JP2001128642A - Food composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a food composition useful for developing the brain of an infant and improving the brain function of an aged owing to accumulation of in vivo docosahexaenoic acid without reducing an arachidonic acid level. SOLUTION: This food composition contains phospholipids originated from milk as effective ingredients.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a food composition for increasing docosahexaenoic acid (hereinafter, also referred to as DHA). More specifically, the present invention provides a method for selectively administering DHA content in a living body without causing undesired effects by orally administering "lipid derived from milk" instead of directly administering DHA. The present invention relates to a novel food composition which can be raised to a higher temperature.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It has been found that DHA is contained abundantly in major phospholipids of the brain and nervous system and plays an important role in the development of the brain and retina in infancy. And
It has been revealed that DHA is contained in Japanese breast milk at 0.63 ± 0.24% (Yonekubo et al., Child Health Research, 46, 349 (1987)).

On the other hand, not only is DHA important in infancy, but the DHA content in the living body tends to decrease with aging, and the decrease in DHA content is caused by memory loss, blurring and dementia in adults and the elderly. It is also one of the causes of such an event.

[0004] Conventionally, when it was considered to enhance DHA in a product, DHA derived from refined fish oil or marine products had to be used. However, these fats and oils have a drawback that it is difficult to produce high quality products unless the smell is smelled or efforts are made to ensure the stability of the fats and oils. It is also known that DHA lowers serum cholesterol levels and lowers the level of arachidonic acid in erythrocyte membranes. Therefore, a food composition containing fish oil or the like to enhance DHA is orally administered. , The level of arachidonic acid (hereinafter also referred to as AA), which plays an important role in the living body, was reduced, and it was extremely difficult to simultaneously enhance DHA and AA.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned state of the art, the present invention provides an in vivo DHA without causing various undesirable effects such as a decrease in the level of AA in the living body and the problem of odor derived from fish oil. The purpose of the present invention is to develop a new oral composition capable of raising the level.

In other words, the present invention provides a food composition which can specifically increase only the level of DHA in the living body without lowering the level of other fatty acids such as AA in the living body using fish oil or the like. It was made for the purpose of new production without any. That is, the present invention relates to DHA
The purpose of the present invention is to develop a food composition capable of selectively accumulating only DHA in a large amount in a living body without blending the same or fish oil.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and despite the fact that DHA is strengthened, other components are blended without directly blending DHA. In this way, a very difficult technical problem of biosynthesizing DHA in a living body, which is a complex biochemical reaction system, has been set. As a result of extensively examining various substances from various fields, the present inventors focused on milk-derived phospholipids (hereinafter sometimes referred to as milk phospholipids) for the first time.

[0008] The phospholipids derived from milk include phosphatidylcholine (PC: lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and sphingomyelin (SP).
M) is characteristic in that it contains a large amount of M). This phospholipid can be used as milk-derived lecithin, in other words, this milk-derived lecithin is characteristic in that it is usually accompanied by sphingomyelin, and in this respect, soybean lecithin and egg yolk lecithin are used. It is very different.

The present inventors have studied the physiological effects of this milk lecithin and found that when this milk lecithin was ingested from the diet, the DHA content in tissues such as brain and liver in vivo was used as a control. For the first time, it was found that the level was significantly increased as compared with when soy lecithin was taken. At this time, the present inventors have also obtained a very useful new finding that only DHA is increased without lowering AA which is a fatty acid which is a precursor of prostaglandin or the like having a hormone-like action in vivo.

[0010] Accordingly, the present inventors have based on these new findings that DHA can be increased while maintaining the level of AA, and the DHA content in the living body can be increased without enriching DHA in the form of fish oil in the diet. It has been confirmed that the DHA can be significantly increased, and as a result of further research, it is also possible to fortify DHA in the form of fish oil or the like in the diet, and to further add milk-derived lecithin, At this time, DHA newly generated by in vivo biosynthesis ability, which was enhanced by enrichment of milk-derived lecithin, and dietary D-
It was also confirmed that the combination with HA led to a further increase in the DHA content, and the present invention was finally completed.

That is, the present invention has been made based on these useful new findings, and relates to a novel system for increasing the DHA content in a living body by using milk-derived phospholipids. By blending, it is possible to increase the in vivo lipid balance of infants, adults, elderly people, pregnant women, lactating women, and women in a well-balanced manner. This effect can be achieved by enriching DHA in the product if it is strengthened in the body by the action of phospholipids derived from milk in the living body, and combined with DHA that is directly taken into the body in the form of DHA. It is possible to efficiently increase the DHA content in a living body. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the milk-derived phospholipid used in the present invention, milk can be used not only milk of various livestock such as cows, goats, sheep, horses and buffaloes but also breast milk. The invention will be described.

[0013] Milk-derived phospholipids (milk phospholipids) are produced by extracting from cow's milk, have a phospholipid composition similar to that of breast milk, and contain phosphatidylcholine (P).
C), that is, it is characteristic in that it contains phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin (SPM), which is a sphingolipid, in addition to lecithin. In the present invention, the milk phospholipids broadly refer to those extracted from milk in this way, but commercially available products can also be advantageously used.

Commercially available products include products of New Zealand Daily Ingredients (for example, milk complex lipid products having a phospholipid content of 40.6% or 85.3%).
And New Zealand, Bay Milk Products Co., Ltd. products can be used. For example, as the latter product, Alpha Lipid (ALPHA LIPID: trade name)
The composition is as follows and is characterized by a high content of natural sphingomyelin, a major phospholipid in human skin. Further, powdered lecithin having a purity of about 4% extracted from milk similar to these can be obtained from a European manufacturer.

Composition of milk-derived phospholipid (lipid 85%) polar lipid 70% neutral lipid 15% (major polar lipid) sphingomyelin 20% phosphatidyl 20% ethanolamine phosphatidyl 20% choline

As is clear from the above, the phospholipid derived from milk contains PC, that is, lecithin, and can be used as milk lecithin. Therefore, milk lecithin is characteristic in that it contains SPM,
In other words, by isolating and purifying milk-derived lecithin from cow's milk, lecithin containing SPM can be obtained. In the present invention, milk lecithin is used synonymously with milk-derived phospholipid.

Furthermore, in the present invention, as a phospholipid derived from milk (milk lecithin), a substance containing it can be used. Examples of the content include a phospholipid fraction extracted from a milk component and not purified as described above. Specific examples thereof include a complex lipid fraction concentrate prepared by fractionating cow's milk or buttermilk and butterram.

The food composition according to the present invention is a food or beverage type composition containing a milk-derived phospholipid as an active ingredient.
It can be used in combination with other foods and drinks and food and drink ingredients according to ordinary methods as appropriate. The food composition according to the present invention (including the beverage composition in the present invention) may be solid (powder, granule or the like), paste, liquid or suspension, but may be sweetener, sour taste, etc. Ingredients, vitamins, nutrients, and other ingredients are used to make beverages, yogurt types, puddings and other desserts, powdered milk and milk products, and DHA is particularly necessary for adults, elderly people, pregnant women, women, infants, etc. It is suitable for people.

For example, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are blended with milk-derived phospholipid, and carnitine, which has been found to be involved in activation of brain function, is contained in an amount of 5 mg% or more, preferably 10 mg% or more. Nutrient components and food components such as β-carotene, vitamin E, polyphenol and the like are further added, and the lipid content is 0.5 to 10%, preferably about 1 to 5% (in the case of infant formula, 20 to 30%). %
And various types of food and beverage products.

The above-mentioned food composition of the present invention, when taken orally, has a remarkable effect of increasing the level of DHA in the living body, but if desired, it can be added to the present food composition. By strengthening the compounding of DHA (5 to 500 mg%, preferably 20 to 200 mg
%), And the DHA level in the living body can be further increased.

The content of the active ingredient (phospholipid derived from milk) in the food composition according to the present invention may be any suitable amount, but usually, in the case of infant food, 0.001% or more, preferably 0.1%, of the product. 003% or more, but when not intended for infants, 0.5% or more, preferably 1%
% Or more. Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.

[0022]

Example 1 The increase in DHA content in a living body due to oral administration of phospholipids derived from milk was confirmed as follows using rats before weaning. As phospholipids derived from milk, AL
PHA LIPID 300 (Product Name: Bay Mil)
k Products Ltd. ,new Zealand)
It was used.

(Purpose / Background / Background) Phospholipids derived from milk (hereinafter, milk phospholipids) are phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)
In addition, it has a feature that it contains a large amount of sphingomyelin (SPM). Despite the highest abundance of SPM in breast milk phospholipids, the nutritional evaluation of SPM in infancy has not been adequate. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of administration of milk phospholipid to preweaning rats on the lipid composition of the living body, we examined using an artificial lactation model system.

(Method / Contents of Study) The nursing experiment was performed according to the method of Sugano et al.
terology and Nutrition, 2
4,242-252 (1997)), cannulation was performed on 5-day-old SD rats, and test milk was administered for 10 days. The phospholipids used in the test were milk phospholipids and soybean phospholipids as a control.
The test milk was prepared so as to contain 1%. The lipid content of the administered milk was 12% (phospholipid (1%) + triglyceride (11%)), and the lipid composition (fatty acid composition (Table 1), cholesterol content, etc.) of each group was adjusted to be as similar as possible. Was.

(Table 1) Fatty acid composition of test milk FA Soybean phospholipid group Milk phospholipid group C8: 0 7.63 7.24 C12: 0 14.52 11.74 C14: 0 6.21 5.13 C16: 0 25.8 25.61 C16: 1 0.1 0.18 C18: 0 3.9 4.43 C18: 1 22.5 23.71 C18: 2 14.0 13.07 C18: 3 1.01 .01 Subtotal 95.7 92.29 Others 4.3 7.71 Total 100 100

The rats were dissected at the age of 15 days after the administration of the experimental milk for 10 days, and the lipid compositions of plasma, liver and cerebrum were measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG.

(Results / Discussion) No difference was observed between the two groups in weight gain and organ weight. There was no difference between the two groups in the cholesterol and phospholipid contents of plasma, liver and cerebrum. Furthermore, there was no difference in the content of each phospholipid such as PC, PE, and SPM between the two groups. The liver and cerebral triglyceride contents were higher in the milk phospholipid group than in the soybean phospholipid group, but there was no difference in plasma triglyceride between the two groups.
It was not a pathological difference. These results suggested that the difference in phospholipid composition did not significantly affect the lipid composition in vivo in rats before weaning.

Regarding the phospholipid fatty acid composition of the liver and cerebrum, the arachidonic acid content (AA) did not differ between the two groups, but the docosahexaenoic acid content (DHA)
Was higher in the milk phospholipid group than in the soybean phospholipid group (FIG. 1). Arachidonic acid and DHA from administered milk
Although DHA was not ingested, the DHA content in the organs was high, and thus it was confirmed that ingestion of milk phospholipids effectively works for incorporation of DHA in the living body.

From these results, it was confirmed that ingestion of milk phospholipid containing sphingomyelin before weaning has an effect on the fatty acid composition rather than the lipid composition in the living body and has an effect of increasing the DHA content in the living body. Was done. Similar effects were confirmed when 2% of phospholipid and 10% of triglyceride were used.

[0030]

Example 2 In preparing 100 kg of infant formula, the following raw materials (basic composition) and components were prepared.

Then, these materials are dissolved according to a conventional method.
After mixing and cleaning, sterilization, concentration, homogenization, and spray drying were performed to obtain a product.

(Basic Formula) Basic Formula of Powdered Milk Formula Casein 5.5 kg Whey protein isolate 24.0 kg Carbohydrate (lactose and oligosaccharides) 43.4 kg Minerals and vitamins 2.1 kg Soybean oil 25.0 kg Total 100. 0 kg

As the soybean oil, soybean oil, milk-derived phospholipid (manufactured by Bay Milk Products Co., New Zealand,
Phospholipid content 70%), soybean phospholipid (Honen Corporation, phospholipid content 49.1%), and egg yolk lecithin (Taiyo Kagaku, phospholipid content 27.1%) were blended in the ratios shown below. .

(Control of Fatty Acid Composition and Phospholipid Composition by Various Complex Lipids) Soybean oil 21.747 kg Milk phospholipid 0.800 kg Soybean complex lipid 1.000 kg Chicken egg yolk complex lipid 1.400 kg DHA 0.053 kg Total 25,000 kg

As minerals and vitamins, carnitine 0.02 kg, β-carotene, vitamin E 0.1% each.
01 kg was used.

In this manner, milk lecithin was added in an amount of 0.003.
% By weight, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and carnitine, which has been found to be involved in the activation of brain function, is contained in at least 10 mg%, β-carotene and vitamin E are added, and fat content is added. A powdered milk for increasing DHA content in the body, which is suitable for infants containing about 25% and contains DHA at 20 to 200 mg% by weight, was produced.

In the same manner, a milk powder containing no DHA was produced.

[0038]

Example 3 Except for using a milk complex lipid (manufactured by New Zealand Deary Ingredients Co., Ltd., phospholipid content: 85.3%) as a milk phospholipid, treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 2, and DHA was added. Infant-free infant formulas were produced respectively.

[0039]

Example 4 In the same manner as described above, a food composition for increasing the in vivo DHA content for adults, elderly people, pregnant women, lactating women and women was produced.

(1) Milk lecithin is contained in the product in an amount of at least 1% by weight, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and carnitine, which has been found to be involved in activation of brain function, is contained in an amount of at least 10 mg%. In addition, desserts such as drink type, yogurt type, and pudding containing fat content of about 3.5% were manufactured for adult food and elderly food.

(2) Milk lecithin is contained in the product in an amount of 1% by weight or more, DHA is contained in an amount of 20 to 200 mg by weight, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and furthermore, it is found to be involved in activation of brain function. 10mg of carnitine
%, Containing β-carotene, vitamin E, polyphenol, and a fat content of about 3.5%,
Manufactured desserts such as yogurt type and pudding for adults and food for the elderly.

(3) Milk lecithin is contained in the product in an amount of 1% by weight or more, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and carnitine which has been found to be involved in activation of brain function is contained in an amount of 10 mg% or more. β-carotene, vitamin E and polyphenol were blended, and desserts such as drink types, yogurt types and puddings containing fat contents of about 3.5% were manufactured for pregnant women and nursing women.

(4) Milk lecithin is contained in the product in an amount of 1% by weight or more, DHA is contained in an amount of 20 to 200 mg% by weight, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and furthermore, it is found to be involved in activation of brain function. 10mg of carnitine
% Or more, containing β-carotene, vitamin E, polyphenol, and a fat type containing about 3.5% of fat content,
Manufacture of maternal and nursing foods for desserts such as yogurt type and pudding.

(5) Milk lecithin is contained in the product in an amount of 1% by weight or more, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and carnitine which has been found to be involved in activation of brain function is contained in an amount of 10 mg% or more. β-carotene, vitamin E, and polyphenol were blended, and dessert-type women's foods such as drink types, yogurt types, and puddings containing about 3.5% of fat content were produced.

(6) Milk lecithin is contained in the product in an amount of 1% by weight or more, DHA is contained in an amount of 20 to 200 mg% by weight, soybean phospholipid and egg yolk lecithin are added in appropriate amounts, and it is further found to be involved in activation of brain function. 10mg of carnitine
%, Containing β-carotene, vitamin E, polyphenol, and a fat content of about 3.5%,
Manufactured women's food products such as yogurt type and pudding for desserts.

[0046]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, DHA alone is not directly orally ingested using DHA enriched food, and DHA
It has a very unique effect of increasing the level and can promote the brain development of infants. Also,
The DHA content in the living body tends to decrease with aging, and this decrease tends to cause blurring and memory deterioration in adults, but the milk-derived lecithin according to the present invention is used in adult or elderly foods. The combination can increase the level of DHA in the living body of a person who has taken it without lowering arachidonic acid, and furthermore, the level of DHA during meals
If HA is strengthened, DHA content that is more likely to be added to DHA synthesized in the body can be increased, and brain function of the elderly can be activated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the phospholipid fatty acid composition of liver and cerebrum. When the alphabet shown above both groups is the same, there is no significant difference, and when different, there is a significant difference (p <0.05).

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 29, 2000 (2006.2.
9)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

12. The milk-derived phospholipid contains lecithin, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin.
Item 16. The food composition according to Item. ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] October 31, 2000 (2000.10.
31)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0015

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In the present invention, the milk-derived phospholipid is
Products that are extracted from milk and have a high phospholipid content and contain 70% of the total phospholipids are, for example, Bay Milk, New Zealand.
It can be used because it is sold by Products. Its composition is as follows: Composition of phospholipids derived from milk (lipid 85%) polar lipid 70% neutral lipid 15% (major polar lipid) sphingomyelin 20% phosphatidyl 20% ethanolamine phosphatidyl 20% choline

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0038

[Correction method] Deleted

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0039

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0039]

Example 3 In the same manner as described above, a food composition for increasing the in vivo DHA content for adults, elderly people, pregnant women, lactating women, and women was produced.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Mio Yamada 1-21-3 Sakaemachi, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo Meiji Dairy Products Nutrition Science Research Institute, Inc. (72) Inventor Hideo Otomo 1-2-1-3 Sakaemachi, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo Meiji Dairy Industry Nutrition Science Laboratory Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takahiro Kanno 1-21-3 Sakaemachi, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo Meiji Dairy Industry Co., Ltd. Nutrition Science Laboratories (72) Inventor Yu Kuwata 1-21-3, Sakaemachi, Higashimurayama-shi, Tokyo Meiji Dairy Industry Nutrition Science Laboratories F Term (reference) 4B001 AC15 EC05 4B018 MD11 MD45 MD46 ME10 MF01

Claims (7)

[Claims] Claims 1. An in vivo docosahexaenoic acid (DH) comprising a phospholipid derived from milk as an active ingredient.
A) A food composition for increasing the content. 2. The food composition according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid derived from milk is a phospholipid fraction extracted from a milk component. 3. The food composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the food composition is at least one selected from foods for adults or elderly people, foods for pregnant or lactating women, foods for women, and foods for infants. A composition according to claim 1. 4. The composition according to claim 1, further comprising DHA. 5. The composition according to claim 1, wherein said composition contains 1% by weight or more of milk-derived phospholipids or 8% by weight or more of said phospholipids in total lipids. The composition according to claim 3, wherein the composition is at least one selected from foods for women and foods for women. 6. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the milk-derived phospholipid is contained in an amount of 0.06.
0.3% by weight or more of the phospholipids in total lipids.
The composition according to claim 3 or 4, which is a food for infants containing 024% by weight or more. 7. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the phospholipid derived from milk contains lecithin, phosphatidylethanolamine, and sphingomyelin.