exhaust or natural intake and exhaust to the basement and the above-ground residential room It is a residential building constructed by stacking box-type units, but it is comfortable without the interior becoming unusually high humidity, dew condensation, or harmful gas trapped It is possible to secure livability economically.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 are external front views of a steel frame unit type four-story residential building with a basement according to the present invention,
It is an external side view and a longitudinal front view.

The unit type four-story residential building with a basement is standardized in dimensions and shape, manufactured in the factory with the same specifications and the same structure, and then transported to the housing construction site via a large truck or the like. Of the box-type units 1 ..., one unit B1 is buried underground to construct a basement BR, and the remaining three units F
1, F2, and F3 are sequentially stacked on the underground buried unit B1, so that the housing rooms F1R, F2R, and F on the third floor above the ground.
R3 is constructed and constructed. At the top of this unit type four-story residential building with basement, a forced ventilation device 1
A rooftop unit 1 ′ having a ventilation tower 16 provided with a 5 and a balcony 18 with a handrail 17 is fixed.

In the present embodiment, the underground buried unit B1 and the first-floor unit F1 and the second-floor unit F2 for the above-ground building have exactly the same specifications and the same structure manufactured in the factory. 3rd floor unit F for above ground building
3 differs in that one wall side is inclined in consideration of the sunshine right and the like determined from the relationship of the adjacent land boundary line. Except for this point, the other units B1, F1, F2
And the specifications and structure are the same. Also, each unit 1 ...
The floor plan in (B1, F1 to F3) and the arrangement of the openings such as windows are arbitrary, and FIGS. 4 and 5 show examples of the underground buried unit B1 and the second floor unit F2 for the above-ground building. Further, the entrance F1G is integrated with a part of the first-floor unit F1 for the ground building.
May be retrofitted to the first floor unit F1 at the site or the like.

Each of the above units 1 (B1, F1 to F3)
Is constructed by assembling four wall structures 4W, one floor structure 4F, and one ceiling structure 4C into a box at a factory, and by assembling such structures 4W, 4F, and 4C, Box type unit 1 (B1, F1 to F
3) has a rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a composite structure of a shear wall structure in the long side direction.

Of the structures 4W, 4F, 4C constituting these box-type units 1, the wall structure 4W and the ceiling structure 4C are formed at appropriate pitches by using channels, H-shaped steel or the like as shown in FIG. A metal outer plate 6 such as a steel plate is fixed to the outside of the core steel members 5 arranged at the center, and a wooden foundation 8 for interior finishing is nailed to the inner flange portions 5a of the core steel members 5. The base stopper members 9 which can be fixed and constructed by bonding or the like are bonded and fixed, and the metal plate members 12 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the core steel members 5 of the wall structure 4W.
12 are fixed. On the other hand, the floor structure 4F is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the metal-made outer plate is not provided on the outer side of the core steel members 5, and the base stopper members 9 are adhesively fixed to the inner flange portions 5a of the core steel members 5.

Each of the box type units 1 may be integrally formed in a box type, but may be divided into a plurality of divided units 1A, 1A in the horizontal direction.
The core steel frames 5, 5... Of 1A.
b may be back-to-back, and the back-to-back web portions 5b may be integrated by bolting. In the case of such a division type, among the plurality of division units 1A, the division units 1A located at both ends in the horizontal direction are provided with the wall structure 4W on three surfaces of two surfaces facing each other and a surface orthogonal thereto. And the split unit 1A located in the middle has a wall structure 4W only on two surfaces facing each other and has a structure penetrating in one horizontal direction,
By integrating two of the end division units 1A having the three-sided wall structures 4W and the intermediate division unit 1A of the penetrating structure having the wall structures 4W on the two sides by bolt joining, a single indoor space, that is, , Basement room BR and above-ground house room F1R
To F3R.

Each box type unit 1 (B1,
The outer surface of the outer panel 6 of F1 to F3) on the side where the entrance F1G is present may be subjected to an appearance finish by tile bonding as shown in FIG. May be provided with anti-corrosion and anti-corrosion coating on the outer surface.

As described above, the four box-type units 1
... In a unit type four-story residential building with a basement constructed by stacking (B1, F1 to F3), an underground buried unit B1 and a first floor unit F1 for a ground building, a first floor unit F1, a second floor unit F2, and a second floor unit As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, F2 and the third floor unit F3 are
Upper and lower adjacent units B1 and F1, F1 and F2, F2
And F3, fastening joints X of the metal plate members 12, 12 fixed to the lower and upper ends of the core steel members 5, 5 of the wall structures 4W, 4W by bolts 13 and the upper units F1, F2 , F3 floor structure 4F core material steel frame 5
... and the ceiling structure 4 of each lower unit B1, F1, F2
C, a joint Y by field welding with the metal outer plate 6;
And vertically adjacent units B1 and F1, F1 and F
2, the outer panels of the wall structures 4W, 4W in F2 and F3,
The end portions 6 are integrally fixedly joined to each other by a joint portion Z formed by field welding over the entire circumference.

A floor finishing material which is nailed or glued to the metal outer plate 6 of each of the structures 4E, 4F, 4C in each of the units 1 (B1, F1 to F3) and the wooden bases 8 at the construction site. An example of a foam insulating material in a space between the wooden inner plate 10 such as a plaster board or a wall finishing material and a portion surrounding the core steel members 5... And a portion in contact with the metal outer plate 6 so that they are not exposed. The heat-insulating layer 11 is formed by spraying urethane foam, which is as follows.

A part of the inner plate 10 of the ceiling structure 4C in each box-type unit 1 is provided with the heat insulating layer 11 in a space between the inner plate 10 and the outer plate 6 opposed thereto. A part of the air layer 19 that is not formed is replaced with each chamber BR,
An opening 20 communicating with the inside of F1R to F3R is provided, and each of ventilation ducts 21 whose lower end is connected to the air layer 19 is connected to the outer plate 6 of the wall structure 4W in each unit 1. Through the space between the inner plate 10 and the upper part of the above-ground unit F3 for the top building, it is extended in a vertical posture, and the upper end of each of the extended ventilation ducts 21 is provided for ventilation in the roof unit 1 '. It is connected to the forced ventilation device 15 through the tower 16.

In the unit-type four-story residential building with a basement as described above, four box-type units 1 having the same specifications and the same structure, which are assembled and manufactured in a factory, are carried into a house construction site by a heavy truck or the like. And stacking them vertically (up and down) so that one of the units B1 is buried underground, and the top building unit 1 above the ground.
After the roof unit 1 'is installed and fixed on the upper part of the wall, the lower and upper ends of the core members 5, 5 of the wall structures 4W, 4W in the vertically adjacent units B1, F1, F1, F2, F2, F3. Joints between the metal plate members 12, 12 fixed to each other by bolts 13 and the upper units F1, F
2, the core steel members 5 in the floor structure 4F of F3 and the metal outer plates 6 in the ceiling structures 4C of the lower units B1, F1 and F2 are joined by field welding and the outer plates of the wall structures 4W. Unit joining work of fixed joining by in-situ welding over the entire circumference of the ends of 6, 6 and each unit 1 ...
The outer plate 6 and the inner plate 10 of each of the structures 4E, 4F, 4C in FIG.
A simple and inexpensive on-site construction such as construction of the heat insulating layer 11 by spraying urethane foam on the space between the base and the unit-type four-layer basement room with a sufficiently large living space even in a small land It is possible to build a residential building with a very short construction period.

A box-type unit 1 having a composite structure of a ramen structure and an earthquake-resistant wall structure and having excellent structural safety.
Has a strength that can sufficiently withstand not only a large earth pressure and a water pressure applied to the underground buried unit B1 but also a large wind pressure applied to the units F1 to F3 for the ground buildings,
Furthermore, since the units F1 to F3 for ground buildings are firmly supported on the ground based on the underground buried unit B1, the units F1 to F3 for ground buildings at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake.
It is also possible to ensure excellent earthquake resistance and durability, such as minimizing shaking. In addition, by stacking the units B1, F1 to F3, the floor structure 4F and the ceiling structure 4C of the vertically adjacent layers are heat-insulated layers 11, 1.
Since it has a double up-down structure including 1, it is possible to ensure high heat insulation, soundproofing, and airtightness.

Then, as described above, each unit B1, F
Although the floor structure 4F and the ceiling structure 4C of 1 to F3 have a double vertical structure, construction costs are lost due to useless use of the constituent members, but actually, as described above, in the factory production, as described above. The introduction of the unitization method can significantly shorten the construction period and save on-site construction costs, and the underground buried unit B1 also serves as the foundation for the units F1 to F3 for the above-ground buildings, and the cost for large-scale foundation work is greatly reduced. Can be sufficiently compensated for the cost loss due to the wasteful use of components, and compared with the conventional construction method based on full on-site construction, with almost the same or less construction cost. In addition, it is possible to improve the heat resistance, soundproofing, etc. required for the residential building, the seismic resistance, and the durability.

In addition, a forced-ventilation device installed on the rooftop through a ventilation duct 21 inserted in a vertical position by effectively utilizing the internal space of the wall structure 4W of each unit 1 stacked vertically. 15 and each of the rooms BR, F1R to F3R are connected to each other, and the basement room BR and the above-ground housing are provided by a forced intake / exhaust action accompanying the operation of the forced ventilation apparatus 15 or a natural intake / exhaust action when the forced ventilation apparatus 15 is not operated. Room F1
The ventilation performance for R to F3R can always be sufficiently ensured, and the interior of the room becomes abnormally high humidity and dew condensation occurs, despite being a steel-framed residential building constructed by stacking box-type units 1 ... It is possible to realize a comfortable habitability in which no harmful gas is trapped or trapped.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a unit-type four-story residential building with a basement. However, a two-story or three-story residential building with a basement may be used. Also,
It is also possible to join a plurality of box type units having the same specifications and the same structure in the horizontal direction on the ground.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of box-type units assembled and manufactured to have the same specifications and the same structure in a factory are carried into a house construction site and stacked vertically. In addition, the outer panels of the wall structures in the vertically adjacent units are welded in place over the entire circumference and fixedly joined to each other, and a heat insulating layer is formed by on-site spraying, which is simple and requires few man-hours. By simply performing on-site construction, it is possible to construct a residential building with a sufficiently large living space in a very short construction period by integrating the basement and the above-ground building, even on a small land. Moreover, each box-type unit stacked vertically has a composite structure of a ramen structure and an earthquake-resistant wall structure, and is excellent in structural safety, and by integrating these, large earth pressure applied to the underground buried unit Because it has sufficient strength to withstand the large wind pressure applied to the ground building unit as well as the water pressure, and the ground building unit is firmly supported by the ground with the underground buried unit as a deep foundation ,
Shaking of the ground building unit during an earthquake can be suppressed to a very low level, and very excellent earthquake resistance and durability can be secured. In addition, since the floor structure and ceiling structure of each layer become a double-layered structure including the heat insulation layer by stacking each unit, high insulation, soundproofing and airtightness are secured, and remarkably improved livability is improved. Can be achieved.

In addition, the introduction of the unitization method in the factory production significantly shortens the construction period and saves on-site construction costs, and the large-scale foundation work by using the underground burying unit as the foundation of the above-ground building unit. By synergistically with such a large reduction in costs, it is possible to sufficiently compensate for the cost loss due to the useless use of components due to the unit having a double structure, and it is almost the same as the case of the conventional construction method by full on-site construction or To provide residential buildings that are far superior in terms of insulation, soundproofing, etc., seismic resistance, and durability compared to those constructed by conventional all-site construction, while keeping construction costs below that. This has the effect that it can be performed.

In particular, by using together the fastening joints according to the second aspect, since the unit is of a stacked type, external loads due to wind, traffic vibrations and the like are efficiently dispersed, and a strong integration is achieved. It is possible to obtain a residential building having a high airtightness and a high soundproofing property that sufficiently prevents intrusion of sound from the outside and leakage of sound from the inside (living space) while securing a building.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the core steel in the floor structure of the upper unit and the metal outer plate in the ceiling structure of the lower unit are fixedly joined by field welding. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce waste of used components and to increase the joining strength between the upper and lower units and make the whole building more robust even though it is a unit type.

Further, as described in claim 4, a simple improvement is provided such that the ventilation duct is inserted in a vertical position by effectively utilizing the internal space of the wall structure of each unit vertically stacked. This allows the basement room and the above-ground housing room to exhibit excellent ventilation performance by forced air intake / exhaust or natural air intake / exhaust. It is possible to economically secure a comfortable living environment in which no dew is formed, no dew is formed, and no harmful gas is trapped.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a steel frame unit with basement 4 according to the present invention.
It is an external appearance front view of the whole multi-story residential building.

FIG. 2 is an external side view of the residential building.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional front view of the residential building.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a floor plan in the underground buried unit in the residential building.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of a floor plan in a second-floor unit for a ground building in the residential building.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a configuration of a wall structure and a ceiling structure in the box-type unit.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part showing a configuration of a floor structure in the box-type unit.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view of a portion A surrounded by a circle in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a main part showing a joint structure between a floor structure and a ceiling structure of the stacking unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Box type unit B1 Underground burial unit F1-F3 Above-ground building unit 4W, 4F, 4C Wall, floor, ceiling structure 5 Core material steel frame 6 Metal outer plate 8 Wooden base plate for interior finishing 10 Wooden inner plate 11 Thermal insulation Layer 13 Bolt 15 Forced ventilator 21 Ventilation duct BR Basement F1R, F2R, FR3 Residential room above ground X Clamping joint Y, Z Field welding joint

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04B 1/76 E04B 1/76 W E04H 1/02 E04H 1/02

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A wall structure and a ceiling structure having a metal outer plate fixed to the outside of a number of core members and a wooden base for interior finishing provided inside the core members, At the factory, a floor structure with a wooden base for interior finishing provided inside the core steel frame is assembled at the factory, and a box-type unit with a rigid frame structure in the short side direction and a shock-resistant wall structure in the long side direction. And carrying a plurality of such box-type units of the same specification and the same structure to the house construction site,
One of these units is buried underground to construct a basement, and the remaining units are stacked on top of an underground buried unit to build a ground-based building. The unit, the unit for the ground building, and the unit for the ground building stacked vertically are fixedly joined to each other by welding at least the metal outer plates of the adjacent units to each other, and each structure in each unit. A steel frame unit-type residential building with a basement, wherein a heat insulating layer is formed at least in a space between the outer panel and the inner panel of the body and at a location surrounding the core steel frame and at a location in contact with the outer panel. 2. A metal plate member fixed to an end of a core steel frame in an adjacent unit between the underground buried unit, the unit for a terrestrial building, and the unit for a terrestrial building stacked vertically. The steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement according to claim 1, further comprising a fastening joint formed by fastening and fixing each other with bolts. 3. Among the vertically stacked units, a core steel frame in a floor structure of an upper unit and a metal outer plate in a ceiling structure of a lower unit are fixedly joined by field welding. The steel-frame unit-type residential building with a basement according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The heat insulating layer is provided on the inner plate of at least one of the ceiling structure and the wall structure in each box type unit in a space between the inner plate and an outer plate facing the inner plate. Each of the ventilation ducts having a lower end connected to the air layer in each box-type unit is provided with an opening that allows a part of the air layer not formed to communicate with the room, and a wall structure in each unit. It extends vertically through the space between the outer and inner panels of the body to the upper part of the top building unit, and the upper ends of these ventilation ducts are installed at the top of the residential building The steel building unit-type residential building with a basement according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is connected to a forced ventilation device.